Photovoltaic desertification control device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic desertification control, and particularly discloses a photovoltaic desertification control device and method.The photovoltaic desertification control device comprises a photovoltaic power generation assembly, a planting pot, a light guide assembly and a water diversion assembly; the plurality of photovoltaic panels are spliced into a regular structure, and windows and placing cavities are formed in the splicing positions; the planting pot is pre-buried in sandy soil under the plate and comprises a root growth cavity and a storage cavity; the light guiding assembly collects sunlight through the light collecting cover, and the sunlight is directionally transmitted to plants through the light guiding main pipe, the polygonal pyramid flow dividing blocks, the light guiding branch pipes and the light guiding cylinders. The water diversion assembly collects rainfall intercepted by the photovoltaic panel through a water diversion groove and guides the rainfall into a planting pot storage cavity through a pipeline. According to the desertification control method, after the assemblies are installed, light is supplied through the light guiding assembly, water is supplied through the water guiding assembly, and plant growth is guaranteed. According to the invention, the core pain points of insufficient illumination and water shortage of plants under the board in the traditional photovoltaic desertification control are accurately solved, the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is ensured, and the ecological and economic win-win situation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic desertification control technology, and specifically relates to a photovoltaic desertification control device and method. Background Technology

[0002] The core of photovoltaic desertification control is a three-dimensional synergistic model of "power generation on the panel and desertification control underneath". By deeply integrating photovoltaic power generation with desert ecological governance and efficient land use, it breaks the dual dilemma of traditional photovoltaics "only generating electricity but not ecological" and traditional desertification control "only input and little output", and builds a sustainable ecological economic system.

[0003] The photovoltaic panels and the surrounding area are not isolated entities, but rather form a closely coordinated closed loop: power generation on the panels provides a reliable electricity supply through photovoltaic modules, while desertification control underneath relies on drought-resistant desert plants to improve the ecological environment. Power generation on the panels serves as the energy foundation, with large-scale deployment of wind-resistant, sand-resistant, and UV-resistant high-efficiency photovoltaic modules in desert areas. Combined with intelligent tracking technology, this maximizes solar energy capture, converting it into green electricity that is fed into the grid or supplied locally to facilities below and between the panels, providing stable revenue for the project and solidifying financial support for sustainable development. Desertification control underneath, as the ecological core, utilizes the physical barrier formed by the photovoltaic panels to reduce near-ground wind speed and surface evaporation. This is combined with sand-fixing using straw checkerboards, water-saving irrigation techniques, and the planting of drought-resistant desert plants such as Haloxylon ammodendron and Caragana korshinskii to gradually stabilize shifting sand, improve soil, and restore the desert's ecological barrier function.

[0004] While photovoltaic panels can reduce surface water evaporation, lower wind speeds, and resist wind and sand erosion, thus playing a role in sand stabilization, the drought-resistant sand-loving plants beneath them also depend on sunlight and water for survival. The shading provided by the photovoltaic panels not only limits the photosynthesis of these plants due to insufficient sunlight, but the surface of the panels also traps some rainfall, especially during light rain, reducing the actual amount of precipitation and consequently restricting plant growth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a photovoltaic desertification control device and method, which solves the problems of insufficient light and water shortage for plants under the photovoltaic panels in traditional photovoltaic desertification control.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a photovoltaic desertification control device, including a photovoltaic power generation component, the photovoltaic power generation component having a photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic desertification control device further including a planting pot, a light-guiding component, and a water-guiding component.

[0007] The photovoltaic panels are multiple, and the multiple photovoltaic panels are sequentially spliced ​​into an array structure; a window is opened at the splicing point of two adjacent photovoltaic panels, and a placement cavity is provided below the window.

[0008] There are multiple planting pots, which are buried in the sand under the photovoltaic panel. Each planting pot has a root growth chamber and a storage chamber. The storage chamber is connected to the root growth chamber. The planting pot is used to plant plants, and the root growth chamber provides growth space for the plant's roots.

[0009] The light-guiding assembly includes a light-collecting cover, a main light guide tube, multiple light guide branches, multiple sets of light-guiding components, and a splitter block. The light-collecting cover is fixed inside the placement cavity. One end of the main light guide tube is connected to the light-collecting cover, and the other end is a closed end. One end of each of the multiple light guide branches is circumferentially fixed to the side wall of the main light guide tube near the closed end and connected to the main light guide tube, and the other end is a closed end. The multiple sets of light-guiding components correspond one-to-one with the multiple light guide branches, and each set of light-guiding components includes multiple light-guiding tubes that are sequentially inserted into the light guide branches. The splitter block is a multi-faceted pyramidal structure, fixed inside the main light guide tube, and the side of the multi-faceted pyramidal structure corresponds one-to-one with the inlet position of the multiple light guide branches.

[0010] The water intake assembly includes a water intake trough and a water intake pipeline. The water intake trough is fixed on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel. The inlet and outlet ends of the water intake pipeline are connected to the water intake trough and the storage chamber, respectively, and are used to collect the rainwater on the photovoltaic panel through the water intake trough and guide it into the storage chamber when it rains.

[0011] Furthermore, the lengths of the multiple light-guiding tubes sequentially inserted into the light-guiding branch tube decrease sequentially from the closed end to the open end of the light-guiding branch tube, and the lengths of the light-guiding tubes exposed outside the light-guiding branch tube are the same.

[0012] Furthermore, a diffuser is also provided on the side wall of the light guide tube exposed outside the light guide branch.

[0013] Furthermore, the light guide tube includes a column and a filling liquid. The column is made of transparent material and has a cavity inside. The column is inserted into the light guide branch tube. The filling liquid fills the cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, a light-guiding block is also provided on the outer wall of the column located inside the light guide tube. The light-guiding block is made of the same material as the column and has a frustum structure. It is coaxially arranged on the side wall of the column. The bottom surface of the frustum structure of the light-guiding block with the larger diameter is flush with the end face of the column located inside the light guide tube, and the bottom surface of the frustum structure with the smaller diameter is in contact with the inner wall of the light guide tube.

[0015] Furthermore, the smaller diameter of the bottom surface of the frustum structure of the light-guiding block is equal to the diameter of the column, and the light-guiding block and the column are an integral structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the side of the splitter block corresponding to the inlet position of the light guide tube has a curved structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the planting pot includes a first cylindrical body, a second cylindrical body, and a rod. The first cylindrical body is a cylindrical structure with one end closed and the other end open, and the closed end has a planting hole. The second cylindrical body is a cylindrical structure with one end closed and the other end open, and is arranged coaxially with the opening of the first cylindrical body. The outer side wall of the second cylindrical body and the inner side wall of the first cylindrical body form a gap, which communicates with the planting hole. The plant is planted in the planting hole, and the gap serves as a root growth cavity to provide growth space for the plant roots. The interior of the second cylindrical body has a temporary storage cavity, and the side wall of the second cylindrical body has a drip hole communicating with the temporary storage cavity. The temporary storage cavity serves as a storage cavity and is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe. One end of the rod passes through the planting hole and is fixed to the second cylindrical body, and the other end is fixed to the closed end of the light guide tube.

[0018] Furthermore, both the first and second cylinders are variable diameter structures, with the diameter of the cylinder on the closed end side being smaller than the diameter of the cylinder on the open end side.

[0019] A photovoltaic desertification control method, utilizing the aforementioned photovoltaic desertification control device, includes the following steps: When sunlight shines, it passes through the window and into the installation chamber. The light-collecting cover collects the sunlight, which then enters the main light guide tube and is transmitted downwards. A splitter evenly distributes and reflects the concentrated sunlight into individual light guide branches. The light-guiding tube acts as the "light outlet," directing the light from the light guide branches to the plants in the planting pots below the photovoltaic panel, providing ample light for photosynthesis. When it rains, rainwater falling on the photovoltaic panel is collected through a water channel and guided through pipes to the storage chamber, irrigating the plant roots.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention constructs a closed-loop system that deeply integrates power generation and desertification control, precisely addressing the core pain points of traditional photovoltaic desertification control, such as insufficient sunlight and water shortage for plants under the panels, while ensuring photovoltaic power generation efficiency and achieving a win-win situation for both ecology and economy.

[0021] The system is based on multiple photovoltaic panels spliced ​​into a regular structure. Windows at their joints provide a stable mounting platform for the light-guiding components without damaging the main power generation area of ​​the photovoltaic panels, ensuring that "power generation on the panel" is not affected. The light-guiding components form an efficient light-guiding link: after the light-collecting cover collects sunlight, it is transmitted through the main light guide tube. The multi-faceted splitter blocks evenly distribute the light to each light guide branch tube, and then it is directionally conducted to the area under the panel through multiple sets of light-guiding tubes, completely overcoming the light limitation caused by photovoltaic panel shading and providing sufficient light source for plant photosynthesis.

[0022] The planting pots are designed to meet the growth needs of desert plants. Multiple planting pots, pre-buried in the sand beneath the panels, provide a stable growing space for the roots through root growth chambers. The interconnected design between the storage chamber and the root growth chamber ensures precise water supply. The water diversion component specifically addresses the issue of rainwater loss. A water diversion channel on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel efficiently collects rainwater trapped on the panel and guides it through pipes to the storage chambers of the planting pots, maximizing the use of scarce desert water resources and preventing plants from withering due to dehydration.

[0023] The components of this invention exhibit strong synergy: the light transmission path of the light-guiding component is precisely matched with the placement of the planting pot, and the water-guiding component is seamlessly connected to the storage cavity of the planting pot, forming a complete desertification control chain of "sunlight collection - uniform conduction - water interception - targeted supply - root maintenance". The overall structure is compact, and all components are mechanical structures, making installation convenient and maintenance costs low. It is suitable for the windy and sandy environment of deserts and can be scaled up. It provides continuous income through photovoltaic power generation and improves the ecology through plant sand fixation, breaking the dual dilemma of traditional photovoltaics "only generating electricity but not ecology" and traditional desertification control "only input and little output". Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the light-collecting cover and the main light guide tube of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the main light guide tube and the branch light guide tube of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the light guide tube in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the planting pot of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the planting pot of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the light guide tube in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shunt block in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0025] Among them, 1-photovoltaic power generation component, 10-photovoltaic panel, 100-window, 11-placement cavity, 2-planting pot, 20-root growth cavity, 21-first cylinder, 210-planting hole, 22-second cylinder, 220-temporary storage cavity, 2200-drip hole, 23-rod, 3-light guiding component, 31-light collecting cover, 32-main light guiding pipe, 33-light guiding branch pipe, 34-light guiding component, 340-light guiding tube, 341-column, 3410-cavity, 35-diverter block, 36-diffuser cover, 37-light guiding block, 4-water guiding component, 41-water guiding trough. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following is combined Figures 1 to 9 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0027] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0028] Example 1 like Figure 1 The photovoltaic desertification control device shown includes a photovoltaic power generation component 1, a planting pot 2, a light-guiding component 3, and a water-guiding component 4.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic power generation module 1 has photovoltaic panels 10, and there are multiple photovoltaic panels 10. Multiple photovoltaic panels 10 are sequentially spliced ​​into an array structure; a window 100 is opened at the splicing point of two adjacent photovoltaic panels 10, and a placement cavity 11 is provided below the window 100.

[0030] There are multiple planting pots 2, which are buried in the sand below the photovoltaic panel 10. Each planting pot 2 has a root growth chamber 20 and a storage chamber, which are connected to the root growth chamber 20. The planting pot 2 is used to plant plants, and the root growth chamber 20 provides growth space for the plant roots. The plants are drought-resistant and sand-fixing plants such as sea buckthorn, saxaul, and artemisia.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the light-guiding assembly 3 includes a light-collecting cover 31, a main light-guiding tube 32, multiple light-guiding branches 33, multiple sets of light-guiding assemblies 34, and a diverter block 35. The light-collecting cover 31 is fixed inside the placement cavity 11. One end of the main light-guiding tube 32 is connected to the light-collecting cover 31, and the other end is a closed end. One end of the multiple light-guiding branches 33 is circumferentially fixed to the side wall of the main light-guiding tube 32 near the closed end and is connected to the main light-guiding tube 32, and the other end is a closed end. The multiple sets of light-guiding assemblies 34 correspond one-to-one with the multiple light-guiding branches 33. Each set of light-guiding assemblies 34 includes multiple light-guiding tubes 340 that are sequentially inserted into the light-guiding branches 33. The diverter block 35 has a multi-faceted pyramidal structure and is fixed inside the main light-guiding tube 32. The side of the multi-faceted pyramidal structure corresponds one-to-one with the inlet position of the multiple light-guiding branches 33. It should be noted that: in this embodiment, the light-collecting cover 31 is made of PMMA, the inner wall of the main light guide tube 32, the inner wall of the light guide branch tube 33, and the outer wall of the splitter block 35 are all made of materials with high reflectivity. In this embodiment, high reflectivity ceramic-coated metal material is used. The substrate of the inner wall of the main light guide tube 32, the light guide branch tube 33, and the splitter block 35 is stainless steel, and the high reflectivity ceramic-coated metal material is specifically aluminum oxide-based.

[0032] The water intake component 4 includes a water intake trough 41 and a water intake pipeline. The water intake trough 41 is fixed on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel 10. The inlet and outlet ends of the water intake pipeline are connected to the water intake trough 41 and the storage cavity, respectively, and are used to collect the rainwater on the photovoltaic panel 10 through the water intake trough 41 and introduce it into the storage cavity when it rains.

[0033] In this embodiment, a window 100 and a placement cavity 11 are opened at the contact point of the photovoltaic panel 10. The light-guiding component 3 collects sunlight through the light-collecting cover 31, and forms a complete light path of "collection-diversion-conduction-irradiation" through the main light guide 32, the multi-faceted diverter block 35, the light guide branch pipe 33, and the light-guiding tube 340. Based on this feature, the shading limitation of the photovoltaic panel 10 is overcome, and the direct sunlight on the panel is accurately guided to the plant growth area under the panel. The side of the multi-faceted diverter block 35 corresponds one-to-one with the light guide branch pipe 33, which can evenly distribute the concentrated sunlight to multiple light guide branch pipes 33. Then, through multiple sets of light-guiding tubes 340, full coverage irradiation of a large area under the panel is achieved, ensuring the light conditions required for plant photosynthesis and avoiding the problem of "plant growth under the panel being limited due to shading" in traditional photovoltaic desertification control.

[0034] The design of the water inlet trough 41 on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel 10, the water pipe connecting the water inlet trough 41 to the storage chamber of the planting pot 2, and the connection between the storage chamber and the root growth chamber 20 in the planting pot 2, efficiently collects the rainwater that was originally intercepted by the photovoltaic panel 10 and was easily lost, especially during light rain. The rainwater is then directed into the storage chamber of the planting pot 2 through the water pipe, and then connected to the root growth chamber 20 to provide a stable water supply for the plant roots. This avoids direct loss of rainwater or surface evaporation, greatly improves the utilization rate of scarce water resources in desert areas, and solves the pain point of "reduced actual rainfall under the panel and water shortage and withering of plants" in traditional photovoltaic desertification control.

[0035] The photovoltaic panel 10 adopts a "multiple spliced ​​into a regular structure". The window 100 is only opened at the contact point of the photovoltaic panel 10, without damaging the main power generation area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 10, ensuring that the core revenue of the photovoltaic power generation module 1 is not affected. The placement cavity 11 provides installation space for the light-guiding module 3 without occupying additional desert surface area, realizing "space reuse". After the plants under the panel obtain stable growth conditions through the light-guiding module 3 and the water-guiding module 4, they can gradually fix the shifting sand, improve the soil, and reduce the erosion of the photovoltaic panel 10 surface by wind and sand. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic panel 10 continues to provide green electricity revenue, forming a closed loop of "power generation supporting desertification control and desertification control ensuring power generation", which is more sustainable than the traditional "only power generation without ecology" or "only desertification control with little output" model.

[0036] The structure of the planting pot 2 is adapted to the growth needs of desert plants. The design of burying the planting pot 2 in the sand below the photovoltaic panel 10 can effectively prevent the quicksand from burying or eroding the plant roots, providing a stable growth space for the roots. The design of connecting the storage chamber and the root growth chamber 20 realizes the "storage-slow supply" of water, reducing water loss caused by strong evaporation in desert areas and adapting to the water requirements of drought-resistant plants.

[0037] The design of fixing the light-collecting cover 31 inside the placement cavity 11 can prevent wind and sand from directly abrading or burying the light-collecting components and ensure long-term light guiding efficiency; the design of the closed end of the main light guide tube 32 and the closed end of the branch light guide tube 33 can effectively prevent sand and dust from entering the light guiding channel, avoid light path blockage, and adapt to the windy and sandy environment of the desert.

[0038] In this embodiment, the light-guiding component 3 is integrated with the photovoltaic panel 10 through the placement cavity 11, the water-guiding component 4 is fixed to the edge of the photovoltaic panel 10, and the planting pot 2 is pre-embedded under the photovoltaic panel 10. Each component has no redundant design, the overall structure is compact, does not occupy additional desert surface space, and is compatible with the large-scale deployment process of existing photovoltaic power stations.

[0039] Preferred, such as Figure 4As shown, multiple light-guiding tubes 340, sequentially inserted into the light-guiding branch tube 33, decrease in length from the closed end to the open end of the light-guiding branch tube 33, while maintaining the same exposed length outside the light-guiding branch tube 33. The core advantage of this design, where the light-guiding tubes 340 decrease in length from the closed end to the open end of the light-guiding branch tube 33 while maintaining the same exposed length, is that it achieves uniform illumination under the plate and a rational structural arrangement without sacrificing light-guiding efficiency, while also adapting to the usage requirements of desert environments.

[0040] Because sunlight naturally attenuates along the length of the light guide tube 33 after passing through the light-collecting cover 31, the main light guide tube 32, and the diverter block 35—the light intensity is high at the "open end" of the light guide tube 33 near the main light guide tube 32, and low at the "closed end" of the light guide tube 33 far from the main light guide tube 32. Therefore, the light guide tube 340 at the closed end of the light guide tube 33 is designed to be the "longest," increasing the contact length with the light inside the tube to capture more of the attenuated weak light; the light guide tube 340 at the open end of the light guide tube 33 is designed to be the "shortest," requiring only a shorter contact length to capture sufficient strong light; ultimately, the amount of light output from all light guide tubes 340 is basically the same, avoiding the problem of "excessive light in the area near the main light guide tube 32 and insufficient light in the area far away" for the plants under the board, ensuring balanced photosynthetic conditions for plants in different locations, and improving the overall survival rate.

[0041] The portion of the light-guiding tube 340 exposed outside the light-guiding branch tube 33 is the functional end that directly irradiates light onto the plant. With a uniform exposed length, the irradiation ports of all light-guiding tubes 340 are at the same height plane, allowing the light to evenly cover the canopy area of ​​the plant. At the same time, it avoids the irradiation ranges of different light-guiding tubes 340 from blocking or overlapping each other, achieving uniform light coverage in both "horizontal and vertical" dimensions, which is suitable for the needs of large-scale planting under the board.

[0042] Preferred, such as Figure 4 As shown, a diffuser 36 is also provided on the side wall of the light guide tube 340 exposed outside the light guide branch tube 33. The core advantage of the diffuser 36 is that it achieves "softening and wide coverage" of the light while ensuring the light guiding efficiency, and at the same time provides environmental protection for the light guide tube 340, enhancing the practicality and stability of the light guiding component 3.

[0043] A diffuser 36 is fitted onto the exposed sidewall of the light-guiding tube 340. Its material is typically a highly transparent, diffuser that converts concentrated direct light into soft, diffused light—the light diffuses evenly in all directions after passing through the diffuser 36, rather than shining directly in one direction. In this embodiment, the diffuser 36 is made of diffuse-grade polymethyl methacrylate. Furthermore, the diffused light's diffusion characteristics fill the aforementioned light-blind areas, allowing light to not only cover the plant canopy surface but also penetrate to the lower layers of leaves and the edges of adjacent planting pots 2. Combined with the light-guiding tube 340's design of "internal length adapted to light attenuation," three-dimensional uniform illumination—"horizontal + vertical + full-area"—is ultimately achieved, ensuring that all plants under the board receive sufficient and balanced photosynthetic conditions.

[0044] Furthermore, the light cover 36, as an outer protective structure, can block wind and sand from directly impacting and rubbing against the exposed sidewalls of the column 341, while reducing the accumulation of sand and dust on the surface of the column 341 and reducing the frequency of later cleaning and maintenance.

[0045] Preferred, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the light guide tube 340 includes a column 341 and a filling liquid. The column 341 is made of transparent material and has a cavity 3410 inside. The column 341 is inserted into the light guide branch tube 33. The filling liquid fills the cavity 3410. In this embodiment, the filling liquid is water, but distilled water can also be used in practical applications.

[0046] The uniformity of the filling liquid is far superior to that of air, which can avoid the "light path deflection" caused by air density fluctuations in the hollow column. This ensures that the light is concentrated and conducted along the column 341 to the exposed end. Combined with the diffusion function of the diffuser 36, more of the collected sunlight can ultimately be used for plant photosynthesis, solving the problem of "serious waste in the light transmission process" in traditional hollow light guides.

[0047] Furthermore, because the length of the light guide tube 340 is adapted to the light attenuation inside the light guide branch tube 33, and the low loss characteristics of the filling fluid, light guide tubes 340 of different lengths can maintain stable light guiding efficiency. The short light guide tube 340 near the open end of the light guide branch tube 33 will not suffer increased local loss due to excessive light, and the long light guide tube 340 near the closed end of the light guide branch tube 33 can also compensate for the natural attenuation of light through efficient light guiding, ensuring that the amount of light output from all light guide tubes is balanced.

[0048] Moreover, the uniform light-guiding properties of the filling liquid allow for more uniform light intensity when it is emitted from the column 341, avoiding the situation of "local strong light and local weak light". Furthermore, through the diffusion effect of the diffuser 36, the uniform direct light can be transformed into soft diffused light, further improving the "uniformity of light for plants under the board" and avoiding insufficient light or scorching in some areas.

[0049] Preferred, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the planting pot 2 includes a first cylindrical body 21, a second cylindrical body 22, and a rod 23. The first cylindrical body 21 is a cylindrical structure with one end closed and the other end open, and a planting hole 210 is provided at the closed end. The second cylindrical body 22 is a cylindrical structure with one end closed and the other end open, and is arranged coaxially with the opening of the first cylindrical body 21. The outer side wall of the second cylindrical body 22 and the inner side wall of the first cylindrical body 21 form a gap, which communicates with the planting hole 210. The plant is planted in the planting hole 210, and the gap serves as a root growth cavity 20 to provide growth space for the plant roots. The interior of the second cylindrical body 22 is provided with a temporary storage cavity 220, and a drip hole 2200 communicating with the temporary storage cavity 220 is provided on the side wall of the second cylindrical body 22. The temporary storage cavity 220 serves as a storage cavity and is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe. One end of the rod 23 passes through the planting hole 210 and is fixed to the second cylindrical body 22, and the other end is fixed to the closed end of the light guide tube 32. It should be noted that in practical applications, external irrigation and water supply equipment can also be added to irrigate the plants by connecting the water source to the temporary storage chamber 220 through the pump body and pipeline. This is a conventional technical means in this field and will not be described in detail here.

[0050] Among them, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, both the first cylinder 21 and the second cylinder 22 are inverted and buried in sand with their closed ends facing upwards and their open ends facing downwards; plant roots are implanted into the root growth cavity 20 formed by the gap between the two cylinders through the planting hole 210 at the closed end.

[0051] The open end of the cylinder is buried downwards in sand, which fills all the gaps inside the first cylinder 21 and the second cylinder 22, forming a "sand sealing layer," which is equivalent to creating a natural barrier at the bottom of the root growth chamber 20. The root growth chamber 20 is a semi-enclosed space with a closed end with planting holes 210 at the top, sand sealing at the bottom, and cylinder walls on all sides. After the plant roots are planted, they can only extend laterally within the gaps. This prevents the roots from being exposed due to sand erosion or from being separated from the water supply area due to excessive root penetration, thus achieving "root protection + directional guidance of growth space."

[0052] With the closed end facing upwards, the planting hole 210 is located in the operating space below the photovoltaic panel 10. During planting, there is no need to dig deep sand. The seedling can be directly inserted into the root growth cavity 20 from above, which greatly reduces the construction difficulty of planting under the desert panel. At the same time, the upward-facing planting hole 210 can prevent quicksand from accumulating in the seedling area, protect the base of the seedling from being buried, and improve the survival rate of seedlings.

[0053] Most importantly, the inverted structure, together with the temporary storage chamber 220 and drip hole 2200 of the second cylinder 22, forms a precise closed-loop water supply, solving the problem of easy evaporation and loss of water in the desert. Specifically, the closed end of the second cylinder 22 faces upwards and the open end faces downwards. The internal temporary storage chamber 220 is a closed chamber with an "upper sealed and lower blocked" design, connected only to the root growth chamber 20 through the drip hole 2200. Rainwater introduced by the water-guiding component 4 is stored in this chamber, avoiding direct contact with the high-temperature surface sand. Water evaporation is reduced by more than 70% compared to traditional upright planting pots, achieving "water storage and moisture retention." The drip holes 2200 are located on the side wall of the second cylinder 22. When inverted, the drip holes 2200 face the inner wall of the root growth chamber 20. Water in the temporary storage chamber 220 drips out naturally by gravity and slowly seeps into the sandy soil around the roots along the cylinder wall, forming a "drip irrigation + soaking" water supply mode. This avoids water loss due to flooding and keeps the roots in a moist environment, improving water utilization by more than 60% compared to traditional planting. Moreover, the root growth chamber 20 formed by the inverted cylinders is a semi-enclosed space. Water from drip irrigation forms a "locally moist zone" in the sandy soil within the gaps, which is not easily carried away by strong desert winds. This also prevents the roots from drying out quickly due to the surface sand, thus adapting to the water requirements of desert plants, which are "drought-resistant but require continuous micro-water supply".

[0054] With the closed end of the planting pot 2 facing upwards, after the plant sprouts from the planting hole 210, the canopy naturally grows upwards, precisely positioned in the light-receiving area below the photovoltaic panel 10. At the same time, one end of the rod 23 is fixed to the second cylinder 22, and the other end is fixed to the light guide tube 32, so that the position of the planting pot 2 is precisely aligned with the light guide tube 340 of the light-guiding component 3. The light guide tube 340 guides diffused light energy processed by the diffuser 36 to directly cover the plant canopy, avoiding the misalignment of "roots below and light above", and achieving three-dimensional matching of "light area - canopy area - root water supply area".

[0055] Preferably, both the first cylinder 21 and the second cylinder 22 are variable diameter structures, with the cylinder diameter on the closed end side being smaller than the cylinder diameter on the open end side.

[0056] The variable-diameter structure gives the two cylinders an inverted cone shape. When inverted and buried in the sand, the wider end facing downwards increases the contact area and friction with the sand, creating a stable "wider at the bottom and narrower at the top" support, preventing them from being pushed upwards or displaced by shifting sand. Simultaneously, the inverted cone shape disperses the lateral pressure from strong desert winds, reducing the risk of cylinder deformation. After inversion, the main stress-bearing surfaces of the two cylinders are in close contact with the sand, reducing the probability of wind and sand directly eroding the cylinder walls, thus lowering the rate of wear and weathering. With the closed end facing upwards, only the planting hole 210 is exposed, reducing the contact area between the cylinders and the external environment.

[0057] A photovoltaic desertification control method, utilizing the photovoltaic desertification control device proposed in this embodiment, includes the following steps: Step 1: Site Survey and Planning The terrain slope and elevation of the photovoltaic desertification control area were surveyed, and the "high side-low side" of the photovoltaic panel 10 was marked to locate the water diversion channel 41.

[0058] Test the thickness of the sand and the activity of the quicksand to determine the pre-buried depth of planting pot 2: the burial depth in the quicksand area is ≥30cm, and the burial depth in the semi-fixed sand area is ≥20cm.

[0059] Plan the photovoltaic panel 10 splicing scheme: Divide the laying area according to the "regular structure", usually in a rectangular array, mark the preset position of the window 100 at the contact point of the photovoltaic panel 10, and reserve 1 window 100 at every splicing point of 4 photovoltaic panels 10, with the spacing matching the layout density of the planting pot 2.

[0060] The principle for opening window 100 is: it is only opened at the splicing contact point of multiple photovoltaic panels 10, and does not occupy the main power generation area of ​​photovoltaic panel 10.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment adopts a "4-panel photovoltaic panel 10 enclosing" design, meaning the corner contact points of the 2×2 rectangular photovoltaic panels 10 are the center of the window 100. The window center must avoid the frame connection holes, junction boxes, and circuit busbars of the photovoltaic panel 10, and be ≥5cm away from the edge of the photovoltaic panel (non-splicing side) to avoid damaging the structural strength and circuit safety of the photovoltaic panel. During the production of the photovoltaic panel 10, the window 100 is reserved according to the design position, and the fixing bracket (stainless steel angle bracket, welded to the inside of the photovoltaic panel frame) for the placement cavity 11 is pre-welded.

[0062] Determine the installation paths for the light-guiding component 3 and the water-guiding component 4: Ensure that the light-guiding branch pipe 33 covers all planting pots 2, and that the water-guiding pipe is laid along the lower side of the terrain to avoid bends and blockages.

[0063] Step 2: Material and Component Pretreatment Photovoltaic module pretreatment: Check the wind and sand resistance and UV resistance of photovoltaic panel 10. Pre-install a fixing bracket for placement cavity 11 below window 100, using rust-proof metal material to avoid desert moisture corrosion.

[0064] Check the drainage holes 2200 of planting pot 2 for patency; the hole diameter is 2mm-3mm, to prevent clogging by sand or soil. Pre-fix the second cylinder 22 to the closed end of the main light guide tube 32 using rod 23, leaving room for installation adjustment. It should be noted that: If... Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the second cylinder 22 and the first cylinder 21 are an integral structure. The second cylinder 22 is coaxially fixed inside the first cylinder 21 by multiple mounting rods, and one of the mounting rods is a hollow structure, with one end connected to the temporary storage cavity 220 and the other end connected to the outlet of the water inlet pipe.

[0065] The splitter block 35 is fixed inside the main light guide tube 32 using adhesive. Following the rule of "length decreasing from closed end to open end", the light guide tube 340 is inserted into the light guide branch tube 33, with the exposed length uniformly 8cm. The diffuser cover 36 is then fitted and fixed. The light guide branch tube 33 has a pre-drilled hole with a rubber ring at the hole. After the light guide tube 340 is inserted into the rubber ring, sealant is applied to the outside.

[0066] Select drought-resistant sand-loving plant seedlings such as Haloxylon ammodendron and Caragana korshinskii, and allow them to acclimate in the seedling substrate for 3-5 days in advance to avoid root damage caused by direct transplanting.

[0067] Step 3: Installation and fixing of photovoltaic power generation module 1 The photovoltaic panels 10 are laid out according to the planned structural rules and fixed to the sandy surface by brackets, with the brackets 50cm to 80cm above the ground to allow space for planting and component maintenance. When splicing the photovoltaic panels 10, ensure that the windows 100 at the contact points are aligned with the preset positions, and that the placement cavity 11 below the window 100 is firmly fixed and bolted to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 10 to prevent displacement by wind and sand. The circuit connections of the photovoltaic panels 10 are checked to ensure normal power generation. Fixing slots for water channels 41 are pre-installed on the lower edge of the photovoltaic panels 10.

[0068] Step 4: Pre-embed and position planting pot 2 Planting pits were excavated according to the planned density, with the pit diameter being 10cm larger than the opening end of the first cylinder 21, and the depth being consistent with the pre-buried depth.

[0069] Place the planting pot 2 upside down into the planting pit, with the closed end facing up and the open end facing down, ensuring that the variable diameter structure of the first cylinder 21 and the second cylinder 22 fits into the sand. The open end of the second cylinder 22 is embedded into the sand, forming a "sand sealing layer".

[0070] Step 5: Installation of light-guiding assembly 3 and optical path calibration The light-transmitting cover 31 is fixed inside the placement cavity 11 with the light-transmitting surface facing upwards and flush with the surface of the photovoltaic panel 10.

[0071] Connecting the main light guide tube 32: One end is sealed with silicone and connected to the light-collecting cover 31, and the other end is fixed to the top of the pole 23. The pole 23 is a telescopic rust-proof metal pole.

[0072] On a sunny noon, sunlight is collected through the light-collecting cover 31, and it is observed whether the light from the light-guiding tube 340 covers the planting hole 210 area. By finely adjusting the angle of the light guide branch tube 33, it is ensured that the diffused light processed by the diffuser 36 covers the canopy preset area of ​​all planting pots 2.

[0073] Step 6: Installation and sealing test of water intake assembly 4 Install water inlet channel 41: Fix water inlet channel 41 along the slot on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel 10, with the inlet facing upward and the slope consistent with the terrain to ensure natural rainwater flow. Use sealant at the joint of water inlet channel 41 to prevent water leakage.

[0074] Laying water supply pipes: The inlet end is connected to the drain outlet at the bottom of the water supply trough 41, and a filter screen is installed to prevent mud and sand from entering the pipes. The outlet end is connected one-to-one with the mounting rod of the hollow structure of the planting pot 2.

[0075] Sealing test: Inject clean water into water tank 41 (simulate rainfall) and observe whether the water pipe leaks.

[0076] Step 7: Transplanting and planting seedlings The base of the plant seedling is passed through the planting hole 210, allowing the roots to naturally spread out in the improved substrate of the root growth chamber 20, with a root depth of ≥8cm, ensuring that the roots can contact the drip irrigation water from the drip hole 2200.

[0077] Fill the gap between the outer wall of the second cylinder 22 and the inner wall of the first cylinder 21 with moist sand with a moisture content of 5% to 8% through the planting hole 210. Gently compact the soil to fix the base of the seedling and prevent it from falling over in strong winds. Cover the base of the seedling with a thin layer of sand with a thickness of 1cm to 2cm to reduce water evaporation.

[0078] Water is manually added through the water inlet trough 41, and water is injected into the temporary storage chamber 220 through the water inlet pipe. The water volume is 500ml~800ml per basin, ensuring that the temporary storage chamber 220 stores 1 / 3 of its volume of water.

[0079] Example 2 Unlike Example 1, preferred embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, a light-guiding block 37 is also provided on the outer wall of the column 341 inside the light guide tube 33. The light-guiding block 37 is made of the same material as the column 341, both of which are made of transparent acrylic. The light-guiding block 37 has a frustum structure and is coaxially arranged on the side wall of the column 341. The bottom surface of the frustum structure of the light-guiding block 37 with the larger diameter is flush with the end face of the column 341 inside the light guide tube 33, and the bottom surface of the frustum structure with the smaller diameter is in contact with the inner wall of the light guide tube 33.

[0080] When the column 341 is inserted into the light guide tube 33, if it is only attached to the side wall of the column itself, a small gap may be generated due to processing errors or wind and sand vibration, and the light in the light guide tube 33 will leak from the gap; however, the small diameter bottom surface of the frustum structure of the light guide block 37 is in close contact with the inner wall of the light guide tube 33, completely filling the gap between the column and the inner wall of the tube, physically blocking the light leakage channel, and allowing more light to concentrate on the column 341.

[0081] The large-diameter bottom surface of the light-guiding block 37 is flush with the end face of the column 341 located inside the light guide tube 33. Its frustum side is inclined, which is equivalent to extending the "light receiving surface" outside the end face of the column. The light propagating inside the light guide tube 33, including direct light and reflected light from the tube wall, can not only directly enter the column 341, but also be captured by the inclined side of the light-guiding block 37. Then, through the optical conduction characteristics of the same material, it is guided into the column, which improves the light capture efficiency of a single light guide tube 340 by more than 20%.

[0082] The inclined sides of the frustum structure have a natural "light-guiding" effect, causing the captured light to converge towards the axial region of the column 341 along the inclined side direction. This avoids light scattering inside the column, especially the refractive disturbances that easily occur at the interface between the filling liquid and the column, allowing the light to be more concentrated and conducted along the column axis to the diffuser 36 at the exposed end. Furthermore, the light-guiding block 37 and the column 341 are made of the same material with the same refractive index. When light enters the column from the light-guiding block, there is no additional reflection or refraction loss due to material differences, ensuring a smooth light transmission path from "light-guiding block 37 → column 341 → filling liquid" and further reducing light loss.

[0083] Because the length of the light guide tube 340 is adapted to the light attenuation inside the light guide branch tube 33, and the light guide block 37 improves the light capture saturation of the short light guide tube 340, while making up for the insufficient capture of the long light guide tube 340, the amount of light output from light guide tubes of different lengths is more balanced.

[0084] The light-guiding block 37 guides the light to be concentrated and directional, making the light intensity output by the column 341 more uniform. After being diffused by the diffuser 36, it can form a more stable "soft diffused light field", avoiding local scorching or insufficient light on plants caused by fluctuations in light intensity, and further improving the uniformity of light on plants under the board.

[0085] Preferably, the smaller diameter of the bottom surface of the frustum structure of the light-guiding block 37 is equal to the diameter of the column 341, and the light-guiding block 37 and the column 341 are an integral structure.

[0086] The small-diameter bottom surface of the light-guiding block 37 is the same diameter as the column 341. After the two are integrally formed, the side surface of the light-guiding block 37 and the side wall of the column 341 form a smooth transition continuous curved surface without any splicing steps or abrupt changes in size. This avoids light scattering loss caused by uneven interface at the connection between the light-guiding block 37 and the column 341, allowing light to be smoothly guided into the column 341 and its internal filling liquid along the continuous curved surface. The light transmission loss is effectively reduced compared to the "non-uniform diameter splicing structure". The integral structure fundamentally eliminates assembly gaps. Combined with the tight contact between the small-diameter bottom surface of the light-guiding block and the inner wall of the light guide tube 33, a fully enclosed light path is formed from the light guide tube 33 to the light-guiding block 37 to the column 341, ensuring that the light is transmitted only along the preset path without any additional leakage.

[0087] Example 3 Unlike Example 2, the preferred embodiment is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the side of the splitter block 35 corresponding to the inlet position of the light guide tube 33 has a curved structure.

[0088] After light enters the main light guide tube 32 through the light-collecting cover 31, it will strike the side of the splitter block 35 at different angles. If it is a planar structure, some light will deviate from the inlet of the light guide branch tube 33 due to "positive reflection", resulting in light leakage; while the curvature of the curved structure is adapted to the light propagation trajectory, and can guide the light smoothly into the light guide branch tube 33 through "gradual refraction", avoiding light escape caused by hard reflection, and improving the light introduction efficiency of a single light guide branch tube by more than 15%.

[0089] Moreover, the solar altitude angle varies over time in desert regions, resulting in a wide range of angles for the light rays incident on the main light guide tube 32. The curved structure can accommodate incident light at different angles. Regardless of the direction from which the light enters the main light guide tube 32, the curvature of the curved surface can adjust the refraction direction, ensuring that the light is precisely aligned with the inlet of the branch light guide tube 33. Compared to the "angle adaptation limitations" of the planar structure, the adaptability is greatly improved.

[0090] The corners of the planar splitter surface are prone to "secondary reflection", which causes the light to scatter randomly in the main light guide tube 32, wasting light energy and potentially burning the inner wall of the main light guide tube due to light focusing. The curved structure has no obvious corners, and there are no scattering dead angles when the light is transmitted along the curved surface, ensuring that the light is concentrated and guided to the light guide branch tube 33, reducing additional energy loss.

[0091] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic desertification control device, comprising a photovoltaic power generation module, wherein the photovoltaic power generation module has a photovoltaic panel, characterized in that, Also includes: Planting pots, light-guiding components, and water-guiding components; The photovoltaic panels are multiple, and the multiple photovoltaic panels are sequentially spliced ​​into an array structure; a window is opened at the splicing point of two adjacent photovoltaic panels, and a placement cavity is provided below the window; There are multiple planting pots, which are buried in the sand under the photovoltaic panel. Each planting pot has a root growth chamber and a storage chamber. The storage chamber is connected to the root growth chamber. The planting pot is used to plant plants, and the root growth chamber provides growth space for the plant's roots. The light-guiding assembly includes: a light-collecting cover fixed inside the placement cavity; a main light-guiding tube, one end of which is connected to the light-collecting cover and the other end is a closed end; multiple light-guiding branches, one end of which is circumferentially fixed to the side wall of the main light-guiding tube near the closed end and connected to the main light-guiding tube, and the other end of which is a closed end; multiple sets of light-guiding assemblies corresponding one-to-one with multiple light-guiding branches, each set of light-guiding assemblies including multiple light-guiding tubes sequentially inserted into the light-guiding branches; and a diverter block, which is a multi-faceted pyramidal structure fixed inside the main light-guiding tube, the side of the multi-faceted pyramidal structure corresponding one-to-one with the inlet position of the multiple light-guiding branches. The water intake assembly includes: a water intake trough, fixed on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel; and a water intake pipeline, with its inlet and outlet ends connected to the water intake trough and the storage chamber, respectively, for collecting rainwater on the photovoltaic panel through the water intake trough and guiding it into the storage chamber during rain.

2. The photovoltaic desertification control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lengths of the multiple light-guiding tubes inserted sequentially on the light-guiding branch tube decrease from the closed end to the open end of the light-guiding branch tube, and the lengths of the light-guiding tubes exposed outside the light-guiding branch tube are the same.

3. The photovoltaic desertification control device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A diffuser is also provided on the side wall of the light guide tube exposed outside the light guide branch.

4. The photovoltaic desertification control device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The light guide tube includes: a column made of transparent material with an internal cavity; the column is inserted into the light guide branch tube; The filling fluid is used to fill the cavity.

5. A photovoltaic desertification control device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A light-guiding block is also provided on the outer wall of the column located inside the light guide tube. The light-guiding block is made of the same material as the column and has a frustum structure. It is coaxially arranged on the side wall of the column. The bottom surface of the frustum structure of the light-guiding block with the larger diameter is flush with the end face of the column inside the light guide tube, and the bottom surface of the frustum structure with the smaller diameter is in contact with the inner wall of the light guide tube.

6. The photovoltaic desertification control device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The smaller diameter of the bottom surface of the frustum structure of the light guide block is equal to the diameter of the column, and the light guide block and the column are an integral structure.

7. A photovoltaic desertification control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the splitter block corresponding to the inlet position of the light guide tube has a curved structure.

8. The photovoltaic desertification control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The planting pot includes: The first cylindrical body is a cylindrical structure that is closed at one end and open at the other end, and the closed end has an implantation hole; The second cylinder is a cylindrical structure that is closed at one end and open at the other. It is arranged coaxially and in the same direction as the opening of the first cylinder. The outer side wall of the second cylinder and the inner side wall of the first cylinder form a gap, which communicates with the planting hole. The plant is planted in the planting hole, and the gap serves as a root growth cavity to provide growth space for the plant roots. The interior of the second cylinder is provided with a temporary storage cavity, and the side wall of the second cylinder is provided with a drip hole that communicates with the temporary storage cavity. The temporary storage cavity serves as a storage cavity and is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe. One end of the rod passes through the planting hole and is fixed to the second cylinder, while the other end is fixed to the closed end of the light guide tube.

9. A photovoltaic desertification control device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Both the first and second cylinders are variable diameter structures, with the diameter of the cylinder on the closed end side being smaller than the diameter of the cylinder on the open end side.

10. A photovoltaic desertification control method, characterized in that, Desertification control using any one of the photovoltaic desertification control devices described in claims 1-9 includes the following steps: When sunlight shines, it shines through the window into the placement cavity. The light-collecting cover collects the sunlight, which enters the main light guide tube and is transmitted downwards along the main light guide tube. After passing through the splitter block, the concentrated sunlight is evenly split and reflected into each light guide branch tube. The light guide tube acts as the "light outlet", which directs the light transmitted by the light guide branch tube to the plants in the planting pot below the photovoltaic panel, directly providing sufficient light source for the plants' photosynthesis. When it rains, the rainwater falling on the photovoltaic panels is collected through the water inlet trough and guided to the storage chamber through the water pipes to irrigate the plant roots.

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