Self-discharging type air suction vibration composite screening device

Abstract

The self-discharging type air suction vibration composite screening device comprises a base and a screening assembly, the screening assembly comprises a screening box, a filter screen and a vibration excitation motor, the screening box is elastically connected with the base, and a first filtrate channel and a second filtrate channel which are separated by a partition plate are arranged in the screening box; a collecting cover with a liquid outlet hole, an air exhaust hole and an overflow hole are arranged at the bottom of the second filtrate channel; the filter screen covers the two filtrate channels, and the liquid treatment capacity of the filter screen in the second filtrate channel section is configured to be larger than the discharge flow of the liquid outlet hole and smaller than the sum of the discharge flow and the maximum overflow flow of the overflow hole. By means of the flow matching relation among the structures, dynamic liquid seal is automatically formed and maintained in the collecting cover, air suction purging dehydration is achieved by means of negative pressure air exhaust while vibration screening is conducted, and the technical problems that an existing screening device is complex and heavy in structure, insufficient in solid phase dehydration, dependent on an external stable air source and high in maintenance cost are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solids control and waste slurry technology in geological drilling, and more specifically to a self-draining air-suction vibration composite screening device. Background Technology

[0002] In geological drilling operations, the control of solids content in drilling fluids traditionally relies on gravity settling tanks for natural sedimentation. This method requires frequent cleaning of the sediment and replenishment of fresh fluid, resulting in significant material waste and low efficiency. In recent years, the application of mechanical centrifugal settling equipment (such as centrifuges) has improved solids control efficiency to some extent. However, if centrifuges are used for primary solids control alone, a large number of coarse particles will directly enter the centrifuge, leading to increased wear and shortened lifespan of its core components. Therefore, the industry generally recognizes the need to add a pretreatment device before centrifugation to screen out larger particles, improve the working conditions of the centrifuge, and form a two-stage solids control process of "screening + centrifugation".

[0003] Currently, the screening devices available on the market are mainly large vibrating screens designed for the oil drilling industry. These devices typically employ multiple screens (e.g., 4-5 screens), resulting in complex structures, large weight, and a large footprint, making them unsuitable for the urgent needs of geological drilling scenarios for lightweight and quickly relocatable equipment. More importantly, these conventional vibrating screens mostly operate on the principle of atmospheric pressure screening, resulting in separated rock cuttings carrying a large amount of free liquid, with a water content as high as 70%. This means that most of the valuable flushing fluid is discarded along with the solid phase, leading to low recovery rates. This not only causes economic losses but also increases the difficulty of subsequent waste disposal and environmental pressure.

[0004] To reduce the moisture content of the discharged solid phase, negative pressure vibrating screen technology has emerged in recent years. For example, pulsed jet negative pressure is generated using external compressed air, or a circulating rolling micro-vibration structure is employed to enhance the dehydration effect. However, these technical solutions introduce new problems: reliance on a stable external air source limits the independent application of the equipment in the field; the added complex moving parts or sealing structures increase manufacturing and maintenance costs and result in a higher failure rate; some integrated negative pressure generation and gas-liquid separation designs suffer from insufficient effective suction force due to structural limitations, or require a taller overall base to accommodate auxiliary equipment, further sacrificing the equipment's portability.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a new self-draining air-suction vibration composite screening device that can ensure efficient solid-liquid separation and particle drying while maintaining a lightweight and simplified structure is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a self-draining air-suction vibration composite screening device, which aims to solve the technical problems of complex and bulky structure and insufficient solid phase dehydration of the existing screening devices.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A self-draining air-suction vibration composite screening device is installed above a flushing liquid circulation tank, comprising: a base and a screening assembly; The screening assembly includes a screen box, a filter screen, a collection hood, and a vibrating motor. The screen box is cylindrical and elastically connected to the base. A partition is fixedly connected to the side wall of the screen box near its bottom end, dividing the bottom space inside the screen box into a first filtrate channel and a second filtrate channel. The filter screen is laid and covers the top of the first and second filtrate channels and is fixedly connected to the screen box. The collection hood is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second filtrate channel with its opening facing upward. A liquid outlet is provided at the bottom of the collection hood. An air extraction hole is provided in the second filtrate channel to communicate with an external air extraction device. An overflow hole is provided below the air extraction hole and above the collection hood to communicate with a flushing liquid circulation pool. The vibrating motor is fixedly connected to the screen box, and its vibration direction is configured to be obliquely forward towards the material conveying direction. The first and second filtrate channels are arranged side by side along the material conveying direction. An inlet is provided above the first filtrate channel, and an outlet is provided at the end of the screen box located in the material conveying direction. The liquid handling capacity of the filter screen laid at the top of the second filtrate channel is configured to be greater than the discharge flow rate of the outlet hole and less than the sum of the discharge flow rate of the outlet hole and the maximum overflow flow rate of the overflow hole.

[0009] Therefore, this invention precisely configures the liquid handling capacity at the inlet of the second filtrate channel to be greater than the discharge flow rate of the outlet hole but less than the sum of its maximum overflow flow rate and that of the overflow hole, thereby automatically forming and maintaining a dynamic liquid seal within the collection hood. This liquid seal ensures airtightness between the filter screen and the collection hood, allowing the negative pressure airflow to pass through the screen at high speed along the single path from the top of the screen box to the exhaust port, achieving efficient air suction and purging of solid particles, significantly reducing the moisture content of the waste residue and improving the recovery rate of the rinsing liquid. On the other hand, the overflow hole can promptly release excess liquid, preventing the liquid level from blocking the exhaust port and ensuring unobstructed airflow and stable operation. This design enables the device to simultaneously achieve composite dehydration of vibrating screening and negative pressure purging, automatic sealing of the drainage mechanism, and self-draining of overflow without the need for complex mechanical seals and external controls. The overall structure is simplified, reliability is improved, and maintenance is more convenient.

[0010] Preferably, the overflow hole is configured to allow unidirectional flow from the inside to the outside of the screen box.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes springs, with multiple springs evenly arranged on both sides of the screen box, the top of the springs being fixedly connected to the screen box, and the bottom of the springs being fixedly connected to the base.

[0012] Preferably, the base includes a base support and a lifting mechanism. Support positions are fixedly connected to the side walls of the screen box near the inlet and outlet. The fixed end of the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected to the base support. The lifting end of the lifting mechanism is arranged opposite to the support position of the screen box near the outlet. Spring elastic support is provided between the support position of the screen box near the inlet and the base support, and between the support position of the screen box near the outlet and the lifting end of the lifting mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting mechanism is a worm gear structure.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a negative pressure fan, the fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the base, and the air extraction end of the negative pressure fan is connected to the air extraction hole through a connecting pipe.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a gas-liquid separator, which is installed on the connecting pipeline.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes an isolation valve, which is installed on the connecting pipeline and located between the gas-liquid separator and the extraction port.

[0017] Preferably, the screening assembly further includes a motor mounting bracket, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screen box, and the fixed end of the vibrating motor is fixedly connected to the motor mounting bracket.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes an overflow pipe, which is fixedly connected to the base support. The input end of the overflow pipe is the inlet of the solid-liquid mixture to be screened, and the overflow port of the overflow pipe is the feed inlet.

[0019] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device, which has the following beneficial effects: Automatic dynamic liquid seal formation: By precisely controlling the filter's processing capacity, the liquid level inside the collection hood is automatically maintained below the air extraction hole and above the overflow hole, ensuring airtightness and preventing liquid from entering the air extraction system.

[0020] Achieving air-suction-vibration composite screening: While vibrating and screening, the solid particles are swept by negative pressure airflow, which significantly reduces the moisture content and improves the recovery rate of the washing liquid.

[0021] Simplified structure and no complex seals required: No additional mechanical seals or external controls are needed. Sealing and overflow are achieved through fluid dynamic self-regulation, reducing manufacturing costs and failure rates. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a self-draining air-suction vibration composite screening device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The attached figure is an exploded schematic diagram of a self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A in the middle; Figure 4 The attached figure is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the screening component provided by the present invention; Figure 5 The attached figure is a partial cross-sectional view of the screening component provided by the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of section B in the middle; Figure 7 The attached figure is a partial cross-sectional view of the overflow pipe provided by the present invention.

[0024] Wherein: 1-base; 2-screening assembly; 3-support frame; 4-spring; 5-negative pressure fan; 6-gas-liquid separator; 7-isolation valve; 8-overflow pipe; 11-base bracket; 12-lifting mechanism; 13-baffle; 14-fixed seat; 21-screen box; 22-filter screen; 23-vibration motor; 24-collection hood; 25-motor mounting bracket; 26-partition; 27-support component; 28-air guide hood; 29-extraction pipe; 50-connecting pipeline; 81-overflow port; 82-input pipe; 211-first filtrate channel; 212-second filtrate channel; 213-extraction port; 214-overflow port; 241-liquid outlet port. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 7The present invention discloses a self-draining air suction vibration composite screening device, which is installed above the flushing liquid circulation tank and includes: a base 1 and a screening component 2; The screening assembly 2 includes a screen box 21, a filter screen 22, a collection cover 24, and a vibration motor 23. The screen box 21 is cylindrical and elastically connected to the base 1. A partition 26 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the screen box 21 near its bottom end. The partition 26 divides the bottom space inside the screen box 21 into a first filtrate channel 211 and a second filtrate channel 212. The filter screen 22 is laid and covers the top of the first filtrate channel 211 and the second filtrate channel 212 and is fixedly connected to the screen box 21. The collection cover 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second filtrate channel 212 with its opening facing upwards. The lower part of the collection cover 24 is equipped with... The outlet 241 and the second filtrate channel 212 are provided with an air extraction hole 213 that communicates with an external air extraction device. An overflow hole 214 that communicates with the flushing liquid circulation pool is provided below the air extraction hole 213 and above the collection cover 24. The excitation motor 23 is fixedly connected to the screen box 21, and its excitation direction is configured to be obliquely forward towards the material conveying direction. The first filtrate channel 211 and the second filtrate channel 212 are arranged side by side along the material conveying direction. An inlet is provided above the first filtrate channel 211, and an outlet is provided at the end of the material conveying process of the screen box 21. The liquid handling capacity of the filter screen 22 laid at the top of the second filtrate channel 212 is configured to be greater than the discharge flow rate of the outlet hole 241 and less than the sum of the discharge flow rate of the outlet hole 241 and the maximum overflow flow rate of the overflow hole 214.

[0027] In this embodiment, the overflow hole 214 is configured for unidirectional flow from the inside to the outside of the screen box 21. This unidirectional flow design prevents liquid in the flushing fluid circulation pool from flowing back into the screen box 21, maintaining a stable internal liquid level.

[0028] Specifically, the overflow hole 214 is located at the outer port of the sieve box 21 and is covered by a cover plate that is hinged to the outer wall of the sieve box 21. When the liquid in the collection hood 24 is higher than the overflow hole 214, the cover plate will automatically open under the pressure of the liquid.

[0029] Specifically, the screening assembly 2 also includes an air guide hood 28, which is long and its length direction is parallel to the height direction of the screen box 21. The air guide hood 28 completely covers the outside of the air extraction hole 213. An air extraction pipe 29 communicating with the inside of the air guide hood 28 is fixedly connected near its top.

[0030] In one embodiment, the device also includes a spring 4, with multiple springs 4 evenly arranged on both sides of the screen box 21. The top end of the spring 4 is fixedly connected to the screen box 21, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the base 1.

[0031] In one embodiment, the base 1 includes a base support 11 and a lifting mechanism 12. Support positions are fixedly connected to the side walls of the screen box 21 near both the inlet and outlet. The fixed end of the lifting mechanism 12 is fixedly connected to the base support 11, and the lifting end of the lifting mechanism 12 is arranged opposite to the support position of the screen box 21 near the outlet. A spring 4 provides elastic support between the support position of the screen box 21 near the inlet and the base support 11, and between the support position of the screen box 21 near the outlet and the lifting end of the lifting mechanism 12. Thus, the tilt of the screen box 21 can be adjusted by the lifting mechanism 12 to adapt to different material properties and processing capacity requirements.

[0032] Specifically, it also includes a support member 27, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the screen box 21 near the feed inlet and the side wall of the air guide hood 28.

[0033] More specifically, the support member 27 and the lifting end of the base bracket 11 or the lifting mechanism 12 are both fixedly connected to the fixed seat 14, and the end of the spring 4 is sleeved and fixed on the fixed seat 14.

[0034] In some embodiments, the lifting mechanism 12 is a worm gear structure. Therefore, the worm gear has a self-locking characteristic, eliminating the need for an additional locking device after adjustment and maintaining the stability of the screen box 21 angle.

[0035] Specifically, it also includes a baffle 13, which is fixedly connected to the base bracket 11 and covers the main body of the lifting mechanism 12.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, a negative pressure fan 5 is also included. The fixed end of the negative pressure fan is fixedly connected to the base 1, and the exhaust end of the negative pressure fan is connected to the exhaust pipe 29 through the connecting pipe 50.

[0037] This embodiment also includes a gas-liquid separator 6, which is installed on the connecting pipe 50. This separates the liquid from the intake gas, preventing liquid from entering the negative pressure fan 5 and causing damage.

[0038] In one embodiment, an isolation valve 7 is also included, which is installed on the connecting pipe 50 and located between the gas-liquid separator 6 and the extraction port 213.

[0039] Specifically, the periodic opening and closing of the isolation valve 7 allows solid particles to be in a state of adsorption by pulsed airflow.

[0040] Specifically, it also includes a support frame 3, which is fixedly connected to the base bracket 11. The negative pressure fan 5 and the gas-liquid separator 6 are both installed on the base bracket 11.

[0041] In some embodiments, the screening assembly 2 further includes a motor mounting bracket 25, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screen box 21, and the fixed end of the vibrating motor 23 is fixedly connected to the motor mounting bracket 25. Thus, the dedicated motor mounting bracket 25 improves the installation stability of the vibrating motor 23, preventing loosening or displacement due to vibration.

[0042] In some other embodiments, an overflow pipe 8 is also included. The overflow pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the base support 11. The input end of the overflow pipe 8 is the inlet of the solid-liquid mixture to be screened, and the overflow port 81 of the overflow pipe 8 is the feed inlet. Thus, the overflow pipe 8 can buffer the incoming material, so that the solid-liquid mixture is evenly distributed on the filter screen 22, avoiding local overload.

[0043] Specifically, the overflow pipe 8 is a pipe arranged parallel to the height of the screen box 21 and its top end is bent downwards. The bottom end of the overflow pipe 8 is fixed with an input pipe 82 that is connected to the external material supply equipment through a pipeline.

[0044] The specific principle of the self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device provided in this embodiment is as follows: The solid-liquid mixture to be processed enters from the inlet of the overflow pipe 8 and falls onto the filter screen 22 above the first filtrate channel 211 via the overflow port 81. The excitation motor 23 starts, driving the screen box 21 to generate directional vibration under the support of the spring 4, causing the material to be conveyed in a jumping manner along the surface of the filter screen 22 towards the discharge port.

[0045] During this process, most of the liquid, under the influence of gravity and vibration, passes directly through the filter screen 22 above the first filtrate channel 211 and flows into the rinsing liquid circulation tank below. The material containing more fine particles and residual liquid enters the area of ​​the second filtrate channel 212.

[0046] The second filtrate channel 212 is the core area of ​​the device for achieving "air-suction combined dehydration". The collection hood 24 below it continuously discharges liquid through the outlet hole 241. Simultaneously, the negative pressure fan 5 draws air from inside the second filtrate channel 212 through the connecting pipe 50 and the air extraction port 213, creating a stable negative pressure below the filter screen 22. This negative pressure plays two key roles: Enhanced dehydration: High-speed airflow penetrates the filter screen 22 above the second filtrate channel 212, powerfully sweeping away the wet particles on the screen surface, stripping the free liquid from the surface and pores, and significantly reducing the final water content of the solid phase.

[0047] A dynamic liquid seal is formed: the liquid handling capacity of the filter screen 22 above the second filtrate channel 212 is controlled to be greater than the discharge flow rate of the outlet hole 241, but less than the sum of the flow rate of the outlet hole 241 and the maximum overflow flow rate of the overflow hole 214. This causes the liquid flowing into the collection hood 24 to be slightly faster than the discharge speed, and the liquid level rises slowly. When the liquid level rises to the overflow hole 214, the excess liquid automatically overflows back into the circulation pool through the overflow hole 214, thereby stabilizing the liquid level below the suction hole 213 and near the overflow hole 214. This stable liquid column naturally forms a reliable "liquid seal" within the collection hood 24, ensuring that the negative pressure airflow can only be drawn in from the upper filter screen 22 and will not leak from the lower side, achieving airtightness of the air passage without the need for a mechanical seal.

[0048] The solid particles, after undergoing dual dehydration via vibration conveying and negative pressure air suction, are finally discharged from the outlet, becoming the oversize material with low moisture content. The separated liquid is partially returned to the circulation tank via the first filtrate channel 211, and partially returned via the outlet hole 241 and overflow hole 214 below the second filtrate channel 212, thus recovering the rinsing liquid. Any small amount of liquid droplets that may be carried during the air extraction process are separated and treated by the gas-liquid separator 6 to protect the negative pressure fan 5.

[0049] In summary, this device achieves efficient, continuous, and stable solid-liquid separation by organically combining vibrating screening, negative pressure air suction dehydration, and dynamic liquid seal self-regulating drainage. It also particularly enhances the ability to reduce the water content of the solid phase and recover the liquid phase, while maintaining the simplicity of the structure and the reliability of operation.

[0050] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0051] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A self-draining air-suction vibration composite screening device, installed above a flushing liquid circulation tank, characterized in that, include: Base (1) and screening assembly (2); The screening assembly (2) includes a sieve box (21), a filter screen (22), a collection cover (24), and a vibrating motor (23). The sieve box (21) is cylindrical and elastically connected to the base (1). A partition (26) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sieve box (21) near its bottom end. The partition (26) divides the bottom space inside the sieve box (21) into a first filtrate channel (211) and a second filtrate channel (212). The filter screen (22) is laid and covers the top of the first filtrate channel (211) and the second filtrate channel (212) and is fixedly connected to the sieve box (21). The collection cover (24) has its opening facing upward and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second filtrate channel (212). The collection hood (24) has a liquid outlet (241) at its low position. The second filtrate channel (212) has an air extraction hole (213) that communicates with an external air extraction device. An overflow hole (214) that communicates with the flushing liquid circulation pool is opened below the air extraction hole (213) and above the collection hood (24). The excitation motor (23) is fixedly connected to the screen box (21), and its excitation direction is configured to be obliquely forward toward the material conveying direction. The first filtrate channel (211) and the second filtrate channel (212) are arranged side by side along the material conveying direction. An inlet is arranged above the first filtrate channel (211). The screen box (21) has an outlet at the end of the material conveying. The liquid handling capacity of the filter screen (22) laid at the top of the second filtrate channel (212) is configured to be greater than the discharge flow rate of the outlet hole (241) and less than the sum of the discharge flow rate of the outlet hole (241) and the maximum overflow flow rate of the overflow hole (214).

2. The self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overflow hole (214) is configured to allow unidirectional flow from the inside to the outside of the screen box (21).

3. The self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes springs (4), a plurality of springs (4) are evenly arranged on both sides of the screen box (21), the top end of the springs (4) is fixedly connected to the screen box (21), and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the base (1).

4. The self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base (1) includes a base support (11) and a lifting mechanism (12). The side walls of the screen box (21) near the inlet and outlet are fixedly connected to support positions. The fixed end of the lifting mechanism (12) is fixedly connected to the base support (11). The lifting end of the lifting mechanism (12) is arranged opposite to the support position of the screen box (21) near the outlet. The spring (4) is elastically supported between the support position of the screen box (21) near the inlet and the base support (11), and between the support position of the screen box (21) near the outlet and the lifting end of the lifting mechanism (12).

5. The self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism (12) is a worm gear structure.

6. The self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a negative pressure fan (5), the fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the base (1), and the air extraction end of which is connected to the air extraction hole (213) through a connecting pipe (50).

7. The self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a gas-liquid separator (6), which is installed on the connecting pipe (50).

8. The self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an isolation valve (7), which is installed on the connecting pipe (50) and located between the gas-liquid separator (6) and the extraction port (213).

9. The self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening assembly (2) also includes a motor mounting bracket (25), which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screen box (21), and the fixed end of the excitation motor (23) is fixedly connected to the motor mounting bracket (25).

10. A self-discharging air-suction vibration composite screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an overflow pipe (8), which is fixedly connected to the base bracket (11). The input end of the overflow pipe (8) is the inlet of the solid-liquid mixture to be screened, and the overflow port (81) of the overflow pipe (8) is the feed inlet.

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