Processing and mixing device and processing method of biochar organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention provides a processing and mixing device for a biochar organic fertilizer and a processing method, and relates to the field of organic fertilizers. The processing and mixing device for the biochar organic fertilizer comprises a shell, a stirring shaft is rotationally connected to the middle of the interior of the shell, a plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the upper portion of the stirring shaft, a square rod is arranged on the lower middle portion of the stirring shaft, a rotating disc is in an inverted circular truncated cone shape, and a plurality of circular truncated cone-shaped conical balls are rotationally attached to the upper portion of the periphery of the rotating disc. A conical hole with the inner diameter becoming larger outwards is formed in the inclined face of each conical ball, a through pipe penetrates through the middle of the bottom of each conical ball, the upper portion of each through pipe is communicated with the inner diameter of the small end of the corresponding conical hole, and a ridge position is arranged on the outer side of the gear and is in contact and meshed with the rotary disc in the shell. The biochar with adsorption capacity is prepared and applied together with the organic fertilizer to form particles at the same time, so that the utilization rate of phosphorus in soil is effectively increased, and leaching loss of phosphorus in the organic fertilizer is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer, in particular to a processing and mixing device and method for biochar organic fertilizer. BACKGROUND

[0002] Soil phosphorus is one of the important nutrients necessary for plant growth, and has an important influence on crop yield and quality. However, due to the strong fixation of soil phosphorus, the utilization rate of plants is generally low, resulting in the large use of phosphorus fertilizer and causing environmental pollution. Therefore, how to improve the utilization rate of soil phosphorus and reduce the waste of phosphorus fertilizer has become a problem to be solved in the current agricultural technology field.

[0003] As a commonly used farmyard manure, organic fertilizer can convert phosphorus from non-dissolved state to available state, promote the dissolution of phosphorus, reduce the fixation of phosphorus, and enhance the mobility and availability of phosphorus. However, this does not mean that organic fertilizer is completely safe, and excessive use of organic fertilizer can also cause the migration of phosphorus, and the slow mineralization and release of organic fertilizer phosphorus, which can easily cause the accumulation of phosphorus.

[0004] The special pore structure of biochar can reduce the risk of phosphorus leaching, and its special properties can better fix available phosphorus and efficiently utilize phosphorus nutrients. In addition, cow dung biochar contains higher P content, and can also complex with Ca2+ adsorbed on the oxygen-containing functional groups of biochar, releasing Ca2+ bridged P adsorbed on biochar. However, it cannot be used as a long-term and sufficient nutrient source for plants, because the metal ions contained in biochar can act as phosphorus absorption sites, and long-term application may reduce the availability of phosphorus. Therefore, the effect of simply using biochar or organic fertilizer to improve the utilization rate of soil phosphorus is limited, and it is necessary to seek a more effective soil improvement method to improve the utilization rate of soil phosphorus and promote the healthy growth of crops.

[0005] In actual use, most of the existing biochar organic fertilizer is in a scattered state, not in a shaped state, and the integrated nutrient elements are unbalanced. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a processing and mixing device and method for biochar organic fertilizer, which solves the problem that most of the existing biochar organic fertilizer is in a scattered state, not in a shaped state, and the integrated nutrient elements are unbalanced in actual use.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: A processing and mixing device for biochar organic fertilizer, comprising a shell, a stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the middle part of the shell, a plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the upper part of the stirring shaft, a rotating disc is arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the stirring shaft, a square bar is arranged on the middle and lower part of the stirring shaft, the rotating disc is an inverted circular truncated cone, a plurality of conical balls in the shape of a circular truncated cone are rotatably attached to the upper part of the outer periphery of the rotating disc, the conical balls are arranged between the rotating disc and the inner wall of the shell, a bearing disc is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, a circular arc-shaped through hole is arranged on the bearing disc, a conical hole with an inner diameter increasing outward is arranged on the inclined surface of each conical ball, a through pipe is arranged through the bottom and middle part of each conical ball, and the upper part of the through pipe is connected in communication with the small end inner diameter of the conical hole, a gear is slidably arranged on the square bar, a limiting plate for limiting the gear is arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the square bar, and a notch is arranged on the outer side of the gear and in contact with the rotating disc and the shell.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the stirring shaft is connected with a motor through a speed reducer.

[0009] Preferably, the conical balls are arranged on the upper part of the bearing disc.

[0010] Preferably, two spiral-shaped flaps are arranged on the rotating shaft between the stirring rods and the rotating disc, the lower part of the flaps is attached to the top of the rotating disc, and a flapping rod is arranged on one side of the bottom of the bearing disc.

[0011] Preferably, a gear slot is arranged on the bottom of the rotating disc for intermittent cooperation with the gear, and the upper end of the square bar extends into the gear slot.

[0012] Preferably, a working groove is arranged on the side wall of the shell, a limiting rod is arranged in the working groove, a two-link rod is arranged through the limiting rod, a sliding groove for the working of the limiting rod is arranged on the two-link rod, a limiting block is hingedly connected to one end of the two-link rod, the limiting block is rotatably connected with the gear, and an electric telescopic rod is hingedly connected to the other end of the two-link rod, a fixed block is hingedly connected to the bottom of the electric telescopic rod, and the fixed block is fixed on the outer wall of the shell.

[0013] Preferably, an inclined bottom plate is arranged on the inner bottom of the shell, one side of the lower end of the bottom plate penetrates the shell and extends, and the stirring shaft penetrates the bottom plate.

[0014] Preferably, a processing method of the processing and mixing device for biochar organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step S1, respectively, the organic fertilizer and the collected cow dung are dried, crushed and sieved, the organic fertilizer and the cow dung are placed in the indoor ventilation, and the natural air drying is 3-5 days, the electric grinder is used for crushing the organic fertilizer and the cow dung, and the 100 mesh sieve is used, the sieved cow dung powder is pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis temperature is 400 or 700 DEG C, the pyrolysis time is 6h, the cow dung biochar is obtained, the cow dung biochar is mixed with the organic fertilizer, the prepared cow dung biochar is mixed with the sieved organic fertilizer according to the proportion of 7:3 or 3:7;

[0016] Step S2, the prepared cow dung biochar is sieved and put into the shell, at this time, the gear and the gear groove are separated from each other, the motor is started to drive the stirring rod to stir the cow dung biochar through the stirring shaft, then the electric telescopic rod drives the limiting block to push the gear into the gear groove through the two connecting rods, at this time, the stirring shaft drives the rotating disc to rotate, the stirring shaft drives the cow dung biochar into the tapered ball between the stirring rod through the stirring piece, the rotating disc drives the tapered ball to roll, the tapered hole on the tapered ball collects the cow dung biochar and reduces and extrudes the cow dung biochar through the pipe, and then the cow dung biochar is guided out of the pipe and enters the through hole, with the rotation and movement of the tapered ball, the cylindrical cow dung biochar is broken at the stirring rod and falls into the inclined bottom plate and is collected, and the biochar organic fertilizer particles are obtained.

[0017] The application provides a kind of biochar organic fertilizer processing mixing device and processing method.There is the following beneficial effect:

[0018] The application is prepared by sieving the cow dung biochar and putting it into the shell, at this time, the gear and the gear groove are separated from each other, the motor is started to drive the stirring rod to stir the cow dung biochar through the stirring shaft, then the electric telescopic rod drives the limiting block to push the gear into the gear groove through the two connecting rods, at this time, the stirring shaft drives the rotating disc to rotate, the stirring shaft drives the cow dung biochar into the tapered ball between the stirring rod through the stirring piece, the rotating disc drives the tapered ball to roll, the tapered hole on the tapered ball collects the cow dung biochar and reduces and extrudes the cow dung biochar through the pipe, and then the cow dung biochar is guided out of the pipe and enters the through hole, with the rotation and movement of the tapered ball, the cylindrical cow dung biochar is broken at the stirring rod and falls into the inclined bottom plate and is collected, and the biochar organic fertilizer particles are obtained, using cow dung as the substrate of biochar, biochar is obtained by high-temperature anaerobic firing, and is applied with organic fertilizer, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of phosphorus, biochar with adsorption capacity is prepared and applied with organic fertilizer to form particles, the application effectively improves the utilization rate of phosphorus in soil and reduces the leaching of phosphorus in organic fertilizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is the front view of the application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the conical ball bearing of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the carrier disk of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the mounting structure of the gear according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0025] The components are as follows: 1. Shell; 2. Stirring rod; 3. Base plate; 4. Motor; 5. Stirring shaft; 6. Turntable; 7. Paddle; 8. Conical ball bearing; 9. Conical hole; 10. Bearing plate; 11. Through hole; 12. Paddle rod; 13. Limiting plate; 14. Limiting block; 15. Gear; 16. Gear groove; 17. Square rod; 18. Two-link rod; 19. Limiting rod; 20. Electric telescopic rod; 21. Working groove; 22. Fixing block. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a processing and mixing device for biochar organic fertilizer, including a housing 1. A stirring shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the center of the housing 1. Multiple stirring rods 2 are arranged on the upper part of the stirring shaft 5. A turntable 6 is arranged on the outer side of the center of the stirring shaft 5. A square rod 7 is arranged on the lower part of the stirring shaft 5. The turntable 6 is an inverted frustum shape. Multiple frustum-shaped conical balls 8 are rotatably attached to the upper outer periphery of the turntable 6. The conical balls 8 are disposed between the turntable 6 and the inner wall of the housing 1. A bearing is provided on the inner wall of the housing 1. The carrier plate 10 has an arc-shaped through hole 11. Each conical ball 8 has a conical hole 9 on its inclined surface that increases in size from the inner radial direction to the outer radial direction. A through pipe passes through the middle of the bottom of each conical ball 8, and the upper part of the through pipe is connected to the inner diameter of the small end of the conical hole 9. A gear 15 is slidably mounted on the square rod 17. A limiting plate 13 for limiting the gear 15 is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the square rod 17. The gear 15 has a ridge on its outer side, and the ridge contacts and engages with the turntable 6 and the housing 1 respectively.

[0029] The bottom of the stirring shaft 5 is connected with a motor 4 through a speed reducer for driving source.

[0030] The conical ball 8 is arranged on the upper portion of the bearing disc 10 for limiting and supporting.

[0031] Two spiral-shaped pushers 7 are arranged on the rotating shaft 5 between the stirring rod 2 and the rotating disc 6, the lower portion of the pusher 7 is attached to the top of the rotating disc 6, and the bottom side of the bearing disc 10 is provided with a push rod 12.

[0032] The bottom of the rotating disc 6 is provided with a tooth groove 16 for intermittent cooperation with a gear 15, and the upper end of a square rod 17 extends into the tooth groove 16.

[0033] A working groove 21 is formed in the side wall of the shell 1, and a limiting rod 19 is arranged in the working groove 21, the limiting rod 19 penetrates the two connecting rods 18, the two connecting rods 18 are provided with a sliding groove for the working of the limiting rod 19, one end of the two connecting rods 18 is hinged with a limiting block 14, the limiting block 14 is rotationally connected with the gear 15, the other end of the two connecting rods 18 is hinged with an electric telescopic rod 20, the bottom of the electric telescopic rod 20 is hinged with a fixed block 22, the fixed block 22 is fixed on the outer wall of the shell 1, and the rotating disc 6 and the stirring shaft 5 are connected.

[0034] An inclined bottom plate 3 is arranged at the inner bottom of the shell 1, one side of the lower end of the bottom plate 3 penetrates the shell 1 and extends, and the stirring shaft 5 penetrates the bottom plate 3 for discharging.

[0035] Embodiment two:

[0036] Referring to Figures 1-6 The processing method of the processing and mixing device for the biochar organic fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0037] In step S1, the organic fertilizer and the collected cow dung are dried, crushed and sieved respectively, the organic fertilizer and the cow dung are placed in a ventilated indoor place and naturally dried for 3-5 days, the organic fertilizer and the cow dung are crushed by using an electric crusher, and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve, the sieved cow dung powder is subjected to pyrolysis treatment to obtain cow dung biochar, the pyrolysis treatment temperature is 400 or 700 DEG C, the pyrolysis treatment time is 6h, the cow dung biochar is obtained, and the cow dung biochar is mixed with the organic fertilizer, the prepared cow dung biochar is mixed with the sieved organic fertilizer according to a ratio of 7:3 or 3:7.

[0038] Step S2, the prepared cow dung biochar sieve into the shell 1, at this time the gear 15 and the gear slot 16 separate each other, start the motor 4 makes it through the stirring shaft 5 driven stirring rod 2 stirring cow dung biochar, then, electric telescopic rod 20 through two connecting rod 18 makes the limit block 14 gear 15 into the gear slot 16, at this time the stirring shaft 5 rotation drives the rotating disc 6 rotation, stirring shaft 5 through the piece 7 will be cow dung biochar into the tapered ball 8 between, rotating disc 6 rotation makes the tapered ball 8 rolling, the tapered hole 9 above the tapered ball 8 will be cow dung biochar collection and through the pipe to reduce extrusion, make cow dung biochar from the pipe guide into the through hole 11, with the rotation of the tapered ball 8, cylindrical cow dung biochar from the lever 12 is broken and falls into the inclined bottom plate 3 and is collected, obtain biochar organic fertilizer particles.

[0039] While the embodiments of the application have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A processing mixing device of biochar organic fertilizer, comprising a shell (1), characterized in that: The middle part of the shell (1) is rotationally connected with an agitating shaft (5), the upper part of the agitating shaft (5) is provided with a plurality of agitating rods (2), the middle part of the agitating shaft (5) is provided with a rotating disc (6) on the outside, the middle and lower part of the agitating shaft (5) is provided with a square bar (7), the rotating disc (6) is an inverted circular truncated cone, a plurality of conical balls (8) in the shape of circular truncated cone are rotationally attached to the upper part of the outer periphery of the rotating disc (6), the conical balls (8) are arranged between the rotating disc (6) and the inner wall of the shell (1), a bearing disc (10) is arranged on the inner wall of the shell (1), the bearing disc (10) is provided with a circular arc shaped through hole (11), the inclined surface of each conical ball (8) is provided with a conical hole (9) with an inner diameter increasing from inside to outside, the bottom of each conical ball (8) is penetrated by a through pipe, and the upper part of the through pipe is connected with the small end inner diameter of the conical hole (9), the square bar (17) is slidingly provided with a gear (15) on the upper part, the lower end of the square bar (17) is provided with a limiting plate (13) for limiting the gear (15), the outer side of the gear (15) is provided with a limiting position, and the limiting position is in contact and engagement with the rotating disc (6) and the shell (1) respectively.

2. The processing and mixing device of the biochar organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the agitating shaft (5) is connected with a motor (4) through a speed reducer.

3. The processing and mixing device of the biochar organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical balls (8) are arranged on the upper part of the bearing disc (10).

4. The processing and mixing device of the biochar organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two spiral-shaped flaps (7) are arranged on the rotating shaft (5) between the agitating rods (2) and the rotating disc (6), the lower part of the flap (7) is attached to the top of the rotating disc (6), and the bottom of the bearing disc (10) is provided with a flap rod (12) on one side.

5. The processing and mixing device of biochar organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the rotating disc (6) is provided with a gear slot (16) for intermittent cooperation with the gear (15), and the upper end of the square bar (17) extends into the gear slot (16).

6. The processing and mixing device of biochar organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A working groove (21) is arranged on the side wall of the shell (1), a limiting rod (19) is arranged in the working groove (21), the limiting rod (19) is penetrated by a two-link rod (18), the two-link rod (18) is provided with a sliding groove for the working of the limiting rod (19), one end of the two-link rod (18) is hingedly connected with a limiting block (14), the limiting block (14) is rotationally connected with the gear (15), the other end of the two-link rod (18) is hingedly connected with an electric telescopic rod (20), the bottom of the electric telescopic rod (20) is hingedly connected with a fixing block (22), and the fixing block (22) is fixed on the outer wall of the shell (1).

7. The processing and mixing device of biochar organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined bottom plate (3) is arranged on the inner bottom of the shell (1), one side of the lower end of the bottom plate (3) penetrates the shell (1) and extends, and the agitating shaft (5) penetrates the bottom plate (3).

8. The processing method of the processing mixing device of the biochar organic fertilizer according to claims 1-7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, respectively, the organic fertilizer and the collected cow dung are dried, crushed and sieved, the organic fertilizer and the cow dung are placed in the indoor ventilation, natural air drying 3-5 days, using the electric grinder to crush the organic fertilizer and the cow dung, and sieve 100 mesh, the sieved cow dung powder is pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis temperature is 400 or 700℃, the pyrolysis time is 6h, the cow dung biochar is obtained, the cow dung biochar is mixed with the organic fertilizer, the prepared cow dung biochar is mixed with the sieved organic fertilizer according to the proportion of 7:3 or 3:7; Step S2, the prepared cow dung biochar is sieved and put into the shell (1), the gear (15) and the gear slot (16) are separated from each other at this time, the motor (4) is started to drive the stirring rod (2) through the stirring shaft (5) to stir the cow dung biochar, then the electric telescopic rod (20) drives the limiting block (14) to push the gear (15) into the gear slot (16) through the two connecting rods (18), at this time, the stirring shaft (5) drives the rotating disc (6) to rotate, the stirring shaft (5) drives the cow dung biochar into the tapered ball (8) through the paddle (7), the rotating disc (6) rotates to make the tapered ball (8) roll, the tapered hole (9) on the tapered ball (8) collects the cow dung biochar and reduces and extrudes through the pipe, the cow dung biochar is discharged from the pipe and then enters the through hole (11), with the rotation of the tapered ball (8), the cylindrical cow dung biochar is broken at the push rod (12) and falls into the inclined bottom plate (3) and is collected, and the biochar organic fertilizer particles are obtained.

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