Crankshaft automatic laser marking production line and using method thereof
By designing an automated laser marking production line for crankshafts, and using components such as conveying mechanisms, positioning fixtures, and photoelectric sensors, automated and unmanned continuous operation of crankshaft marking has been achieved. This solves the problems of low efficiency, inaccurate positioning, and difficulty in data traceability in existing technologies, thereby improving production efficiency and marking quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing crankshaft laser marking technology suffers from low efficiency due to manual loading and unloading, inaccurate positioning, difficulty in meeting high-cycle demands with a single-station mode, and a lack of automated verification methods, resulting in poor marking consistency and accuracy and the inability to achieve data traceability.
An automated laser marking production line for crankshafts was designed, including a conveying mechanism, a positioning fixture assembly, a photoelectric sensor, a marking mechanism, and a control mechanism. It realizes automatic loading and unloading, adaptive focusing, online quality judgment and data traceability. The workpiece position is detected by the photoelectric sensor, the ranging and positioning assembly performs non-contact ranging, and the error prevention assembly performs real-time verification, forming a closed-loop control of the entire process.
It has enabled automated and unmanned continuous operation of crankshaft marking, improved production efficiency and marking quality, ensured marking accuracy and consistency, and achieved high-cycle production and data traceability.
Smart Images
Figure CN121733022A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser marking, in particular to a crankshaft automatic laser marking production line and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] Laser marking technology has been widely used in the marking of key components such as automobile engine crankshafts to achieve product traceability and quality control. However, the existing technical solutions for laser marking of crankshafts still have obvious limitations. Among them, some equipment relies on manual feeding and clamping positioning, which not only has high labor intensity and low efficiency, but also manual placement of crankshafts can easily cause position deviation, affecting the consistency and accuracy of marking. In addition, the existing equipment often uses single-station marking mode, which is difficult to match the rhythm demand of modern mass production, and the production cycle of the whole line is long, which becomes the bottleneck of production capacity improvement. In addition, there is a lack of automatic verification means after marking, which cannot ensure the correctness and readability of the marked content, and the marking information is not effectively associated and stored with the workpiece identity information, making it difficult to realize closed-loop management of production data and quality traceability.
[0003] It can be seen that the existing technology cannot realize automatic feeding, conveying positioning, self-adaptive focusing, marking, online quality determination and data traceability of the whole process, high rhythm and unmanned continuous operation of the crankshaft marking operation. SUMMARY
[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a crankshaft automatic laser marking production line and a use method thereof, which can realize automatic feeding, conveying positioning, self-adaptive focusing, marking, online quality determination and data traceability of the whole process, high rhythm and unmanned continuous operation of the crankshaft marking operation, improve the operation efficiency and ensure the marking quality.
[0005] The technical solution of the present application is as follows: In a first aspect of the present application, a crankshaft automatic laser marking production line is provided, comprising a conveying mechanism, a plurality of positioning jig assemblies and photoelectric sensors are arranged on the conveying mechanism, and a crankshaft workpiece is arranged on the positioning jig assemblies; one end of the conveying mechanism is provided with a feeding mechanism, one side of the conveying mechanism is provided with a marking mechanism and a control mechanism, the marking mechanism is provided with a moving assembly, a distance measuring and positioning assembly and a error-proofing assembly, one end of the moving assembly close to the conveying mechanism is provided with a marking head, and the control mechanism is in communication connection with the conveying mechanism, the photoelectric sensor, the feeding mechanism, the moving assembly, the distance measuring and positioning assembly and the error-proofing assembly.
[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, the photoelectric sensor is arranged on the conveying mechanism at a position corresponding to the marking mechanism, and is used to detect the position of the crankshaft workpiece. In some embodiments of the present application, the bottom of the conveying mechanism is provided with a support frame, the support frame is provided with a rotatable chain assembly, the chain assembly is arranged in an annular structure, the lower part of the chain assembly is provided with an oil groove, the chain assembly is provided with a bending plate at intervals, and the bending plate is provided with a positioning jig assembly. In some embodiments of the present application, the chain assembly is provided with a chain roller boss at both ends of the chain assembly and the support frame, and the support frame is provided with a bracket assembly, the bracket assembly includes an upper bracket and a lower bracket, the upper bracket is arranged below the chain roller boss of the upper chain assembly, and the lower bracket is arranged below the chain roller boss of the lower chain assembly. In some embodiments of the present application, the positioning jig assembly includes a tool base plate, the tool base plate is mounted on the conveying mechanism, a front tool and a rear tool are detachably mounted on the top of the tool base plate, a limiting block is detachably mounted on the side of the rear tool away from the tool base plate of the front tool, and a crankshaft workpiece is mounted on the front tool and the rear tool. In some embodiments of the present application, the top of the front tool is provided with a V-shaped groove, the V-shaped groove is provided with a buffer pad at a contact position of the V-shaped groove and the crankshaft workpiece, and the V-shaped groove is used for placing a journal of one end of the crankshaft workpiece. The top of the rear tool is detachably provided with two positioning blocks, the two positioning blocks are oppositely arranged at intervals to form a mounting groove, the mounting groove is used for placing a journal of the other end of the crankshaft workpiece, the two positioning blocks are provided with a buffer pad at a contact position of the two positioning blocks and the journal of the crankshaft workpiece, and the contact position of the two positioning blocks and the journal of the crankshaft workpiece is matched with an external contour of the crankshaft workpiece. In some embodiments of the present application, the marking mechanism is provided with a box structure, the box structure is provided with a moving assembly and a display assembly, the moving assembly is provided with a Z-axis module, a Y-axis module is mounted at the output end of the Z-axis module, the Y-axis module can move up and down along the vertical direction under the drive of the Z-axis module, a marking head is mounted at the output end of the Y-axis module, and the marking head can move close to or away from the conveying mechanism under the drive of the Y-axis module. The Z-axis module and the Y-axis module are both arranged as linear ball screw modules. In some embodiments of the present application, the side of the Y-axis module close to the marking head is further provided with a distance measuring positioning assembly, one end of the distance measuring positioning assembly close to the conveying mechanism is provided with a rotary air cylinder, a distance measuring instrument is mounted at the output end of the rotary air cylinder, the distance measuring instrument can move to a measuring position between the marking head and the conveying assembly under the drive of the rotary air cylinder, and the measuring position is configured such that, when the distance measuring instrument is in the measuring position, the detection axis of the distance measuring instrument is coaxially arranged with the axis of the galvanometer light outlet of the marking head. The Y-axis module is also provided with a blowing assembly close to the position of the marking head. In some embodiments of the present application, the error-proofing component is configured as an industrial code scanning gun for reading the marking information on the crankshaft workpiece and uploading to the control mechanism, which compares the marking information with the preset coding rule. In the second aspect of the present application, a use method of the crankshaft automatic laser marking production line is provided, comprising: According to the size of the crankshaft workpiece to be processed, the positioning jig assembly is assembled so that the two ends of the crankshaft workpiece can be positioned and clamped with the front tooling and the rear tooling in the positioning jig assembly, respectively. The crankshaft workpiece is placed on the positioning jig assembly on the conveying mechanism through the feeding mechanism, and the crankshaft workpiece and the positioning jig assembly leave a small part of the space, and during the conveying process to the marking station, the crankshaft workpiece shakes and moves downward by its own weight, and is firmly clamped with the front tooling and the rear tooling. The conveying mechanism conveys the crankshaft workpiece to the marking mechanism, and when the photoelectric sensor corresponding to the marking mechanism detects that the crankshaft workpiece is in place, the crankshaft workpiece reaches the marking station. According to the specifications and marking requirements of the crankshaft workpiece, the control mechanism controls the marking head to reach the preset position, wherein the Z-axis module drives the Y-axis module to reach the set marking height. The rotating cylinder in the distance measuring positioning assembly drives the distance measuring instrument to rotate between the marking head and the crankshaft workpiece to be marked, measures the distance of the marking surface of the crankshaft workpiece and sends the distance data to the control mechanism, and then the rotating cylinder drives the distance measuring instrument to rotate away from between the marking head and the crankshaft workpiece to be marked. The control mechanism controls the Y-axis module to further control the marking head to adjust the focal length according to the distance data, and after the focusing is completed, the laser marking of the marking surface of the crankshaft workpiece is performed. The crankshaft workpiece after marking is conveyed to the code scanning station of the error-proofing component, the error-proofing component reads the marking information and feeds back to the control mechanism, the control mechanism compares and verifies the marking information with the preset coding rule to obtain the code scanning result. For the crankshaft workpiece with qualified code scanning result, the next station performs unloading, and the control mechanism stores the marking information, distance data and code scanning result of the crankshaft workpiece.
[0007] The one or more technical solutions of the present application have the following beneficial effects: This invention achieves full automation from loading and conveying to positioning through the cooperation of a feeding mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a positioning fixture assembly and a photoelectric sensor. The positioning fixture assembly adopts a detachable, adjustable-spacing front and rear tooling structure, combined with a V-groove with a buffer pad and a positioning block design, so that the crankshaft workpiece can achieve self-adaptive positioning without power by relying on its own weight during the conveying process, which greatly reduces manual intervention and significantly improves positioning consistency and accuracy. This invention constructs a continuous conveying system based on a ring chain assembly and a multi-positioning fixture assembly, forming a multi-station assembly line operation mode. The control mechanism coordinates the operation rhythm of the feeding mechanism, conveying mechanism, marking mechanism and error prevention components, realizing seamless connection between processes, enabling the production process to proceed continuously and coherently, and effectively improving the overall production rhythm and capacity.
[0008] This invention incorporates a ranging and positioning component and an error-proofing component, combined with a control mechanism to achieve closed-loop quality control of the marking process. The ranging and positioning component uses a rotary cylinder to drive a rangefinder for non-contact ranging, providing precise data for the focusing adjustment of the marking mechanism and ensuring marking clarity. The error-proofing component uses an industrial barcode scanner to read and verify the marking content in real time, preventing defective products from leaving the site. All process data is stored in association by the control mechanism, forming a traceable production data chain, achieving end-to-end quality control and traceability from marking and testing to data management. Attached Figure Description
[0009] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automated laser marking production line for crankshafts provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig. 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning fixture assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig. 4 This is a schematic diagram of the marking mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0010] In the diagram: 1. Conveying mechanism; 2. Positioning fixture assembly; 3. Feeding mechanism; 4. Distance measuring and positioning assembly; 5. Marking mechanism; 6. Error prevention assembly; 7. Control mechanism; 8. Chain assembly; 9. Bracket; 10. Oil tank; 11. Bending plate; 12. Front tooling; 13. Photoelectric sensor; 14. Buffer pad; 15. Rear tooling; 16. Limit block; 17. Tooling base plate; 18. Positioning block; 19. Rangefinder; 20. Galvanometer light outlet; 21. Rotary cylinder; 22. Air blowing assembly; 23. Y-axis module; 24. Z-axis module; 25. Box structure; 26. Chain roller boss. Detailed Implementation
[0011] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0012] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figs. 1 to 4 As shown, an automated laser marking production line for crankshafts is proposed, including a conveying mechanism 1. The conveying mechanism 1 is equipped with several positioning fixture assemblies 2 and photoelectric sensors 13. Crankshaft workpieces are placed on the positioning fixture assemblies 2. A feeding mechanism 3 is provided at one end of the conveying mechanism 1, and a marking mechanism 5 and a control mechanism 7 are provided on one side of the conveying mechanism 1. The marking mechanism 5 is equipped with a moving component, a ranging and positioning component 4 and an error-proofing component 6. A marking head is provided at the end of the moving component near the conveying mechanism 1. The control mechanism 7 is communicatively connected to the conveying mechanism 1, the photoelectric sensors 13, the feeding mechanism 3, the moving component, the ranging and positioning component 4 and the error-proofing component 6.
[0013] By integrating a conveyor mechanism 1, a positioning fixture assembly 2, a photoelectric sensor 13, a feeding mechanism 3, a marking mechanism 5, and a control mechanism 7, a highly collaborative automated production line was constructed. This achieved closed-loop management of the entire crankshaft marking process, from workpiece loading, in-transit transport, precise positioning, automatic marking, to process monitoring. The conveyor mechanism 1 is responsible for carrying and transporting the workpiece; the positioning fixture assembly 2 provides physical support and a preliminary positioning reference for the crankshaft workpiece; the photoelectric sensor 13 senses the workpiece's position in real time; the feeding mechanism 3 automatically loads the crankshaft workpiece; the marking mechanism 5 integrates components that perform marking and related focusing functions; and the control mechanism 7 communicates and coordinates all mechanisms and components to ensure orderly operation. This transforms the traditional, discrete operation mode that relies on manual intervention into a continuous, automatic, and controllable assembly line operation mode, significantly improving the continuity, stability, and overall efficiency of production, laying the foundation for high-cycle, unmanned production.
[0014] The photoelectric sensor 13 is installed on the conveying mechanism 1 at the position corresponding to the marking mechanism 5, and is used to detect the position of the crankshaft workpiece. The photoelectric sensor 13 is set at the position corresponding to the marking station, so that it can be used to detect whether the crankshaft workpiece has been accurately delivered to the marking position. When the photoelectric sensor 13 detects that the workpiece has arrived, it will immediately send a signal to the control mechanism 7. The control mechanism 7 can trigger a series of subsequent actions such as distance measurement, focusing and marking, to ensure that the marking action is only performed when the workpiece is in the correct position. This avoids problems such as marking position deviation, dry marking or mis-marking caused by inaccurate delivery stop position or signal asynchrony, and greatly improves the position accuracy and reliability of the marking process.
[0015] The bottom of the conveying mechanism 1 is provided with a support frame, and the support frame is provided with a rotatable chain assembly 8. The chain assembly 8 is configured as a ring structure. The lower support frame of the chain assembly 8 is provided with an oil groove 10. The chain assembly 8 is provided with bending plates 11 at predetermined intervals. The bending plates 11 are provided with positioning fixture assemblies 2.
[0016] The ring chain assembly 8 is used as the transmission core. It has a robust structure and is suitable for continuous heavy-load operation. The lower part of the chain assembly 8 is equipped with an oil tank 10, which can collect the lubricating oil that drips or splashes during the operation of the chain, realizing the recycling or centralized treatment of lubricating oil. This reduces the waste and loss of lubricating oil and keeps the equipment and production environment clean. By setting bending plates 11 at intervals on the chain and installing positioning fixture assemblies 2 on them, a modular bearing unit is formed. This makes the connection between the positioning fixture assembly 2 and the conveyor chain assembly 8 stable and easy to adjust the fixture interval according to the cycle requirements.
[0017] Chain roller bosses 26 are provided at both ends of the chain assembly 8 and the support frame. The support frame is provided with bracket 9 assembly, which includes an upper bracket 9 and a lower bracket 9. The upper bracket 9 is located below the chain roller bosses 26 of the upper chain assembly 8, and the lower bracket 9 is located below the chain roller bosses 26 of the lower chain assembly 8. The chain roller boss 26 provides a clear running track for the chain rollers. Dedicated upper and lower brackets 9 support the upper load-bearing section and lower return section of the annular chain, respectively. The upper bracket 9 directly supports the chain located below the chain roller boss 26, effectively resisting downward deflection caused by the weight of the workpiece and fixture, ensuring the conveyor line maintains horizontality and straightness in the load-bearing section. This is crucial for ensuring the positional accuracy of the workpiece when transported to critical workstations. The lower bracket 9 supports the return chain, maintaining its stable operation. This comprehensive support design reduces chain sway and lateral deviation during operation, minimizes abnormal wear between the chain and sprockets, extends the service life of the conveyor mechanism 1, and provides a stable foundation for the stable and precise operation of the entire production line.
[0018] The positioning fixture assembly 2 includes a fixture base plate 17, which is mounted on the conveying mechanism 1. A front fixture 12 and a rear fixture 15 are detachably mounted on the top of the fixture base plate 17. A limit block 16 is detachably mounted on the side of the rear fixture 15 away from the front fixture 12 on the fixture base plate 17. The crankshaft workpiece is mounted on the front fixture 12 and the rear fixture 15. The fixture base plate 17 serves as the base for connecting the fixture and the conveying mechanism 1. The front fixture 12 and the rear fixture 15 are installed in a detachable manner, meaning that when different models or sizes of crankshafts need to be processed, the corresponding fixture parts can be quickly replaced or adjusted without replacing the entire fixture or significantly modifying the production line. The setting of the limit block 16 provides an accurate installation positioning reference for the adjustable rear fixture 15, ensuring the repeatability of the relative position of the fixtures. This modular and adjustable fixture design enables the same production line to quickly adapt to the production needs of multiple varieties and variable batches of crankshaft workpieces, significantly improving the versatility and flexibility of the production line and reducing downtime and adjustment time and tooling costs caused by product changes.
[0019] The top of the front tooling 12 is provided with a V-groove, and the contact part between the V-groove and the crankshaft workpiece is provided with a buffer pad 14. The V-groove is used to place the journal at one end of the crankshaft workpiece. Two positioning blocks 18 are detachably installed on the top of the rear tooling 15. The two positioning blocks 18 are set at a set distance to form an installation groove. The installation groove is used to place the journal at the other end of the crankshaft workpiece. The contact parts of the two positioning blocks 18 with the journal of the crankshaft workpiece are provided with buffer pads 14. The contact parts of the two positioning blocks 18 with the journal of the crankshaft workpiece are adapted to the outer contour of the crankshaft workpiece. The V-groove structure provides self-centering for the journal at one end of the crankshaft workpiece, allowing for a certain positional tolerance during placement. The mounting groove, composed of positioning blocks 18 and buffer pads 14, accommodates the journal at the other end of the crankshaft, and its fitting profile enhances positioning stability. During transport, the crankshaft workpiece, guided by its own gravity and the buffer pads 14, naturally sinks and settles securely in the V-groove and mounting groove, achieving self-adaptive positioning without power. This not only eliminates the need for an additional active clamping drive mechanism, simplifying the fixture structure, but also prevents scratches or bumps on the workpiece surface that could be caused by hard contact with the buffer pads 14, effectively protecting the appearance quality of the precision workpiece.
[0020] The marking mechanism 5 has a housing structure 25, on which a moving component and a display component are provided. The moving component has a Z-axis module 24, and a Y-axis module 23 is installed at the output end of the Z-axis module 24. The Y-axis module 23 can move up and down in the vertical direction under the drive of the Z-axis module 24. A marking head is installed at the output end of the Y-axis module 23. The marking head can move closer to or away from the conveying mechanism 1 under the drive of the Y-axis module 23. Both the Z-axis module 24 and the Y-axis module 23 are set as linear ball screw modules. The housing structure 25 provides support and component installation space. The display component facilitates operator monitoring of status and parameter settings. The Z-axis module 24 drives the Y-axis module 23 and the marking head for overall lifting and lowering, enabling rapid initial positioning of crankshaft workpieces of different heights. The Y-axis module 23 drives the marking head to move back and forth, allowing for precise focus adjustment based on distance measurement results. This composite motion structure allows the marking head to perform both rapid position adjustments and high-precision focusing over short distances, ensuring that the laser focus accurately and stably falls on the crankshaft marking surface at different positions and heights, thus guaranteeing clear and consistent marking lines.
[0021] The Y-axis module 23 is also provided with a ranging and positioning component 4 on the side near the marking head. The ranging and positioning component 4 is provided with a rotary cylinder 21 at one end near the conveying mechanism 1. A rangefinder 19 is installed at the output end of the rotary cylinder 21. The rangefinder 19 can move to the measuring position between the marking head and the conveying component under the drive of the rotary cylinder 21. The measuring position is configured such that when the rangefinder 19 is in the measuring position, the detection axis of the rangefinder 19 is coaxial with the axis of the galvanometer light outlet 20 of the marking head. The Y-axis module 23 is also equipped with an air blowing component 22 near the marking head. The rangefinder 19 is driven to the measuring position in front of the marking head by a rotary cylinder 21 for non-contact distance measurement. After the measurement is completed, it can be rotated out, avoiding interference or contamination that might be caused by the rangefinder 19 permanently occupying the marking optical path, thus maximizing space utilization. Secondly, it is explicitly required that the detection axis of the rangefinder 19 be coaxial with the axis of the galvanometer output port 20 of the marking head when it is in the measuring position. This ensures that the height of the measuring point is consistent with the actual marking point, greatly improving the representativeness and accuracy of the distance measurement and providing a reliable data basis for subsequent precise focusing. In addition, the added air blowing component 22 can easily blow away dust and debris in the marking area when maintaining the marking mechanism 5 after marking, protecting the optical lenses from contamination.
[0022] Error prevention component 6 is set as an industrial barcode scanner, which is used to read the marking information on the crankshaft workpiece and upload it to the control mechanism 7. The control mechanism 7 compares the marking information with the preset coding rules.
[0023] Industrial barcode scanners can quickly and accurately read QR codes or character information laser-marked on the crankshaft surface. The control mechanism 7 automatically compares the read information with the preset coding rules for the workpiece in the system. If the information is completely consistent and readable, it is judged as qualified and the workpiece is allowed to enter the next process; if the information is inconsistent, missing, or unrecognizable, the abnormal handling process is immediately triggered, such as alarm and machine shutdown. This setup replaces traditional manual visual inspection, which not only has extremely fast inspection speed, perfectly matching the production rhythm, but also eliminates the omission of defective products due to human fatigue or negligence. It achieves efficient online inspection of the correctness and readability of the marking content, effectively preventing incorrectly marked workpieces from entering subsequent assembly or use stages, and improving the overall product quality control level.
[0024] In a second aspect of the invention, a method for using an automated laser marking production line for crankshafts is provided, comprising: According to the size of the crankshaft workpiece to be processed, assemble the positioning fixture assembly 2 so that both ends of the crankshaft workpiece can be positioned and clamped with the front fixture 12 and the rear fixture 15 in the positioning fixture assembly 2 respectively. The crankshaft workpiece is placed on the positioning fixture assembly 2 on the conveying mechanism 1 by the feeding mechanism 3. The crankshaft workpiece and the positioning fixture assembly 2 have a small margin. During the process of conveying to the marking station, the crankshaft workpiece shakes and moves downward by its own weight, and is firmly clamped to the front fixture 12 and the rear fixture 15. The conveying mechanism 1 conveys the crankshaft workpiece to the marking mechanism 5. When the photoelectric sensor 13, which is set with the marking mechanism 5, detects that the crankshaft workpiece has arrived, the crankshaft workpiece reaches the marking station. By operating the display component, which is set as a touch screen in this embodiment, the corresponding pre-stored marking parameters can be retrieved according to the specifications and marking requirements of the crankshaft workpiece, or custom marking parameters can be entered, including marking speed, power, and focal length range. After the parameters are set, the submission is confirmed. After the control mechanism receives the parameter signal, it sends an instruction to the moving component to drive the marking head to move to the preset initial position. Z-axis module 24 drives Y-axis module 23 to reach the set marking height; The rotary cylinder 21 in the ranging and positioning assembly 4 drives the rangefinder 19 to rotate between the marking head and the crankshaft workpiece to be marked, measures the distance to the marking surface of the crankshaft workpiece and sends the distance data to the control mechanism 7. Then the rotary cylinder 21 drives the rangefinder 19 to rotate away from the marking head and the crankshaft workpiece to be marked. The control mechanism 7 controls the Y-axis module 23 to further control the marking head to adjust the focal length based on the distance data, and performs laser marking on the marking surface of the crankshaft workpiece after the focusing is completed; After the crankshaft workpiece is marked, it is transported to the barcode scanning station of the error prevention component 6. The error prevention component 6 reads the marking information and feeds it back to the control mechanism 7. The control mechanism 7 compares and verifies the marking information with the preset coding rules to obtain the barcode scanning result. For crankshaft workpieces whose scanning results are qualified, the next station will perform unloading. The control mechanism 7 will store the marking information, distance data and scanning results of the crankshaft workpiece.
[0025] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An automated laser marking production line for crankshafts, characterized in that, The system includes a conveying mechanism, which is equipped with several positioning fixture assemblies and photoelectric sensors. A crankshaft workpiece is placed on the positioning fixture assemblies. One end of the conveying mechanism is equipped with a feeding mechanism, and one side of the conveying mechanism is equipped with a marking mechanism and a control mechanism. The marking mechanism is equipped with a moving component, a ranging and positioning component, and a mistake-proofing component. The moving component has a marking head at the end near the conveying mechanism. The control mechanism is communicatively connected to the conveying mechanism, photoelectric sensors, feeding mechanism, moving component, ranging and positioning component, and mistake-proofing component.
2. The automated laser marking production line for crankshafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photoelectric sensor is installed on the conveying mechanism at the position corresponding to the marking mechanism, and is used to detect the position of the crankshaft workpiece.
3. The automated laser marking production line for crankshafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the conveying mechanism is provided with a support frame, and a rotatable chain assembly is provided on the support frame. The chain assembly is configured as a ring structure. An oil groove is provided on the lower support frame of the chain assembly. Bending plates are provided on the chain assembly at predetermined intervals, and positioning fixture assemblies are provided on the bending plates.
4. The automated laser marking production line for crankshafts as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The chain assembly and the support frame are provided with chain roller bosses at both ends. The support frame is provided with a bracket assembly, which includes an upper bracket and a lower bracket. The upper bracket is located below the chain roller boss of the upper chain assembly, and the lower bracket is located below the chain roller boss of the lower chain assembly.
5. The automated laser marking production line for crankshafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning fixture assembly includes a fixture base plate, which is mounted on a conveying mechanism. A front fixture and a rear fixture are detachably mounted on the top of the fixture base plate. A limit block is detachably mounted on the side of the rear fixture away from the front fixture on the fixture base plate. A crankshaft workpiece is mounted on the front fixture and the rear fixture.
6. The automated laser marking production line for crankshafts as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the front fixture is provided with a V-shaped groove, and a buffer pad is provided at the contact part between the V-shaped groove and the crankshaft workpiece. The V-shaped groove is used to place the journal at one end of the crankshaft workpiece. The top of the rear tooling is detachably equipped with two positioning blocks. The two positioning blocks are arranged opposite each other at a set distance to form a mounting groove. The mounting groove is used to place the journal at the other end of the crankshaft workpiece. The contact parts of the two positioning blocks with the journal of the crankshaft workpiece are provided with buffer pads. The contact parts of the two positioning blocks with the journal of the crankshaft workpiece are adapted to the outer contour of the crankshaft workpiece.
7. The automated laser marking production line for crankshafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The marking mechanism has a box structure, and the box structure has a moving component and a display component. The moving component has a Z-axis module, and the output end of the Z-axis module is equipped with a Y-axis module. The Y-axis module can move up and down in the vertical direction under the drive of the Z-axis module. The output end of the Y-axis module is equipped with a marking head, which can move closer to or further away from the conveying mechanism under the drive of the Y-axis module. Both the Z-axis module and the Y-axis module are configured as linear ball screw modules.
8. The automated laser marking production line for crankshafts as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The Y-axis module is also equipped with a ranging and positioning component on the side near the marking head. The ranging and positioning component is equipped with a rotary cylinder at one end near the conveying mechanism. A rangefinder is installed at the output end of the rotary cylinder. The rangefinder can move to the measurement position between the marking head and the conveying component under the drive of the rotary cylinder. The measurement position is configured such that when the rangefinder is in the measurement position, the detection axis of the rangefinder is coaxial with the axis of the light output port of the galvanometer of the marking head. The Y-axis module is also equipped with an air blowing component near the marking head.
9. The automated laser marking production line for crankshafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The error prevention component is set as an industrial barcode scanner, which is used to read the marking information on the crankshaft workpiece and upload it to the control mechanism. The control mechanism compares the marking information with the preset coding rules.
10. The method of using an automated crankshaft laser marking production line as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: According to the dimensions of the crankshaft workpiece to be processed, assemble the positioning fixture assembly so that both ends of the crankshaft workpiece can be positioned and clamped with the front and rear fixtures in the positioning fixture assembly, respectively. The crankshaft workpiece is placed on the positioning fixture assembly on the conveying mechanism by the feeding mechanism. A small margin is left between the crankshaft workpiece and the positioning fixture assembly. During the conveying process to the marking station, the crankshaft workpiece shakes and moves downward by its own weight, and is firmly clamped to the front and rear fixtures. The conveying mechanism transports the crankshaft workpiece to the marking mechanism. When the photoelectric sensor corresponding to the marking mechanism detects that the crankshaft workpiece has arrived, the crankshaft workpiece reaches the marking station. According to the specifications and marking requirements of the crankshaft workpiece, the control mechanism controls the marking head to reach the preset position, wherein the Z-axis module drives the Y-axis module to reach the set marking height; The rotary cylinder in the ranging and positioning assembly drives the rangefinder to rotate between the marking head and the crankshaft workpiece to be marked, measures the distance to the marking surface of the crankshaft workpiece and sends the distance data to the control mechanism. Then the rotary cylinder drives the rangefinder to rotate away from the marking head and the crankshaft workpiece to be marked. The control mechanism controls the Y-axis module to further control the marking head to adjust the focal length based on the distance data. After the focusing is completed, laser marking is performed on the marking surface of the crankshaft workpiece. After the crankshaft workpiece is marked, it is transported to the barcode scanning station of the error prevention component. The error prevention component reads the marking information and feeds it back to the control mechanism. The control mechanism compares and verifies the marking information with the preset coding rules to obtain the barcode scanning result. For crankshaft workpieces whose barcode scanning results are qualified, the next workstation will perform the unloading process. The control mechanism will store the marking information, distance data and barcode scanning results of the crankshaft workpiece.