Aluminum-based composite material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building material admixtures. The prepared aluminum-based composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10%-30% of fluosilicic acid, 20%-35% of aluminum hydroxide, 10%-30% of concentrated sulfuric acid, 0.5%-2% of a crystal form directional regulator and the balance of water. The aluminum-based composite material is prepared by taking aluminum hydroxysulfate pentahydrate as a main crystal phase through aqueous solution polymerization and directional crystallization technologies. The material has excellent dispersing performance in water, can be used as an ideal substitute of aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, is used for preparing an alkali-free accelerator, and solves many limitation problems of the existing aluminum sulfate accelerator in the aspects of production temperature, transportation, storage and use conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building material admixtures, and in particular to an aluminum-based composite material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] As my country's infrastructure construction enters a stable development stage, the use of shotcrete has reached a peak. In tunnel construction, quick-setting agents are admixtures that enable cement or concrete to harden rapidly.

[0003] Currently, the use of accelerators in my country is very large, but the vast majority are powdered accelerators made from highly alkaline materials. In actual construction, these can damage workers' skin and eyes, and also reduce the strength of the concrete. Furthermore, uneven addition of accelerators is very common during application. Therefore, producing liquid, alkali-free, and high-performance accelerators is of great significance.

[0004] The main raw material used in alkali-free quick-setting agents is aluminum sulfate. The aluminum ions in aluminum sulfate not only significantly accelerate the hydration rate of cement but also play a significant role in its rapid setting. While aluminum sulfate, as the main raw material for quick-setting agents, effectively accelerates cement hydration with its aluminum ions, it may not achieve the desired rapid setting effect when used alone. Therefore, it often needs to be compounded with materials containing fluoride ions. These compounding processes typically involve fluorosilicic acid or fluorides, where fluoride ions form more stable compound structures with elements such as aluminum and silicon, thereby improving the rapid setting performance.

[0005] Patent CN119285265A proposes preparing an alkali-free quick-setting agent by reacting aluminum sulfate solution, fluorosilicic acid solution, sodium aluminate, and sodium hydroxide as raw materials at a high temperature of 100-110℃; CN115108750A uses aluminum fluoride mother liquor, aluminum hydroxide, and magnesium salt system to synthesize a quick-setting agent at 70℃. While these processes can effectively regulate setting properties, they all rely on high-temperature reaction conditions, placing high demands on production equipment and energy consumption. Furthermore, to address the challenges of long-distance transportation and storage of liquid quick-setting agents, and because high-temperature processing can lead to a decline in product performance and stability, further issues need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address the numerous technical issues of existing liquid quick-setting agents in terms of production temperature, transportation, storage and use conditions. This invention provides an aluminum-based composite material, its preparation method and application. The material is based on Al(SO4)OH·5H2O with a specific composition and is prepared through a unique aqueous solution reaction and directional crystallization technology. It can replace aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate as the main component of quick-setting agents, and has the characteristics of high chemical stability, simple operation and low equipment requirements.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention provides an aluminum-based composite material comprising the following components by mass percentage: 10%-30% fluorosilicic acid, 20%-30% aluminum hydroxide, 10%-30% concentrated sulfuric acid, 0.5%-2% crystal orientation modifier, and the balance being water.

[0008] Furthermore, the crystal orientation modifier is one or more compounds selected from gelatin, sodium silicate, and sodium hydroxide.

[0009] Furthermore, the crystal orientation modifier is a complex of gelatin, sodium silicate, and sodium hydroxide, wherein the mass ratio of gelatin, sodium silicate, and sodium hydroxide is 2-4:3-4:1.

[0010] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned aluminum-based composite material, comprising: Step 1: Weigh concentrated sulfuric acid and water, mix them in a reaction vessel, and heat; Step 2: Add aluminum hydroxide to the reactor from Step 1 in batches, and the reaction will occur after the materials are added; Step 3: Add fluorosilicic acid solution dropwise to the reaction vessel from Step 2 and maintain the temperature for reaction; Step 4: Add the crystal orientation regulator to the reactor from Step 3 and maintain the temperature for ripening; Step 5: Cool down to crystallize, then dry to obtain the final product.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 1, the mass percentage of concentrated sulfuric acid is 10%-30%, and the temperature is 100℃-135℃.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 2, the mass ratio of aluminum hydroxide to concentrated sulfuric acid is 1-3.5:1-1.5, and the reaction time for each addition is 10-60 minutes until the system is colorless and transparent.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 3, the rate of adding the fluorosilicic acid solution is 2-10 g / min, and the mass percentage of the fluorosilicic acid solution is 10%-30%.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 4, the mass percentage of the crystal orientation regulator is 0.5%-2%, and the temperature is maintained for 40-200 minutes.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 5, the temperature is lowered to -5~30℃ at a rate of 10-30℃ / hour, and crystallization is carried out for 4-48 hours.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention also provides the application of the aluminum-based composite material in the field of building material admixture preparation, wherein the building material admixture is an alkali-free quick-setting agent.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the above-described scheme, the present invention provides a novel aluminum-based composite material, which is prepared by aqueous solution polymerization and directional crystallization technology with aluminum hydroxysulfate pentahydrate as the main crystalline phase. This material exhibits excellent dispersibility in water, and can rapidly dissolve and disperse even at room temperature and low temperatures. It effectively overcomes the shortcomings of liquid formulations, such as short shelf life and easy stratification and precipitation, and the slow dissolution of traditional solid quick-setting agents. Simultaneously, it avoids the equipment limitations associated with high-temperature synthesis. It can serve as an ideal substitute for aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate for the preparation of high-performance liquid alkali-free quick-setting agents, providing a new solution for the synthesis and storage of quick-setting agents under low-temperature conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The crystal morphology of the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 1 of this invention; Figure 2 The image shows the XRD pattern of the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 1 of this invention. Figure 3 The crystal morphology of the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 2 of this invention; Figure 4 The crystal morphology of the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 3 of this invention; Figure 5 The crystal morphology of the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 4 of this invention; Figure 6 The crystal morphology of the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 5 of this invention; Figure 7 The crystal morphology of the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 6 of this invention; Figure 8 The crystal morphology of the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 7 of this invention; Figure 9 The crystal morphology of the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 8 of this invention; Figure 10 The crystal morphology of the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 9 of this invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical problems, solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, a detailed description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, this invention is by no means limited to these examples. The following descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of this invention and are only used to explain the invention; they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the protection scope of this invention.

[0020] In this invention, 35% industrial grade fluorosilicic acid was purchased from Shandong Yousheng Chemical Co., Ltd., gelatin was purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (item number G6317), and sodium silicate was purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (item number S822245).

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, all components used in this invention are commercially available products, and the experimental testing conditions are not specifically described and are all conventional technical operations in the field.

[0022] This invention addresses the numerous limitations of existing alkali-free quick-setting agents in terms of production temperature, transportation, storage, and usage conditions, and provides an aluminum-based composite material with high chemical stability, simple operation, and low equipment requirements, as well as its preparation method and application.

[0023] Example 1 The mass percentages of each component in the aluminum-based composite material are as follows: 10% aqueous solution of fluorosilicic acid, 26% aluminum hydroxide, 30% concentrated sulfuric acid, 1% crystal orientation modifier (17% gelatin, 18% sodium silicate, 5% sodium hydroxide, 60% water), and the balance is water.

[0024] Methods for preparing aluminum-based composite materials include: Step 1: Weigh out 30% concentrated sulfuric acid and aqueous solution and place them in a reaction vessel and mix thoroughly; Step 2: Heat the reactor to 120°C, add 26% aluminum hydroxide, and continue heating until the system becomes colorless and transparent. Step 3: Add an appropriate amount of 10% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution to the reactor at a rate of 5 g / min, and keep the reaction at 110°C for 45 minutes.

[0025] Step 4: Add 1% crystal orientation regulator (17% gelatin, 18% sodium silicate, 5% sodium hydroxide, 60% water), stir continuously for 10 minutes to disperse evenly, stop stirring, and keep warm and mature at the same temperature for 40 minutes.

[0026] Step 5: Transfer the reacted material to a crystallization tank, cool it down to 10°C at a rate of 15°C / hour, and crystallize it within this temperature range for 0.5 hours to obtain the final product.

[0027] Example 2 The mass percentages of each component in the aluminum-based composite material are as follows: 10% aqueous solution of fluorosilicic acid, 26% aluminum hydroxide, 30% concentrated sulfuric acid, 1% crystal orientation modifier (10% gelatin, 20% sodium silicate, 5% sodium hydroxide, 70% water), and the balance is water.

[0028] Methods for preparing aluminum-based composite materials include: Step 1: Weigh out 30% concentrated sulfuric acid and aqueous solution and place them in a reaction vessel and mix thoroughly; Step 2: Heat the reactor to 120°C, add 26% aluminum hydroxide, and continue heating until the system becomes colorless and transparent. Step 3: Add an appropriate amount of 10% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution to the reactor at a rate of 5 g / min, and keep the reaction at 110°C for 45 minutes.

[0029] Step 4: Add 1% crystal orientation regulator (10% gelatin, 20% sodium silicate, 5% sodium hydroxide, 70% water), stir continuously for 10 minutes to disperse evenly, stop stirring, and keep warm and mature at the same temperature for 40 minutes.

[0030] Step 5: Transfer the reacted material to a crystallization tank, cool it down to 10°C at a rate of 15°C / hour, and crystallize it within this temperature range for 0.5 hours to obtain the final product.

[0031] Example 3 The mass percentages of each component in the aluminum-based composite material are as follows: 20% aqueous solution of fluorosilicic acid, 35% aluminum hydroxide, 27% concentrated sulfuric acid, 2% crystal orientation modifier (10% sodium hydroxide, 35% gelatin, 55% water), and the remainder is water.

[0032] Methods for preparing aluminum-based composite materials include: Step 1: Weigh out 27% concentrated sulfuric acid and aqueous solution and place them in a reaction vessel and mix thoroughly; Step 2: Heat the reactor to 105°C, add 35% aluminum hydroxide and react for 40 minutes until the system is colorless and transparent; Step 3: Add 20% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution dropwise to the reactor at a rate of 6 g / min, and keep the reaction at 105℃ for 50 minutes.

[0033] Step 4: Add 2% crystal orientation regulator (10% sodium hydroxide, 35% gelatin, 55% water), stir continuously for 10 minutes to disperse evenly, stop stirring, and keep warm and mature at the same temperature for 40 minutes.

[0034] Step 5: Transfer the reacted material to a crystallization tank, cool it down to 15°C at a rate of 20°C / hour, and crystallize it within this temperature range for 10 hours to obtain the final product.

[0035] Example 4 The mass percentages of each component in the aluminum-based composite material are as follows: 20% aqueous fluorosilicic acid solution, 35% aluminum hydroxide, 27% concentrated sulfuric acid, 2% crystal orientation modifier (10% sodium hydroxide, 35% sodium silicate, 55% water), and the remainder is water.

[0036] Methods for preparing aluminum-based composite materials include: Step 1: Weigh out 27% concentrated sulfuric acid and aqueous solution and place them in a reaction vessel and mix thoroughly; Step 2: Heat the reactor to 105°C, add 35% aluminum hydroxide and react for 40 minutes until the system is colorless and transparent; Step 3: Add 20% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution dropwise to the reactor at a rate of 6 g / min, and keep the reaction at 105℃ for 50 minutes.

[0037] Step 4: Add 2% crystal orientation regulator (10% sodium hydroxide, 35% gelatin, 55% water), stir continuously for 10 minutes to disperse evenly, stop stirring, and keep warm and mature at the same temperature for 40 minutes.

[0038] Step 5: Transfer the reacted material to a crystallization tank, cool it down to 15°C at a rate of 20°C / hour, and crystallize it within this temperature range for 10 hours to obtain the final product.

[0039] Example 5 The mass percentages of each component in the aluminum-based composite material are as follows: 20% aqueous solution of fluorosilicic acid, 35% aluminum hydroxide, 27% concentrated sulfuric acid, 2% crystal orientation modifier (20% gelatin, 35% sodium silicate, 55% water), and the remainder is water.

[0040] Methods for preparing aluminum-based composite materials include: Step 1: Weigh out 27% concentrated sulfuric acid and aqueous solution and place them in a reaction vessel and mix thoroughly; Step 2: Heat the reactor to 105°C, add 35% aluminum hydroxide and react for 40 minutes until the system is colorless and transparent; Step 3: Add 20% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution dropwise to the reactor at a rate of 6 g / min, and keep the reaction at 105℃ for 50 minutes.

[0041] Step 4: Add 2% crystal orientation regulator (20% gelatin, 35% gelatin, 55% water), stir continuously for 10 minutes to disperse evenly, stop stirring, and keep warm and mature at the same temperature for 40 minutes.

[0042] Step 5: Transfer the reacted material to a crystallization tank, cool it down to 15°C at a rate of 20°C / hour, and crystallize it within this temperature range for 10 hours to obtain the final product.

[0043] Example 6 The mass percentages of each component in the aluminum-based composite material are as follows: 30% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution, 30% aluminum hydroxide, 28% concentrated sulfuric acid, 1.5% gelatin, and the remainder is water.

[0044] Methods for preparing aluminum-based composite materials include: Step 1: Weigh out 28% concentrated sulfuric acid and aqueous solution and place them in a reaction vessel and mix thoroughly; Step 2: Heat the reactor to 120°C and add 30% aluminum hydroxide until the system becomes colorless and transparent; Step 3: Add an appropriate amount of 30% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution to the reactor at a rate of 8 g / min, and keep the reaction at 120°C for 30 minutes.

[0045] Step 4: Add 1.5% gelatin and stir continuously for 10 minutes to disperse it evenly. Stop stirring and keep it warm at the same temperature for 40 minutes to mature.

[0046] Step 5: Transfer the reacted material to a crystallization tank, cool it down to 5°C at a rate of 25°C / hour, and crystallize it within this temperature range for 48 hours to obtain the final product.

[0047] Example 7 The mass percentages of each component in the aluminum-based composite material are as follows: 21.5% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution, 30% aluminum hydroxide, 28% concentrated sulfuric acid, 2% gelatin, and the remainder is water.

[0048] Methods for preparing aluminum-based composite materials include: Step 1: Weigh out 28% concentrated sulfuric acid and aqueous solution and place them in a reaction vessel and mix thoroughly; Step 2: Heat the reactor to 105°C, add 30% aluminum hydroxide and react for 40 minutes until the system is colorless and transparent; Step 3: Add 21.5% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution dropwise to the reactor at a rate of 3 g / min, and keep the reaction at 105°C for 60 minutes.

[0049] Step 4: Add 2% gelatin and stir continuously for 10 minutes to disperse it evenly. Stop stirring and keep it warm at the same temperature for 40 minutes to mature.

[0050] Step 5: Transfer the reacted material to a crystallization tank, cool it down to 0°C at a rate of 10°C / hour, and crystallize it within this temperature range for 4 hours to obtain the final product.

[0051] Example 8 The mass percentages of each component in the aluminum-based composite material are as follows: 17.1% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution, 20% aluminum hydroxide, 18% concentrated sulfuric acid, 0.2% sodium silicate, and the remainder is water.

[0052] Methods for preparing aluminum-based composite materials include: Step 1: Weigh out 18% concentrated sulfuric acid and aqueous solution and place them in the reaction vessel and mix them thoroughly; Step 2: Heat the reactor to 135°C, add 20% aluminum hydroxide and react for 35 minutes until the system is colorless and transparent; Step 3: Add 17.1% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution dropwise to the reactor at a rate of 4 g / min, and keep the reaction at 135°C for 70 minutes.

[0053] Step 4: Add 0.2% sodium silicate dropwise, stir continuously for 10 minutes to disperse it evenly, stop stirring, and keep it warm and cooked for 40 minutes at the same temperature.

[0054] Step 5: Transfer the reacted material to a crystallization tank, cool it down to -2°C at a rate of 12°C / hour, and crystallize it within this temperature range for 2 hours to obtain the final product.

[0055] Example 9 The mass percentages of each component in the aluminum-based composite material are as follows: 30% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution, 28% aluminum hydroxide, 22% concentrated sulfuric acid, 1.8% sodium hydroxide, and the remainder is water.

[0056] Methods for preparing aluminum-based composite materials include: Step 1: Weigh out 22% concentrated sulfuric acid and aqueous solution and place them in the reaction vessel and mix them thoroughly; Step 2: Heat the reactor to 130°C, add 28% aluminum hydroxide and react for 12 minutes until the system is colorless and transparent; Step 3: Add 30% fluorosilicic acid aqueous solution dropwise to the reactor at a rate of 9 g / min, and keep the reaction at 130°C for 20 minutes.

[0057] Step 4: Add 1.8% sodium hydroxide dropwise, stir continuously for 10 minutes to disperse it evenly, stop stirring, and keep it warm and cooked for 40 minutes at the same temperature.

[0058] Step 5: Transfer the reacted material to a crystallization tank, cool it down to 8°C at a rate of 28°C / hour, and crystallize it within this temperature range for 7 hours to obtain the final product.

[0059] To further test the performance of the aluminum-based composite material provided by this invention, the inventors mixed the dried aluminum-based composite material with deionized water and glycerin at a mass ratio of 0.49:0.49:0.02 and stirred for 1 hour to prepare an alkali-free liquid accelerator. According to the national standard "Accelerators for Shotcrete" (GB / T 35159-2017), this liquid accelerator was added to Huaxin P·O 42.5 cement at the recommended dosage of 8% (based on the percentage of cement mass), and its key performance indicators, such as the setting time of the cement paste and the compressive strength of the mortar, were tested according to the prescribed procedures.

[0060] Table 1 According to the performance test results in Table 1, considering multiple factors, the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 2 of this invention has the best performance when glycerol and aqueous solution are added in a certain proportion to prepare an alkali-free liquid quick-setting agent. Its initial setting time is ≤2min, final setting time is ≤4min, 1-day strength exceeds 8MPa, and the solution is stable within 35 days, demonstrating excellent quick-setting performance and storage stability.

[0061] From the appendix Figure 1-10 It can be seen that the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 1 has fine and uniform crystal particles, does not clump, and has better solubility.

[0062] Due to space limitations, in order to further illustrate the beneficial effects of the present invention, Example 2 is used as an example to provide further explanation with the following comparative examples.

[0063] Comparative Example 1: The preparation method of the aluminum-based composite material is the same as that in Example 2, except that no crystal orientation modifier is added. The content of each component and the preparation method steps are the same.

[0064] Comparative Example 2: The preparation method of aluminum-based composite materials is the same as that in Example 2, except for the cooling and crystallization process in step 5. The content of each component and the preparation method steps are the same.

[0065] Comparative Example 3: In the preparation method of aluminum-based composite materials, except for fluorosilicic acid in step 3, the content of other components and the preparation steps are the same as in Example 2.

[0066] Comparative Example 4 In the final step 5 of the preparation method of aluminum-based composite material, the temperature for crystal drying is adjusted to 120°C, while the content of other components and the preparation steps are the same as in Example 2.

[0067] The aluminum-based composite materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1-4 were mixed with deionized water and glycerol at a mass ratio of 0.49:0.49:0.02 and stirred for 1 hour to prepare an alkali-free liquid accelerator. According to the national standard "Accelerators for Shotcrete" (GB / T 35159-2017), this liquid accelerator was added to Huaxin P·O42.5 cement at the recommended dosage of 8% (based on the percentage of cement mass). Key performance indicators such as the setting time of the cement paste and the compressive strength of the mortar were tested according to the prescribed procedures. Detailed performance parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0068] Table 2 Based on the test results of the above implementation examples and comparative examples, the aluminum-based composite crystal material and its preparation process developed in this scheme successfully achieve the goal of comprehensively solving the pain points of stability and portability of low-temperature rapid-setting agents. The crystal orientation regulator and fluorosilicic acid have relatively small effects on the setting time parameters, but they directly lead to severe deterioration of product stability (separation within 1 day). In the preparation process of aluminum-based composite materials, the selection of cooling crystallization and final drying conditions has a significant impact on the final stability of the product.

[0069] Based on the test results of the above embodiments and comparative examples, the aluminum-based composite material provided by this solution has high chemical stability and is easy to operate. It can still dissolve and disperse rapidly at room temperature and even low temperature conditions, effectively overcoming the defects of poor stability of liquid formulations and slow dissolution of traditional solid quick-setting agents. At the same time, it avoids the equipment limitations caused by high-temperature synthesis. It can be used as an ideal substitute for aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate for the preparation of high-performance liquid alkali-free quick-setting agents, providing a new solution for the synthesis and storage of quick-setting agents in low-temperature environments.

[0070] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum-based composite material, characterized in that, It includes the following components by mass percentage: 10%-30% fluorosilicic acid, 20%-35% aluminum hydroxide, 10%-30% concentrated sulfuric acid, 0.5%-2% crystal orientation modifier, and the balance being water.

2. The aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crystal orientation modifier is one or more compounds selected from gelatin, sodium hydroxide, and sodium silicate.

3. The aluminum-based composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The crystal orientation modifier is a complex of gelatin, sodium hydroxide, and sodium silicate, wherein the mass ratio of gelatin, sodium silicate, and sodium hydroxide is 2-4:3-4:

1.

4. The method for preparing the aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Weigh concentrated sulfuric acid and water, mix them in a reaction vessel, and heat; Step 2: Add aluminum hydroxide to the reactor from Step 1 in batches, and the reaction will occur after the materials are added; Step 3: Add fluorosilicic acid solution dropwise to the reaction vessel from Step 2 and maintain the temperature for reaction; Step 4: Add the crystal orientation regulator to the reactor from Step 3 and maintain the temperature for ripening; Step 5: Cool down to crystallize, then dry to obtain the final product.

5. The method for preparing the aluminum-based composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 1, the mass percentage of concentrated sulfuric acid is 10%-30%, and the temperature is 100℃-135℃.

6. The method for preparing the aluminum-based composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 2, the mass ratio of aluminum hydroxide to concentrated sulfuric acid is 1-3.5:1-1.5, and the reaction time is 10-60 min.

7. The method for preparing the aluminum-based composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 3, the rate of adding fluorosilicic acid solution is 2-10 g / min, and the mass percentage of fluorosilicic acid solution is 10%-30%.

8. The method for preparing the aluminum-based composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 4, the mass percentage of the crystal orientation regulator is 0.5%-2%, and the temperature is maintained for 40-200 minutes.

9. The method for preparing the aluminum-based composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 5, the temperature is reduced to -5~30℃ at a rate of 10-30℃ / hour, and crystallization is carried out for 4-48 hours.

10. The application of the aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, This invention relates to the field of preparing building material admixtures, wherein the building material admixture is an alkali-free quick-setting agent.

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