White ultraviolet-curable resin composition, photovoltaic coating and preparation method thereof, and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention provides a white ultraviolet-curable resin composition, a photovoltaic coating, a preparation method of the photovoltaic coating and a photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic coatings. The white ultraviolet-curable resin composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 to 80 parts of oligomeric resin, 3 to 25 parts of a cross-linking agent, 0.5 to 4 parts of a photoinitiator A, 1 to 5 parts of a photoinitiator B, 0.05 to 3 parts of an antacid, 0.1 to 3 parts of an anti-hydrolysis agent, 0.2 to 3 parts of an adhesion promoter, 10 to 50 parts of white pigment and 1 to 5 parts of an auxiliary agent, the photoinitiator A comprises an alpha-hydroxy ketone compound; the photoinitiator B includes an acylphosphine oxide compound. According to the white ultraviolet-curable resin composition, the problems that the white ultraviolet-curable resin composition is sensitive to acid and easy to corrode under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions are solved. The white ultraviolet-curable resin composition effectively enhances the acid sensitivity and corrosivity under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic coating technology, and in particular to a white UV-curable resin composition, a photovoltaic coating, a method for preparing the same, and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] With the technological development of bifacial crystalline silicon high-efficiency cells, especially high-efficiency cells such as TOPCon and HJT, the use of glass for encapsulation on both the front and back of the module has become the absolute mainstream in the market. At the same time, in order to ensure the power of the front of the module, the back glass uses a white grid glaze layer to improve the power of the front of the module. The white grid glaze layer can reflect the light that shines on the glaze layer into the cell, improve the light utilization rate, and thus improve the power of the module.

[0003] Traditional photovoltaic glass typically uses a high-temperature sintered glaze layer to improve its light reflectivity. However, this process has the following problems: 1) During high-temperature sintering, the white glaze reflects a large amount of heat, resulting in energy waste; 2) During high-temperature sintering, the white glaze itself needs to absorb a large amount of heat for sintering and hardening, resulting in insufficient heat absorption in the glass area below the glaze layer, leading to incomplete tempering and low tempering strength. This makes the tempering strength of the glass area below the glaze layer significantly lower than that of the non-glazed area, thus easily generating surface stress differences; 3) There is a difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the glaze layer and the glass. These problems result in poor surface stress uniformity of the glazed grid glass and low tempering strength in the glaze layer area, especially in the perforated areas and the edges of the glass, which are prone to cracking due to stress. This also leads to a large number of explosions of photovoltaic modules in actual power plant operation, greatly affecting the operational safety and power generation of the power plant.

[0004] Therefore, how to reduce energy waste, decrease surface stress difference, and prevent cracking are urgent problems that need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a white, UV-curable resin composition, a photovoltaic coating, a method for preparing the same, and a photovoltaic module to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides a white, UV-curable resin composition, the raw materials of which, by weight, comprise:

[0007] 50-80 parts of oligomer resin, 3-25 parts of crosslinking agent, 0.5-4 parts of photoinitiator A, 1-5 parts of photoinitiator B, 0.05-3 parts of acid stabilizer, 0.1-3 parts of hydrolysis stabilizer, 0.2-3 parts of adhesion promoter, 10-50 parts of white pigment, and 1-5 parts of additives;

[0008] The photoinitiator A includes α-hydroxy ketone compounds;

[0009] The photoinitiator B comprises an acylphosphine oxide compound.

[0010] Optionally, the white UV-curable resin composition satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0011] A. The oligomer resin includes methacrylic resin and / or modified acrylic resin;

[0012] B. The weight-average molecular weight of the oligomer resin is 1000-6000;

[0013] C. The acid value of the oligomer resin is less than 3 mg KOH / g;

[0014] D. The crosslinking agent includes one or more of monofunctional monomers, difunctional monomers, and multifunctional monomers;

[0015] E. The α-hydroxy ketone compounds include one or more of 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)propanone, 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylpropanone, and 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl-2-methylpropanone;

[0016] F. The acylphosphine oxide compound includes one or more of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide, bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphine oxide, and ethyl 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl phenylphosphinate;

[0017] G. The antacids include alkaline earth metal oxides and / or alkaline earth metal hydroxides.

[0018] Optionally, the white UV-curable resin composition satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0019] A. The modified acrylic resin includes one or more of hydrogenated epoxy acrylic resin, polyester-modified acrylic resin, and silicone-modified acrylic resin;

[0020] B. The monofunctional monomer includes methacrylate;

[0021] C. The bifunctional monomer includes one or more of dipropylene glycol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, and dipropylene glycol acrylate;

[0022] D. The multifunctional monomer includes one or more of triallyl isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, propoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate;

[0023] E. The alkaline earth metal oxide includes one or more of MgO, BaO, and CaO;

[0024] F. The alkaline earth metal hydroxide includes one or more of Mg(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2.

[0025] Optionally, the white UV-curable resin composition satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0026] A. The anti-hydrolysis agent includes carbodiimide compounds and their derivatives;

[0027] B. The adhesion promoter comprises one or more of methacryloxysilane, vinyl silane, vinyl epoxy resin, and acrylic epoxy resin;

[0028] C. The white pigment includes one or more of rutile titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zinc barium white, and lead white;

[0029] D. The additives include one or more of the following: dispersants, defoamers, leveling agents, and light stabilizers.

[0030] Optionally, the white UV-curable resin composition satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0031] A. The carbodiimide compounds and their derivatives include one or more of the following: monomeric carbodiimide, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide, N,N'-diphenylcarbodiimide, N,N'-di(2,4-dimethylphenyl)carbodiimide, and polymeric carbodiimide antihydrolysis agents;

[0032] B. The adhesion promoter comprises one or more of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane, 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane, and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl methacrylate.

[0033] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing the white, UV-curable resin composition, comprising:

[0034] The raw materials are mixed to prepare the white, UV-curable resin composition.

[0035] A third aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic coating whose raw materials include the aforementioned white UV-curable resin composition.

[0036] A fourth aspect of this application provides a method for preparing the photovoltaic coating, comprising:

[0037] The white, UV-curable resin composition is applied to the substrate surface and cured to obtain the photovoltaic coating.

[0038] Optionally, the method for preparing the photovoltaic coating satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0039] A. The thickness of the coating is 10μm-30μm;

[0040] B. The coating is in the shape of a grid;

[0041] C. The light intensity of the cured light is 2000 mw / cm². 2 -10000mw / cm 2 The time is 1-5 minutes;

[0042] D. The substrate includes glass.

[0043] The fifth aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic module, including the photovoltaic coating or a photovoltaic coating prepared by the method described above.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application include:

[0045] The white, UV-curable resin composition provided in this application allows the oligomer resin to crosslink under UV light irradiation through the action of a photoinitiator to form a high-molecular-weight solid coating. The crosslinking agent participates in the curing process, improving the physical properties of the cured resin composition. Photoinitiator A is a surface-curing photoinitiator with a high absorption peak, effectively absorbing light energy on the coating surface and rapidly generating free radicals to cure the coating surface. Photoinitiator B is a deep-curing photoinitiator with a wide absorption range and strong penetration, initiating polymerization reactions deep within the coating. An anti-acid agent not only improves the resin composition's resistance to oxidation but also... The acid-resistant agent enhances the protective properties and durability of the coating, and neutralizes acidic substances generated in the resin composition, preventing corrosion or damage to the resin composition substrate. The anti-hydrolysis agent enhances the water resistance of the resin composition, preventing peeling or discoloration due to hydrolysis, thereby improving the durability and protective properties of the coating. The adhesion promoter improves the adhesion strength between the coating and the substrate. The white pigment provides solid particles that give the resin composition its color and has a high reflectivity. This white, UV-curable resin composition significantly improves its acid and corrosion resistance under high temperature and humidity conditions.

[0046] The method for preparing the white, UV-curable resin composition provided in this application is simple to operate.

[0047] The photovoltaic coating provided in this application replaces glazing to reflect light, solving the problems of uneven stress distribution on the glass surface and significant reduction in glass strength in the glaze area caused by glazing. It can also reduce energy consumption, shorten the production cycle and save costs.

[0048] The method for preparing the photovoltaic coating provided in this application is simple to operate.

[0049] The photovoltaic modules provided in this application have excellent reliability and service life. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope of this application.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the photovoltaic coating provided in Example 1;

[0052] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module provided in Example 1;

[0053] Figure 3 The graphs show the reflectance test curves of the photovoltaic coatings and glazed glass prepared in Examples 1 and 2. Detailed Implementation

[0054] As used in this article:

[0055] "Prepared from" is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", or any other variations thereof as used herein are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, step, method, article, or apparatus that includes the listed elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or elements inherent to such composition, step, method, article, or apparatus.

[0056] The conjunction "composed of..." excludes any unspecified elements, steps, or components. If used in a claim, this phrase makes the claim closed, excluding materials other than those described, except for associated conventional impurities. When the phrase "composed of..." appears in a clause of the body of a claim rather than immediately following it, it limits only the elements described in that clause; other elements are not excluded from the claim as a whole.

[0057] When a quantity, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, a preferred range, or a range defined by a series of upper and lower preferred values, this should be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed by any pair of any upper or preferred value with any lower or preferred value, regardless of whether the range is disclosed individually. For example, when the range “1–5” is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted as including ranges “1–4”, “1–3”, “1–2”, “1–2 and 4–5”, “1–3 and 5”, etc. When numerical ranges are described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include its endpoints and all integers and fractions within that range.

[0058] In these embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the portions and percentages are all by weight.

[0059] "Parts by mass" refers to the basic unit of measurement that expresses the mass ratio of multiple components. One part can represent any unit mass, such as 1g or 2.689g. If we say that component A has "a" parts by mass and component B has "b" parts by mass, it means the ratio of the mass of component A to the mass of component B is a:b. Alternatively, it can mean that the mass of component A is aK and the mass of component B is bK (K is any number representing a multiplier). It is important to understand that, unlike the number of parts by mass, the sum of the mass parts of all components is not limited to 100 parts.

[0060] "And / or" is used to indicate that one or both of the described situations may occur, for example, A and / or B includes (A and B) and (A or B).

[0061] The first aspect of this application provides a white, UV-curable resin composition, the raw materials of which, by weight, comprise:

[0062] 50-80 parts of oligomer resin, 3-25 parts of crosslinking agent, 0.5-4 parts of photoinitiator A, 1-5 parts of photoinitiator B, 0.05-3 parts of acid stabilizer, 0.1-3 parts of hydrolysis stabilizer, 0.2-3 parts of adhesion promoter, 10-50 parts of white pigment, and 1-5 parts of additives;

[0063] Optionally, the raw materials of the white UV-curable resin composition, by weight, include: oligomer resin (any value between 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80 parts or 50-80 parts); crosslinking agent (any value between 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 parts or 3-25 parts); photoinitiator A (any value between 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 parts or 0.5-4 parts); photoinitiator B (any value between 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 parts or 1-5 parts); and acid stabilizer (0.05, 0...). The amounts of the following agents are permissible: 1 part, 0.5 part, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, or any value between 0.05 and 3 parts; the amounts of the anti-hydrolysis agent are permissible: 0.1 part, 0.5 part, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, or any value between 0.1 and 3 parts; the amounts of the adhesion promoter are permissible: 0.2 part, 0.5 part, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, or any value between 0.2 and 3 parts; the amounts of the white pigment are permissible: 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, or any value between 10 and 50 parts; and the amounts of the additives are permissible: 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, or any value between 1 and 5 parts.

[0064] It is important to note that photoinitiator A absorbs light energy under ultraviolet light irradiation, transitioning from the ground state to an excited state. The excited-state molecule may reach the excited triplet state through intersystem crossing or return to the high-energy state of the ground state through internal transformation. In the excited state, homolytic cleavage of chemical bonds occurs, forming free radicals with initiation capabilities. These free radicals can be α-hydroxy free radicals or other types of free radicals. The generated free radicals can not only initiate the polymerization reaction of unsaturated prepolymers such as acrylates and epoxy resins, but also react with unsaturated double bonds in monomers or prepolymers to form new free radicals, thereby initiating a chain polymerization reaction and ultimately forming a three-dimensional network structure of cured coating. As the polymerization reaction proceeds, the material changes from a liquid or semi-solid state to a solid state, completing the curing process.

[0065] In some embodiments, photoinitiator A is 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone. Under ultraviolet light irradiation, the 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone molecule absorbs light energy and transitions from the ground state to the excited state. In the excited state, the 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone molecule undergoes homolytic cleavage of chemical bonds to form free radicals with initiation capabilities.

[0066] It is also important to note that when photoinitiator B is irradiated with ultraviolet or visible light, the molecule absorbs light energy and transitions from the ground state to an excited state. During this transition, chemical bonds break within the excited-state molecule, involving electron rearrangement. Intramolecular reactions lead to molecular decomposition, generating free radicals. These free radicals can be alkyl, phenyl, or phosphine radicals, and they possess high reactivity. These free radicals react with unsaturated double bonds in surrounding monomers or prepolymers to form new free radicals, thus initiating a chain reaction of polymerization. As the polymerization proceeds, the material transforms from a liquid or semi-solid state to a solid state, completing the curing process.

[0067] In some embodiments, photoinitiator B is trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO). Under ultraviolet or visible light irradiation, TPO molecules absorb light energy and transition from the ground state to the excited state. Chemical bonds break inside the excited TPO molecule, usually a carbon-oxygen bond or a phosphorus-oxygen bond. The intramolecular reaction leads to the decomposition of TPO molecules to generate free radicals.

[0068] Since the resin composition provided in this application is white, white pigments may absorb or reflect ultraviolet light, reducing the effective excitation of the photoinitiator and thus affecting the curing effect. Surface-curing photoinitiators have high absorption peaks for short-wavelength (250nm-300nm) light. When illuminated, photoinitiator A can effectively absorb light energy on the coating surface and rapidly generate free radicals to cure the coating surface. However, the penetration ability of light in this band within the material is weakened, resulting in insufficient illumination inside thicker coatings, thus affecting the curing effect. Deep-curing photoinitiators absorb in the long-wavelength range (350nm-420nm), have a wide absorption range and strong penetration, and can initiate polymerization reactions deep within the coating. However, deep-curing photoinitiators are generally more expensive than surface photoinitiators and have a slower curing speed, affecting production efficiency. Therefore, surface-curing photoinitiators (photoinitiator A) and deep-curing photoinitiators (photoinitiator B) are selected for use together.

[0069] This can be understood as follows: the surface-curing photoinitiator (photoinitiator A) and the deep-curing photoinitiator (photoinitiator B) have different absorption spectra and can absorb light of different wavelengths, thereby initiating polymerization reactions at different depths of the coating. This ensures that both the surface and the interior of the coating can be effectively cured.

[0070] The photoinitiator A includes α-hydroxy ketone compounds;

[0071] It should be noted that α-hydroxy ketones, with an effective absorption peak in the range of 246 nm to 278 nm, are highly efficient, non-yellowing free radical photoinitiators, due to their excellent non-yellowing properties.

[0072] The photoinitiator B comprises an acylphosphine oxide compound.

[0073] It should be noted that acylphosphine oxide compounds have a wide absorption range, fast photocuring speed, and low volatility, which helps reduce environmental pollution and improve product stability. They also have good solubility, making them easy to mix with various resins and formulation systems. Furthermore, they can be compounded with other photoinitiators to improve curing efficiency and coating performance, and they are environmentally friendly and safe.

[0074] In some embodiments, the acylphosphine oxide compound is TPO, which has an effective absorption peak of 350-400 nm and can absorb up to 420 nm. Since TPO can generate two free radicals, benzoyl and phosphoryl, after light exposure, both of which can initiate polymerization, the photocuring speed is fast. In addition, TPO has low volatility and good solubility in a variety of solvents. It can also be used in combination with other photoinitiators to improve curing efficiency and coating performance. Compared with some traditional photoinitiators, TPO performs better in terms of environmental protection and safety.

[0075] In some embodiments, the white UV-curable resin composition satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0076] A. The oligomer resin includes methacrylic resin and / or modified acrylic resin;

[0077] B. The weight-average molecular weight of the oligomer resin is 1000-6000;

[0078] Optionally, the weight-average molecular weight of the oligomer resin can be any value between 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000 or 1000-6000.

[0079] C. The acid value of the oligomer resin is less than 3 mg KOH / g;

[0080] Optionally, the acid value of the oligomer resin can be 1 mg KOH / g, 2 mg KOH / g, 2.5 mg KOH / g, or any value below 3 mg KOH / g;

[0081] It should be noted that photovoltaic cells are sensitive to acidic substances, and the acid value of oligomeric resins below 3mg KOH / g is beneficial to reduce sensitivity to acidic substances.

[0082] D. The crosslinking agent includes one or more of monofunctional monomers, difunctional monomers, and multifunctional monomers;

[0083] It is important to note that crosslinking agents include monofunctional monomers, difunctional monomers, and polyfunctional monomers. These crosslinking agents have very low volatility, which helps reduce environmental pollution and improve the stability and safety of products; they have high reactivity and can rapidly initiate polymerization reactions under ultraviolet light to form crosslinked polymer materials; the raw materials are relatively inexpensive and readily available, which helps reduce production costs; and they have good compatibility.

[0084] E. The α-hydroxy ketone compounds include one or more of 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)propanone, 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylpropanone, and 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl-2-methylpropanone;

[0085] F. The acylphosphine oxide compound includes one or more of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide, bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphine oxide, and ethyl 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl phenylphosphinate;

[0086] G. The antacids include alkaline earth metal oxides and / or alkaline earth metal hydroxides.

[0087] It should be noted that antacids include alkaline earth metal oxides and / or alkaline earth metal hydroxides. These antacids have a high pH value, which can effectively neutralize acidic substances; they also have good thermal stability, are not easily reacted with other substances, have a long service life, are abundant in resources, and are low in cost.

[0088] In some embodiments, the white UV-curable resin composition satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0089] A. The modified acrylic resin includes one or more of hydrogenated epoxy acrylic resin, polyester-modified acrylic resin, and silicone-modified acrylic resin;

[0090] B. The monofunctional monomer includes methacrylate;

[0091] C. The bifunctional monomer includes one or more of dipropylene glycol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, and dipropylene glycol acrylate;

[0092] D. The multifunctional monomer includes one or more of triallyl isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, propoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate;

[0093] E. The alkaline earth metal oxide includes one or more of MgO, BaO, and CaO;

[0094] F. The alkaline earth metal hydroxide includes one or more of Mg(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2.

[0095] In some embodiments, the white UV-curable resin composition satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0096] A. The anti-hydrolysis agent includes carbodiimide compounds and their derivatives;

[0097] It is important to note that carbodiimide compounds and their derivatives can effectively react with the carboxyl, hydroxyl, or amine groups at the ends of polymer chains, blocking these active groups that are prone to hydrolysis, thereby improving the polymer's hydrolysis resistance; they also have good thermal stability; and they are relatively chemically stable, not prone to adverse reactions with other materials, which helps maintain the polymer's chemical stability.

[0098] B. The adhesion promoter comprises one or more of methacryloxysilane, vinyl silane, vinyl epoxy resin, and acrylic epoxy resin;

[0099] C. The white pigment includes one or more of rutile titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zinc barium white, and lead white;

[0100] D. The additives include one or more of the following: dispersants, defoamers, leveling agents, and light stabilizers.

[0101] In some embodiments, the white UV-curable resin composition satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0102] A. The carbodiimide compounds and their derivatives include one or more of the following: monomeric carbodiimide, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide, N,N'-diphenylcarbodiimide, N,N'-di(2,4-dimethylphenyl)carbodiimide, and polymeric carbodiimide antihydrolysis agents;

[0103] B. The adhesion promoter comprises one or more of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane, 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane, and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl methacrylate.

[0104] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing the white, UV-curable resin composition, comprising:

[0105] The raw materials are mixed to prepare the white, UV-curable resin composition.

[0106] In some embodiments, the oligomer resin, additives, and anti-hydrolysis agent are first mixed to obtain a first mixture;

[0107] The first mixture, the acid-resistant agent, and the white pigment are mixed in a second mixture to obtain the second mixture.

[0108] A third mixture of the second mixture, crosslinking agent, photoinitiator A, photoinitiator B, and adhesion promoter yields a white, UV-curable resin composition.

[0109] It is important to note that step-by-step mixing can prevent agglomeration, improve dispersion efficiency, reduce bubbles, and ensure uniform mixing.

[0110] A third aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic coating whose raw materials include the aforementioned white UV-curable resin composition.

[0111] A fourth aspect of this application provides a method for preparing the photovoltaic coating, comprising:

[0112] The white, UV-curable resin composition is applied to the substrate surface and cured to obtain the photovoltaic coating.

[0113] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the photovoltaic coating satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0114] A. The thickness of the coating is 10μm-30μm;

[0115] Optionally, the coating thickness can be any value between 10μm, 15μm, 20μm, 25μm, 30μm or 10μm-30μm;

[0116] B. The coating is in the shape of a grid;

[0117] C. The light intensity of the cured light is 4000 mw / cm². 2 -10000mw / cm 2 The time is 1-5 minutes;

[0118] Optionally, the curing light intensity can be 4000 mw / cm². 2 5000mw / cm 2 6000mw / cm 2 7000mw / cm 2 8000mw / cm 2 9000mw / cm 2 10000mw / cm 2 Or 4000mw / cm2 -10000mw / cm 2 Any value between 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 4 min, 5 min, or any value between 1 min and 5 min;

[0119] D. The substrate includes glass.

[0120] The fifth aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic module, including the photovoltaic coating or a photovoltaic coating prepared by the method described above.

[0121] The implementation schemes of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are only for illustrating this application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of this application. Unless otherwise specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall apply. Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturers are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0122] Example 1

[0123] The first aspect of this embodiment provides a white, UV-curable resin composition, the raw materials of which, by weight, include:

[0124] Oligopolymer resin (weight average molecular weight of oligopolymer resin is 3000, acid value is 2.4mg KOH / g, from Kunshan Castel Polymer Materials Co., Ltd.), crosslinking agent, photoinitiator A, photoinitiator B, anti-acid agent, anti-hydrolysis agent, adhesion promoter, white pigment, and additives.

[0125] The specific components of the white, UV-curable resin composition are shown in Table 1.

[0126] Table 1. Specific components of the white UV-curable resin composition.

[0127]

[0128] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing a white, UV-curable resin composition, comprising:

[0129] The above raw materials were mixed to prepare a white, UV-curable resin composition.

[0130] The third aspect of this embodiment provides a photovoltaic coating whose raw materials include the above-mentioned white UV-curable resin composition.

[0131] The fourth aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic coating, comprising:

[0132] A white, UV-curable resin composition was applied to a clean tempered glass surface using a printing method under room temperature epoxy conditions, with the coating pattern being a grid.

[0133] The coated tempered glass was placed in a UV curing device with a light intensity of 2500 mw / cm². 2 Irradiate with a UV light source for 1 minute to fully cure and obtain a photovoltaic coating with a reflectivity >60%.

[0134] A schematic diagram of the photovoltaic coating is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0135] The performance of the photovoltaic coating was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 2.

[0136] Table 2 Photovoltaic Coating Performance Test

[0137] name parameter Residual acid value of coating 0.1mg KOH / g Coating thickness 18μm Color value L 96.3 Solvent-resistant wipe (alcohol) After 100 consecutive wipes, the coating did not peel off. hardness 4H Grid strength (initial) Level 0 Gree (PCT48h) Level 0 Adhesive strength (EVA, initial) 132N / cm Adhesion strength (EVA, PCT48h) 76N / cm Reflectivity (400-700nm) 73.2％ Δb(UV120kwh) 1.6 Glass impact resistance test (1040g) 1200mm

[0138] The fifth aspect of this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, the preparation method of which includes:

[0139] A film is laid flat on photovoltaic glass with a cured grid-like photovoltaic coating. Then, the battery string is placed on the film with the anti-reflective coating of the battery string facing down. Another layer of film and photovoltaic glass is then laid on top, and an EL test is performed to confirm that there are no defects such as microcracks, poor soldering, desoldering, or black spots. The stacked modules are then placed in a laminator, and the film is melted by vacuuming and heating to bond the batteries, photovoltaic glass, and backsheet together. After cooling, the modules are removed, silicone is applied to the grooves in the aluminum alloy frame, and the modules are embedded into the aluminum alloy grooves. A junction box is installed, and the leads are connected to the junction box to obtain the photovoltaic module.

[0140] A schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module is shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0141] The photovoltaic modules were tested for performance. The output power, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and other parameters were tested according to the standards IEC61215-2:2016 and IEC61215-2-2021. The specific test results are shown in Table 3.

[0142] Table 3 Performance Test of Photovoltaic Modules

[0143]

[0144] Example 2

[0145] The first aspect of this embodiment provides a white, UV-curable resin composition, the raw materials of which, by weight, include:

[0146] Oligopolymer resin (weight average molecular weight of oligopolymer resin is 4000, acid value is 2.7mg KOH / g, from Zhejiang Gaodebaoli New Material Co., Ltd.), crosslinking agent, photoinitiator A, photoinitiator B, anti-acid agent, anti-hydrolysis agent, adhesion promoter, white pigment, and additives.

[0147] The specific components of the white, UV-curable resin composition are shown in Table 4.

[0148] Table 4. Specific components of the white UV-curable resin composition.

[0149]

[0150]

[0151] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing a white, UV-curable resin composition, comprising:

[0152] After adding oligomer resin, additives, and anti-hydrolysis agent to the reactor, stir at medium speed (500 rpm / min) for 15 minutes. Then, gradually add acid-resistant agent and white pigment to the reactor at low speed (50 rpm / min) and disperse at medium speed for 20 minutes. Then, transfer the mixture to a sand mill and grind it until the average particle size is 0.2 μm to obtain a uniformly dispersed white pigment paste with qualified fineness. Add crosslinking agent, photoinitiator A, photoinitiator B, and adhesion promoter to the white pigment paste and stir (500 rpm / min for 30 minutes) to obtain a uniformly dispersed white UV-curable resin composition.

[0153] The third aspect of this embodiment provides a photovoltaic coating whose raw materials include the above-mentioned white UV-curable resin composition.

[0154] The fourth aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic coating, comprising:

[0155] A white, UV-curable resin composition was applied to a clean tempered glass surface using a printing method under room temperature epoxy conditions, with the coating pattern being a grid.

[0156] The coated tempered glass was placed in a UV curing device with a light intensity of 2500 mw / cm². 2 Irradiate with a UV light source for 1 minute to fully cure and obtain a photovoltaic coating with a reflectivity >60%.

[0157] The reflectance test curves of the photovoltaic coatings and enamel-coated glass prepared in Examples 1 and 2 are shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0158] The performance of the photovoltaic coating was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 5.

[0159] Table 5 Photovoltaic Coating Performance Test

[0160] name parameter Residual acid value of coating 0.1mg KOH / g Coating thickness 25μm Color value L 96.3 Solvent-resistant wipe (alcohol) After 100 consecutive wipes, the coating did not peel off. hardness 5H Grid strength (initial) Level 0 Gree (PCT48h) Level 0 Adhesive strength (EVA, initial) 128N / cm Adhesion strength (EVA, PCT48h) 73 N / cm Reflectivity (400-700nm) 76.5％ Δb(UV120kwh) 1.9 Glass impact resistance test (1040g) 1200mm

[0161] The fifth aspect of this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, the preparation method of which is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0162] The photovoltaic modules were subjected to performance tests, including parameters such as output power, open-circuit voltage, and short-circuit current under standard test conditions. The specific test results are shown in Table 6.

[0163] Table 6 Performance Testing of Photovoltaic Modules

[0164]

[0165]

[0166] Example 3

[0167] The first aspect of this embodiment provides a white UV-curable resin composition, the raw materials of which, by weight, include: oligomer resin (the weight-average molecular weight of the oligomer resin is 5600, the acid value is 1.8 mg KOH / g, and it is from Zhejiang Gaodebaoli New Material Co., Ltd.), crosslinking agent, photoinitiator A, photoinitiator B, anti-acid agent, anti-hydrolysis agent, adhesion promoter, white pigment, and additives. The specific composition of the white UV-curable resin composition is shown in Table 7.

[0168] Table 7. Specific components of the white UV-curable resin composition.

[0169]

[0170] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing a white, UV-curable resin composition, comprising:

[0171] After adding oligomer resin, additives, and anti-hydrolysis agent to the reactor, stir at medium speed (500 rpm / min) for 15 minutes. Then, gradually add acid-resistant agent and white pigment to the reactor at low speed (50 rpm / min) and disperse at medium speed for 20 minutes. Then, transfer the mixture to a sand mill and grind it until the average particle size is 0.2 μm to obtain a uniformly dispersed white pigment paste with qualified fineness. Add crosslinking agent, photoinitiator A, photoinitiator B, and adhesion promoter to the white pigment paste and stir (500 rpm / min for 30 minutes) to obtain a uniformly dispersed white UV-curable resin composition.

[0172] The above raw materials are mixed to prepare a white, UV-curable resin composition.

[0173] The third aspect of this embodiment provides a photovoltaic coating whose raw materials include the above-mentioned white UV-curable resin composition.

[0174] The fourth aspect of this embodiment provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic coating, comprising:

[0175] A white, UV-curable resin composition was applied to a clean tempered glass surface using a printing method under room temperature epoxy conditions, with the coating pattern being a grid.

[0176] The coated tempered glass was placed in a UV curing device with a light intensity of 2500 mw / cm². 2 Irradiate with a UV light source for 1 minute to fully cure and obtain a photovoltaic coating with a reflectivity >60%.

[0177] The reflectance test curves of the photovoltaic coatings and enamel-coated glass prepared in Examples 1 and 2 are shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0178] The performance of the photovoltaic coating was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 8.

[0179] Table 8 Photovoltaic Coating Performance Test

[0180]

[0181]

[0182] The fifth aspect of this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, the preparation method of which is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0183] The photovoltaic modules were subjected to performance tests, including parameters such as output power, open-circuit voltage, and short-circuit current under standard test conditions. The specific test results are shown in Table 9.

[0184] Table 9 Performance Testing of Photovoltaic Modules

[0185]

[0186] Comparative Example 1

[0187] This comparative example provides a resin composition that differs from Example 1 in that photoinitiator A is not added, while other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0188] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing a resin composition, a photovoltaic coating and its preparation method, and a photovoltaic module, consistent with Example 1.

[0189] The performance of the photovoltaic coating was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 10.

[0190] Table 10 Photovoltaic Coating Performance Test

[0191] name parameter Residual acid value of coating 0.1mg KOH / g Coating thickness 18μm Color value L 96.2 Solvent-resistant wipe (alcohol) After 100 consecutive wipes, the coating did not peel off. hardness 2H Grid strength (initial) Level 2 Gree (PCT48h) Level 5 Adhesive strength (EVA, initial) 67N / cm Adhesion strength (EVA, PCT48h) 32N / cm Reflectivity (400-700nm) 71.2％ Δb(UV120kwh) 2.1 Glass impact resistance test (1040g) 1200mm

[0192] Comparative Example 2

[0193] This comparative example provides a resin composition that differs from Example 1 in that photoinitiator B is not added, while other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0194] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing a resin composition, a photovoltaic coating and its preparation method, and a photovoltaic module, consistent with Example 1.

[0195] The performance of the photovoltaic coating was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 11.

[0196] Table 11 Photovoltaic Coating Performance Test

[0197]

[0198]

[0199] Comparative Example 3

[0200] This comparative example provides a resin composition that differs from Example 1 in that no anti-acid agent is added in this comparative example, while other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0201] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing a resin composition, a photovoltaic coating and its preparation method, and a photovoltaic module, consistent with Example 1.

[0202] The performance of the photovoltaic coating was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 12.

[0203] Table 12 Photovoltaic Coating Performance Test

[0204]

[0205]

[0206] Comparative Example 4

[0207] This comparative example provides a resin composition that differs from Example 1 in that no anti-hydrolysis agent is added in this comparative example, while other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0208] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing a resin composition, a photovoltaic coating and its preparation method, and a photovoltaic module, consistent with Example 1.

[0209] The performance of the photovoltaic coating was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 13.

[0210] Table 13 Photovoltaic Coating Performance Test

[0211]

[0212]

[0213] Comparative Example 5

[0214] This comparative example provides a resin composition that differs from Example 1 in that no adhesion promoter is added, while other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0215] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing a resin composition, a photovoltaic coating and its preparation method, and a photovoltaic module, consistent with Example 1.

[0216] The performance of the photovoltaic coating was tested, and the specific test results are shown in Table 14.

[0217] Table 14 Photovoltaic Coating Performance Test

[0218] name parameter Residual acid value of coating 0.1mg KOH / g Coating thickness 18μm Color value L 96.3 Solvent-resistant wipe (alcohol) After 100 consecutive wipes, the coating did not peel off. hardness 4H Grid strength (initial) Level 1 Gree (PCT48h) Level 1 Adhesive strength (EVA, initial) 84 N / cm Adhesion strength (EVA, PCT48h) 53 N / cm Reflectivity (400-700nm) 73.2％ Δb(UV120kwh) 1.6 Glass impact resistance test (1040g) 1200mm

[0219] Compare with Example 1

[0220] This application also conducts performance tests on the photovoltaic modules prepared from enamel-coated glass. The specific preparation method is the same as in Example 1, except that the photovoltaic glass with a grid-like photovoltaic coating in Example 1 is replaced with enamel-coated glass.

[0221] The specific performance tests of the photovoltaic modules prepared by glazing glass are shown in Table 15.

[0222] Performance testing of photovoltaic modules prepared from 15 glazed glass

[0223]

[0224] The above experiments show that, in terms of initial power, the photovoltaic module made of photovoltaic glass with a solidified grid-like white photovoltaic coating (hereinafter referred to as the coated glass module) has a slightly higher power than the photovoltaic module made of enamel-coated glass (hereinafter referred to as the enamel-coated glass module). After reliability testing, the power attenuation of the coated glass module is less than that of the enamel-coated glass module. After reliability testing, the appearance of the modules is better than that of the enamel-coated glass module, with slight discoloration at the enamel layer after PID288, while the coated glass module shows no abnormalities.

[0225] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0226] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of this application and form different embodiments. For example, in the foregoing claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this application and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A white, UV-curable resin composition, characterized in that, Its raw materials, by weight, include: 50-80 parts of oligomer resin, 3-25 parts of crosslinking agent, 0.5-4 parts of photoinitiator A, 1-5 parts of photoinitiator B, 0.05-3 parts of acid stabilizer, 0.1-3 parts of hydrolysis stabilizer, 0.2-3 parts of adhesion promoter, 10-50 parts of white pigment, and 1-5 parts of additives; The photoinitiator A includes α-hydroxy ketone compounds; The photoinitiator B comprises an acylphosphine oxide compound.

2. The white, UV-curable resin composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the following conditions must be met: A. The oligomer resin includes methacrylic resin and / or modified acrylic resin; B. The weight-average molecular weight of the oligomer resin is 1000-6000; C. The acid value of the oligomer resin is less than 3 mg KOH / g; D. The crosslinking agent includes one or more of monofunctional monomers, difunctional monomers, and multifunctional monomers; E. The α-hydroxy ketone compounds include one or more of 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)propanone, 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylpropanone, and 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl-2-methylpropanone; F. The acylphosphine oxide compound includes one or more of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide, bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphine oxide, and ethyl 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl phenylphosphinate; G. The antacids include alkaline earth metal oxides and / or alkaline earth metal hydroxides.

3. The white, UV-curable resin composition according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one of the following conditions must be met: A. The modified acrylic resin includes one or more of hydrogenated epoxy acrylic resin, polyester-modified acrylic resin, and silicone-modified acrylic resin; B. The monofunctional monomer includes methacrylate; C. The bifunctional monomer includes one or more of dipropylene glycol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, and dipropylene glycol acrylate; D. The multifunctional monomer includes one or more of triallyl isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, propoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate; E. The alkaline earth metal oxide includes one or more of MgO, BaO, and CaO; F. The alkaline earth metal hydroxide includes one or more of Mg(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2.

4. The white, UV-curable resin composition according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, At least one of the following conditions must be met: A. The anti-hydrolysis agent includes carbodiimide compounds and their derivatives; B. The adhesion promoter comprises one or more of methacryloxysilane, vinyl silane, vinyl epoxy resin, and acrylic epoxy resin; C. The white pigment includes one or more of rutile titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zinc barium white, and lead white; D. The additives include one or more of the following: dispersants, defoamers, leveling agents, and light stabilizers.

5. The white, UV-curable resin composition according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least one of the following conditions must be met: A. The carbodiimide compounds and their derivatives include one or more of the following: monomeric carbodiimide, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide, N,N'-diphenylcarbodiimide, N,N'-di(2,4-dimethylphenyl)carbodiimide, and polymeric carbodiimide antihydrolysis agents; B. The adhesion promoter comprises one or more of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane, 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane, and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl methacrylate.

6. A method for preparing the white, UV-curable resin composition according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The raw materials are mixed to prepare the white, UV-curable resin composition.

7. A photovoltaic coating, characterized in that, Its raw materials include the white, UV-curable resin composition as described in any one of claims 1-5.

8. A method for preparing the photovoltaic coating according to claim 7, characterized in that, include: The white, UV-curable resin composition is applied to the substrate surface and cured to obtain the photovoltaic coating.

9. The method for preparing a photovoltaic coating according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least one of the following conditions must be met: A. The thickness of the coating is 10μm-30μm; B. The coating is in the shape of a grid; C. The light intensity of the cured light is 2000 mw / cm². 2 -10000mw / cm 2 The time is 1-5 minutes; D. The substrate includes glass.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic coating includes the photovoltaic coating described in claim 7 or the photovoltaic coating prepared by the method described in claim 8 or 9.

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