Two-way self-adaptive lubricating device of gyratory crusher

Abstract

The invention discloses a gyratory crusher two-way self-adaptive lubricating device which comprises an oil supply pipeline provided with an oil supply inlet, a first oil supply outlet and a second oil supply outlet; the adjustable damping hole assembly comprises a first adjustable damping hole formed in an oil way from the oil supply inlet to the first oil supply outlet in a series connection mode. According to the double-way self-adaptive lubricating device of the gyratory crusher, the independent adjustable damping hole and a closed-loop control system are arranged, the flow of lubricating oil leading to the thrust bearing / eccentric bushing and the rack bushing can be monitored and adjusted in real time, and no matter how the system pressure fluctuates due to oil temperature changes or bearing clearance changes, the lubricating oil flow can be adjusted in real time. The controller can respond quickly, the actual flow of each path can be stabilized at a preset value all the time by adjusting the opening degree of the corresponding damping hole, and the technical problems of uneven flow distribution and insufficient local lubrication caused by pressure fluctuation of a traditional single-pump flow distribution system are solved fundamentally.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubrication in mining machinery, specifically a dual-path adaptive lubrication device for gyratory crushers. Background Technology

[0002] Gyratory crushers are widely used in coarse crushing operations in mines and sand and gravel production lines. Their lubrication system requires separate lubrication of the internal thrust bearing, eccentric bushing, and external frame bushing. Currently, most gyratory crushers use a single lubrication pump, with the lubrication flow split into two paths via a flow divider block. However, during equipment operation, factors such as changes in lubricating oil temperature and bearing clearance can cause fluctuations in lubrication pressure, leading to uneven flow distribution. One path may experience insufficient flow, potentially causing bushing burn-out or even seizure.

[0003] In view of this, a dual-path adaptive lubrication device for gyratory crushers is proposed to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a dual-path adaptive lubrication device for gyratory crushers, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dual-path adaptive lubrication device for a gyratory crusher, comprising: The oil supply pipeline has one oil supply inlet, one first oil supply outlet, and one second oil supply outlet; An adjustable damping orifice assembly includes a first adjustable damping orifice connected in series in the oil supply inlet to the first oil supply outlet oil passage, and a second adjustable damping orifice connected in series in the oil supply inlet to the second oil supply outlet oil passage. The pressure acquisition module is used to acquire the inlet pressure at the oil supply inlet, and the outlet pressure at the first oil supply outlet and the second oil supply outlet; The controller is connected to the pressure acquisition module and the adjustable damping orifice assembly respectively. The controller is configured as follows: Based on the pressure data collected by the pressure acquisition module, the first actual flow rate flowing through the first adjustable damping orifice and the second actual flow rate flowing through the second adjustable damping orifice are calculated respectively. Compare the first actual traffic flow and the second actual traffic flow with their respective preset traffic flow values; Based on the comparison results, output control signals are used to adjust the opening of the first adjustable damping orifice R1 and the second adjustable damping orifice R2 respectively, thereby achieving closed-loop control of the first actual flow rate and the second actual flow rate.

[0006] Preferably, the pressure acquisition module includes a first pressure sensor for detecting the oil supply inlet pressure, a second pressure sensor for detecting the first oil supply outlet pressure, and a third pressure sensor for detecting the second oil supply outlet pressure.

[0007] Preferably, the controller is configured to calculate the actual flow rate Q through any of the adjustable damping orifices based on the following physical model: Flow rate Q = α * A0 *

[0008] in, α The preset flow rate coefficient, A 0 represents the flow area calculated based on the real-time opening of the adjustable damping orifice, Δ P The pressure difference between the front and rear sides of the adjustable damping orifice. ρ Given a preset lubricating oil density, the pressure difference Δ across the first adjustable damping orifice is... P 1. Based on the inlet pressure and the first oil supply outlet pressure, calculate the pressure difference Δ across the second adjustable damping orifice. P 2. Calculate based on the inlet pressure and the second oil supply outlet pressure.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustable damping orifice assembly includes a damping orifice body, blades, a transmission mechanism, and a drive unit; The blade is rotatably disposed within the damping orifice body, and its rotation angle determines the flow opening of the damping orifice. The drive unit is connected to the blade via the transmission mechanism and is used to drive the blade to rotate; The drive unit is signal-connected to the controller and is used to receive and execute the controller's adjustment commands.

[0010] Preferably, the driving unit is a stepper motor; The transmission mechanism includes a drive gear fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor, an inner and outer gear ring meshing with the drive gear, and a blade gear meshing with the inner and outer gear ring. The blade is coaxially and fixedly connected to the blade gear.

[0011] Preferably, the controller is configured to perform the flow calculation, comparison and adjustment in a preset cycle to achieve dynamic real-time control of the lubrication flow.

[0012] Preferably, by continuously adjusting the opening of the adjustable damping orifice, independent and stepless adjustment of the flow rates of the first oil supply outlet Y1 and the second oil supply outlet Y2 can be achieved.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention relates to a dual-path adaptive lubrication device for a gyratory crusher. By setting up independent adjustable damping orifices and a closed-loop control system, it can monitor and adjust the flow rates of the two lubricating oil paths leading to the thrust bearing / eccentric bushing and the frame bushing in real time. Regardless of the fluctuations in system pressure caused by changes in oil temperature or bearing clearance, the controller can respond quickly and ensure that the actual flow rate of each path remains stable at the preset value by adjusting the opening of the corresponding damping orifice. This fundamentally solves the technical problems of uneven flow distribution and insufficient local lubrication caused by pressure fluctuations in traditional single-pump split systems. The dual-path adaptive lubrication device for the gyratory crusher uses a controller that calculates flow rate based on a well-defined fluid dynamics model (such as Bernoulli's equation). By directly collecting pressure data from the oil inlet and the two outlets, it accurately calculates the real-time flow rate of each branch. This direct calculation and feedback control method based on pressure difference and opening degree has higher control accuracy and response speed compared to simple pressure compensation or proportional flow splitting, enabling refined flow management. The dual-path adaptive lubrication device of this gyratory crusher adopts an adjustable damping orifice structure driven by a stepper motor. The rotation angle of the blades is precisely controlled through a gear transmission system, thereby continuously and smoothly changing the flow area of ​​the damping orifice. This stepless adjustment capability makes the flow control very stable, avoiding the pressure shock or flow change that may be caused by step adjustment, and further ensuring the stability of the lubrication system and the smooth operation of the bearing. The dual-path adaptive lubrication device for the gyratory crusher features a compact and reliable structure (blades, drive gears, internal and external gear rings, and blade gears) for the adjustable damping orifice assembly. It achieves mechanical adjustment through electrical drive, avoiding problems such as leakage and slow response that may exist in traditional hydraulic or pneumatic adjustment devices. This mechanical adjustment mechanism is resistant to oil and has strong anti-interference capabilities, making it suitable for long-term stable operation under harsh working conditions in mining equipment, thus improving the reliability and service life of the entire lubrication device. The dual-path adaptive lubrication device of this gyratory crusher has complete intelligent control functions such as real-time monitoring, automatic judgment and automatic adjustment. It can maintain the best lubrication state without manual intervention. This can not only effectively prevent serious mechanical failures such as bushing burning and bearing seizure caused by poor lubrication, but also significantly reduce unplanned downtime and high maintenance costs. At the same time, it reduces the dependence on the experience of operators and maintenance personnel, and improves the overall intelligent management level and safe operation guarantee of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the damping orifice closed structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the damping orifice opening structure of the present invention.

[0015] in; X, fuel inlet; Y1, first fuel outlet; Y2, second fuel outlet; R1, first adjustable damping orifice; R2, second adjustable damping orifice; 1. Blade; 2. Drive gear; 3. Internal and external gear rings; 4. Blade gear. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This invention provides a dual-path adaptive lubrication device for a gyratory crusher; comprising: The oil supply pipeline has an oil inlet X, a first oil outlet Y1, and a second oil outlet Y2. The oil inlet X is connected to the main lubrication pump outlet of the gyratory crusher through a pipeline to receive the lubricating oil pumped out. The first oil outlet Y1 is connected to the thrust bearing and eccentric bushing inside the gyratory crusher that require lubrication through a pipeline. The second oil outlet Y2 is connected to the frame bushing outside the gyratory crusher through a pipeline, thereby realizing independent dual-path delivery of lubricating oil.

[0018] The adjustable damping orifice assembly includes a first adjustable damping orifice R1 connected in series in the oil supply inlet X to the first oil supply outlet Y1 oil passage, and a second adjustable damping orifice R2 connected in series in the oil supply inlet X to the second oil supply outlet Y2 oil passage; that is, after the lubricating oil flows in from the oil supply inlet X, it flows through the throttling channels of the first adjustable damping orifice R1 and the second adjustable damping orifice R2 respectively, and then flows to their respective outlets. The flow rate of the lubricating oil flowing through the branch can be adjusted by changing the opening of the damping orifice.

[0019] The pressure acquisition module is used to acquire the inlet pressure at the oil supply inlet X, and the outlet pressure at the first oil supply outlet Y1 and the second oil supply outlet Y2. The controller is connected to the pressure acquisition module and the adjustable damping orifice assembly respectively. The controller is configured as follows: Based on the pressure data collected by the pressure acquisition module, the first actual flow rate through the first adjustable damping orifice R1 and the second actual flow rate through the second adjustable damping orifice R2 are calculated respectively. Compare the first and second actual traffic volumes with their respective preset traffic values; Based on the comparison results, output control signals are used to adjust the opening of the first adjustable damping orifice R1 and the second adjustable damping orifice R2 respectively, thereby achieving closed-loop control of the first and second actual flow rates.

[0020] The pressure acquisition module includes a first pressure sensor for detecting the pressure at the oil supply inlet X, a second pressure sensor for detecting the pressure at the first oil supply outlet Y1, and a third pressure sensor for detecting the pressure at the second oil supply outlet Y2.

[0021] The first pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline at the oil inlet X or at the valve block interface to detect the common inlet pressure P0; the second pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline at the first oil outlet Y1 to detect the first outlet pressure P1; and the third pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline at the second oil outlet Y2 to detect the second outlet pressure P2. Each pressure sensor is connected to the controller via a signal line, transmitting pressure signals to the controller in real time.

[0022] The controller is configured to calculate the actual flow rate Q through any of the adjustable damping orifices based on the following physical model: Flow rate Q = α * A0 *

[0023] in, α The preset flow rate coefficient, A 0 represents the flow area calculated based on the real-time opening of the adjustable damping orifice, Δ P The pressure difference between the front and rear sides of the adjustable damping orifice. ρ Given a preset lubricating oil density, the pressure difference Δ across the first adjustable damping orifice R1 is... P 1. Based on the inlet pressure and the first oil supply outlet pressure Y1, calculate the pressure difference Δ across the second adjustable damping orifice R2. P 2. Based on the inlet pressure and the second oil outlet pressure Y2, ΔP2 = P0 - P2 is calculated. The flow coefficient α and lubricating oil density ρ can be pre-determined experimentally according to the lubricating oil grade used and stored in the controller's memory. The flow area A0 is functionally related to the opening of the adjustable damping orifice (e.g., blade angle). This functional relationship can be obtained through calibration and stored in the controller. The controller can look up or calculate the current A0 value based on the real-time stepper motor angle (corresponding to the blade angle).

[0024] The adjustable damping orifice assembly includes a damping orifice body, blade 1, a transmission mechanism, and a drive unit; The blade 1 is rotatably mounted in the damping orifice body, and its rotation angle determines the flow opening of the damping orifice. The rotation of the blade 1 will change the size of the throttling window formed by it and the inner wall of the damping orifice body, thereby continuously and steplessly changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel through which the lubricating oil flows, and realizing precise regulation of the flow rate.

[0025] The drive unit is connected to the blade via a transmission mechanism and is used to drive the blade 1 to rotate; The drive unit is connected to the controller signal and is used to receive and execute the controller's adjustment commands.

[0026] The drive unit is a stepper motor; The transmission mechanism includes a drive gear 2 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor, an inner and outer gear ring 3 meshing with the drive gear, and a blade gear 4 meshing with the inner and outer gear rings. The blade 1 and the blade gear 4 are coaxially fixedly connected. The controller controls the forward or reverse rotation and rotation angle of the stepper motor by sending pulse signals to the stepper motor. The stepper motor drives the drive gear 2 to rotate, the drive gear 2 drives the inner and outer gear rings 3 to rotate, and the inner and outer gear rings 3 then drive the blade gear 4 and the blade 1 fixed on it to rotate, thereby realizing the conversion of the controller's electrical signal command into mechanical adjustment of the blade 1 angle.

[0027] The controller is configured to perform flow calculation, comparison, and adjustment in a preset cycle to achieve dynamic real-time control of lubrication flow. Specifically, the controller reads the values ​​of three pressure sensors according to a set sampling period, such as once or multiple times per second, calculates the actual flow of two channels, and compares it with the user-preset target flow values ​​Q1_set and Q2_set. If the actual flow of one channel is lower than its set value, the controller sends a command to the stepper motor corresponding to that channel to rotate a certain angle to increase the blade opening, thereby increasing the flow area A0 and thus increasing the flow of that channel. Conversely, if the flow is higher than the set value, the controller controls to reduce the opening. This process is repeated cyclically to form a negative feedback closed-loop control system that can automatically adapt to system pressure fluctuations caused by changes in oil temperature, viscosity, bearing clearance, etc.

[0028] By continuously adjusting the opening of the adjustable damping orifice, the flow rates of the first oil supply outlet Y1 and the second oil supply outlet Y2 can be independently and steplessly adjusted. Since the two damping orifices and control circuits are completely independent, the two lubrication flow rates can be stabilized at their respective required set values ​​without interference, ensuring that both the internal and external bushings of the gyratory crusher receive sufficient and constant lubrication.

[0029] All electrical components mentioned in this article are connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power, and the main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer that can control it.

[0030] The working steps of the device in this invention are as follows: Connect the oil inlet X of the device to the outlet of the crusher lubrication pump, and connect the first and second oil outlets (Y1, Y2) to the internal bearing and the external bushing that need lubrication, respectively. Set the target flow rate value required for each of the two lubricating oils through the controller. Start the crusher and lubrication system. After the controller is powered on, it will automatically initialize. The pressure sensor will start working, and the two adjustable damping orifices will be set to the initial opening. The device enters fully automatic working mode. The controller continuously monitors the pressure at the inlet and two outlets and calculates the actual flow rate of the two outlets in real time. Once it detects that the actual flow rate of one outlet deviates from its set value, the controller will immediately and automatically adjust the opening of the corresponding adjustable damping orifice to quickly restore and stabilize the flow rate at the set value. This process is completely adaptive and requires no manual intervention, which can effectively cope with disturbances caused by changes in oil temperature and viscosity. When the equipment stops running, the lubrication pump shuts off, and the controller stops working or enters a low-power standby state.

[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dual-path adaptive lubrication device for a gyratory crusher, characterized in that: include: The oil supply pipeline has one oil supply inlet (X), one first oil supply outlet (Y1), and one second oil supply outlet (Y2). The adjustable damping orifice assembly includes a first adjustable damping orifice (R1) connected in series in the oil supply inlet (X) to the first oil supply outlet (Y1) oil passage, and a second adjustable damping orifice (R2) connected in series in the oil supply inlet (X) to the second oil supply outlet (Y2) oil passage. The pressure acquisition module is used to acquire the inlet pressure at the oil supply inlet (X) and the outlet pressure at the first oil supply outlet (Y1) and the second oil supply outlet (Y2); The controller is connected to the pressure acquisition module and the adjustable damping orifice assembly respectively. The controller is configured as follows: Based on the pressure data collected by the pressure acquisition module, the first actual flow rate flowing through the first adjustable damping orifice (R1) and the second actual flow rate flowing through the second adjustable damping orifice (R2) are calculated respectively. Compare the first actual traffic flow and the second actual traffic flow with their respective preset traffic flow values; Based on the comparison results, output control signals are used to adjust the opening of the first adjustable damping orifice (R1) and the second adjustable damping orifice (R2) respectively, thereby achieving closed-loop control of the first actual flow rate and the second actual flow rate.

2. The dual-path adaptive lubrication device for a gyratory crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure acquisition module includes a first pressure sensor for detecting the pressure at the oil inlet (X), a second pressure sensor for detecting the pressure at the first oil outlet (Y1), and a third pressure sensor for detecting the pressure at the second oil outlet (Y2).

3. The dual-path adaptive lubrication device for a gyratory crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller is configured to calculate the actual flow rate Q through any of the adjustable damping orifices based on the following physical model: Flow rate Q = α * A0 * ; Wherein, α is the preset flow coefficient, A0 is the flow area calculated based on the real-time opening of the adjustable damping orifice, ΔP is the pressure difference between the front and back sides of the adjustable damping orifice, and ρ is the preset lubricating oil density. For the first adjustable damping orifice (R1), the pressure difference ΔP1 is calculated based on the inlet pressure and the pressure of the first oil supply outlet (Y1); for the second adjustable damping orifice (R2), the pressure difference ΔP2 is calculated based on the inlet pressure and the pressure of the second oil supply outlet (Y2).

4. The dual-path adaptive lubrication device for a gyratory crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable damping orifice assembly includes a damping orifice body, blades (1), a transmission mechanism, and a drive unit; The blade (1) is rotatably disposed within the damping orifice body, and its rotation angle determines the flow opening of the damping orifice. The drive unit is connected to the blade through the transmission mechanism and is used to drive the blade (1) to rotate; The drive unit is signal-connected to the controller and is used to receive and execute the controller's adjustment commands.

5. The dual-path adaptive lubrication device for a gyratory crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive unit is a stepper motor; The transmission mechanism includes a drive gear (2) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor, an inner and outer gear ring (3) meshing with the drive gear, and a blade gear (4) meshing with the inner and outer gear ring. The blade (1) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the blade gear (4).

6. The dual-path adaptive lubrication device for a gyratory crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is configured to perform flow rate calculation, comparison and adjustment in a preset cycle to achieve dynamic real-time control of lubrication flow rate.

7. The dual-path adaptive lubrication device for a gyratory crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: By continuously adjusting the opening of the adjustable damping orifice, independent and stepless adjustment of the flow rates of the first oil supply outlet (Y1) and the second oil supply outlet (Y2) can be achieved.

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