Low-temperature carbonization furnace based on argon atmosphere
By using a horizontal continuous double pusher furnace design and an argon atmosphere, the problem of low production efficiency in batch furnaces has been solved, enabling continuous processing and temperature control, improving production efficiency, and meeting high-standard production requirements.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing batch-type low-temperature carbonization furnaces have low production efficiency, cannot continuously process multiple batches of products, and have strict requirements for temperature control and atmosphere, which cannot meet the needs of high-efficiency production.
The design adopts a horizontal continuous double-push plate furnace, which utilizes an argon atmosphere and achieves continuous material feeding and temperature control through the sealed isolation of the feeding chamber, furnace body and discharging chamber, combined with internal heating device and multi-layer material furnace wall, to prevent condensation of carbonization tail gas.
It improves production efficiency, enables continuous material processing, ensures temperature uniformity and atmosphere sealing, prevents tail gas condensation, and meets high-standard production requirements.
Smart Images
Figure CN121739736A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of continuous pusher furnace technology, specifically relating to a low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere. Background Technology
[0002] The low-temperature carbonization furnace performs low-temperature carbonization treatment on the final pressed pellets. The final pressed pellets contain phenolic resin. The process involves heating the pellets to 800℃, where the phenolic resin decomposes into coke resin char to improve the physical properties of the pellets. During this process, phenol-containing waste gas is generated and needs to be discharged from the furnace body via an argon gas carrier for tail gas treatment.
[0003] Due to increased production line output, it is necessary to increase the number of products that can undergo low-temperature carbonization per hour to improve production efficiency. The original process used a batch-type low-temperature carbonization furnace, which continuously heats the material until the process temperature is reached, but this method can only process one batch of products at a time. Continuous furnaces have extremely strict requirements for temperature uniformity and control. The material needs to undergo heating and cooling processes in multiple temperature zones from feeding to discharging. The low-temperature carbonization process requires precise temperature control in each zone and argon atmosphere within the furnace. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere, which can solve the problem that batch furnaces in the original production process can only process one batch of products at a time, thus significantly improving production efficiency.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere includes a feeding chamber, a furnace body, a heating device, and a discharging chamber. The feeding chamber, furnace body, and discharging chamber are connected in sequence. The heating device is installed inside the furnace body. The discharging chamber includes an outer gate, a discharging chamber, and an inner gate. The discharging chamber is equipped with a guide rail and a limiting mechanism. The outer gate is located between the furnace body and the discharging chamber to isolate the atmosphere in the discharging chamber from the atmosphere inside the heating furnace. The inner gate is located at the connection between the discharging chamber and the material conveying device to isolate the atmosphere in the discharging chamber from the external atmosphere.
[0006] The feeding chamber includes an external gate for the feeding chamber, an internal gate for the feeding chamber, a main pusher, a side pusher, and a feeding cavity. The side pusher is located at the lower part of the main pusher, and the internal gate for the feeding chamber is located at the side end of the main pusher. The feeding cavity is located outside the internal gate for the feeding chamber, and the internal gate for the feeding chamber is located between the main pusher and the feeding cavity. The external gate for the feeding chamber is located at the upper part of the feeding cavity.
[0007] The feeding chamber is a single-layer structure used to load the material tray and push plate. It is equipped with guide rails and limiting mechanisms. The feeding chamber is a rectangular chamber, and limiting mechanisms are set on both sides of the guide rails.
[0008] The furnace body includes a K-type thermocouple, a furnace shell, a furnace top, a furnace lining, and an internal furnace track. The internal furnace track is located below the furnace body and is surrounded by a furnace lining. The furnace top is located on top of the furnace lining. The furnace top, furnace lining, and internal furnace track are all enclosed within the furnace shell. The K-type thermocouple is inserted into the side wall of the furnace shell.
[0009] The furnace track is made of five layers, from the inside out: alumina hollow spheres, heavy high-alumina bricks, three layers of DJM23 mullite standard bricks, and push plates and material trays running along the furnace track.
[0010] The furnace top material consists of four layers, from the inside out: alumina hollow spheres, a fiber blanket with a temperature resistance of 1260℃, and two layers of fiber blankets with a temperature resistance of 1000℃.
[0011] The furnace lining material consists of six layers, from the inside out: alumina hollow spheres, DJM26 mullite standard bricks, ceramic fiber boards with a temperature resistance of 1000℃, fiber blankets with a temperature resistance of 1000℃, and two layers of fiber blankets with a temperature resistance of 1000℃.
[0012] The heating device adopts an internal heating method, including an upper heating element and a lower heating element. The heating elements are arranged inside the furnace shell and the insulation layer, and use heating wire + quartz protective tube. The upper heating element and the lower heating element are placed horizontally.
[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This equipment adopts a horizontal continuous double pusher plate furnace design, which can ensure the continuous feeding and discharging of materials, greatly improve production efficiency, and prevent carbonization tail gas from condensing in the furnace. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace body; Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of the heating device; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge chamber; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the intake and exhaust system.
[0015] In the diagram: 1. External gate for feeding, 2. Internal gate for feeding, 3. Main pusher, 4. Side pusher, 5. Feeding chamber, 6. K-type thermocouple, 7. Furnace shell, 8. Dome, 9. Furnace lining, 10. Internal track, 11. Upper heating element, 12. Lower heating element, 13. External gate, 14. Discharge chamber, 15. Internal gate. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0017] The present invention provides a low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere, which solves the shortcomings of existing production processes and meets high-standard production requirements. It adopts a horizontal continuous double pusher plate furnace design, which can continuously feed and discharge materials. The pusher plates realize feeding and discharging through a transmission mechanism. While ensuring the sealing of the furnace body, it ensures that the furnace wall temperature is below 60°C. The material conveying system can operate stably and reliably for a long time.
[0018] A low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere includes a feeding chamber, a furnace body, a heating device, and a discharging chamber, wherein the feeding chamber, the furnace body, and the discharging chamber are connected in sequence, and the heating device is installed inside the furnace body.
[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the feeding chamber includes an outer gate 1, an inner gate 2, a main pusher 3, a side pusher 4, and a feeding chamber 5. The feeding chamber 5 is used to load the material tray and pusher plate. The feeding chamber 5 has a single-layer structure and is equipped with guide rails and a limiting mechanism to limit the forward direction of the pusher plate, preventing the material tray and pusher plate from directly rubbing against the inner wall of the feeding chamber and ensuring their smooth entry into the furnace. The feeding chamber 5 is a rectangular chamber; static simulation was performed during the design to ensure that the vacuum chamber of the chamber does not deform.
[0020] The outer gate 1 of the feeding chamber is located on the side of the feeding chamber, isolating the atmosphere of the feeding chamber from the external atmosphere. When the gate opens, the material trays and carts on the material conveying system are pushed into the feeding chamber. After the pusher plate enters the feeding chamber, the feeding chamber is purged with argon gas to ensure that the oxygen content in the feeding chamber meets the requirements. When the furnace pressure in the feeding chamber is equal to the furnace pressure in the furnace body, the furnace door opens, and the side pusher pushes the material trays and pusher plate on the material conveying system into the furnace. The inner gate 2 of the feeding chamber is located between the chamber and the furnace body, used to isolate the atmosphere in the chamber from the atmosphere in the furnace body. When the door opens, the side pusher pushes the material and carts from the feeding chamber to the front end of the main pusher. A sealing ring is used between the gate and the chamber to ensure no leakage during long-term operation.
[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the furnace body includes a K-type thermocouple 6, a furnace shell 7, a furnace top 8, a furnace lining 9, and an internal furnace track 10. The K-type thermocouple is used to measure the actual temperature inside the furnace body. The internal furnace track 10 is located below the furnace body and is surrounded by the furnace lining 9. The furnace top 8 is located on the top of the furnace lining 9. The furnace top 8, the furnace lining 9, and the internal furnace track 10 are all enclosed inside the furnace shell 7. The K-type thermocouple 6 is inserted into the side wall of the furnace shell 7.
[0022] The furnace inner track 10 is made of five layers, from the inside out: 35mm hollow alumina spheres, heavy high-alumina bricks, and three layers of 65mm DJM23 mullite standard bricks. It has certain stability and bending strength and will not deform after long-term use. The furnace inner track structure is designed for easy installation, with smooth joint transitions. The push plate and material tray run smoothly and reliably along the furnace inner guide rails, and the maintenance method is convenient and reliable. The furnace top 8 is made of four layers, from the inside out: 114mm hollow alumina spheres, 50mm fiber blanket with a temperature resistance of 1260℃, and two layers of 50mm fiber blanket with a temperature resistance of 1000℃. The furnace lining 9 is made of six layers, from the inside out: 114mm hollow alumina spheres, 35mm DJM26 mullite standard bricks, 50mm ceramic fiber board with a temperature resistance of 1000℃, 20mm fiber blanket with a temperature resistance of 1000℃, and two layers of 50mm fiber blanket with a temperature resistance of 1000℃. It can ensure that the furnace shell temperature is below 60℃. The inner track 10 is equipped with limiting devices on both sides to prevent the pusher plate from deviating during operation and to correct its movement in a timely manner. The pusher plate advances on the inner track by sliding friction. The pusher plate is made of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant material, and its deformation is small during repeated heating and cooling processes. There is no "sticking" phenomenon between the front and rear material cars during the movement.
[0023] The pusher plate operates in a boat-like manner within the furnace. The guide rails are installed horizontally with smooth transitions at the joints. Position detection is implemented at each positioning point to ensure reliable operation. If jamming occurs, it can be monitored by increasing the hydraulic pressure in the cylinder, allowing for appropriate measures to be taken. This ensures smooth operation of the pusher plate within the furnace without any jamming.
[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the heating device employs internal heating, comprising an upper heating element 11 and a lower heating element 12. The heating elements are arranged inside the furnace shell and insulation layer to ensure temperature uniformity in the heating zone. The heating elements have uniform resistance distribution and utilize heating wires and quartz protective tubes to prevent direct exposure within the furnace chamber and to prevent corrosion from exhaust gases generated by phenolic resin decomposition. The ends of the heating chamber are sealed with ceramic fiber material to effectively address the issue of high-temperature expansion of the heating elements. The heating elements heat the materials inside the furnace, enabling them to complete the entire heat treatment process. The furnace body adopts a segmented modular design based on the distribution of the heating zones, facilitating the maintenance and replacement of the heating elements and furnace lining. The heating elements inside the furnace are horizontally placed vertically with independent temperature control at each level. The structure is rational, disassembly is simple, and maintenance is convenient, allowing for online replacement when necessary.
[0025] Meanwhile, the walls on both sides of the heating element are equipped with an air intake system to ensure airtightness and effectively reduce the entry of contaminants into the heating chamber, while also protecting the heating wiring. The heating element terminals are made of stainless steel, and the heating element is insulated from the furnace body. The heating element has a reasonable structural design, preventing breakage even after prolonged use, and is easy to maintain. All heating elements are equipped with voltage and current monitoring; abnormal electrical parameters can indicate the heater's status. Insulation resistance must be measured before reheating after each furnace shutdown for maintenance.
[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the discharge chamber includes an outer gate 13, a discharge chamber 14, and an inner gate 15. The discharge chamber 14 is equipped with guide rails and a limiting mechanism to limit the forward direction and axial position of the material tray and the push plate, so that the material tray and the push plate do not directly rub against the wall of the discharge chamber and ensure that they are smoothly sent out of the discharge chamber.
[0027] The outer gate 13 is located between the heating furnace body and the discharge chamber, and is used to isolate the atmosphere of the discharge chamber from the atmosphere inside the heating furnace body. When the door is opened, the material tray and push plate can be pushed from the furnace body into the discharge chamber. The inner gate 15 is located at the connection between the discharge chamber and the material conveying device, and is used to isolate the atmosphere of the discharge chamber from the outside atmosphere. The discharge chamber is purged with argon gas and then replaced with vacuum gas. When the furnace pressure in the discharge chamber is equal to the furnace pressure in the furnace body, the discharge chamber door is opened, and the material tray and push plate are pushed from the discharge chamber onto the material conveying system. The gate and the cavity are sealed with high-temperature resistant sealing material.
[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, materials produce a large amount of phenolic resin pyrolysis products at high temperatures, the main component of which is phenol. Phenol is toxic and explosive. Therefore, the above factors must be considered in the design, and it must be ensured that the pyrolysis products do not condense in the furnace cooling zone or the inlet and outlet chambers to prevent tar and other substances from condensing inside the pipes.
[0029] The air intake duct is divided into a warm zone air intake, a cooling zone air intake and a water-cooled air intake. The air distribution column is made of SUS304 material, and the air outlet is designed to prevent carbon black deposition.
[0030] The airflow organization along the length of the furnace should be orderly from the inlet and outlet chambers towards the tail gas outlet of the furnace body; the airflow organization along the cross-section of the furnace should be from the bottom to the top of the furnace body to prevent phenolic resin cracking products from entering the inlet and outlet chambers. The furnace body adopts a one-piece bending and integral forming furnace chamber, which greatly reduces the furnace body welds and ensures that the oxygen content in the furnace is below 500 ppm.
[0031] The features of this invention are as follows: 1. The furnace body is composed of a variety of materials with alumina hollow spherical bricks as the base, which reduces the furnace wall temperature while ensuring the airtightness of the low-temperature carbonization furnace.
[0032] 2. The main gas atmosphere inside the furnace is argon, and the gas flows from both ends of the furnace to the middle, which can prevent the carbonization tail gas from condensing inside the furnace.
Claims
1. A low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere, characterized in that: It includes a feeding chamber, a furnace body, a heating device, and a discharging chamber. The feeding chamber, furnace body, and discharging chamber are connected in sequence. The heating device is installed inside the furnace body. The discharging chamber includes an outer gate, a discharging chamber, and an inner gate. The discharging chamber is equipped with guide rails and a limiting mechanism. The outer gate is located between the furnace body and the discharging chamber to isolate the atmosphere in the discharging chamber from the atmosphere inside the heating furnace. The inner gate is located at the connection between the discharging chamber and the material conveying device to isolate the atmosphere in the discharging chamber from the external atmosphere.
2. The low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding chamber includes an external gate for the feeding chamber, an internal gate for the feeding chamber, a main pusher, a side pusher, and a feeding cavity. The side pusher is located at the lower part of the main pusher, and the internal gate for the feeding chamber is located at the side end of the main pusher. The feeding cavity is located outside the internal gate for the feeding chamber, and the internal gate for the feeding chamber is located between the main pusher and the feeding cavity. The external gate for the feeding chamber is located at the upper part of the feeding cavity.
3. The low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding chamber is a single-layer structure used to load the material tray and push plate. It is equipped with guide rails and limiting mechanisms. The feeding chamber is a rectangular chamber, and limiting mechanisms are set on both sides of the guide rails.
4. The low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body includes a K-type thermocouple, a furnace shell, a furnace top, a furnace lining, and an internal furnace track. The internal furnace track is located below the furnace body and is surrounded by a furnace lining. The furnace top is located on top of the furnace lining. The furnace top, furnace lining, and internal furnace track are all enclosed within the furnace shell. The K-type thermocouple is inserted into the side wall of the furnace shell.
5. The low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The furnace track is made of five layers, from the inside out: alumina hollow spheres, heavy high-alumina bricks, three layers of DJM23 mullite standard bricks, and push plates and material trays running along the furnace track.
6. The low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The furnace top material consists of four layers, from the inside out: alumina hollow spheres, a fiber blanket with a temperature resistance of 1260℃, and two layers of fiber blankets with a temperature resistance of 1000℃.
7. The low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The furnace lining material consists of six layers, from the inside out: alumina hollow spheres, DJM26 mullite standard bricks, ceramic fiber boards with a temperature resistance of 1000℃, fiber blankets with a temperature resistance of 1000℃, and two layers of fiber blankets with a temperature resistance of 1000℃.
8. A low-temperature carbonization furnace based on an argon atmosphere as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The heating device adopts an internal heating method, including an upper heating element and a lower heating element. The heating elements are arranged inside the furnace shell and the insulation layer, and use heating wire + quartz protective tube. The upper heating element and the lower heating element are placed horizontally.