Descaling type heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, and discloses a descaling type heat exchanger which comprises a supporting seat and a shell, an even distribution pipe and a plurality of heat exchange pipes are arranged in the shell, a through groove is formed in the top of the shell, a fixing ring is arranged at the top of the shell, a sliding groove is formed in the fixing ring, and the descaling type heat exchanger further comprises a descaling mechanism and a sealing mechanism. The descaling mechanism comprises a scraping plate slidably connected to the exterior of the heat exchange pipe, meshes are formed in the surface of the scraping plate, the scraping plate is fixedly connected with a control column through a connecting plate, the control column penetrates through the through groove, a sliding block is arranged on the outer wall of the control column, the sliding block is clamped in the sliding groove, and the sealing mechanism comprises a sealing cover detachably installed above the fixing ring. According to the invention, through the cooperation of the scraper with meshes and the external control column, physical descaling is carried out on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube without dismounting the shell, the problem that the heat exchange efficiency is reduced due to scaling is effectively solved, and the sealing property and the heat preservation property except for descaling operation are ensured through the special structure of the sealing cover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchange equipment technology, and more particularly to a descaling heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are a common type of heat exchange equipment widely used in industrial production processes such as chemical engineering and heating. Shell-and-tube heat exchangers mainly use internal heat exchange tubes as heat transfer elements. Two fluids at different temperatures flow through the tube side and the shell side of the heat exchange tubes, respectively. The fluids transfer heat through the tube walls to achieve the purpose of heating or cooling.

[0003] However, industrial fluids contain various minerals and impurities. During long-term flow and heat exchange, minerals precipitate and adhere to the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes, forming a hard scale layer. The thermal conductivity of the scale layer is much lower than that of the metal tube wall. The thickening of the scale layer will significantly reduce the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tubes, leading to increased energy consumption. The current heat exchanger structure is a closed design. When the scale on the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes is severely accumulated, the staff needs to stop the equipment operation, disassemble the shell and the internal tube bundle, and then remove the scale by manual brushing or chemical soaking. This cleaning method is not only cumbersome and has a long maintenance cycle, but the chemical agents will also cause corrosion damage to the heat exchange tubes. Therefore, the existing heat exchangers lack a cleaning structure that can easily remove the scale from the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes without completely disassembling the main structure.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes a descaling heat exchanger to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art, where hard scale accumulates on the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes during long-term operation of shell-and-tube heat exchangers and there is a lack of a structure that allows for convenient physical descaling without disassembling the main body, resulting in reduced heat exchange efficiency and cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive maintenance, the present invention aims to provide a descaling heat exchanger with an improved structure that can effectively solve the above problems.

[0006] The present invention provides a descaling heat exchanger, including a support base and a housing fixedly connected to the top of the support base. The housing is connected to an inlet water pipe and an outlet water pipe, and is also connected to an inlet liquid pipe and an outlet liquid pipe. Inside the housing, there are equal distribution pipes that are respectively connected to the inlet liquid pipe and the outlet liquid pipe, as well as a plurality of heat exchange pipes connected between the two equal distribution pipes, a descaling mechanism and a sealing mechanism.

[0007] The top of the housing has a through groove, and a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the housing outside the through groove. The fixing ring has a sliding groove inside.

[0008] Furthermore, the descaling mechanism includes a scraper slidably connected to the outside of the heat exchange tube. The scraper has mesh holes on its surface for the heat exchange tube to pass through. The scraper is fixedly connected to a connecting plate. A control column is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate. The control column passes through the through groove and a slider is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the control column. The slider is engaged inside the groove. The sealing mechanism includes a sealing cover, which is detachably installed above the fixing ring.

[0009] Preferably, there are two scrapers, which are fixedly connected by the connecting plate. The scrapers can be driven by the control column to move in the horizontal direction. The synergistic effect of the two scrapers can improve the stability and efficiency of descaling.

[0010] Preferably, the number of mesh openings corresponds one-to-one with the number of heat exchange tubes, the mesh opening walls are used to scrape the heat exchange tubes, and the inner diameter of the mesh openings is closely matched with the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes to ensure the scraping effect.

[0011] Preferably, an observation window is provided on the front side of the shell. The observation window is made of a transparent material, through which the scaling condition and descaling effect of the heat exchange tubes inside the shell can be directly monitored.

[0012] Preferably, a reserved hole is provided on one side of the sealing cover. When the sealing cover is installed above the fixing ring, the control post passes through the reserved hole, and the reserved hole squeezes the control post to form a seal. This structure ensures the sealing of the part of the control post that passes through.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the sealing cover has a cover groove, which engages with the top of the fixing ring to form a seal. The cooperation between the groove and the ring increases the sealing path and prevents fluid from leaking from the top edge.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the sealing cover is provided with a thermal insulation sealing block. When the sealing cover is installed above the fixing ring, the thermal insulation sealing block fills the through groove, and the thermal insulation sealing block plays a dual role in blocking thermal bridges and enhancing the seal.

[0015] Preferably, the upper left end of the housing is connected to the water inlet pipe, the lower right end of the housing is connected to the water outlet pipe, the upper right end of the housing is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the lower left end of the housing is connected to the liquid outlet pipe. This diagonal arrangement is conducive to the formation of sufficient turbulence and heat exchange of the fluid inside the housing.

[0016] Preferably, the portions of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe located within the housing are both connected to the distribution pipe, and the heat exchange pipe is connected between the two distribution pipes. The inlet pipe, the right-side distribution pipe, the heat exchange pipe, the left-side distribution pipe, and the outlet pipe form a wrapped flow channel, thereby constructing a complete and independent tube-side fluid loop.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention solves the problem of reduced heat exchange efficiency caused by the difficulty in cleaning the outer wall of the heat exchange tube without disassembly after scaling, by setting a scraper with mesh on the outside of the heat exchange tube and using a connecting plate and a control column extending to the outside of the shell to drive the scraper to move back and forth along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube. This invention achieves the effect of conveniently achieving internal physical scaling through external operation, keeping the surface of the heat exchange tube clean, and thus maintaining high-efficiency heat exchange performance.

[0018] 2. This invention solves the problem of sealing failure and heat loss caused by opening a through groove on the top of the shell to achieve external descaling by setting a sealing cover including a reserved hole, a cover groove and a bottom heat insulation sealing block. It achieves the effect of effectively sealing the shell and preventing fluid leakage during non-descaling operations, and achieving good heat insulation by filling the gap of the through groove.

[0019] 3. This invention solves the problem that operators cannot directly see the degree of scaling on the surface of the heat exchange tubes inside the shell by installing a transparent observation window on the side wall of the shell. It enables real-time visual monitoring of the internal condition, so as to accurately determine whether descaling is required based on the actual scaling situation, thereby improving the convenience and scientific nature of equipment maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a descaling heat exchanger proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the shell of a descaling heat exchanger proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper of a descaling heat exchanger proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the sealing cover of a descaling heat exchanger proposed in this invention.

[0021] Legend: 1. Support base; 2. Shell; 3. Inlet pipe; 4. Outlet pipe; 5. Liquid inlet pipe; 6. Liquid outlet pipe; 7. Distribution pipe; 8. Heat exchanger tube; 9. Descaling mechanism; 901. Observation window; 902. Scraper; 903. Connecting plate; 904. Mesh; 905. Control column; 906. Through groove; 907. Fixing ring; 908. Slide groove; 909. Sliding block; 10. Sealing mechanism; 1001. Sealing cover; 1002. Reserved hole; 1003. Cover groove; 1004. Thermal insulation sealing block. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This invention provides a descaling heat exchanger, which aims to solve the technical problem that scale will adhere to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 8 of the existing shell and tube heat exchanger during long-term operation and is difficult to clean without disassembling the main structure, thus reducing the heat exchange efficiency.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The descaling heat exchanger includes a support base 1 and a shell 2 fixedly connected to the top of the support base 1. The support base 1 provides a stable support foundation for the shell 2. The shell 2 forms a cavity to accommodate fluid for heat exchange. The upper left end of the shell 2 is connected to an inlet pipe 3, and the lower right end of the shell 2 is connected to an outlet pipe 4. The inlet pipe 3 and the outlet pipe 4 are used for the input and output of the shell-side fluid, respectively. An observation window 901 is installed on the front side wall of the shell 2. The observation window 901 is located in the heat exchange area inside the shell 2. The observation window 901 is made of a transparent material. The observation window 901 and the shell 2 are sealed together by a sealing gasket. The observation window 901 allows for direct monitoring of the scaling inside the shell 2 to determine whether descaling is required.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 2The upper right end of the shell 2 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 5, and the lower left end of the shell 2 is connected to the liquid outlet pipe 6. The parts of the liquid inlet pipe 5 and the liquid outlet pipe 6 located inside the shell 2 are connected to the distribution pipe 7. The liquid inlet pipe 5 is used for the input of the tube-side fluid, and the liquid outlet pipe 6 is used for the output of the tube-side fluid. Multiple heat exchange tubes 8 are connected between the two distribution pipes 7. The multiple heat exchange tubes 8 are arranged in parallel between the two distribution pipes 7. The liquid inlet pipe 5 is connected to the multiple heat exchange tubes 8 through the right distribution pipe 7, and the multiple heat exchange tubes 8 are connected to the liquid outlet pipe 6 through the left distribution pipe 7. The liquid inlet pipe 5, the right distribution pipe 7, the heat exchange tubes 8, the left distribution pipe 7 and the liquid outlet pipe 6 together form a wrapped flow channel. The distribution pipe 7 is used to evenly distribute the incoming liquid to each heat exchange tube 8 or to concentrate the liquid flowing out of each heat exchange tube 8 to the liquid outlet pipe 6. The heat exchange tubes 8 act as heat transfer medium to transfer the heat of the fluid inside the tube to the fluid outside the tube or vice versa.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top of the shell 2 has a through groove 906 along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 8. The through groove 906 penetrates the inner and outer walls of the shell 2. A fixing ring 907 is fixedly connected to the top of the shell 2 around the through groove 906. A sliding groove 908 is provided on the inner wall of the fixing ring 907. The fixing ring 907 surrounds the through groove 906 to provide a guide base for the descaling mechanism 9 and an installation interface for the sealing mechanism 10. The sliding groove 908 extends along the length of the through groove 906. The descaling heat exchanger also includes a descaling mechanism 9 and a sealing mechanism 10. Part of the structure of the descaling mechanism 9 is located inside the shell 2 and part of the structure extends through the through groove 906 to the outside of the shell 2. The sealing mechanism 10 is detachably installed above the fixing ring 907.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 3The descaling mechanism 9 includes two scrapers 902 disposed inside the housing 2, spaced apart along the axial direction of the heat exchange tubes 8. Multiple mesh holes 904 are formed on the surface of the scrapers 902, the number and position of which correspond one-to-one with the number and position of the heat exchange tubes 8. The heat exchange tubes 8 pass through the mesh holes 904, the inner diameter of which is equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes 8, and the inner wall of which is fitted against the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes 8. The scrapers 902 contact the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes 8 through the mesh holes 904 to physically scrape away the dirt adhering to the surface of the heat exchange tubes 8 during movement using the edges of the inner walls of the mesh holes 904. The tops of the two scrapers 902 are fixedly connected by a connecting plate 903, which is located above the heat exchange tubes 8 and extends horizontally. The connecting plate 903 connects the two scrapers 902 into a synchronously moving assembly. A control column 905 is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the connecting plate 903, and the control column 905 extends vertically. The control column 905 extends upward and through the through groove 906 opened at the top of the housing 2 to the outside of the housing 2. A slider 909 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the control column 905. The slider 909 is located outside the through groove 906 and inside the fixing ring 907. In the assembled state, the slider 909 is slidably engaged in the sliding groove 908 opened in the inner wall of the fixing ring 907. The shape of the slider 909 matches the cross-sectional shape of the sliding groove 908. The slider 909 slides along the length of the through groove 906 in the sliding groove 908. The cooperation between the slider 909 and the sliding groove 908 provides guidance and limit for the movement of the control column 905, preventing the control column 905 from shaking or deviating during the movement. By driving the control column 905 located outside the housing 2 to move along the direction of the sliding groove 908, the control column 905 drives the connecting plate 903 and the two scrapers 902 to move synchronously along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 8, thereby driving the mesh 904 to perform a scale removal operation on the entire length of the heat exchange tube 8.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure the sealing of the inside of the housing 2 and prevent heat loss in the non-descaling state, the sealing mechanism 10 includes a sealing cover 1001. The bottom edge of the sealing cover 1001 is provided with a cover groove 1003. The shape of the cover groove 1003 is adapted to the top shape of the fixing ring 907. When the sealing cover 1001 is installed, the top edge of the fixing ring 907 is inserted into the cover groove 1003. The cover groove 1003 and the fixing ring 907 cooperate to achieve a leak-proof seal on the outside of the top through groove 906 of the housing 2.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, to solve the sealing problem at the protrusion position of the control post 905, a reserved hole 1002 is provided on one side edge of the sealing cover 1001. The reserved hole 1002 is located at one side edge of the slide groove 908. When the control post 905 moves to the edge of the slide groove 908, the control post 905 passes through the reserved hole 1002. The inner diameter of the reserved hole 1002 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the control post 905, or the reserved hole 1002 is made of an elastic material. The inner wall of the reserved hole 1002 abuts against and presses the outer wall of the control post 905 to form a seal at the protrusion position of the control post 905.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, in order to eliminate the thermal bridging effect caused by the through groove 906 and enhance the sealing effect, a thermal insulation sealing block 1004 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover 1001. The external dimensions of the thermal insulation sealing block 1004 are adapted to the internal dimensions of the through groove 906 at the top of the housing 2. When the sealing cover 1001 is closed on top of the fixing ring 907, the thermal insulation sealing block 1004 extends downward and fills the inside of the through groove 906. The thermal insulation sealing block 1004 blocks the gaps in the through groove 906 and plays a role in isolating heat loss.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, in order to intuitively monitor the internal scaling, an observation window 901 is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the shell 2. The observation window 901 is made of transparent material and covers the area where the heat exchange tube 8 is located. A sealing gasket is provided between the edge of the observation window 901 and the front side wall of the shell 2. The operator can directly observe the degree of scaling on the surface of the heat exchange tube 8 through the observation window 901 to decide whether to start the descaling mechanism 9.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure the uniformity of fluid flow and heat exchange efficiency, a distribution pipe 7 is provided on both sides of the inside of the shell 2. The liquid inlet pipe 5 is connected to the right distribution pipe 7, and the liquid outlet pipe 6 is connected to the left distribution pipe 7. Multiple heat exchange tubes 8 are connected in parallel between the two distribution pipes 7. The distribution pipes 7 evenly distribute the liquid flowing in from the liquid inlet pipe 5 into each heat exchange tube 8. The liquid flows in the heat exchange tubes 8 and exchanges heat with the external fluid flowing between the water inlet pipe 3 and the water outlet pipe 4 of the shell 2.

[0033] Working principle: When the heat exchanger is working, the hot fluid and the cold fluid enter the shell side and tube side of the shell 2 respectively. One type of fluid enters the internal cavity of the shell 2 through the inlet pipe 3 and flows to the outlet pipe 4 to flow out. The other type of fluid enters the right distribution pipe 7 through the liquid inlet pipe 5 and is distributed to the interior of multiple heat exchange tubes 8. After flowing through the heat exchange tubes 8, the fluid converges to the left distribution pipe 7 and is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe 6. The two types of fluid exchange heat through the tube wall of the heat exchange tubes 8. Staff monitor the scaling on the surface of the heat exchange tubes 8 inside the shell 2 through the transparent observation window 901 on the front side of the shell 2. When it is found that the scale accumulation on the surface of the heat exchange tubes 8 affects the heat exchange efficiency, the staff prepares to perform a descaling operation. When performing the descaling operation, the control column 905 located outside the shell 2 is pushed. The control column 905 drives the slider 909 to slide along the groove 908 inside the fixing ring 907. The control column 905 drives the scraper 902 located inside the shell 2 to move horizontally along the axis of the heat exchange tubes 8 through the connecting plate 903. During the movement of the scraper 902, the inner wall edge of the mesh 904 is used to scrape off the attached scale by sticking to the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes 8. The cleaning of the entire length of the heat exchange tubes 8 is completed by reciprocating the movement of the control column 905. After descaling is completed, the control column 905 is moved to one side edge of the slide 908, and the sealing cover 1001 is installed from top to bottom above the fixing ring 907. The control column 905 passes through the reserved hole 1002 on the side of the sealing cover 1001 and is sealed by the compression of the inner wall of the reserved hole 1002. The cover groove 1003 at the bottom of the sealing cover 1001 is inserted into the top of the fixing ring 907 to achieve edge sealing. At the same time, the heat insulation sealing block 1004 at the bottom of the sealing cover 1001 is inserted into the through groove 906 to fill it. The heat insulation sealing block 1004 blocks the air convection and heat loss at the through groove 906, thereby restoring the sealing and heat preservation state of the heat exchanger.

Claims

1. A descaling heat exchanger, comprising a support base (1) and a shell (2) fixedly connected to the top of the support base (1), wherein the shell (2) is connected to an inlet pipe (3) and an outlet pipe (4), and the shell (2) is connected to an inlet pipe (5) and an outlet pipe (6), wherein the shell (2) is provided with a distribution pipe (7) that is respectively connected to the inlet pipe (5) and the outlet pipe (6), and a plurality of heat exchange tubes (8) connected between the two distribution pipes (7); Its features are, The heat exchanger also includes a descaling mechanism (9) and a sealing mechanism (10). A through groove (906) is provided on the top of the shell (2). A fixing ring (907) is fixedly connected to the top of the shell (2) outside the through groove (906). A sliding groove (908) is provided inside the fixing ring (907). The descaling mechanism (9) includes a scraper (902) slidably connected to the outside of the heat exchange tube (8). A mesh (904) is provided on the surface of the scraper (902). A connecting plate (903) is fixedly connected to the scraper (902). A control column (905) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate (903). The control column (905) passes through the through groove (906) and a slider (909) is fixedly connected to its outer wall. The slider (909) is engaged inside the sliding groove (908).

2. The descaling heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two scrapers (902) are provided, and the two scrapers (902) are fixedly connected by the connecting plate (903). The scrapers (902) can be driven by the control column (905) to move in the horizontal direction.

3. A descaling heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of mesh holes (904) corresponds one-to-one with the number of heat exchange tubes (8), and the walls of the mesh holes (904) are used to scrape the scale off the heat exchange tubes (8).

4. A descaling heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front side of the housing (2) is provided with an observation window (901), which is made of transparent material.

5. A descaling heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing mechanism (10) includes a sealing cover (1001), which is detachably mounted above the fixing ring (907). A reserved hole (1002) is provided on one side of the sealing cover (1001). When the sealing cover (1001) is mounted above the fixing ring (907), the control column (905) passes through the reserved hole (1002), and the reserved hole (1002) squeezes the control column (905) to form a seal.

6. A descaling heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing cover (1001) has a cover groove (1003) at the bottom, and the cover groove (1003) engages and seals with the top of the fixing ring (907).

7. A descaling heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the sealing cover (1001) is provided with a heat-insulating sealing block (1004). When the sealing cover (1001) is installed above the fixing ring (907), the heat-insulating sealing block (1004) fills the through groove (906).

8. A descaling heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper left end of the housing (2) is connected to the water inlet pipe (3), the lower right end of the housing (2) is connected to the water outlet pipe (4), the upper right end of the housing (2) is connected to the liquid inlet pipe (5), and the lower left end of the housing (2) is connected to the liquid outlet pipe (6).

9. A descaling heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet pipe (5) and the outlet pipe (6) located inside the shell (2) are both connected to the distribution pipe (7). The heat exchange pipe (8) is connected between the two distribution pipes (7). The inlet pipe (5), the distribution pipe (7) on the right side, the heat exchange pipe (8), the distribution pipe (7) on the left side, and the outlet pipe (6) form a wrapped flow channel.

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