Composite deformation and ablation performance test system for flexible heat-proof material

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible heat-proof material composite deformation and ablation performance test system which comprises an existing oxygen-acetylene ablation experiment table and a composite deformation device, and the composite deformation device comprises a test piece clamping device, a bending deformation device, a telescopic deformation device, a torsional deformation device and a linear driving device. According to the invention, the ablation effect and diversified deformation behaviors of the material can be synchronously realized, so that the limitation on the research aspect of flexible heat-proof materials at home and abroad at present is overcome, that is, most experiments only aim at a single ablation environment or only couple one deformation load; and a complex deformation process under a real service condition cannot be simulated at the same time and in the same device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of thermal protection systems of morphing structures such as hypersonic morphing aircraft, and particularly relates to a flexible heat-resistant material composite morphing and ablation performance test system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hypersonic aircraft has the advantages of high speed, strong penetration ability, high task efficiency, good concealment, strong reaction ability, and excellent gas power, and is widely used in today's industry, national defense, aerospace and other fields, especially plays an important role in space exploration and efficient transportation. In order to improve the cross-domain adaptive ability of hypersonic aircraft, morphing technology has become an important development direction in this field. However, the surface heat-resistant material of the aircraft is facing a serious ablation failure risk under the coupling effect of extreme aerodynamic heat and flexible large deformation. Although traditional heat-resistant materials (such as ceramics and C / C composite materials) have excellent ablation resistance, they are limited by their inherent brittleness and low deformation ability, and are difficult to adapt to the morphing structure requirements such as folding of aircraft wings and active adjustment of aerodynamic shape. Under this background, flexible heat-resistant materials have become one of the key materials to support the functional breakthrough of hypersonic morphing aircraft due to their excellent structural matching and high storage ratio.

[0003] Considering the ablation resistance of flexible heat-resistant materials under different deformation conditions is the key to the thermal protection system of morphing structures. The research and characterization of the ablation resistance of ablation materials need to evaluate the ablation performance of the ablation materials through ablation tests, but the existing ablation test devices are mostly single structure and can only perform single ablation test. The existing ablation test equipment (such as oxyacetylene ablation test bench and ablation engine) can provide single ablation environment of high temperature, high pressure and high speed airflow or ablation environment coupled with one deformation mode, which ultimately limits the characterization of the ablation resistance of flexible materials under complex deformation environment and the revelation of the ablation mechanism.

[0004] Due to the inability to apply ablation environment while the test piece is in a complex composite deformation state, there is a huge difference between the test results on the ground and the material behavior changes in the real flight working environment. Therefore, the present application develops an ablation test device under complex deformation conditions supporting temperature-deformation-oxidation coupling field collaborative loading, which can realize the ablation test of flexible materials under one or more combination of stretching deformation, bending deformation and torsional deformation, and provides a solid theoretical and experimental foundation for the development of the next generation of flexible thermal protection materials that adapt to complex deformation requirements. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system, which can simultaneously realize the ablation effect and diversified deformation behavior of the material, so as to overcome the limitations in the research of flexible heat-resistant materials at home and abroad, that is, most experiments are only for single ablation environment or only coupled with one deformation load, and cannot simulate the complex deformation process under real service conditions in the same device at the same time.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is that the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system comprises an existing oxygen-ethyne ablation experiment table and a composite deformation device, and the composite deformation device comprises a test piece clamping device, a bending deformation device, an extension deformation device, a torsion deformation device and a straight-line running device.

[0007] The present application is also characterized in that The test piece clamping device comprises a fixed end clamp and a movable end clamp, wherein the fixed end clamp comprises a handle A, a handle B, an adjusting screw, a pressure rod, a pressure head, a wedge clamp, a pressing plate A, a pressing plate B, a screw A, a screw B and a clamp seat. The handle A and the handle B are connected with the adjusting screw through shaft hole interference fit, the adjusting screw outer thread is threadedly connected with the clamp seat inner screw hole, the adjusting screw main shaft hole is clearance fitted with the pressure rod outer circle, the pressure head is placed in the wedge clamp semicircular hole, the wedge clamp is pressed on the clamp seat through the screw A, the pressing plate A, the screw B and the pressing plate B, and the wedge clamp outer side slope is tightly attached to the clamp seat inner side slope. The driving mode of the fixed clamp is manual. When the handle A and the handle B are rotated around the pressure rod axis, the adjusting screw outer thread and the clamp seat inner screw hole perform screw motion. Since the clamp seat is fixed, the adjusting screw generates linear movement along the axis, thereby driving the pressure rod to move linearly. The pressure rod end face further acts on the wedge clamp to make it clamp or release, thereby exerting clamping force on the test piece or disassembling the test sample. The up-down movement of the pressure head can change the height position of the wedge clamp, thereby adjusting the test sample installation space. After the test sample is clamped, the screw A and the screw B on the pressing plate A and the pressing plate B are tightened to prevent the wedge clamp from jumping in the radial direction of the pressure rod, causing uneven stress on the test piece. Straight lines are designed on the wedge clamp jaw part to increase the friction between the wedge clamp and the test piece.

[0008] The movable end clamp comprises a clamp shaft, an adjusting plate, a bearing seat A, a bearing cover, a bearing A, a bolt assembly A and a bolt assembly B. The clamp shaft is transitionally fitted with the inner ring of the rolling bearing, the outer ring of the rolling bearing is transitionally fitted with the bearing seat hole and the bearing cover hole, the bearing seat and the bearing cover are fastened and connected through the bolt assembly A and the bolt assembly B, one side of the clamp shaft is connected with the shaft coupling A, and the other side is connected with the adjusting plate through the thread connection of the screw C and the screw D to press the test piece tightly to the plane of the clamp shaft. The position where the adjusting plate contacts the test piece is a right-angle notch. The test piece is clamped by connecting the adjusting plate, the test piece and the clamp shaft through the screw C and the screw D.

[0009] The bending deformation device comprises a driving device, a transmission system and an execution device. The driving device is a reduction motor A, which is fixed on the L-shaped support through screw set A. The transmission system is a slider-crank mechanism, which comprises a crank, a connecting rod, a top rod holder and a guide seat fixed on the L-shaped support, etc. The crank is a long rod with a T-shaped slot. The reduction motor A is matched with the rotating center hole of the crank and connected through a pin. The pin connects the output shaft of the motor and the crank to realize axial fixation of the two. The connecting rod is a three-section structure. The two ends are articulated rods A and B with universal ball heads. The articulated rod A is articulated with the crank through a screw assembly which can move along the T-shaped slot of the crank. The articulated rod B is articulated with the top rod holder through bolt assembly C. The middle section of the connecting rod is an adjustable rod. The two ends of the adjustable rod are provided with threads. The two ends of the adjustable rod are threadedly connected with the articulated rods A and B respectively. The length can be finely adjusted by adding or subtracting shims.

[0010] The telescopic deformation device mainly comprises a reduction motor B, a shaft coupling B, a lead screw, a nut, a moving table, a linear guide rail A, a linear guide rail B, a slider A, a slider B, a stroke limiting piece A, a stroke limiting piece B, etc. The reduction motor B is connected to the motor support through bolt assembly D. The motor support is fixed on the bottom plate through bolt assembly E. The reduction motor B is connected with the lead screw through the shaft coupling B. The lead screw is supported by two end bearings B and C. The bearing B is connected with the bearing seat B through transition fit. The bearing C is connected with the bearing seat C through transition fit. The bearing seat B is fixedly connected to the bottom plate through bolt assembly F. The bearing seat C is fixedly connected to the bottom plate through bolt assembly G, which is used to support the lead screw to keep it stable in operation.

[0011] The nut and the lead screw perform screw motion. The nut is connected with the moving table through the nut seat and the connecting screw. The movable end clamp bearing seat A is fixed on the moving table through bolt assembly H. On both sides of the lead screw spindle are a pair of linear guide rails A and B. The linear guide rails A and B are connected to the bottom plate through screw set B. The moving table is connected with the sliders A and B on both sides. The moving table is fixedly connected with the slider A through screw set C. The moving table is fixedly connected with the slider B through screw set D. Through the above connection of the moving table, the movable end clamp and the sliders, a moving whole is formed. The sliders A and B bear a series of loads of devices and can drive these loads to move accurately along the linear guide rails A and B.

[0012] A fire baffle is arranged in front of the flame, and the fire baffle is connected and fixed to the bottom plate through screw set G, the fire baffle is between the oxyacetylene flame and the deformation device, the slide rail and the tensile deformation device are separated from the flame, and damage of the whole device caused by direct injection of the flame is prevented.

[0013] The torsional deformation device comprises a torsional motor and a movable end clamp, and the torsional motor is connected with the clamp shaft of the movable end clamp through the shaft coupling A. The output torque of the torsional motor is transmitted to the clamp shaft through the shaft coupling A, and the test piece clamped between the clamp shaft and the adjusting plate is twisted together, while the fixed end clamp remains unchanged, so that the flexible test piece clamped on the clamp is twisted and deformed. The tensile deformation device can be used to adjust the position of the clamp or related parts to adapt to test samples of different specifications. The torsional motor can accurately control the torque size and rotation angle through the control system, so as to accurately control the torsional deformation degree of the flexible test piece and meet the test of the flexible test piece under torsional deformation.

[0014] The three deformation devices are integrated on the bottom plate and assembled with the oxyacetylene ablation table through the linear driving device. The L-shaped support of the bending deformation device is connected to the bottom plate fixed platform A through screw set H, the linear guide rail A and the linear guide rail B of the stretching deformation device are connected to the fixed platform B through screw set B, the fixed end clamp of the torsional deformation device and the stretching deformation device is connected to the bottom plate fixed platform A through screw set E, and the movable end clamp bearing seat A is connected to the moving table through bolt set H.

[0015] The linear driving device comprises a bottom plate, four wheels and an automatic telescopic rod, the wheels are installed on the bottom plate, the composite deformation device is placed on the ablation table surface of the ablation experiment table through the wheels, and the ablation table surface of the ablation table is fixed with an oxyacetylene ablation gun. The fixed end of the automatic telescopic rod is connected with the ablation table surface through bolt set I, and the telescopic end is connected with the bottom plate through bolt set J. The telescopic movement of the automatic telescopic rod is automatically controlled through remote control, so that the lateral movement of the deformation device is realized, and the deformation device is away from or moves to the front of the ablation gun. When the composite deformation device moves to the front of the oxyacetylene ablation gun, the oxyacetylene flame can produce a thermal-chemical ablation effect on the test piece placed in the composite deformation device, and at the same time, the composite deformation device can load different forms of deformation on the test piece, so as to realize the ablation experiment under the bending, stretching, torsional and various combined deformation modes.

[0016] The flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system has the advantages that the composite deformation and ablation performance test system is a composite deformation and ablation performance test system The ablation and deformation integrated experimental device is constructed, the ablation experiment method of the flexible heat-resistant material under the bending, stretching, torsional and various combined deformation modes is constructed, and the temperature Deformation Oxidation multi-field synergistic loading technology. The device is constructed based on an existing oxygen-acetylene ablation test bench, with an oxygen-acetylene flame as a high-temperature heat source. By precisely adjusting the flow ratio of oxygen to acetylene, different high-temperature-oxidation environments can be simulated. The core lies in the newly developed composite deformation device, which can be integrated with the ablation test bench to realize precise control of bending, stretching, twisting and any combination of deformation of the sample. Thus, an effective technical approach is provided for temperature-deformation-oxidation multi-field coupling loading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the specimen clamping device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application; Figure 2 It is a rear view of the specimen clamping device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application; Figure 3 It is a top view of the specimen clamping device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application; Figure 4 It is a perspective view of the parts including the pressure head 5 and the wedge-shaped clamp 6 in the specimen clamping device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application; Figure 5 It is an isometric view of the bending deformation device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application; Figure 6 It is a front view of the bending deformation device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application; Figure 7 It is a top view of the bending deformation device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application; Figure 8 It is a perspective view of the linear top rod of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application; Figure 9 It is an isometric view of the stretching deformation device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application; Figure 10 It is a top view of the stretching deformation device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application (without the moving platform 39); Figure 11 It is a perspective view of the parts including the nut 38, the nut seat connecting screw 38-1 and the moving platform 39 in the stretching deformation device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application and its multi-face projection view; Figure 12 It is an isometric view of the composite deformation device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the application; Figure 13 Figure 1 is a top view of the composite deformation device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the present application; Figure 14 Figure 1 is a top view of the composite deformation device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the present application; Figure 15 Figure 1 is a top view of the composite deformation device of the flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system of the present application;

[0018] In the figure, 1. Handle A; 2. Handle B; 3. Adjusting screw; 3-1. Adjusting screw outer thread; 3-2. Adjusting screw main shaft hole; 4. Pressing rod; 5. Pressing head; 6. Wedge-shaped clamp; 6-1. Wedge-shaped clamp semicircular hole; 6-2. Wedge-shaped clamp outer side slope; 6-3. Straight grain texture; 7. Pressing plate A; 8. Pressing plate B; 9. Screw A; 10. Screw B; 11. Clamp seat; 11-1. Clamp seat inner screw hole; 11-2. Clamp seat inner side slope; 12. Test piece; 13. Clamp shaft; 14. Adjustment plate; 15. Bearing seat A; 15-1. Bearing seat hole; 16. Bearing cover; 16-1. Bearing cover hole; 17. Bearing A; 18. Bolt assembly A; 19. Bolt assembly B; 20. Coupling A; 21. Screw C; 22. Screw D; 23. Reducing motor A; 23-1. Motor output shaft; 24. Screw group A; 25. L-shaped support; 26. Crank; 26-1. T-shaped groove; 27. Connecting rod; 27-1. Hinge rod A; 27-2. Hinge rod B; 27-3. Adjustable rod; 28. Jack rod holder; 28-1. Jack rod holder inner threaded hole; 29. Guide seat; 30. Pin; 31. Screw assembly; 32. Bolt assembly C; 33. Center; 34. Wire type jacking rod; 35. Reducing motor B; 36. Coupling B; 37. Screw rod; 38. Nut; 38-1. Nut seat connecting screw; 39. Moving table; 40. Linear guide rail A; 41. Linear guide rail B; 42. Slider A; 43. Slider B; 44. Stroke limiting piece A; 45. Stroke limiting piece B; 46. Bolt assembly D; 47. Motor support; 48. Bolt assembly E; 49. Bottom plate; 49-1. Bottom plate fixed platform A; 49-2. Bottom plate fixed platform B; 50. Bearing B; 51. Bearing C; 52. Bearing seat B; 53. Bearing seat C; 54. Bolt assembly F; 55. Bolt assembly G; 56. Bolt assembly H; 57. Screw group B; 58. Screw group C; 59. Screw group D; 60. Screw group E; 61. Screw group F; 62. Fire baffle; 63. Screw group G; 64. Torsion motor; 65. Oxygen-acetylene ablation table; 65-1. Ablation table top; 66. Wheel; 67. Oxygen-acetylene ablation gun; 68. Automatic telescopic rod; 69. Bolt assembly I; 70. Bolt assembly J; 71. Screw group H. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Embodiment 1 The present application is a flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system, comprising an existing oxygen-acetylene ablation test bench and a composite deformation device. The composite deformation device comprises a test piece clamping device, a bending deformation device, an expansion deformation device, a torsion deformation device and a straight-line running device.

[0021] The test piece clamping device comprises a fixed end clamp and a movable end clamp, wherein the fixed end clamp comprises a handle A1, a handle B2, an adjusting screw 3, a pressure rod 4, a pressure head 5, a wedge clamp 6, a pressing plate A7, a pressing plate B8, a screw A9, a screw B10 and a clamp seat 11. The handle A1 and the handle B2 are connected by shaft hole interference fit with the adjusting screw 3, the adjusting screw outer thread 3-1 is threadedly connected with the clamp seat inner screw hole 11-1, the adjusting screw main shaft hole 3-2 is clearance fit with the outer circle of the pressure rod 4, the pressure head 5 is placed in the wedge clamp semicircular hole 6-1, the wedge clamp 6 is pressed tightly on the clamp seat 11 through the screw A9, the pressing plate A7, the screw B10 and the pressing plate B8, and the wedge clamp outer side slope 6-2 is tightly attached to the clamp seat inner side slope 11-2. The driving mode of the fixed clamp is manual. When the handle A1 and the handle B2 are rotated around the pressure rod axis, the adjusting screw outer thread 3-1 and the clamp seat inner screw hole 11-1 perform screw motion. Since the clamp seat 11 is fixed, the adjusting screw 3 produces linear movement along the axis, thereby driving the pressure rod 4 to move linearly. The end face of the pressure rod 4 further acts on the wedge clamp 6 to make it clamp or loosen, thereby exerting clamping force on the test piece 12 or disassembling the test sample. The up and down movement of the pressure head 5 can change the height position of the wedge clamp 6, thereby adjusting the test sample installation space. After the test sample is clamped with force, the screws A and B on the pressing plates A7 and B8 are tightened, respectively, to prevent the wedge clamp 6 from jumping in the radial direction of the pressure rod 4, causing uneven stress on the test piece 12. Straight lines are designed on the wedge clamp 6 to increase the friction between the wedge clamp 6 and the test piece 12.

[0022] The movable end clamp comprises a clamp shaft 13, an adjusting plate 14, a bearing seat A 15, a bearing cover 16, a bearing A 17, a bolt assembly A 18, a bolt assembly B 19, the clamp shaft 13 is transitionally matched with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 17, the outer ring of the rolling bearing 17 is transitionally matched between the bearing seat hole 15-1 and the bearing cover hole 16-1, the bearing seat 15 and the bearing cover 16 are fastened and connected through the bolt assembly A 18 and the bolt assembly B 19, the clamp shaft 13 is connected with the shaft coupling A 20 on one side, and the other side is threadedly connected between the adjusting plate 14 and the clamp shaft 13 through the screw C 21 and the screw D 22 to press the test piece 12 tightly to the plane of the clamp shaft 13. The position where the adjusting plate 14 contacts the test piece 12 is a right-angle notch, the adjusting plate, the test piece 12 and the clamping shaft 13 are connected through the screw C 21 and the screw D 22, so that the test piece 12 is clamped.

[0023] The bending deformation device comprises a driving device, a transmission system and an execution device. The driving device is a speed reducer motor A 23, which is fixed on the L-shaped support 25 through the screw group A 24. The transmission system is a crank slider mechanism, which comprises a crank 26, a connecting rod 27, a top rod holder 28, a guide seat 29 fixed on the L-shaped support 25 and the like, the crank 26 is a long rod with a T-shaped groove 26-1, the speed reducer motor A 23 is matched with the crank rotation center hole 26-2 and connected through the pin 30, the pin 30 connects the motor output shaft 23-1 and the crank 26 to realize the axial fixation of the two. The connecting rod 27 is a three-section structure, the two ends are hinge rods A 27-1 and hinge rods B 27-2 with universal ball heads, the hinge rod A 27-1 is hinged with the crank 26 through the screw assembly 31 which can move along the T-shaped groove 26-1 of the crank, the hinge rod B 27-2 is hinged with the top rod holder 28 through the bolt assembly C 32; the middle section of the connecting rod 27 is an adjustable rod 27-3, the two ends of the adjustable rod 27-3 are provided with threads, the two ends of the adjustable rod 27-3 are threadedly connected with the hinge rod A 27-1 and the hinge rod B 27-2 respectively, and the length can be finely adjusted by adding or reducing the gaskets. The top rod holder 28 is a straight line guide column, which can reciprocate linearly with the guide seat 29, and the execution device is a top pin 33 provided with external threads, which is threadedly connected with the internal threaded hole 28-1 of the top rod holder.

[0024] When the motor 23 drives the crank 26 to rotate, the connecting rod 27 swings, further transmitting the motion to the reciprocating linear motion of the top rod holder 28 in the guide seat 29, the top rod 27 extends or retracts synchronously with the top rod holder 28, the top rod 27 is in contact with the center of the heat-resistant material test piece 12, and the center of the test piece 12 is lifted to realize bending deformation by linear motion. When the screw assembly 31 is moved along the T-shaped groove 26-1 of the crank, the distance between the screw assembly 31 and the rotation center is changed, the rotation radius of the crank 26 is changed, and the stroke of the reciprocating motion of the top rod holder 28 is changed, so that bending deformation with different deformation amounts can be realized. In addition, by replacing the actuator, the deformation loading mode can be changed to realize bending deformation loading with different deformation modes, for example, replacing the center bit 33 with a linear top rod 34. At the same time, the motor can also realize bending deformation loading with different deformation speeds and deformation times in combination with relays and speed regulator electronic components.

[0025] The telescopic deformation device mainly includes a reduction motor B35, a shaft coupling B36, a lead screw 37, a nut 38, a moving table 39, a linear guide rail A40, a linear guide rail B41, a slider A42, a slider B43, a stroke limiting part A44, a stroke limiting part B45, etc. The reduction motor B35 is connected to a motor support 47 through a bolt assembly D46, the motor support 47 is fixedly connected to a bottom plate 49 through a bolt assembly E48, the reduction motor B35 is connected to the lead screw 37 through the shaft coupling B36, the lead screw 37 is supported by two end bearings B50 and bearings C51, the bearing B50 is connected to a bearing seat B52 through transition fit, and the bearing C51 is connected to a bearing seat C53 through transition fit. The bearing seat B52 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 49 through a bolt assembly F54, and the bearing seat C53 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 49 through a bolt assembly G55, which is used to support the lead screw to keep it stable in operation.

[0026] The nut 38 can perform screw motion with the lead screw 37, the nut 38 is connected to the moving table 39 through a nut seat connecting screw 38-1, and the moving table 39 is fixedly connected to the movable end clamp bearing seat A15 through a bolt assembly H56. On both sides of the main shaft of the lead screw 37 are a pair of linear guide rails A40 and linear guide rails B41, which are connected to the bottom plate 49 through a screw group B57, and the moving table 39 is connected to the slider A42 and the slider B43 on both sides respectively. The moving table 39 is fixedly connected to the slider A42 through a screw group C58, and the moving table 39 is fixedly connected to the slider B43 through a screw group D59. Through the above connection of the moving table 39, the movable end clamp and the slider, a moving whole is formed, and the slider A42 and the slider B43 bear a series of loads of devices and can drive these loads to move accurately along the linear guide rails A40 and the linear guide rails B41 on both sides.

[0027] When the deceleration motor B35 drives the screw rod 37 to rotate, the rotary motion is converted into the linear motion of the nut 38 through the screw transmission, further driving the moving platform 39, the movable end clamp and the slider to move linearly. Since the fixed end clamp is fixed to the bottom plate 49 through the screw set E60, the linear motion of the movable end clamp will drive the flexible material specimen 12 to produce tensile or compressive deformation. The stroke limiting piece A44 and the stroke limiting piece B45 are installed on the linear guide rail through the screw set F61, which is used to limit the movement range of the slider A42 and the slider B43, and control the deformation amount.

[0028] In addition, a fire baffle 62 is arranged in front of the flame, which is connected and fixed to the bottom plate 49 through the screw set G63. The fire baffle 62 is located between the oxygen-acetylene flame and the deformation device, which separates the slide rail and the tensile deformation device from the flame, preventing the direct injection of the flame from causing damage to the entire device.

[0029] The torsional deformation device includes a torsional motor 64 and a movable end clamp. The torsional motor is connected to the clamp shaft 13 of the movable end clamp through the coupling A20. The torsional motor 64 outputs torque to the clamp shaft 13 through the coupling A20, and the specimen 12 clamped between the clamp shaft 13 and the adjustment plate 14 is twisted together, while the fixed end clamp remains stationary, so that the flexible specimen 12 clamped in the clamp is twisted and deformed. The tensile deformation device can be used to adjust the position of the clamp or related parts to adapt to different specifications of the specimen. The torsional motor 64 can accurately control the torque size and rotation angle through the control system, so as to realize the accurate control of the torsional deformation degree of the flexible specimen 12, and meet the test of the flexible specimen under torsional deformation.

[0030] The three deformation devices are integrated on the bottom plate 49 and assembled with the oxygen-acetylene ablation table 65 through the linear driving device. The L-shaped support 25 of the bending deformation device is connected to the bottom plate fixed platform A49-1 through the screw set H71, the linear guide rails A40 and B41 of the stretchable deformation device are connected to the fixed platform B49-2 through the screw set B57, the fixed end clamps of the torsional deformation device and the stretchable deformation device are connected to the bottom plate fixed platform A49-1 through the screw set E60, and the movable end clamp bearing seat A15 is connected to the moving platform 39 through the bolt set H56.

[0031] The straight driving device comprises a base plate 49, four wheels 66 and an automatic telescopic rod 68. The wheels 66 are installed on the base plate 49, the composite deformation device is placed on the ablation table 65-1 of the ablation experiment table through the wheels 66, and the ablation table 65-1 is fixed with an oxygen-acetylene ablation gun 67. The fixed end of the automatic telescopic rod 68 is connected with the table surface 65-1 of the ablation table through a bolt assembly I 69, the telescopic end is connected with the base plate 49 through a bolt assembly J 70, the telescopic movement of the automatic telescopic rod 68 is automatically controlled through remote control, the transverse movement of the deformation device is realized, and the deformation device is away from or moved to the front of the oxygen-acetylene ablation gun 67. When the composite deformation device is moved to the front of the oxygen-acetylene ablation gun 67, the oxygen-acetylene flame can produce a thermal-chemical ablation effect on the test piece 12 placed in the composite deformation device, and the composite deformation device can perform different forms of deformation loading on the test sample, so that the ablation experiment under the bending, telescopic, torsional and various combined deformation modes is realized.

[0032] The three deformation driving motors are independent of each other, and can flexibly realize two-by-two coupling or three-coordinated composite deformation. When the screw nut pair drives the flexible test piece 12 to axially elongate, and the bending deformation device applies lateral bending to the test piece 12 through the crank slider mechanism, the test piece presents a tensile-bending coupling deformation mode combined with axial elongation and lateral bending. If the test piece 12 is elongated axially while being twisted by the torsional motor 64, a mechanical working condition of the material under the combined action of tension and torsion can be simulated. If the bending deformation is applied through the crank slider mechanism while the test piece 12 is twisted around the shaft by the torsional motor 64, a bending-torsional coupling deformation mode is formed. When the reduction motor A 23, the reduction motor B 35 and the torsional motor 64 act synchronously, the test piece 12 will simultaneously undergo composite deformation of axial elongation, lateral bending and torsion around the shaft. The above-mentioned various deformation modes are combined with the oxygen-acetylene ablation flame, so that the comprehensive working condition of the ablation environment and the complex flexible deformation coupling can be effectively simulated.

[0033] Embodiment 2 The flexible heat-proof material composite deformation and ablation performance test system provided by the application comprises an existing oxygen-acetylene ablation experiment table and a composite deformation device.

[0034] The test piece clamping device comprises a fixed end clamp and a movable end clamp, wherein the fixed end clamp comprises a handle A1, a handle B2, an adjusting screw 3, a pressing rod 4, a pressing head 5, a wedge-shaped clamp 6, a pressing plate A 7, a pressing plate B 8, a screw A 9, a screw B 10 and a clamp base 11. The handle A1 and the handle B2 are connected with the adjusting screw 3 through an interference fit connection of a shaft hole, the adjusting screw outer thread 3-1 is threadedly connected with the clamp base inner screw hole 11-1, the adjusting screw main shaft hole 3-2 is clearance-fitted with the outer circle of the pressing rod 4, the pressing head 5 is placed in the semicircular hole 6-1 of the wedge-shaped clamp, the wedge-shaped clamp 6 is pressed on the clamp base 11 through the screw A 9, the pressing plate A 7, the screw B 10 and the pressing plate B 8, and the wedge-shaped clamp outer side slope 6-2 is tightly attached to the clamp base inner side slope 11-2. The driving mode of the fixed clamp is manual. When the handle A1 and the handle B2 are rotated around the pressing rod axis, the adjusting screw outer thread 3-1 and the clamp base inner screw hole 11-1 are screwingly moved. Since the clamp base 11 is fixed, the adjusting screw 3 moves linearly along the axis, thereby driving the pressing rod 4 to move linearly, the end face of the pressing rod 4 further acts on the wedge-shaped clamp 6, so that the wedge-shaped clamp 6 is clamped or loosened, and then the test piece 12 is clamped or disassembled. The up-down movement of the pressing head 5 can change the height position of the wedge-shaped clamp 6, so as to adjust the test sample installation space. After the test sample is clamped with a complete clamping force, the screws A and B on the pressing plates A 7 and B 8 are respectively tightened, so as to prevent the wedge-shaped clamp 6 from jumping in the radial direction of the pressing rod 4, thereby causing the test piece 12 to be unevenly stressed. A straight grain texture 6-3 is designed in the jaw part of the wedge-shaped clamp 6, so as to increase the friction force between the wedge-shaped clamp 6 and the test piece 12.

[0035] Example 3 The application discloses a flexible heat-proof material composite deformation and ablation performance test system, which comprises an existing oxygen-ethyne ablation experiment table and a composite deformation device.

[0036] The test piece clamping device comprises a fixed end clamp and a movable end clamp, wherein the fixed end clamp comprises a handle A1, a handle B2, an adjusting screw 3, a pressing rod 4, a pressing head 5, a wedge clamp 6, a pressing plate A 7, a pressing plate B 8, a screw A 9, a screw B 10 and a clamp base 11. The handle A1 and the handle B2 are connected with the adjusting screw 3 through an interference fit of a shaft hole, the outer thread 3-1 of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected with the inner threaded hole 11-1 of the clamp base, the main shaft hole 3-2 of the adjusting screw is clearance-fitted with the outer circle of the pressing rod 4, the pressing head 5 is placed in the semicircular hole 6-1 of the wedge clamp, the wedge clamp 6 is pressed on the clamp base 11 through the screw A 9, the pressing plate A 7, the screw B 10 and the pressing plate B 8, and the outer side slope 6-2 of the wedge clamp is tightly attached to the inner side slope 11-2 of the clamp base. The driving mode of the fixed clamp is manual. When the handle A1 and the handle B2 are rotated around the axis of the pressing rod, the outer thread 3-1 of the adjusting screw is screwingly moved between the inner threaded hole 11-1 of the clamp base. Since the clamp base 11 is fixed, the adjusting screw 3 moves linearly along the axis, thereby driving the pressing rod 4 to move linearly. The end surface of the pressing rod 4 further acts on the wedge clamp 6, so that the wedge clamp 6 is clamped or loosened, and then the test piece 12 is clamped or disassembled. The up-and-down movement of the pressing head 5 can change the height position of the wedge clamp 6, thereby adjusting the test sample installation space. After the test sample is clamped with force, the screws A and B on the pressing plate A 7 and the pressing plate B 8 are tightened, so as to prevent the wedge clamp 6 from jumping in the radial direction of the pressing rod 4, thereby causing the test piece 12 to be unevenly stressed. A straight grain texture 6-3 is designed on the jaw part of the wedge clamp 6, so as to increase the friction between the wedge clamp 6 and the test piece 12.

[0037] The movable end clamp comprises a clamp shaft 13, an adjusting plate 14, a bearing seat A 15, a bearing cover 16, a bearing A 17, a bolt assembly A 18 and a bolt assembly B 19. The clamp shaft 13 is transitionally fitted with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 17, the outer ring of the rolling bearing 17 is transitionally fitted between the bearing seat hole 15-1 and the bearing cover hole 16-1, the bearing seat 15 is fastened and connected with the bearing cover 16 through the bolt assembly A 18 and the bolt assembly B 19, one side of the clamp shaft 13 is connected with the shaft coupling A 20, and the other side is threadedly connected with the adjusting plate 14 through the screws C 21 and D 22, so as to press the test piece 12 to the plane of the clamp shaft 13. The position where the adjusting plate 14 contacts the test piece 12 is a right-angle notch. The test piece 12 is clamped by threadedly connecting the adjusting plate, the test piece 12 and the clamp shaft 13 through the screws C 21 and D 22.

[0038] Example 4 The present application discloses a flexible heat-proof material composite deformation and ablation performance testing system, which comprises an existing oxygen-ethyne ablation experiment table and a composite deformation device.

[0039] The test piece clamping device comprises a fixed end clamp and a movable end clamp, wherein the fixed end clamp comprises a handle A1, a handle B2, an adjusting screw 3, a pressing rod 4, a pressing head 5, a wedge clamp 6, a pressing plate A 7, a pressing plate B 8, a screw A 9, a screw B 10 and a clamp base 11. The handle A1 and the handle B2 are connected with the adjusting screw 3 through an interference fit of a shaft hole, the adjusting screw outer thread 3-1 is threadedly connected with the clamp base inner screw hole 11-1, the adjusting screw main shaft hole 3-2 is clearance fit with the outer circle of the pressing rod 4, the pressing head 5 is placed in the semicircular hole 6-1 of the wedge clamp, the wedge clamp 6 is pressed on the clamp base 11 through the screw A 9, the pressing plate A 7, the screw B 10 and the pressing plate B 8, and the wedge clamp outer side slope 6-2 is tightly attached to the clamp base inner side slope 11-2. The driving mode of the fixed clamp is manual. When the handle A1 and the handle B2 are rotated around the pressing rod axis, the adjusting screw outer thread 3-1 and the clamp base inner screw hole 11-1 perform screw motion. Since the clamp base 11 is fixed, the adjusting screw 3 generates linear movement along the axis, thereby driving the pressing rod 4 to perform linear motion. The end face of the pressing rod 4 further acts on the wedge clamp 6, so as to clamp or loosen it, and further apply clamping force or disassemble the test piece. The up and down movement of the pressing head 5 can change the height position of the wedge clamp 6, so as to adjust the test piece installation space. After the test piece is subjected to complete clamping force, the screws A and B on the pressing plate A 7 and the pressing plate B 8 are respectively tightened, so as to prevent the wedge clamp 6 from jumping in the radial direction of the pressing rod 4, thereby causing uneven force on the test piece 12. A straight grain texture 6-3 is designed on the jaw part of the wedge clamp 6, so as to increase the friction between the wedge clamp 6 and the test piece 12.

[0040] The movable end clamp comprises a clamp shaft 13, an adjusting plate 14, a bearing seat A 15, a bearing cover 16, a bearing A 17, a bolt assembly A 18, a bolt assembly B 19, the clamp shaft 13 is transition fit with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 17, the outer ring of the rolling bearing 17 is transition fit between the bearing seat hole 15-1 and the bearing cover hole 16-1, the bearing seat 15 and the bearing cover 16 are fastened and connected through the bolt assembly A 18 and the bolt assembly B 19, one side of the clamp shaft 13 is connected with the shaft coupling A 20, and the other side is threadedly connected with the adjusting plate 14 through the screw C 21 and the screw D 22, so as to press the test piece 12 to the plane of the clamp shaft 13. The position where the adjusting plate 14 contacts the test piece 12 is a right angle notch. The test piece 12 is clamped by connecting the adjusting plate, the test piece 12 and the clamp shaft 13 through the screw C 21 and the screw D 22.

[0041] The bending deformation device comprises a driving device, a transmission system and an executing device. The driving device is a speed reducer motor A23 which is fixed on an L-shaped support 25 through screw groups A24. The transmission system is a slider-crank mechanism which comprises a crank 26, a connecting rod 27, a top rod holder 28, a guide seat 29 fixed on the L-shaped support 25 and the like. The crank 26 is a long rod with a T-shaped slot 26-1. The speed reducer motor A23 is matched with a rotating center hole 26-2 of the crank and is connected through a pin 30. The pin 30 connects the motor output shaft 23-1 and the crank 26 to realize axial fixation of the two. The connecting rod 27 is a three-section structure. Two ends are hinge rods A27-1 and hinge rods B27-2 with universal ball heads. The hinge rod A27-1 is hinged with the crank 26 through screw assembly 31 which can move along the T-shaped slot 26-1 of the crank. The hinge rod B27-2 is hinged with the top rod holder 28 through bolt assembly C32. The middle section of the connecting rod 27 is an adjustable rod 27-3. The two ends of the adjustable rod 27-3 are provided with threads. The two ends of the adjustable rod 27-3 are threadedly connected with the hinge rod A27-1 and the hinge rod B27-2 respectively. The length can be finely adjusted by adding or reducing the gaskets. The top rod holder 28 is a straight line guide column which can reciprocate linearly with the guide seat 29. The executing device is a top pin 33 which is provided with external threads and is threadedly connected with the internal threaded hole 28-1 of the top rod holder.

[0042] When the motor 23 drives the crank 26 to rotate, the connecting rod 27 swings and further transmits the motion to the reciprocating linear motion of the top rod holder 28 in the guide seat 29. The top rod 27 is synchronously extended or retracted with the top rod holder 28. The top rod 27 is in contact with the center of the heat-resistant material test piece 12. The test piece 12 is lifted at the center to realize bending deformation. When the screw assembly 31 is moved along the T-shaped slot 26-1 of the crank to change the distance from the rotating center, the rotating radius of the crank 26 can be changed, the reciprocating stroke of the top rod holder 28 is changed, and the bending deformation with different deformation amounts is realized. In addition, by replacing the executing part, the deformation loading mode can be changed to realize the bending deformation loading with different deformation modes, for example, the top pin 33 is replaced by a linear top rod 34. At the same time, the motor can realize the bending deformation loading with different deformation speeds and deformation times in combination with the relay and the speed regulator electronic components.

[0043] Example 5 The flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablation performance test system comprises an existing oxygen-ethyne ablation test table and a composite deformation device. The composite deformation device comprises a test piece clamping device, a bending deformation device, an expansion deformation device, a torsion deformation device and a linear driving device.

[0044] The test piece clamping device comprises a fixed end clamp and a movable end clamp, wherein the fixed end clamp comprises a handle A1, a handle B2, an adjusting screw 3, a pressing rod 4, a pressing head 5, a wedge clamp 6, a pressing plate A 7, a pressing plate B 8, a screw A 9, a screw B 10 and a clamp base 11. The handle A1 and the handle B2 are connected with the adjusting screw 3 through an interference fit of a shaft hole, the adjusting screw outer thread 3-1 is threadedly connected with the clamp base inner screw hole 11-1, the adjusting screw main shaft hole 3-2 is clearance fit with the outer circle of the pressing rod 4, the pressing head 5 is placed in the semicircular hole 6-1 of the wedge clamp, the wedge clamp 6 is pressed on the clamp base 11 through the screw A 9, the pressing plate A 7, the screw B 10 and the pressing plate B 8, and the wedge clamp outer side slope 6-2 is tightly attached to the clamp base inner side slope 11-2. The driving mode of the fixed clamp is manual. When the handle A1 and the handle B2 are rotated around the pressing rod axis, the adjusting screw outer thread 3-1 and the clamp base inner screw hole 11-1 perform screw motion. Since the clamp base 11 is fixed, the adjusting screw 3 generates linear movement along the axis, thereby driving the pressing rod 4 to perform linear motion. The end face of the pressing rod 4 further acts on the wedge clamp 6, so as to clamp or loosen it, and further apply clamping force or disassemble the test piece. The up and down movement of the pressing head 5 can change the height position of the wedge clamp 6, so as to adjust the test piece installation space. After the test piece is subjected to complete clamping force, the screws A and B on the pressing plate A 7 and the pressing plate B 8 are respectively tightened, so as to prevent the wedge clamp 6 from jumping in the radial direction of the pressing rod 4, thereby causing uneven force on the test piece 12. A straight grain texture 6-3 is designed on the jaw part of the wedge clamp 6, so as to increase the friction between the wedge clamp 6 and the test piece 12.

[0045] The movable end clamp comprises a clamp shaft 13, an adjusting plate 14, a bearing seat A 15, a bearing cover 16, a bearing A 17, a bolt assembly A 18, a bolt assembly B 19, the clamp shaft 13 is transition fit with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 17, the outer ring of the rolling bearing 17 is transition fit between the bearing seat hole 15-1 and the bearing cover hole 16-1, the bearing seat 15 and the bearing cover 16 are fastened and connected through the bolt assembly A 18 and the bolt assembly B 19, one side of the clamp shaft 13 is connected with the shaft coupling A 20, and the other side is threadedly connected with the adjusting plate 14 through the screw C 21 and the screw D 22, so as to press the test piece 12 to the plane of the clamp shaft 13. The position where the adjusting plate 14 contacts the test piece 12 is a right angle notch. The test piece 12 is clamped by connecting the adjusting plate, the test piece 12 and the clamp shaft 13 through the screw C 21 and the screw D 22.

[0046] The bending deformation device comprises a driving device, a transmission system and an execution device. The driving device is a reduction motor A23 which is fixed on an L-shaped support 25 through screw set A24. The transmission system is a slider-crank mechanism which comprises a crank 26, a connecting rod 27, a top rod holder 28 and a guide seat 29 fixed on the L-shaped support 25, etc. The crank 26 is a long rod with a T-shaped slot 26-1. The reduction motor A23 is matched with the rotation center hole 26-2 of the crank and is connected through a pin 30. The pin 30 connects the motor output shaft 23-1 and the crank 26 to realize the axial fixation of the two. The connecting rod 27 is a three-section structure. The two ends are hinge rod A27-1 and hinge rod B27-2 with universal ball heads. The hinge rod A27-1 is hinged with the crank 26 through screw assembly 31 which can move along the T-shaped slot 26-1 of the crank. The hinge rod B27-2 is hinged with the top rod holder 28 through bolt assembly C32. The middle section of the connecting rod 27 is adjustable rod 27-3. The two ends of the adjustable rod 27-3 are provided with threads. The two ends of the adjustable rod 27-3 are respectively threadedly connected with the hinge rod A27-1 and the hinge rod B27-2. The length can be finely adjusted by adding or reducing the gaskets. The top rod holder 28 is a straight line guide column which can reciprocate linearly with the guide seat 29. The execution device is a top pin 33 which is provided with external threads and is threadedly connected with the internal threaded hole 28-1 of the top rod holder.

[0047] When the motor 23 drives the crank 26 to rotate, the connecting rod 27 swings and further transmits the motion to the reciprocating linear motion of the top rod holder 28 in the guide seat 29. The top rod 27 is synchronously extended or retracted with the top rod holder 28. The top rod 27 is in contact with the center of the heat-resistant material test piece 12. The test piece 12 is lifted at the center to realize the bending deformation through the linear motion. When the screw assembly 31 is moved along the T-shaped slot 26-1 of the crank to change the distance from the rotation center, the rotation radius of the crank 26 can be changed, the stroke of the reciprocating motion of the top rod holder 28 is changed, and the bending deformation with different deformation amounts is realized. In addition, by replacing the execution part, the deformation loading mode can be changed to realize the bending deformation loading with different deformation modes, for example, the top pin 33 is replaced by a linear top rod 34. At the same time, the motor can also realize the bending deformation loading with different deformation speeds and deformation times in combination with the relay and the speed regulator electronic components.

[0048] The telescopic deformation device mainly comprises a speed reducer motor B35, a shaft coupling B36, a lead screw 37, a nut 38, a moving table 39, a linear guide rail A40, a linear guide rail B41, a sliding block A42, a sliding block B43, a stroke limiting part A44, a stroke limiting part B45 and the like. The speed reducer motor B35 is connected to a motor support 47 through a bolt assembly D46, the motor support 47 is fixedly connected to a bottom plate 49 through a bolt assembly E48, the speed reducer motor B35 is connected to the lead screw 37 through the shaft coupling B36, the lead screw 37 is supported through two end bearings B50 and bearings C51, the bearing B50 is connected to a bearing seat B52 through transition fit, the bearing C51 is connected to a bearing seat C53 through transition fit, the bearing seat B52 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 49 through a bolt assembly F54, and the bearing seat C53 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 49 through a bolt assembly G55, so as to support the lead screw and keep stable operation thereof.

[0049] The nut 38 can perform screw motion with the lead screw 37, the nut 38 is connected to the moving table 39 through a nut seat connecting screw 38-1, and a movable end clamp bearing seat A15 is fixedly connected to the moving table 39 through a bolt assembly H56. On both sides of the lead screw 37 main shaft, there is a pair of linear guide rails A40 and linear guide rails B41, the linear guide rails A40 and the linear guide rails B41 are connected to the bottom plate 49 through a screw group B57, and the moving table 39 is connected to the sliding block A42 and the sliding block B43 on both sides respectively. The moving table 39 is fixedly connected to the sliding block A42 through a screw group C58, and the moving table 39 is fixedly connected to the sliding block B43 through a screw group D59. Through the above connection, the moving table 39, the movable end clamp and the sliding block form a movement whole, and the sliding block A42 and the sliding block B43 bear a series of device loads and can drive these loads to perform accurate linear motion along the linear guide rails A40 and the linear guide rails B41 on both sides.

[0050] When the speed reducer motor B35 drives the lead screw 37 to rotate, the rotation motion is converted into linear motion of the nut 38 through screw transmission, and the moving table 39, the movable end clamp and the sliding block are further driven to perform linear motion. Since the fixed end clamp is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 49 through a screw group E60, the linear motion of the movable end clamp drives the flexible material sample 12 to generate tensile or compressive deformation. The stroke limiting parts A44 and B45 are installed on the linear guide rails through a screw group F61, and are used for limiting the moving range of the sliding block A42 and the sliding block B43 and controlling the deformation amount.

[0051] Embodiment 6 The present application is a kind of flexible heat-resistant material composite deformation and ablative performance test system, including an existing oxygen-acetylene ablation test table and a composite deformation device. The composite deformation device includes a sample clamping device, a bending deformation device, a telescopic deformation device, a torsional deformation device and a linear driving device.

[0052] The test piece clamping device comprises a fixed end clamp and a movable end clamp, wherein the fixed end clamp comprises a handle A1, a handle B2, an adjusting screw 3, a pressing rod 4, a pressing head 5, a wedge clamp 6, a pressing plate A 7, a pressing plate B 8, a screw A 9, a screw B 10 and a clamp base 11. The handle A1 and the handle B2 are connected with the adjusting screw 3 through an interference fit of a shaft hole, the adjusting screw outer thread 3-1 is threadedly connected with the clamp base inner screw hole 11-1, the adjusting screw main shaft hole 3-2 is clearance fit with the outer circle of the pressing rod 4, the pressing head 5 is placed in the semicircular hole 6-1 of the wedge clamp, the wedge clamp 6 is pressed on the clamp base 11 through the screw A 9, the pressing plate A 7, the screw B 10 and the pressing plate B 8, and the wedge clamp outer side slope 6-2 is tightly attached to the clamp base inner side slope 11-2. The driving mode of the fixed clamp is manual. When the handle A1 and the handle B2 are rotated around the pressing rod axis, the adjusting screw outer thread 3-1 and the clamp base inner screw hole 11-1 perform screw motion. Since the clamp base 11 is fixed, the adjusting screw 3 generates linear movement along the axis, thereby driving the pressing rod 4 to perform linear motion. The end face of the pressing rod 4 further acts on the wedge clamp 6, so as to clamp or loosen it, and further apply clamping force or disassemble the test piece. The up and down movement of the pressing head 5 can change the height position of the wedge clamp 6, so as to adjust the test piece installation space. After the test piece is subjected to complete clamping force, the screws A and B on the pressing plate A 7 and the pressing plate B 8 are respectively tightened, so as to prevent the wedge clamp 6 from jumping in the radial direction of the pressing rod 4, thereby causing uneven force on the test piece 12. A straight grain texture 6-3 is designed on the jaw part of the wedge clamp 6, so as to increase the friction between the wedge clamp 6 and the test piece 12.

[0053] The movable end clamp comprises a clamp shaft 13, an adjusting plate 14, a bearing seat A 15, a bearing cover 16, a bearing A 17, a bolt assembly A 18, a bolt assembly B 19, the clamp shaft 13 is transition fit with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 17, the outer ring of the rolling bearing 17 is transition fit between the bearing seat hole 15-1 and the bearing cover hole 16-1, the bearing seat 15 and the bearing cover 16 are fastened and connected through the bolt assembly A 18 and the bolt assembly B 19, one side of the clamp shaft 13 is connected with the shaft coupling A 20, and the other side is threadedly connected with the adjusting plate 14 through the screw C 21 and the screw D 22, so as to press the test piece 12 to the plane of the clamp shaft 13. The position where the adjusting plate 14 contacts the test piece 12 is a right angle notch. The test piece 12 is clamped by connecting the adjusting plate, the test piece 12 and the clamp shaft 13 through the screw C 21 and the screw D 22.

[0054] The bending deformation device comprises a driving device, a transmission system and an execution device. The driving device is a reduction motor A23 which is fixed on an L-shaped support 25 through screw set A24. The transmission system is a slider-crank mechanism which comprises a crank 26, a connecting rod 27, a top rod holder 28 and a guide seat 29 fixed on the L-shaped support 25, etc. The crank 26 is a long rod with a T-shaped slot 26-1. The reduction motor A23 is matched with the rotation center hole 26-2 of the crank and is connected through a pin 30. The pin 30 connects the motor output shaft 23-1 and the crank 26 to realize the axial fixation of the two. The connecting rod 27 is a three-section structure. The two ends are hinge rod A27-1 and hinge rod B27-2 with universal ball heads. The hinge rod A27-1 is hinged with the crank 26 through screw assembly 31 which can move along the T-shaped slot 26-1 of the crank. The hinge rod B27-2 is hinged with the top rod holder 28 through bolt assembly C32. The middle section of the connecting rod 27 is adjustable rod 27-3. The two ends of the adjustable rod 27-3 are provided with threads. The two ends of the adjustable rod 27-3 are respectively threadedly connected with the hinge rod A27-1 and the hinge rod B27-2. The length can be finely adjusted by adding or reducing the gaskets. The top rod holder 28 is a straight line guide column which can reciprocate linearly with the guide seat 29. The execution device is a top pin 33 which is provided with external threads and is threadedly connected with the internal threaded hole 28-1 of the top rod holder.

[0055] When the motor 23 drives the crank 26 to rotate, the connecting rod 27 swings and further transmits the motion to the reciprocating linear motion of the top rod holder 28 in the guide seat 29. The top rod 27 is synchronously extended or retracted with the top rod holder 28. The top rod 27 is in contact with the center of the heat-resistant material test piece 12. The test piece 12 is lifted at the center to realize the bending deformation through the linear motion. When the screw assembly 31 is moved along the T-shaped slot 26-1 of the crank to change the distance from the rotation center, the rotation radius of the crank 26 can be changed, the stroke of the reciprocating motion of the top rod holder 28 is changed, and the bending deformation with different deformation amounts is realized. In addition, by replacing the execution part, the deformation loading mode can be changed to realize the bending deformation loading with different deformation modes, for example, the top pin 33 is replaced by a linear top rod 34. At the same time, the motor can also realize the bending deformation loading with different deformation speeds and deformation times in combination with the relay and the speed regulator electronic components.

[0056] The telescopic deformation device mainly comprises a speed reducer motor B35, a shaft coupling B36, a lead screw 37, a nut 38, a moving table 39, a linear guide rail A40, a linear guide rail B41, a sliding block A42, a sliding block B43, a stroke limiting part A44, a stroke limiting part B45 and the like. The speed reducer motor B35 is connected to a motor support 47 through a bolt assembly D46, the motor support 47 is fixedly connected to a bottom plate 49 through a bolt assembly E48, the speed reducer motor B35 is connected to the lead screw 37 through the shaft coupling B36, the lead screw 37 is supported through two end bearings B50 and a bearing C51, the bearing B50 is connected to a bearing seat B52 through a transition fit, the bearing C51 is connected to a bearing seat C53 through a transition fit, the bearing seat B52 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 49 through a bolt assembly F54, and the bearing seat C53 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 49 through a bolt assembly G55, so as to support the lead screw and keep it stable.

[0057] The nut 38 can perform screw motion with the lead screw 37, the nut 38 is connected to the moving table 39 through a nut seat connecting screw 38-1, and a movable end clamp bearing seat A15 is fixedly connected to the moving table 39 through a bolt assembly H56. On both sides of the lead screw 37 main shaft are a pair of linear guide rails A40 and linear guide rails B41, the linear guide rails A40 and the linear guide rails B41 are connected to the bottom plate 49 through a screw group B57, and the moving table 39 is connected to the sliding block A42 and the sliding block B43 on both sides respectively. The moving table 39 is fixedly connected to the sliding block A42 through a screw group C58, and the moving table 39 is fixedly connected to the sliding block B43 through a screw group D59. Through the above connection, the moving table 39, the movable end clamp and the sliding block form a movement whole, and the sliding block A42 and the sliding block B43 bear a series of device loads and can drive these loads to perform accurate linear motion along the linear guide rails A40 and the linear guide rails B41 on both sides.

[0058] When the speed reducer motor B35 drives the lead screw 37 to rotate, the rotation motion is converted into linear motion of the nut 38 through screw transmission, and the moving table 39, the movable end clamp and the sliding block are further driven to perform linear motion. Since the fixed end clamp is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 49 through a screw group E60, the linear motion of the movable end clamp drives the flexible material sample 12 to generate tensile or compressive deformation. The stroke limiting parts A44 and B45 are installed on the linear guide rails through a screw group F61, and are used for limiting the moving range of the sliding block A42 and the sliding block B43 and controlling the deformation amount.

[0059] In addition, a fire baffle 62 is arranged in front of the flame, the fire baffle 62 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 49 through a screw group G63, the fire baffle 62 is located between the oxygen-acetylene flame and the deformation device, the sliding rail and the tensile deformation device are separated from the flame, and the direct spraying of the flame is prevented to prevent damage of the whole device.

Claims

1. A testing system for the deformation and ablation performance of flexible heat-resistant composite materials, characterized in that, It includes an existing oxy-acetylene ablation test bench and a composite deformation device, which includes a specimen clamping device, a bending deformation device, a telescopic deformation device, a torsional deformation device, and a linear travel device.

2. The test system for testing the deformation and ablation performance of flexible heat-resistant composite materials in the specimen clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specimen clamping device includes a fixed end clamp and a movable end clamp. The fixed end clamp includes a handle A (1), a handle B (2), an adjusting screw (3), a pressure rod (4), a pressure head (5), a wedge clamp (6), a pressure plate A (7), a pressure plate B (8), a screw A (9), a screw B (10), and a clamp seat (11). The handle A (1) and handle B (2) are connected to the adjusting screw (3) by an interference fit through a shaft hole. The external thread (3-1) of the adjusting screw is connected to the internal thread of the clamp seat. The screw holes (11-1) are connected by threads. The main shaft hole (3-2) of the adjusting screw is clearance-fitted with the outer circle of the pressure rod (4). The pressure head (5) is placed in the semi-circular hole (6-1) of the wedge clamp. The wedge clamp (6) is pressed onto the fixture seat (11) by screw A (9), pressure plate A (7), screw B (10) and pressure plate B (8). The outer inclined surface (6-2) of the wedge clamp is close to the inner inclined surface (11-2) of the fixture seat. The driving method of this fixing fixture is manual. When the handles A (1) and B (2) are rotated along the axis of the pressure rod, the external thread (3-1) of the adjusting screw and the internal thread hole (11-1) of the fixture seat undergo a helical motion. Since the fixture seat (11) is fixed, the adjusting screw (3) moves linearly along the axis, thereby driving the pressure rod (4) to move linearly. The end face of the pressure rod (4) further acts on the wedge clamp (6) to clamp or loosen it, thereby applying clamping force to the specimen (12) or disassembling the specimen. The up-and-down movement of 5) can change the height of the wedge clamp (6), thereby adjusting the sample installation space. After applying clamping force to the sample, tighten screws A (9) and B (10) on the pressure plate A (7) and pressure plate B (8) respectively to prevent the wedge clamp (6) from jumping in the radial direction of the pressure rod (4) and causing uneven force on the specimen (12). Straight lines (6-3) are designed on the jaw part of the wedge clamp (6) to increase the friction between the wedge clamp (6) and the specimen (12).

3. The test system for testing the deformation and ablation performance of flexible heat-resistant composite materials in the specimen clamping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The movable end clamp includes a clamp shaft (13), which is transitionally fitted with the inner ring of the rolling bearing (17). The outer ring of the rolling bearing (17) is transitionally fitted with the bearing seat hole (15-1) and the bearing cover hole (16-1). The bearing seat (15) and the bearing cover (16) are fastened together by bolt assembly A (18) and bolt assembly B (19). One side of the clamp shaft (13) is connected to the coupling A (20), and the other side is connected to the adjusting plate (14) by the threaded connection of screw C (21) and screw D (22) to press the specimen (12) onto the plane of the clamp shaft (13). The position where the adjusting plate (14) contacts the specimen (12) is a right angle notch. The adjusting plate, the specimen (12) and the clamping shaft (13) are connected by screw C (21) and screw D (22) so that the specimen (12) is clamped.

4. The test system for testing the deformation and ablation performance of flexible heat-resistant composite materials in the specimen clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bending deformation device includes a drive device, a transmission system, and an execution device. The drive device is a geared motor A (23), which is fixed to the L-shaped bracket (25) by screw group A (24). The transmission system is a crank-slider mechanism, including a crank (26), a connecting rod (27), a push rod bracket (28), and a guide seat (29) fixed to the L-shaped bracket (25). The crank (26) is a long rod with a T-slot (26-1). The geared motor A (23) is engaged with the crank rotation center hole (26-2) and connected by a pin (30). The pin (30) connects the motor output shaft (23-1) and the crank (26) to achieve axial fixation of the two. The connecting rod (27) is a three-section structure with hinge rod A (27-1) and hinge rod B with universal ball joints at both ends. (27-2) Hinged rod A (27-1) is hinged to crank (26) via screw assembly (31) that can move along crank T-slot (26-1), and hinged rod B (27-2) is hinged to top rod frame (28) via bolt assembly C (32); the middle section of connecting rod (27) is adjustable rod (27-3), both ends of adjustable rod (27-3) are threaded, and both ends of adjustable rod (27-3) are threaded to hinged rod A (27-1) and hinged rod B (27-2) respectively. By adding or subtracting shims, the length can be finely adjusted. Top rod frame (28) is a straight guide post, which can reciprocate linearly with guide seat (29). The actuator is a center (33) with external thread, and the center (33) is threaded to the internal threaded hole (28-1) of top rod frame.

5. The test system for testing the deformation and ablation performance of flexible heat-resistant composite materials in the specimen clamping device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The telescopic deformation device includes a geared motor B (35), which is connected to a motor bracket (47) via a bolt assembly D (46). The motor bracket (47) is fixed to a base plate (49) via a bolt assembly E (48). The geared motor B (35) is connected to a lead screw (37) via a coupling B (36). The lead screw (37) is supported by bearings B (50) and C (51) at both ends. Bearing B (50) is connected to bearing seat B (52) via an transition fit. Bearing C (51) is connected to bearing seat C (53) via an transition fit. Bearing seat B (52) is fixedly connected to the base plate (49) via a bolt assembly F (54). Bearing seat C (53) is fixedly connected to the base plate (49) via a bolt assembly G (55) to support the lead screw and maintain its stable operation.

6. The test system for testing the deformation and ablation performance of flexible heat-resistant composite materials in the specimen clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The nut (38) and the lead screw (37) move in a spiral motion. The nut (38) is connected to the moving table (39) by the nut seat connecting screw (38-1). The movable end clamp bearing seat A (15) is fixed on the moving table (39) by the bolt assembly H (56). On both sides of the lead screw (37) spindle are a pair of linear guide rails A (40) and linear guide rails B (41). The linear guide rails A (40) and linear guide rails B (41) are connected to the base plate (49) by the screw assembly B (57). The moving table (39) is connected to the sliding plate on both sides. Block A (42) and slider B (43) are connected. The moving stage (39) is fixedly connected to slider A (42) by screw group C (58). The moving stage (39) is fixedly connected to slider B (43) by screw group D59. The moving stage (39), movable end clamp and slider are connected to form a moving whole. Slider A (42) and slider B (43) bear the load of a series of devices and can drive these loads to make precise linear movements along the linear guide rails A (40) and B (41) on both sides.

7. The test system for testing the deformation and ablation performance of flexible heat-resistant composite materials in the specimen clamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A fire baffle (62) is provided in front of the flame. The fire baffle (62) is connected and fixed to the base plate (49) by screw group G (63). The fire baffle (62) is located between the oxy-acetylene flame and the deformation device, separating the slide rail and the stretching deformation device from the flame, and preventing the flame from directly spraying and causing damage to the entire device.

8. The test system for testing the deformation and ablation performance of flexible heat-resistant composite materials in the specimen clamping device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The torsional deformation device includes a torsional motor (64) and a movable end clamp. The torsional motor is connected to the clamp shaft (13) of the movable end clamp via a coupling A (20). The torque output of the torsional motor (64) is transmitted to the clamp shaft (13) via the coupling A (20). The specimen (12) clamped between the clamp shaft (13) and the adjusting plate (14) is twisted together, while the fixed end clamp remains stationary, thereby causing the flexible specimen (12) clamped on the clamp to undergo torsional deformation. The tensile deformation device can be used to assist in adjusting the position of the clamp or related components to adapt to specimens of different specifications. The torsional motor (64) can be precisely controlled by the control system to control the torque magnitude and rotation angle, thereby achieving precise control of the degree of torsional deformation of the flexible specimen (12) and meeting the testing requirements of the flexible specimen under torsional deformation.

9. The test system for testing the deformation and ablation performance of flexible heat-resistant composite materials in the specimen clamping device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The three deformation devices are integrated on the base plate (49) and assembled with the oxyacetylene ablation stage (65) through the linear travel device. The L-shaped bracket (25) of the bending deformation device is connected to the base plate fixed platform A (49-1) through the screw group H71. The linear guide rails A (40) and B (41) of the telescopic deformation device are connected to the fixed platform B (49-2) through the screw group B (57). The fixed end clamps of the torsional deformation device and the telescopic deformation device are connected to the base plate fixed platform A (49-1) through the screw group E (60). The movable end clamp bearing seat A (15) is connected to the moving stage (39) through the bolt assembly H (56).

10. The test system for testing the deformation and ablation performance of flexible heat-resistant composite materials in the specimen clamping device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The straight-line traveling device includes a base plate (49), four wheels (66), and an automatic telescopic rod (68). The wheels 66 are mounted on the base plate (49). The composite deformation device is placed on the oxyacetylene ablation stage (65) of the ablation test bench via the wheels (66). An oxyacetylene ablation gun (67) is fixed on the ablation stage surface (65-1). The fixed end of the automatic telescopic rod (68) is connected to the ablation stage surface (65-1) via bolt assembly I (69), and the telescopic end is connected to the base plate via bolt assembly J (70). (49) Connect, and through remote control of the extension and retraction of the automatic telescopic rod (68), the deformation device can be moved laterally, so that it is moved away from or to the front of the ablation gun. When the composite deformation device moves to the front of the oxy-acetylene ablation gun, the oxy-acetylene flame can produce a thermochemical ablation effect on the specimen (12) placed in the composite deformation device. At the same time, the composite deformation device can perform different forms of deformation loading on the specimen, thereby realizing the ablation experiment under bending, extension, torsion and other combined deformation modes.

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