Simulation method of heater based on ABAQUS and heater

Abstract

The invention discloses an ABAQUS-based heater simulation method and a heater in the technical field of gas cylinder heater equipment. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, determining the overall size of a heater, and establishing a simplified geometric model of a heater bracket; 2, preprocessing the geometric model of the heater bracket based on ABAQUS simulation software to obtain a numerical model; step 3, performing simulation calculation on the numerical model by utilizing ABAQUS to obtain a calculation result; 4, post-processing the calculation result to obtain the mechanical condition of the heater bracket; and carrying out post-processing on the calculation structure by utilizing ABAQUS to obtain the mechanical condition of the heater bracket. The mechanical weak points of the equipment are tested through the steps of the method, so that the testing cost of the equipment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of gas cylinder heater equipment, specifically relating to a simulation method for heaters based on ABAQUS. Background Technology

[0002] Industries such as semiconductors and medical devices require the use of liquid gases such as sulfur hexafluoride, liquefied petroleum gas, liquid ammonia, and liquid CO2. Modern processes typically use steel gas cylinders as storage devices for these liquid gases. During rapid release of liquid gas, the gas expands and absorbs heat, causing the cylinder temperature to drop and condensation to form on the bottom. To fully release all the liquid gas inside the cylinder, heating equipment is needed to maintain the temperature at the bottom of the cylinder above freezing.

[0003] To improve the efficiency of heating gas cylinders, multiple cylinders are typically heated simultaneously using the same heating device. The number of cylinders, their location, and the mass changes during gas release all affect the actual load on the main support structure of the heating device. The load on different parts of the heater also varies under different operating conditions. To prevent safety accidents caused by uneven deformation due to localized stress on the heater, timely reinforcement measures are needed at the heater's weak points during use. However, current methods of testing the heater's physical support under different operating conditions are too costly and pose safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to disclose a simulation method for heaters based on ABAQUS, which can effectively reduce testing costs and avoid safety hazards in the use of heaters.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention discloses a simulation method for a heater based on ABAQUS, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Determine the overall dimensions of the heater and simplify the main stress-bearing part of the heater to the heater support. Establish a geometric model of the heater support for simulation analysis. Step 2: Preprocess the geometric model of the heater support based on ABAQUS simulation software to obtain a numerical model; the preprocessing includes defining the working state of the heater as a standard working condition and an overload working condition, wherein the weight of the gas cylinder set in the standard working condition is less than the weight of the gas cylinder set in the overload working condition. Step 3: Use ABAQUS to perform simulation calculations on the numerical model to obtain the calculation results; Step 4: Post-process the calculation results to obtain the mechanical properties of the heater bracket. As an optional implementation, in step 1, the geometric model of the heater support includes a main body and a column. The main body includes a heating zone and a platform, and the column is fixed to the platform. The heating zone includes multiple sections, which are used to place the gas cylinder. In order from farthest to near the column, the sections sequentially include a first section, a second section, a third section, and a fourth section.

[0006] As an optional implementation, step 2 includes the following preprocessing: Step 2-1: Import the geometric model of the heater bracket into ABAQUS; Step 2-2: In ABAQUS, perform mesh generation on the heater support; Steps 2-3: In ABAQUS, define the material properties and basic mechanical parameters of the main body and the column of the heater bracket, and simulate them using an elastic-fully plastic bilinear model. Steps 2-4: In ABAQUS, add constraints and contacts to the motion characteristics of the heater bracket respectively.

[0007] As an optional implementation, in step 2-2, the material of the main body is set to stainless steel, and the material of the column is set to structural steel; the elastic modulus of the main body and the column are set to 200 GPa, and the density is set to 7850 kg / m³. 3 The yield strength σ1 of stainless steel is set to 275 MPa, and the yield strength σ2 of structural steel is set to 235 MPa.

[0008] As an optional implementation, in step 2, the gravity load of the gas cylinder on the main body is simplified to a uniformly distributed load q, which is applied to the main body; the vertical axial force F and bending moment W of the column are applied to the top of the column; wherein the uniformly distributed load q and the vertical axial force F both point towards the direction of the main body closer to the ground.

[0009] As an optional implementation, in step 2, the heater support is subjected to static loading analysis; under standard operating conditions, the uniform wiring load is set to q1=1.8N / mm; under overload conditions, the uniform wiring load is set to q2=3.6N / mm.

[0010] As an optional implementation, the standard operating conditions include a first operating condition, a second operating condition, a third operating condition, a fourth operating condition, and a fifth operating condition; For the first working condition, it is set that the column does not lift the gas cylinder, and the vertical load of the column is set to F1=0N, and the bending moment is set to M1=0N·mm; For the second to the fifth working conditions, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder, and the vertical load of the column is set to F2=980N. In the second working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the first area, and the bending moment is set to M2=1298500N·mm; In the third working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the second zone, and the bending moment is set to M3 = 1033900 N·mm; In the fourth working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the third zone, and the bending moment is set to M4 = 769300 N·mm; In the fifth working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the fourth zone, and the bending moment is set to M5 = 504700 N·mm.

[0011] As an optional implementation, the overload conditions include the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth conditions; For the sixth working condition, it is set that the column does not lift the gas cylinder, and the vertical load of the column is set to F3=0N, and the bending moment is M6=0N·mm; For the seventh to tenth working conditions, the vertical load on the column is set to F4 = 1960 N; In the seventh working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the first area, and the bending moment is set to M7 = 2597000 N·mm; In the eighth working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the second zone, and the bending moment is set to M8 = 2067800 N·mm; In the ninth working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the third zone, and the bending moment is set to M9 = 1538600 N·mm; In the tenth operating condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the fourth zone, and the bending moment is set to M. 10 =1009400N·mm.

[0012] As an optional implementation, in step 2, the heater support further includes roller assemblies, which are located on the side of the main body near the ground. The number of roller assemblies is set to 8, with 4 roller assemblies evenly distributed on the heating zone and the side of the platform near the ground. In the numerical model, rigid spring units are used to simulate the roller assemblies instead of the roller assemblies. The rigid spring units are subjected to vertical pressure F0, and the boundary conditions of the roller assemblies are set to constrain the translational degrees of freedom of the rigid spring units.

[0013] On the other hand, a heater is disclosed for heating gas cylinders to prevent frost formation during gas release. The heater undergoes mechanical testing using the aforementioned ABAQUS-based heater simulation method. Each section of the heater has two stations for placing the gas cylinders; these stations are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the heater.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Determine the overall dimensions of the heater support and simplify the main load-bearing part of the heater to the heater support. Establish a geometric model for the heater support for simulation analysis. The heater support, as the main frame of the heater, bears most of the load. By establishing a numerical model of the heater support, the stress of the heater can be simulated to the maximum extent. There is no need to establish a complex geometric model, which reduces the amount of data calculation and improves the efficiency of finite element analysis-based simulation of heater load.

[0015] (2) Preprocessing, simulation calculation and post-processing are performed in ABAQUS. The equipment is tested by simulation software, which eliminates the need to build a complex physical test platform, prepare a large number of physical materials and parts, and invest manpower in on-site testing operations, which greatly reduces the testing cost; it has the advantages of high efficiency, strong repeatability and high safety.

[0016] (3) The operating conditions of the heater are simplified into standard operating conditions and overload operating conditions; the load of the numerical model is set according to different operating conditions. The actual operating conditions of the heater are complex and diverse. If all of them are considered, the analysis process will be cumbersome and the amount of calculation will be huge. Simplifying it into standard operating conditions and overload operating conditions, focusing on evaluating the safety margin of the most critical normal operating conditions and the load-bearing capacity under extreme operating conditions, reduces unnecessary calculations and improves analysis efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the ABAQUS-based heater simulation method disclosed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heater bracket disclosed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the heater bracket disclosed in this invention; Figure 4This is the load distribution and mechanical cloud diagram of the first working condition disclosed in this invention; Figure 5 This invention discloses the load distribution and mechanical cloud diagram for the second working condition. Figure 6 This is the load distribution and mechanical cloud diagram of the third working condition disclosed in this invention; Figure 7 This is the load distribution and mechanical cloud diagram of the fourth working condition disclosed in this invention; Figure 8 This invention discloses the load distribution and mechanical cloud diagram for the fifth working condition. Figure 9 This is the load distribution and mechanical cloud diagram of the sixth working condition disclosed in this invention; Figure 10 This is the load distribution and mechanical cloud diagram of the seventh working condition disclosed in this invention; Figure 11 This is the load distribution and mechanical cloud diagram of the eighth working condition disclosed in this invention; Figure 12 This is the load distribution and mechanical cloud diagram of the ninth working condition disclosed in this invention; Figure 13 This is the load distribution and mechanical cloud diagram of the tenth working condition disclosed in this invention; Figure 14 This is a line graph of the maximum stress under different working conditions disclosed in this invention; Figure 15 This is a line graph of the maximum strain under different working conditions disclosed in this invention; Figure 16 This is a line graph showing the maximum spring force under different working conditions disclosed in this invention.

[0019] Explanation of key figure labels: 1. Main body; 11. Abutment; 12. Heating zone; 121. Zone 1; 122. Zone 2; 123. Zone 3; 124. Zone 4; 2. Columns. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In this invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0022] Furthermore, in addition to indicating direction or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in certain situations to indicate a dependency or connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 As shown, one embodiment of this application discloses a simulation method for a heater based on ABAQUS, including the following steps: Step 1: Determine the overall dimensions of the heater and simplify the main stress-bearing part of the heater to the heater support. Establish a geometric model of the heater support for simulation analysis. Step 2: Preprocess the geometric model of the heater support based on ABAQUS simulation software to obtain a numerical model; the preprocessing includes defining the working state of the heater as a standard working condition and an overload working condition, wherein the weight of the gas cylinder set in the standard working condition is less than the weight of the gas cylinder set in the overload working condition. Step 3: Use ABAQUS to perform simulation calculations on the numerical model to obtain the calculation results; Step 4: Post-process the calculation results to obtain the mechanical properties of the heater support. The mechanical properties include, but are not limited to, model deformation contour plots, MISES stress contour plots, and the forces acting on the rigid springs.

[0027] ABAQUS is a finite element analysis software widely used in engineering to simulate various complex physical phenomena. ABAQUS has significant advantages in handling material nonlinearity, geometric nonlinearity, and contact nonlinearity, and is suitable for simulating complex physical behaviors such as large deformation, plasticity, fracture, and contact friction.

[0028] Regarding the dimensions of the heater, this application specifies that the overall dimensions of the heater support include a total length of 1740mm, a width of 500mm, and a height of 1450mm. Of course, in other embodiments, the overall dimensions of the heater support can also be other values. The heater support, as the main body frame of the heater, bears the majority of the load. When establishing the numerical model, simplifying the heater to the heater support as the object of simulation analysis can maximize the simulation of the heater's stress conditions without establishing a complex model, reduce the amount of data calculation, and improve the efficiency of finite element analysis-based simulation of the heater support load.

[0029] Pre-processing, simulation calculations, and post-processing are all performed using ABAQUS. This eliminates the need for complex physical testing platforms, large quantities of physical materials and components, and manpower for on-site testing, significantly reducing testing costs. It also offers advantages such as high efficiency, strong repeatability, and high safety.

[0030] The actual operating conditions of heaters are complex and varied; considering all of them would make the analysis process cumbersome and computationally intensive. This approach simplifies the heater's operation by dividing it into standard and overload conditions, focusing on evaluating the safety margin of the most critical normal operating conditions and the load-bearing capacity under extreme conditions. This reduces unnecessary calculations and improves analysis efficiency. Under standard conditions, the weight of a single gas cylinder is set to 100 kg; under overload conditions, the weight of a single gas cylinder is set to 200 kg. Of course, in other implementations, the weight of a single gas cylinder under standard and overload conditions can be set to other values.

[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 3As shown, in some embodiments, the simplified geometric model of the heater support includes a main body 1 and a column 2. The main body 1 includes a heating zone 12 and a platform 11, and the column 2 is fixed to the platform 11. The main body 1 is assembled from stainless steel pipes by welding and bolting. When establishing the numerical model, the main stainless steel pipe has dimensions of 75mm × 45mm × 1.6mm (height × width × thickness), and the secondary stainless steel pipe has dimensions of 50mm × 50mm × 1.6mm (height × width × thickness). Of course, in other embodiments, the dimensions of the stainless steel pipes can also be other values. The column 2 is a simplified geometric model of the robotic arm on the heater to improve the efficiency of simulation. The heating zone 12 includes multiple sections for placing gas cylinders. In order from farthest to near the column 2, the sections include the first section 121, the second section 122, the third section 123, and the fourth section 124. This largely conforms to the construction form of a real heater. By further subdividing the heating zone 12 into multiple sections, the placement of the gas cylinder on the heater support can be accurately simulated, making the numerical model highly consistent with the actual physical structure, thus laying the foundation for subsequent accurate analysis of the stress on the heater support.

[0032] Different zones are set along the direction from farthest to near the column 2 to fully consider the influence of the gas cylinder position on the stress on the heater support. The mechanical effects of gas cylinders at different positions on the heater support are different. Gas cylinders closer to and farther from the column 2 have different stress, strain, and moment distribution on various parts of the heater and on the column 2 due to their weight. By sequentially setting up the first zone 121, the second zone 122, the third zone 123, and the fourth zone 124, the influence of different loads on the heater support when gas cylinders are placed in different zones can be accurately analyzed. This allows for a more accurate assessment of the stress on the heater support under different working conditions, and the detection of mechanical weaknesses in the heater support.

[0033] In some embodiments, step 2, the preprocessing includes: Step 2-1: Import the geometric model of the heater bracket into ABAQUS; Step 2-2: In ABAQUS, perform mesh generation on the heater support; Steps 2-3: In ABAQUS, define the material properties and basic mechanical parameters of the main body and the column of the heater bracket, and simulate them using an elastic-fully plastic bilinear model. Steps 2-4: In ABAQUS, add constraints and contacts to the motion characteristics of the heater bracket respectively.

[0034] The steps described above are not in any particular order.

[0035] The elastic-fully plastic bilinear model is a simplified constitutive model describing the stress-strain relationship of a material. It is often used to simulate materials that exhibit linear elastic behavior before yielding, but undergo plastic deformation once yielding is achieved, with stress remaining constant. Using this model to simulate a heater support accurately describes the material's mechanical behavior under stress. In the elastic stage, the material follows Hooke's law, with stress proportional to strain. This model accurately simulates the mechanical response in this stage, providing a reliable basis for analyzing the deformation and stress distribution of the support under small loads. When the stress exceeds the material's yield strength, the material enters the plastic deformation stage. This model assumes that stress remains constant while strain continues to increase, simulating the plastic deformation of the material.

[0036] Meshing a geometric model in ABAQUS discretizes a continuous geometric model into a finite number of elements. A well-designed mesh can better capture the geometric features of the structure and stress concentration areas. The mesh type and density can be flexibly selected based on different parts of the model and their stress characteristics. A denser mesh is used in areas of significant stress variation to improve computational accuracy, while a sparser mesh is used in areas of relatively stable stress to reduce computational load. This approach improves computational efficiency while maintaining accuracy, making the analysis process more efficient and feasible.

[0037] By adding constraints and contacts based on the motion characteristics of the numerical model, the boundary conditions of the heater support in actual use can be accurately simulated. For example, the connection between the pier 11 and the ground or other foundation structures can be simulated through appropriate constraints.

[0038] In some embodiments, during preprocessing, material properties and basic mechanical parameters are defined, with the main body 1 being made of stainless steel and the column 2 being made of structural steel. The elastic modulus of the main body 1 and the column 2 are set to 200 GPa, and the density is set to 7850 kg / m³. 3 The yield strength σ1 of stainless steel is set to 275 MPa, and the yield strength σ2 of structural steel is set to 235 MPa.

[0039] The main body 1 is set to be made of stainless steel, and the column 2 is set to be made of structural steel, which is based on the common material selection for actual heater supports. The elastic modulus of both the main body 1 and the column 2 are set to 200 GPa, and their density is set to 7850 kg / m³, which is consistent with the typical mechanical parameters of stainless steel and common structural steel. This allows the numerical model to more accurately simulate the elastic deformation and inertial response of the structure under load, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent analysis of the structure's deformation and dynamic behavior.

[0040] The yield strength σ1 of stainless steel was set at 275 MPa, and the yield strength σ2 of structural steel was set at 235 MPa, taking into account the differences in the inherent strength characteristics of the two materials. Yield strength is the critical stress at which a material begins to exhibit significant plastic deformation, and it is crucial in analyzing the load-bearing capacity of the heater support under different loads. By accurately setting the yield strength, the mechanical response of the main body 1 and column 2 when approaching or reaching the yield state can be clearly understood, thereby assessing the safety and reliability of the heater support under different operating conditions.

[0041] Setting fundamental mechanical parameters such as elastic modulus and density helps in accurately analyzing the deformation of the numerical model under load. In finite element analysis, these parameters are involved in calculating the elastic deformation and vibration characteristics of the structure. By setting these parameters appropriately, the elastic deformation of the heater support under gravity load after the gas cylinder is placed can be simulated, and the stiffness and stability of the heater support can be evaluated.

[0042] In some embodiments, the heater support further includes roller assemblies, which are disposed on the side of the main body 1 near the ground; the number of roller assemblies is set to 8, with 4 roller assemblies evenly distributed on the side of the heating zone 12 and the pier 11 near the ground. In the numerical model, rigid spring units are used to simulate the roller assemblies instead of the roller assemblies. The rigid spring units are subjected to vertical pressure F0, and the boundary conditions of the roller assemblies are set to constrain the translational degrees of freedom of the rigid spring units.

[0043] When the heater needs to be moved, installing a roller assembly at the bottom of the heater improves its mobility. The roller assembly, located at the bottom of the heater support, bears all the loads from the support; therefore, it is necessary to simulate the stress on the roller assembly when performing finite element simulation of the heater support.

[0044] Eight roller assemblies are installed on the ground-facing side of the heater support body 1. Specifically, four roller assemblies are evenly distributed on the ground-facing sides of both the heating zone 12 and the pier 11. This arrangement accurately reflects the actual heater support structure. By representing the distribution of the roller assemblies in the numerical model, the model can more accurately reflect the real structure of the heater support, making subsequent mechanical analysis more consistent with reality.

[0045] A roller assembly typically includes rollers for the heater to roll into contact with the ground and connecting components between the rollers and the heater. A rigid spring unit is used instead of the roller assembly for simulation because it can better simulate the vertical force characteristics of the roller assembly. When the heater support bears the weight from gas cylinders, the roller assembly experiences vertical pressure, which the rigid spring unit can simulate by setting a vertical pressure F0. The characteristics of the spring allow it to reflect the elastic deformation and force transmission process of the roller assembly under stress, thus enabling a more accurate analysis of the roller assembly's impact on the overall stress distribution of the support.

[0046] Roller assemblies inherently possess specific geometric shapes and complex mechanical behaviors. Detailed modeling of these assemblies would increase the complexity of the numerical model, consuming significant computational resources and time. Replacing roller assemblies with rigid spring elements greatly simplifies the model construction process. Only the position, connection method, and force parameters of the spring elements need to be defined, eliminating the need to consider the detailed geometry and internal structure of the roller assembly, thus reducing the difficulty and workload of modeling.

[0047] By setting a vertical pressure F0 on the rigid spring unit, the supporting role of the roller assembly in the heater support can be easily analyzed. Observing the stress, strain, and deformation distribution of the model under vertical pressure allows us to understand the contribution of the roller assembly to the overall structural stability of the support.

[0048] In some embodiments, another aspect discloses a heater that undergoes mechanical testing using the aforementioned ABAQUS-based heater simulation method. Each section of the heater has two workstations for placing gas cylinders, and the workstations are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the heater.

[0049] By employing finite element analysis simulation, and at a relatively low testing cost, the stress conditions of various parts of the heating support under different operating conditions can be accurately simulated. This allows for understanding the impact of placing gas cylinders in different zones on the stress on the heating support. Consequently, the safe load-bearing capacity of the heater under various operating conditions can be determined, potential safety issues can be identified in advance, and weak points in the heater can be reinforced to improve its safety.

[0050] In some embodiments, in step 3, the gravity load of the gas cylinder on the main body 1 is simplified to a uniformly distributed load q, which is applied to the main body 1. A vertical axial force F and a bending moment W are applied to the top of the column 2. Both the uniformly distributed load q and the vertical axial force F point towards the direction of the main body 1 closest to the ground.

[0051] The gravity load of the gas cylinders on the main body 1 is simplified into a uniformly distributed line load q, avoiding the direct simulation of the complex spatial distribution and interaction of each gas cylinder, thus greatly simplifying the load application process of the numerical model. For a heater support with multiple placement sections, each section may hold multiple gas cylinders. Directly considering the individual load of each gas cylinder would make the model extremely complex. The simplification method of uniformly distributed line load can significantly reduce the amount of calculation and improve the analysis efficiency while ensuring a certain level of calculation accuracy. In reality, the gas cylinders placed on various sections of the main body 1 will exert a relatively uniform downward vertical force on the main body 1. The uniformly distributed line load can approximately reflect this force situation, thereby accurately analyzing the stress, strain, and deformation distribution of the main body 1 under uniform load.

[0052] Simplifying the load on column 2 into a vertical axial force F and a bending moment W acting on its top allows the analysis to focus on the critical stress points of column 2. The vertical axial force and bending moment at the top of column 2 are key factors affecting its mechanical properties. This approach allows for a direct study of column 2's response under the main loads, avoiding the complex details of load transfer from each gas cylinder on column 2. This makes the analysis more targeted and improves the efficiency and accuracy of the finite element analysis.

[0053] In some embodiments, static loading analysis is used when setting the load on the numerical model. Under standard conditions, the uniform wiring load is set to q1 = 1.8 N / mm; under overload conditions, the uniform wiring load is set to q2 = 3.6 N / mm.

[0054] Static loading analysis assumes the structure is in equilibrium during loading, neglecting the influence of dynamic factors such as inertial forces, acceleration, and vibration. This simplifies the simulation process, reduces computational complexity, and allows for rapid acquisition of the mechanical response of the numerical model under static loads. The mechanical response primarily manifests as stress, strain, and displacement data. For equipment like heaters, which typically operate under static loads, static loading analysis is sufficient to assess their basic mechanical properties, avoiding complex dynamic analysis processes.

[0055] Under standard operating conditions, the uniform line load q1 is set to 1.8 N / mm, representing the load on the heater support during normal use, i.e., the load borne by the heater support when a normal weight gas cylinder is placed on it. This setting allows for analysis of the mechanical properties of the heater support during daily use, assessment of its ability to meet normal operating requirements, and ensures the safety and reliability of the heater under normal operating conditions.

[0056] Under overload conditions, a uniform line load q2 = 3.6 N / mm was set to account for possible extreme situations, such as gas cylinder overload or accidental loading. This setting can simulate the mechanical response of the heating support when subjected to loads exceeding the normal load, evaluate the load-bearing capacity and safety of the heater support under extreme conditions, and prevent structural damage to the heater due to accidental overload during actual use.

[0057] By comparing the analysis results under standard operating conditions and overload conditions, the safety margin of the heater support can be assessed. Under standard operating conditions, the heater support should function normally, and stress, strain, and other indicators should be within safe ranges. Under overload conditions, although the heater support may bear a greater load, analysis can reveal the performance changes of the heater support when approaching or exceeding its design limits, determining whether the heater support has sufficient safety reserves to cope with extreme situations. If the analysis results under overload conditions show that the heater support still maintains a certain level of safety, it indicates that the heater support has a high safety margin; otherwise, it is necessary to optimize the material selection or structure of the heater support to improve its load-bearing capacity.

[0058] In some embodiments, the standard operating conditions include a first operating condition, a second operating condition, a third operating condition, a fourth operating condition, and a fifth operating condition. In the first operating condition, the column 2 does not lift the gas cylinder, and the vertical load of the column 2 is set to F1=0 N, and the bending moment is M1=0 N·mm. In the second to fifth operating conditions, the vertical load of the column 2 is set to F2=980 N. In the second operating condition, the column 2 lifts the gas cylinder in the first zone 121, and the bending moment is set to M2=1298500 N·mm. In the third operating condition, the column 2 lifts the gas cylinder in the second zone 122, and the bending moment is set to M3=1033900 N·mm. In the fourth operating condition, the column 2 lifts the gas cylinder in the third zone 123, and the bending moment is set to M4=769300 N·mm. In the fifth operating condition, the column 2 lifts the gas cylinder in the fourth zone 124, and the bending moment is set to M5=504700 N·mm.

[0059] The standard operating conditions are subdivided into 5 different operating conditions. This precisely corresponds to the various operating conditions of the heater bracket under the standard operating conditions.

[0060] The first working condition is set with vertical load F1=0N and bending moment M1=0N. mm represents the simulated standard working condition, where column 2 is not carrying the gas cylinder. This corresponds to the situation where column 2 is idle, considering only the stress situation of the main body 1 under the online load q1 = 1.8 N / mm in the numerical model.

[0061] The second to fifth working conditions simulate the actual working state of column 2 hoisting gas cylinders, requiring comprehensive consideration of the line load q1 = 1.8 N / mm received by the main body 1 and the stress situation of column 2 when hoisting the gas cylinders. The vertical load F2 = 980 N is set for column 2 in the second to fifth working conditions. The second to fifth working conditions correspond to column 2 hoisting gas cylinders from zone 121 to zone 124, respectively. By setting different bending moment values, the influence of the gas cylinder hoisting position on the stress on column 2 is accurately considered. Because the distance between the gas cylinder and column 2 varies, different bending moments are generated. This detailed simulation accurately simulates the mechanical response of column 2 under different hoisting positions, providing more detailed data for analyzing the stress performance of column 2.

[0062] The standard working condition is subdivided into different sub-working conditions, each with clearly defined load settings, avoiding the difficulties of analyzing a complex combined working condition. This allows for independent analysis of each sub-working condition, simplifying the analysis process, reducing computational load, and improving analysis efficiency.

[0063] Please see Figures 4 to 8 As shown, under standard operating conditions, each gas cylinder weighs 100 kg. Two gas cylinders are placed in each of the first (121) to fourth (124) sections of the heater support, resulting in a total gas cylinder load of 800 kg for the heater support. The linear load q1 of the main body 1 is set to 1.8 N / mm. The load distribution and mechanical contour maps of the numerical model are shown sequentially for the first to fifth operating conditions. These mechanical contour maps include model deformation contour maps, stress contour maps, and rigid spring force contour maps.

[0064] Please see Figure 4 As shown, in the first working condition, column 2 is not lifting the gas cylinder. At this time, the vertical load on column 2 is F1=0 N, and the bending moment is M1=0 N·mm. From the mechanical cloud diagram, it can be seen that after simulation calculation, the maximum deformation area of ​​the heater support is located in the middle of the heating zone 12, the deformation deflection is 0.18 mm, the maximum stress is 21.7 MPa, and the maximum force on the rigid spring is 2.4 KN.

[0065] Please see Figures 5 to 8 As shown, during the second to fifth working conditions, column 2 lifts gas cylinders in different sections. At this time, the vertical load of column 2 is F2=980 N.

[0066] Please see Figure 5 As shown in the mechanical cloud diagram of the second working condition, after simulation calculation, the maximum deformation area of ​​the heater support is located at the edge of the pier 11, with a deformation deflection of 0.29 mm, a maximum stress of 31.7 MPa, and a maximum force of 3.0 KN on the rigid spring.

[0067] Please see Figure 6As shown in the mechanical cloud diagram of the third working condition, after simulation calculation, the maximum deformation area of ​​the heater support is located at the edge of the pier 11, the deformation deflection is 0.21mm, the maximum stress is 26.0MPa, and the maximum force of the rigid spring is 3.0KN.

[0068] Please see Figure 7 As shown in the mechanical cloud diagram of the fourth working condition, after simulation calculation, the maximum deformation area of ​​the heater support is located in the middle of the heating zone 12, the deformation deflection is 0.16mm, the maximum stress is 20.4MPa, and the maximum force of the rigid spring is 2.8KN.

[0069] Please see Figure 8 As shown in the mechanical cloud diagram of the fifth working condition, after simulation calculation, the maximum deformation area of ​​the heater support is located in the middle of the heating zone 12, the deformation deflection is 0.17mm, the maximum stress is 20.7MPa, and the maximum force of the rigid spring is 2.8KN.

[0070] In some embodiments, the overload conditions include a sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth condition. In the sixth condition, column 2 does not lift any gas cylinders, and the vertical load on column 2 is set to F3 = 0 N, with a bending moment of M6 = 0 N·mm. From the seventh to the tenth condition, the vertical load on column 2 is set to F4 = 1960 N. In the seventh condition, column 2 lifts the gas cylinder in zone 121, with a bending moment of M7 = 2597000 N·mm. In the eighth condition, column 2 lifts the gas cylinder in zone 122, with a bending moment of M8 = 2067800 N·mm. In the ninth condition, column 2 lifts the gas cylinder in zone 123, with a bending moment of M9 = 1538600 N·mm. In the tenth condition, column 2 lifts the gas cylinder in zone 124, with a bending moment of M... 10 =1009400 N·mm.

[0071] The sixth working condition is set with vertical load F3=0N and bending moment M6=0N. mm represents the simulated overload condition where column 2 is not carrying the gas cylinder. Only the stress on the main body 1 under the online load q1 = 3.6 N / mm in the numerical model is considered.

[0072] The seventh to tenth working conditions simulate the actual working state of column 2 hoisting gas cylinders under overload conditions. This requires comprehensive consideration of the line load q1 = 3.6 N / mm received by the main body 1 and the stress situation of column 2 when hoisting the gas cylinders. The seventh to tenth working conditions correspond to the overload conditions, with column 2 hoisting gas cylinders from zone 121 to zone 124, and different bending moment values ​​are set. This considers the influence of the gas cylinder hoisting position on the stress on column 2 under overload conditions, because gas cylinders in different positions will cause column 2 to bend and torsion to varying degrees under overload. By subdividing the working conditions, the stress situation of column 2 at each position can be accurately analyzed, providing a basis for the safety assessment of the heating support under extreme hoisting conditions.

[0073] Please see Figures 9 to 13 As shown, under overload conditions, each gas cylinder weighs 200 kg. Two gas cylinders are placed in each of the first (121) to fourth (124) sections of the heater support, resulting in a total gas cylinder weight of 1600 kg for the heater support. The linear load q1 of the main body 1 is set to 1.8 N / mm. The load distribution and mechanical contour maps of the numerical model are shown sequentially for the sixth to tenth load conditions. These mechanical contour maps include model deformation contour maps, stress contour maps, and rigid spring force contour maps.

[0074] Please see Figure 9 As shown, in the sixth operating condition, column 2 is not lifting the gas cylinder. At this time, the vertical load on column 2 is F3=0 N, and the bending moment is M6=0 N·mm. From the mechanical cloud diagram, it can be seen that after simulation calculation, the maximum deformation area of ​​the heater support is located in the middle of heating zone 12, with a deflection of 0.35 mm, a maximum stress of 40.7 MPa, and a maximum force on the rigid spring of 4.4 kN.

[0075] Please see Figures 10 to 13 As shown, during the seventh to tenth working conditions, column 2 lifts gas cylinders in different sections. At this time, the vertical load of column 2 is F4 = 1960 N.

[0076] Please see Figure 10 As shown in the mechanical cloud diagram of the seventh working condition, after simulation calculation, the maximum deformation area of ​​the heater support is located at the edge of the pier 11, with a deformation deflection of 0.61 mm, a maximum stress of 63.2 MPa, and a maximum force of 5.5 KN on the rigid spring.

[0077] Please see Figure 11 As shown in the mechanical cloud diagram of the eighth working condition, after simulation calculation, the maximum deformation area of ​​the heater support is located at the edge of the pier 11, with a deformation deflection of 0.45 mm, a maximum stress of 51.8 MPa, and a maximum force of 5.4 KN on the rigid spring.

[0078] Please see Figure 12As shown in the mechanical cloud diagram of the ninth working condition, after simulation calculation, the maximum deformation area of ​​the heater support is located in the middle of the heating zone 12, the deformation deflection is 0.30mm, the maximum stress is 40.5MPa, and the maximum force of the rigid spring is 5.2KN.

[0079] Please see Figure 13 As shown in the mechanical cloud diagram of the tenth working condition, after simulation calculation, the maximum deformation area of ​​the heater support is located in the middle of the heating zone 12, the deformation deflection is 0.33mm, the maximum stress is 38.8MPa, and the maximum force of the rigid spring is 5.1KN.

[0080] Please see Figures 14 to 16 As shown, in the ten different operating conditions calculated, the heater support exhibits the highest maximum stress value of 63.2 MPa in the seventh operating condition, reaching 23% of the yield strength of stainless steel, and also exhibiting the highest deformation deflection of 0.61 mm. The rigid spring also experiences its maximum pressure of 5.1 kN under the seventh operating condition. Under all ten operating conditions, the areas of greatest deformation are mainly distributed in the middle of heating zone 12 and at the edge of pier 11. In the first and sixth operating conditions when the gas cylinder is not hoisted on column 2, the maximum stress is distributed at the connection between pier 11 and heating zone 12; in the second to fifth operating conditions and the seventh to tenth operating conditions when the gas cylinder is hoisted on column 2, the maximum stress is distributed at the connection between column 2 and pier 11.

[0081] In another aspect, this invention discloses a heater for heating gas cylinders to prevent frost formation during gas release. The heater undergoes mechanical testing using the aforementioned ABAQUS-based heater simulation method. Each section of the heater has two stations for placing gas cylinders; the stations are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the heater.

[0082] The heater comprises a main body, a robotic arm, and plate components. The main body includes the aforementioned heating zone and a platform. The robotic arm includes a column, a cantilever, and a drive unit. The lower end of the column is mounted on the platform. The cantilever is rotatably connected to the upper end of the column. The drive unit is mounted on the column and is drively connected to the cantilever; the drive unit drives the cantilever to rotate relative to the column, allowing the cantilever to lift the gas cylinder. The plate components are plate-shaped; one portion of the plate component surrounds the outer periphery of the heating zone, and another portion surrounds the outer periphery of the platform.

[0083] The heater may also include electrical components, such as electronic control components and resistance wires, which raise the temperature of the resistance wires through the Joule effect and use the heat from the resistance wires to heat the bottom of the gas cylinder in the heating zone.

[0084] It should be noted that in the heater, the main body is the primary load-bearing component, while the plate-shaped parts do not participate in the load-bearing process or their load is negligible. Therefore, the plate-shaped parts are omitted in the simplified heater support used for simulation. Secondly, in the simulation, the robotic arm is simplified as a column, with a vertical axial force F and a bending moment W set at the top of the column. Specifically, when the robotic arm lifts the gas cylinder, the column needs to be equipped with a vertical axial force F and a bending moment W to simulate and calculate the mechanical performance of the robotic arm when lifting the gas cylinder.

[0085] The technical means disclosed in this invention are not limited to those disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A simulation method for heaters based on ABAQUS, characterized in that, The heater is used to heat the gas cylinder to prevent frost formation during gas release. The simulation method for the heater based on ABAQUS includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the overall dimensions of the heater and simplify the main stress-bearing part of the heater to the heater support. Establish a geometric model of the heater support for simulation analysis. Step 2: Preprocess the geometric model of the heater support based on ABAQUS simulation software to obtain a numerical model; the preprocessing includes defining the working state of the heater as a standard working condition and an overload working condition, wherein the weight of the gas cylinder set in the standard working condition is less than the weight of the gas cylinder set in the overload working condition. Step 3: Use ABAQUS to perform simulation calculations on the numerical model to obtain the calculation results; Step 4: Post-process the calculation results to obtain the mechanical properties of the heater bracket.

2. The simulation method for heaters based on ABAQUS according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the geometric model of the heater support includes a main body and a column. The main body includes a heating zone and a platform. The column is fixed to the platform. The heating zone includes multiple sections for placing the gas cylinder. The sections are arranged in order from farthest to near the column, and are sequentially divided into a first section, a second section, a third section, and a fourth section.

3. The simulation method for heaters based on ABAQUS according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the preprocessing includes: Step 2-1: Import the geometric model of the heater bracket into ABAQUS; Step 2-2: In ABAQUS, perform mesh generation on the heater support; Steps 2-3: In ABAQUS, define the material properties and basic mechanical parameters of the main body and the column of the heater bracket, and simulate them using an elastic-fully plastic bilinear model. Steps 2-4: In ABAQUS, add constraints and contacts to the motion characteristics of the heater bracket respectively.

4. The simulation method for heaters based on ABAQUS according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2-2, the material of the main body is set to stainless steel, and the material of the column is structural steel; the elastic modulus of the main body and the column are set to 200 GPa, and the density is set to 7850 kg / m³. 3 The yield strength σ1 of stainless steel is set to 275 MPa, and the yield strength σ2 of structural steel is set to 235 MPa.

5. The simulation method for heaters based on ABAQUS according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the gravity load of the gas cylinder on the main body is simplified to a uniformly distributed load q, which is applied to the main body; the vertical axial force F and bending moment W of the column are applied to the top of the column; wherein the uniformly distributed load q and the vertical axial force F both point towards the direction of the main body closer to the ground.

6. The simulation method for heaters based on ABAQUS according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 2, the heater support is subjected to static loading analysis; under standard operating conditions, the uniform wiring load is set to q1 = 1.8 N / mm; under overload conditions, the uniform wiring load is set to q2 = 3.6 N / mm.

7. The simulation method for heaters based on ABAQUS according to claim 6, characterized in that: The standard operating conditions include the first operating condition, the second operating condition, the third operating condition, the fourth operating condition, and the fifth operating condition; For the first working condition, it is set that the column does not lift the gas cylinder, and the vertical load of the column is set to F1=0N, and the bending moment is set to M1=0N·mm; For the second to the fifth working conditions, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder, and the vertical load of the column is set to F2=980N. In the second working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the first area, and the bending moment is set to M2=1298500N·mm; In the third working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the second zone, and the bending moment is set to M3 = 1033900 N·mm; In the fourth working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the third zone, and the bending moment is set to M4 = 769300 N·mm; In the fifth working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the fourth zone, and the bending moment is set to M5 = 504700 N·mm.

8. The simulation method for heaters based on ABAQUS according to claim 6, characterized in that: The overload conditions include the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth conditions; For the sixth working condition, it is set that the column does not lift the gas cylinder, and the vertical load of the column is set to F3=0N, and the bending moment is M6=0N·mm; For the seventh to tenth working conditions, the vertical load on the column is set to F4 = 1960 N; In the seventh working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the first area, and the bending moment is set to M7 = 2597000 N·mm; In the eighth working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the second zone, and the bending moment is set to M8 = 2067800 N·mm; In the ninth working condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the third zone, and the bending moment is set to M9 = 1538600 N·mm; In the tenth operating condition, the column is set to lift the gas cylinder in the fourth zone, and the bending moment is set to M. 10 =1009400N·mm.

9. The simulation method for a heater based on ABAQUS according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that: In step 2, the heater support also includes roller assemblies, which are located on the side of the main body near the ground. The number of roller assemblies is set to 8, with 4 roller assemblies evenly distributed on the heating zone and the side of the platform near the ground. In the numerical model, rigid spring units are used to simulate the roller assemblies instead of the roller assemblies. The rigid spring units are subjected to vertical pressure F0, and the boundary conditions of the roller assemblies are set to constrain the translational degrees of freedom of the rigid spring units.

10. A heater, subjected to mechanical testing using the ABAQUS-based heater simulation method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Each section of the heater is provided with two workstations for placing the gas cylinders; the workstations are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the heater.

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