Solid hydrogen storage fuel cell cold start system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold start system for a solid hydrogen storage fuel cell. The cold start system comprises a hydrogen adding machine, a solid hydrogen storage device, a fuel cell system and a solid hydrogen storage accessory, the solid hydrogen storage device is formed by connecting a solid hydrogen storage module and a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group in series, and a one-way valve is arranged between the two to prevent hydrogen backflow. When the system is in low-temperature cold start, firstly, medium-pressure hydrogen stored in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group is decompressed by the pressure reducing valve and then is supplied to the fuel cell system for starting, so that the stack generates heat within a short time; and then, the heat is transmitted to the solid hydrogen storage module through a pipeline, the solid hydrogen storage module is heated to promote hydrogen release, the hydrogen is supplemented to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group through a one-way valve, and circulation linkage of hydrogen storage and hydrogen release is achieved. Through heat feedback heating of the solid hydrogen storage module, quick starting and stable hydrogen release in a low-temperature environment are realized, and the problems that hydrogen release of traditional solid hydrogen storage is delayed and a fuel cell cannot be started under a low-temperature condition are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and specifically to a cold start system and method for solid hydrogen storage fuel cells. Background Technology

[0002] Solid-state hydrogen storage, as an energy storage device in fuel cell systems, requires an external heat source to heat the stored hydrogen before it can release hydrogen. During normal operation, the heat dissipated by the fuel cell is sufficient for the solid-state hydrogen to release hydrogen. However, in low-temperature environments, the fuel cell requires hydrogen to start, but the solid-state hydrogen lacks a heat source, and the low temperature prevents further hydrogen release.

[0003] In most existing technologies, solid hydrogen storage systems are heated by a PTC heater. After a period of heating, the solid hydrogen storage system can release hydrogen gas and then start the fuel cell system. Starting the fuel cell system in a low-temperature environment requires a lot of waiting time, and the PTC heating also consumes additional electrical energy, resulting in low energy efficiency.

[0004] Some systems use parallel medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank groups, with control valves on each parallel branch. Using multiple control valves is not conducive to the high integration of solid-state hydrogen storage modules and makes control more complex, which is not conducive to cost reduction of solid-state hydrogen storage systems.

[0005] In view of the above, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention designs a cold start system and method for solid hydrogen storage fuel cells, which solves the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical objective of this invention is to provide a cold start system and method for solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cells, so as to solve the problem that the fuel cells cannot start smoothly due to the low hydrogen release efficiency of solid-state hydrogen storage under low temperature conditions.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention provides a cold start system for a solid hydrogen storage fuel cell, comprising a hydrogen refueling machine, a solid hydrogen storage device, a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group, a one-way valve, solid hydrogen storage accessories, and a fuel cell system; wherein, the hydrogen refueling machine is used to refuel with hydrogen and provide a cooling medium.

[0008] The solid-state hydrogen storage device includes a solid-state hydrogen storage module, a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group, and a one-way valve. The solid-state hydrogen storage module is connected to a hydrogen dispenser and is used to absorb the heat released by hydrogen from the hydrogen dispenser for hydrogen storage, and to release hydrogen through heating. The medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group is connected in series with the solid-state hydrogen storage module. The one-way valve is located between the solid-state hydrogen storage module and the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group and is used to allow hydrogen to flow in one direction based on the pressure difference between the two ends. The solid hydrogen storage auxiliary components include a solenoid valve and a pressure reducing valve. The solenoid valve is used to control the opening and closing of the hydrogen passage. The pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of hydrogen in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group and release it into the fuel cell system. Specifically, the pressure reducing valve can reduce the pressure of hydrogen released from the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group to be equivalent to the pressure of hydrogen released from the solid hydrogen storage module. The fuel cell system is connected to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group through the solid hydrogen storage auxiliary component, and is used to receive depressurized hydrogen and generate electricity and heat. During cold start, the hydrogen in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve and then supplied to the fuel cell system for startup. The heat generated by the fuel cell system after startup heats the solid hydrogen storage module through the pipeline, so that the hydrogen released by the solid hydrogen storage module replenishes the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank through the one-way valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the solid-state hydrogen storage auxiliary component also includes a cooling circulation pipe and a heat exchange circulation pipe. The cooling circulation pipe is connected to the hydrogen refueling machine and the solid-state hydrogen storage module respectively, and is used for the circulation of cooling medium. The heat exchange circulation pipe is connected to the fuel cell system and the solid-state hydrogen storage module respectively, and is used for the circulation of heat.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling circulation pipeline includes a cooling pipe and a cooling exchange pipe, and the heat exchange circulation pipeline includes a heating pipe and a heat exchange pipe; the cooling pipe and the heating pipe are connected in parallel and then connected to the solid hydrogen storage module through a medium inlet connector; the cooling pipe and the heat exchange pipe are connected in parallel and then connected to the solid hydrogen storage module through a medium outlet connector.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling pipe is connected to the hydrogen dispenser via a coolant inlet connector; the cooling exchange pipe is connected to the hydrogen dispenser via a coolant outlet connector.

[0012] It is worth noting that when the fuel cell system stops working, the water pump inside the fuel cell system supplies the waste heat to the solid hydrogen storage module through the heating pipe, so that the solid hydrogen storage module continuously releases hydrogen and fills the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank with medium-pressure hydrogen through the one-way valve for the next cold start of the fuel cell system.

[0013] Preferably, the medium-pressure hydrogen gas is 2.0 MPa-3.5 MPa.

[0014] Preferably, the hydrogen refueling machine is equipped with an ion filter, which is connected to the cooling circulation pipeline for controlling the ion concentration of the cooling medium during the hydrogen refueling process.

[0015] The present invention also provides a cold start method based on the above-described system, comprising the following steps: Hydrogen is added to the solid hydrogen storage device using a hydrogen dispenser. The solid hydrogen storage module adsorbs hydrogen and releases heat. The hydrogen refueling unit removes the heat generated by the solid hydrogen storage module through a cooling circulation pipeline; Hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage module is charged into the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group through a one-way valve; After hydrogen refueling is complete, disconnect the coolant connection and hydrogen connection between the hydrogen dispenser and the solid hydrogen storage device; When the solenoid valve is opened, the medium-pressure hydrogen in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group enters the fuel cell system after being depressurized by the pressure reducing valve. The fuel cell system consumes hydrogen to heat up the stack and complete the initial startup. The heat generated after the fuel cell system is started heats the solid hydrogen storage module through a heat exchange circulation pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage module is charged into the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group via a one-way valve, including: When the hydrogen pressure released by the solid-state hydrogen storage module is greater than the hydrogen pressure in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group, the solid-state hydrogen storage module fills the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group with medium-pressure hydrogen through a one-way valve. The medium-pressure hydrogen is 2.0MPa-3.5MPa.

[0017] Furthermore, the heat generated after the fuel cell system starts up heats the solid hydrogen storage module through a heat exchange circulation pipe, including: When the fuel cell system stops working, the internal fan of the fuel cell system stops working, but the water pump continues to run, supplying the waste heat of the fuel cell system to the solid hydrogen storage module through the heat exchange circulation pipeline; The solid-state hydrogen storage module continuously releases hydrogen using the waste heat from the fuel cell system. The hydrogen is then charged into the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank via a one-way valve until the hydrogen stored in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank meets the requirements for the next cryogenic cold start. The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cell cold start system of the present invention achieves rapid cold start of the fuel cell in low-temperature environments by arranging a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group and a solid-state hydrogen storage module in series and using the heat generated by the fuel cell system to provide heat feedback heating to the solid-state hydrogen storage module. In the initial stage of startup, the system uses hydrogen from the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group to provide initial hydrogen supply to the fuel cell, ensuring rapid ignition and heat generation. Subsequently, the heat generated by the fuel cell is transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through a heat exchange circulation pipeline, allowing the adsorbed hydrogen to be fully released and replenished to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group via a one-way valve, forming a positive feedback heat cycle of "self-heating – hydrogen release – re-supply of hydrogen". This effectively solves the problems of low hydrogen release efficiency of solid-state hydrogen storage and inability to successfully cold start the fuel cell under low-temperature conditions, significantly improving the reliability and response speed of the system during low-temperature startup.

[0018] 2. This invention, by incorporating cooling and heating circulation pipes within a solid-state hydrogen storage device and employing a parallel structure of cooling / heating pipes and heating / heating pipes, enables efficient switching and circulation of the cooling and heating media within the same module. Before cold start, the cooling medium from the hydrogen refueling unit is used to cool the solid-state hydrogen storage module, ensuring stable thermal management during hydrogen storage. After fuel cell startup, residual heat is used for heating via the heat exchange pipes, thus achieving bidirectional temperature control for both hydrogen storage and release without replacing the piping.

[0019] 3. When the fuel cell system stops operating, the water pump in the system continuously drives the waste heat through the heating pipe into the solid-state hydrogen storage module, causing it to continue releasing hydrogen and automatically replenishing the hydrogen source for the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank, maintaining the hydrogen pressure inside the tank between 2.0-3.5 MPa, and pre-charging sufficient medium-pressure hydrogen reserves for the next cold start. In conjunction with the ion filter of the hydrogen dispenser, the ion concentration of the cooling medium is controlled to prevent scaling or electrochemical corrosion of the cooling pipes, ensuring long-term heat exchange efficiency and system stability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] The above and other aspects of the invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation relationship between the solid hydrogen storage device and the fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Hydrogen refueling machine; 11. Ion filter; 2. Solid-state hydrogen storage device; 21. Solid-state hydrogen storage module; 22. Medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group; 23. Check valve; 3. Solid-state hydrogen storage accessories; 31. Solenoid valve; 32. Pressure reducing valve; 4. Fuel cell system; 5. Cooling circulation pipeline; 51. Cooling pipe; 52. Cooling pipe; 53. Coolant inlet connector; 54. Coolant outlet connector; 6. Heat exchange circulation pipeline; 61. Heating pipe; 62. Heat exchange pipe; 7. Medium inlet connector; 8. Medium outlet connector. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0024] Example 1: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a cold start system for a solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cell, including a hydrogen refueling unit 1, a solid-state hydrogen storage device 2, solid-state hydrogen storage accessories 3, and a fuel cell system 4. The hydrogen refueling unit 1 is used to refuel the system with hydrogen and provide a cooling medium; its output is connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage module 21 and a cooling circuit. The solid-state hydrogen storage device 2 includes a solid-state hydrogen storage module 21 and a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank assembly 22. The solid-state hydrogen storage module 21 is connected to the hydrogen refueling unit 1 and is used to adsorb the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen refueling unit 1, releasing heat during the adsorption process, and simultaneously releasing the stored hydrogen under heating conditions.

[0025] In this embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage module 21 is filled with a hydrogen storage alloy material, with an operating temperature range of −20℃ to 80℃ and a hydrogen storage pressure range of 0.1MPa to 3.5MPa. A medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group 22 is connected in series with the solid-state hydrogen storage module 21 to store medium-pressure hydrogen during system operation. A one-way valve 23 is installed between the two, with an opening pressure set at 0.05MPa to prevent hydrogen from flowing back from the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group 22 to the solid-state hydrogen storage module 21.

[0026] The solid-state hydrogen storage auxiliary component 3 includes a solenoid valve 31 and a pressure reducing valve 32. The solenoid valve 31 controls the opening and closing of the hydrogen passage, and the pressure reducing valve 32 reduces the pressure of the hydrogen released from the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group 22 to a pressure equivalent to the hydrogen released from the solid-state hydrogen storage module 21, with a pressure reduction range of 0.1 MPa to 0.3 MPa. The fuel cell system 4 is connected to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group 22 through the aforementioned solid-state hydrogen storage auxiliary component 3, and is used to receive the reduced-pressure hydrogen and generate electricity and heat.

[0027] During a low-temperature cold start, the hydrogen stored in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank 22 is depressurized and first supplied to the fuel cell system 4 for startup. The heat generated by the fuel cell system 4 after startup is transferred back to the solid-state hydrogen storage module 21 via a heat conduction pipeline, raising its temperature and causing the hydrogen storage material to release hydrogen. The released hydrogen is then replenished to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank 22 via a one-way valve 23, achieving rapid self-heating startup and continuous hydrogen supply under low-temperature conditions. In this embodiment, the system achieves efficient hydrogen release from solid-state hydrogen storage under low-temperature conditions through a series hydrogen storage structure and thermal feedback control, ensuring the reliability of fuel cell cold starts.

[0028] Example 2: like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment further optimizes upon embodiment one by adding a cooling circulation pipe 5 and a heat exchange circulation pipe 6 to the solid-state hydrogen storage device 2, forming a dual-circulation system that can switch between hydrogen storage and hydrogen release conditions. The cooling circulation pipe 5 is connected to the hydrogen dispenser 1 and the solid-state hydrogen storage module 21, respectively, and is used for the circulation of the cooling medium during the hydrogen dispensing process. The cooling medium is an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol, which is used to remove the heat released when the solid-state hydrogen storage module 21 adsorbs hydrogen, preventing the hydrogen storage material from overheating and affecting the hydrogen absorption efficiency.

[0029] In this embodiment, the heat exchange circulation pipe 6 connects the fuel cell system 4 and the solid hydrogen storage module 21 respectively, and is used to realize heat circulation during the operation of the fuel cell, promoting rapid heating and efficient hydrogen release of the solid hydrogen storage module 21. The cooling circulation pipe 5 includes a cooling pipe 51 and a cooling pipe 52, and the heat exchange circulation pipe 6 includes a heating pipe 61 and a heat exchange pipe 62. The cooling pipe 51 and the heating pipe 61 are connected in parallel and then connected to the solid hydrogen storage module 21 through the medium inlet connector 7. The cooling pipe 52 and the heat exchange pipe 62 are connected in parallel and then connected to the solid hydrogen storage module 21 through the medium outlet connector 8. Coolant inlet connector 53 and coolant outlet connector 54 are respectively provided at the connection points between the cooling pipe 51 and the cooling pipe 52 and the hydrogen refueling machine 1 to ensure the flow and control accuracy of the cooling circuit. The hydrogen refueling machine 1 and the solid hydrogen storage module 21 are connected by a quick connector to facilitate quick assembly and disassembly of the hydrogen refueling and heat exchange modules.

[0030] After the fuel cell system 4 stops operating, its internal water pump continues to run, transferring the system's waste heat to the solid-state hydrogen storage module 21 via the heating pipe 61. This causes the module to continuously release hydrogen, which is then replenished to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group 22 through the one-way valve 23, maintaining the hydrogen pressure inside the tank between 2.0 MPa and 3.5 MPa, thus providing a hydrogen source reserve for the next cold start. An ion filter 11 is installed on the hydrogen refueling machine 1, connected to the cooling circulation pipe 5. This filter controls the ion concentration of the cooling medium, preventing scaling and electrochemical corrosion in the heat exchange circuit while ensuring the orderly conduction of the fuel cell's electrochemical reaction.

[0031] The cold start system in this embodiment achieves closed-loop temperature control for hydrogen storage and release through dual-cycle switching of cooling and heat exchange, and realizes hydrogen self-recirculation supply through waste heat reuse, thereby improving the start-up efficiency and long-term operational stability of fuel cell system 4 in low-temperature environments.

[0032] Example 3: This embodiment provides a cold start method based on the aforementioned solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cell cold start system, including the entire process of hydrogen refueling, hydrogen storage, hydrogen release, and thermal management.

[0033] First, hydrogen is added to the solid hydrogen storage device 2 by the hydrogen dispenser 1. The hydrogen enters the solid hydrogen storage module 21 through the hydrogen filling pipeline. The metal hydride hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage module 21 releases heat during the process of adsorbing hydrogen. At the same time, the hydrogen dispenser 1 introduces a cooling medium into the module through the cooling circulation pipeline 5 to remove the adsorption heat, so that the temperature of the hydrogen storage material is maintained at 25°C to 35°C, ensuring the hydrogen adsorption efficiency and the stability of the material structure.

[0034] After the solid hydrogen storage module 21 is saturated with adsorption, hydrogen is injected into the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group 22 through the one-way valve 23 to form a medium-pressure hydrogen reserve with a storage pressure of 2.0 MPa to 3.5 MPa. After the hydrogen filling is completed, the coolant connection and hydrogen connection between the hydrogen dispenser 1 and the solid hydrogen storage device 2 are disconnected to complete the separation of the hydrogen filling and cooling circuits.

[0035] When the ambient temperature is -30℃, the solenoid valve 31 is activated to open the hydrogen passage. The medium-pressure hydrogen in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank 22 is reduced to about 0.2MPa by the pressure reducing valve 32 and then supplied to the fuel cell system 4. The fuel cell stack uses the supplied hydrogen to start generating electricity and produce heat, achieving the initial start-up. As the fuel cell system 4 operates, heat is transferred to the solid hydrogen storage module 21 through the heat exchange circulation pipe 6, raising the module temperature to the range of 60℃ to 80℃. The hydrogen adsorbed by the hydrogen storage material is heated and released, and then replenished to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank 22 through the one-way valve 23, maintaining the continuous hydrogen supply process.

[0036] When the fuel cell system 4 stops working, its internal fan stops running, while the water pump continues to operate, transferring the waste heat inside the fuel cell system 4 to the solid hydrogen storage module 21 through heat exchange pipe 62. This causes the module to continue releasing hydrogen and filling the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group 22 until the pressure inside the tank reaches the range of 2.0MPa to 3.5MPa again.

[0037] The cold start method provided in this embodiment enables the system to achieve closed-loop operation of the three stages of initial hydrogen supply, thermal energy-driven hydrogen release, and shutdown waste heat recovery during the cold start phase. This ensures the rapid start-up and stable operation of the fuel cell in a low-temperature environment and automatically completes medium-pressure hydrogen storage replenishment during shutdown, providing sufficient hydrogen reserves for the next cold start.

[0038] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0039] Although one or more exemplary embodiments of this disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0040] The foregoing description is merely illustrative of this disclosure, and modifications may be made to the invention in light of the above detailed description. The terminology used in the appended claims should not be construed as limiting the invention to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification. Rather, the scope of the invention will be fully defined by the appended claims, which will be interpreted according to established principles of claim interpretation.

Claims

1. A cold start system for a solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cell, characterized in that, include: Hydrogen dispenser (1), used for adding hydrogen and providing cooling medium; Solid-state hydrogen storage device (2), comprising: Solid hydrogen storage module (21) is connected to hydrogen dispenser (1) and is used to adsorb hydrogen from hydrogen dispenser (1) and release heat for hydrogen storage, and can release hydrogen by heating; The medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) is connected in series with the solid hydrogen storage module (21); A one-way valve (23) is provided between the solid hydrogen storage module (21) and the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) for unidirectional flow of hydrogen gas according to the pressure difference between the two ends; Solid-state hydrogen storage auxiliary components (3) include: Solenoid valve (31) is used to control the opening and closing of the hydrogen passage; Pressure reducing valve (32) is used to release hydrogen in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) to the fuel cell system (4) by reducing pressure. The fuel cell system (4) is connected to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) through the solid hydrogen storage auxiliary component (3) and is used to receive depressurized hydrogen and generate electricity and heat. During cold start, the hydrogen in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve (32) and supplied to the fuel cell system (4) for startup. The heat generated by the fuel cell system (4) after startup is used to heat the solid hydrogen storage module (21) through the pipeline, so that the hydrogen released by the solid hydrogen storage module (21) is used to replenish the hydrogen in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) through the one-way valve (23).

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cell cold start system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid hydrogen storage auxiliary component (3) also includes a cooling circulation pipe (5) and a heat exchange circulation pipe (6). The cooling circulation pipe (5) is connected to the hydrogen refueling machine (1) and the solid hydrogen storage module (21) respectively, and is used for the circulation of cooling medium. The heat exchange circulation pipe (6) is connected to the fuel cell system (4) and the solid hydrogen storage module (21) respectively, and is used for the circulation of heat.

3. The solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cell cold start system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling circulation pipe (5) includes a cooling pipe (51) and a cooling pipe (52), and the heat exchange circulation pipe (6) includes a heating pipe (61) and a heat exchange pipe (62). The cooling pipe (51) and heating pipe (61) are connected in parallel and then connected to the solid hydrogen storage module (21) through the medium inlet connector (7); the cooling pipe (52) and heat exchange pipe (62) are connected in parallel and then connected to the solid hydrogen storage module (21) through the medium outlet connector (8); The cooling pipe (51) is connected to the hydrogen dispenser (1) via the coolant inlet connector (53); the cooling exchange pipe (52) is connected to the hydrogen dispenser (1) via the coolant outlet connector (54); The hydrogen refueling machine (1) and the solid hydrogen storage module (21) are connected by a quick connector.

4. The solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cell cold start system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the fuel cell system (4) stops working, the water pump inside the fuel cell system (4) supplies the residual heat to the solid hydrogen storage module (21) through the heating pipe (61), so that the solid hydrogen storage module (21) continuously releases hydrogen and fills the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) with medium-pressure hydrogen through the one-way valve (23) for the next cold start of the fuel cell system (4).

5. The solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cell cold start system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydrogen refueling machine (1) is equipped with an ion filter (11), which is connected to the cooling circulation pipe (5) and is used to control the ion concentration of the cooling medium during the hydrogen refueling process.

6. A cold start method, based on the system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Hydrogen is added to the solid hydrogen storage device (2) by the hydrogen dispenser (1), and the solid hydrogen storage module (21) adsorbs hydrogen and releases heat. The hydrogen refueling unit (1) removes the heat generated by the solid hydrogen storage module (21) through the cooling circulation pipe (5); Hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage module (21) is charged into the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) through the one-way valve (23); After hydrogen refueling is completed, disconnect the coolant connection and hydrogen connection between the hydrogen refueling machine (1) and the solid hydrogen storage device (2); When the solenoid valve (31) is opened, the medium-pressure hydrogen in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve (32) and then enters the fuel cell system (4). The fuel cell system (4) consumes hydrogen to heat up the stack and complete the initial start-up; The heat generated by the fuel cell system (4) after startup is used to heat the solid hydrogen storage module (21) through the heat exchange circulation pipe (6).

7. The cold start method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage module (21) is charged into the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) through a one-way valve (23), including: When the hydrogen pressure released by the solid hydrogen storage module (21) is greater than the hydrogen pressure in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22), the solid hydrogen storage module (21) fills the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) with medium-pressure hydrogen through the one-way valve (23).

8. The cold start method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat generated by the fuel cell system (4) after startup heats the solid hydrogen storage module (21) through the heat exchange circulation pipe (6), including: When the fuel cell system (4) stops working, the internal fan of the fuel cell system (4) stops working and the water pump continues to run, supplying the waste heat of the fuel cell system (4) to the solid hydrogen storage module (21) through the heat exchange circulation pipe (6). The solid hydrogen storage module (21) continuously releases hydrogen under the residual heat of the fuel cell system (4). The hydrogen is charged into the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) through the one-way valve (23) until the hydrogen stored in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank group (22) meets the requirements for the next cold start.

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