Electronic device

Abstract

The invention provides electronic equipment which can be applied to the technical field of electronic equipment. The electronic device includes: a device body; the antenna module is arranged on the equipment body and comprises an antenna unit which comprises a first antenna and a second antenna which are arranged at an interval; the isolation unit is arranged between the first antenna and the second antenna and is used for isolating wireless signals between the first antenna and the second antenna; wherein the isolation unit comprises at least two electromagnetic band gap structures which are periodically arranged, and the at least two electromagnetic band gap structures can isolate wireless signals in at least two different frequency band ranges between the first antenna and the second antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of electronic equipment technology, and more specifically, to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In modern wireless communication systems, some electronic devices improve communication performance by using antennas in different frequency bands. However, due to the physical space constraints of electronic devices, crosstalk may occur between multiple antennas due to their close proximity, affecting the stability and transmission performance of the communication. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The first aspect of this disclosure provides an electronic device, including: a device body; an antenna module disposed on the device body, the antenna module including: an antenna element including a first antenna and a second antenna disposed at intervals; an isolation unit disposed between the first antenna and the second antenna for isolating wireless signals between the first antenna and the second antenna; wherein the isolation unit includes at least two periodically arranged electromagnetic bandgap structures, the at least two electromagnetic bandgap structures being capable of isolating wireless signals in at least two different frequency bands between the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0004] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the antenna module is disposed within a receiving space formed by the device body. The isolation unit includes a first dielectric substrate and at least one combination structure formed by a first electromagnetic bandgap structure and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure disposed on a first surface of the first dielectric substrate. In the combination structure, the projection combination of the branch structures of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure on the first surface presents a centrally symmetrical pattern or an axisymmetric pattern. And / or, the antenna unit further includes a second dielectric substrate, the first antenna and the second antenna are disposed at intervals on the second surface of the second dielectric substrate, the second surface and the first surface are in the same plane, or the first dielectric substrate is disposed on the second surface.

[0005] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the device body includes a first body and a second body rotatably connected. The electronic device further includes a rotating shaft assembly connecting the first body and the second body to achieve relative rotation between them. The rotating shaft assembly includes a rotating shaft and a cavity space formed by the rotating shaft housing. The antenna module is disposed within the cavity space. The antenna unit includes a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate spaced apart. The first antenna is disposed on the third surface of the third dielectric substrate, and the second antenna is disposed on the fourth surface of the fourth dielectric substrate. The isolation unit includes at least one combination structure formed by a first electromagnetic bandgap structure and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure disposed on the third surface of the third dielectric substrate or the fourth surface of the fourth dielectric substrate. In the combination structure, the projection of the branch structures of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure onto the third surface or the fourth surface presents a centrally symmetric pattern or an axisymmetric pattern.

[0006] According to embodiments of this disclosure, in the combined structure, the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure are coupled together through at least one of an LC circuit, a capacitor element, and an equivalent capacitor structure to form a combined structure; the combined structure has a first characteristic of isolating wireless signals in a first frequency band range through the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure, and a second characteristic of isolating wireless signals in a second frequency band range through the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure working together, wherein the minimum frequency point of the first frequency band range is greater than the maximum frequency point of the second frequency band range.

[0007] According to embodiments of this disclosure, both the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure are centrally symmetrical graphic structures formed by bending and / or splicing at least one metal patch in different directions, and the structural parameters of the second electromagnetic bandgap structure and the first electromagnetic bandgap structure are the same; or, both the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure are self-asymmetrical graphic structures formed by bending and / or splicing at least one metal patch in different directions, and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure and the first electromagnetic bandgap structure are mirror images of each other.

[0008] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the isolation unit further includes an isolation stub disposed between the antenna unit and the combined structure. The frequency band range of the wireless signal isolated between the first antenna and the second antenna by the isolation stub is different from the frequency band range isolated by the combined structure; and / or, the spacing between the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure is 0.8λ~1.1λ, where λ is the center wavelength of the antenna unit.

[0009] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the isolation unit includes two combined structures spaced apart between the first antenna and the second antenna; both the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure include a first L-shaped stub, a second L-shaped stub, a third L-shaped stub, and a fourth L-shaped stub connected end-to-end in sequence, wherein the two sub-stubs of the second L-shaped stub have the same length, the two sub-stubs of the third L-shaped stub have the same length, and the width of the first sub-stub of the fourth L-shaped stub is greater than the width of the second sub-stub; and / or, the frequency band range of the wireless signal isolated by the combined structure is 2400MHz-2480MHz and 5150MHz-5850MHz.

[0010] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the isolation unit includes: a first dielectric block, the first dielectric block being a polyhedral structure; at least one set of combined structures formed by a first electromagnetic bandgap structure and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure disposed on at least two surfaces of the polyhedral structure, wherein there may or may not be an electrical connection between the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure; when electrical resonance occurs, the combined structure exhibits a negative equivalent dielectric constant or equivalent permeability; and / or, the device body includes a display portion consisting of a housing and a display screen, wherein an antenna module is disposed within an accommodating space formed by the display portion, wherein at least a portion of the housing constituting the accommodating space is made of an insulating material or the accommodating space has an opening.

[0011] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the isolation unit further includes a second dielectric block disposed on the third surface of the third dielectric substrate or on the fourth surface of the fourth dielectric substrate, and a metamaterial structure formed by multiple branch structures disposed on multiple surfaces of the polyhedral structure of the second dielectric block. There may or may not be electrical connections between the multiple branch structures. When electrical resonance occurs, the metamaterial structure exhibits a negative equivalent dielectric constant or equivalent permeability. And / or, the dielectric constant of the second dielectric block is greater than the dielectric constant of the third dielectric substrate or the fourth dielectric substrate, and the metamaterial structure is a three-dimensional structure formed by the multiple branch structures disposed on the second dielectric block.

[0012] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the target length of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure is determined based on the corresponding operating frequency band, the relative permittivity of the first dielectric substrate, and the adjustment coefficient; and / or, the target width of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure is determined based on the corresponding operating frequency band, and the frequency band range of the isolated wireless signal is adjusted by adjusting the target width. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this disclosure will become clearer from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0015] Figure 2 One schematic diagram of an isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0016] Figure 3 A second schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0017] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an antenna module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0018] Figure 5A second schematic diagram of an isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0019] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in Figure 3.

[0020] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a first electromagnetic bandgap structure or a second electromagnetic bandgap structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0021] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in Figure 3.

[0022] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of an isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in Figure 4.

[0023] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a simulation environment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0024] Figure 11 This illustration schematically shows a change in isolation obtained from simulation based on a single electromagnetic bandgap structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 12 The illustration shows a schematic diagram of the isolation degree change obtained by simulation based on isolation units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 10 - Electronic device; 20 - Antenna module; 200 - Antenna element; 210 - First antenna; 220 - Second antenna; 300 - Isolation unit; 310 - Electromagnetic bandgap structure; 311 - First electromagnetic bandgap structure; 312 - Second electromagnetic bandgap structure; 41 - First dielectric substrate; 42 - Second dielectric substrate; 43 - Third dielectric substrate; 44 - Fourth dielectric substrate; 101 - First body; 102 - Second body; 103 - Rotating shaft assembly; 321 - First L-shaped stub; 322 - Second L-shaped stub; 323 - Third L-shaped stub; 324 - Fourth L-shaped stub; 111 - Housing; 112 - Display screen; 113 - Accommodation space; 51 - Second dielectric block; 52 - Metamaterial structure. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure.

[0029] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0030] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0031] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B and C", they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B, a system having A and C, a system having B and C, and / or a system having A, B and C, etc.).

[0032] This disclosure provides an electronic device. Before introducing the technical solutions provided by this disclosure, the relevant technologies involved in this disclosure will be described first.

[0033] Some electronic devices employ a dual-transmit, dual-receive design in their wireless communication modules, providing two independent transmission and reception channels to improve data transmission efficiency and stability. To meet the requirements of different application scenarios and communication standards, antennas in different frequency bands can be used. However, due to the physical space limitations of electronic devices, crosstalk may occur between multiple antennas caused by their close proximity; this crosstalk refers to the interference energy generated by electromagnetic coupling between different transmission lines or conductors.

[0034] The common approach is to improve isolation by adding isolation stubs or metamaterial elements between two antenna elements to reduce mutual interference. However, the electromagnetic properties of both isolation stubs and metamaterial elements are closely related to frequency. When the electromagnetic wave frequency changes, isolation stubs and metamaterials struggle to provide adequate isolation. This means that this method can only improve isolation at a single frequency and cannot achieve full coverage across the entire frequency band, thus offering limited improvement in isolation for wireless communications across different frequency bands.

[0035] Embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device, including: a device body; an antenna module disposed on the device body, the antenna module including: an antenna element including a first antenna and a second antenna disposed at intervals; an isolation unit disposed between the first antenna and the second antenna for isolating wireless signals between the first antenna and the second antenna; wherein, the isolation unit includes at least two periodically arranged electromagnetic bandgap structures, the at least two electromagnetic bandgap structures being capable of isolating wireless signals in at least two different frequency bands between the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0036] The electronic device provided in this disclosure uses isolation units with at least two periodically arranged electromagnetic bandgap structures to isolate wireless signals. Each electromagnetic bandgap structure can suppress a specific frequency band. By combining multiple electromagnetic bandgap structures, different bandgap structures can isolate wireless signals in different frequency bands. The electromagnetic modes of the combined electromagnetic bandgap structures will couple, and wireless signals in different frequency bands can be isolated according to the new coupling mode, thereby improving the isolation of multiple frequency bands.

[0037] The following will be through Figures 1-12 The electronic device according to embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail.

[0038] Figure 1 One of the schematic diagrams of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 10 of this embodiment includes a device body 10 and an antenna module 20 disposed on the device body.

[0040] Antenna module 20 includes antenna element 200 and isolation unit 300. Antenna element 200 includes a first antenna 210 and a second antenna 220 spaced apart. Isolation unit 300 is disposed between the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220 and is used to isolate wireless signals between the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220. Isolation unit 300 includes at least two periodically arranged electromagnetic bandgap structures 310, which are capable of isolating wireless signals in at least two different frequency bands between the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220.

[0041] In some embodiments, there are gaps between the main structures in the isolation unit 300. For example, each electromagnetic bandgap structure can be considered as a main structure in the isolation unit, and some branches between the electromagnetic bandgap structures can interact in a specific manner to optimize the overall isolation performance. Two electromagnetic bandgap structures that interact in a specific manner can be considered as isolation sub-units, with gaps between the isolation sub-units.

[0042] For example, some branches of an electromagnetic bandgap structure can interact with other electromagnetic bandgap structures through circuit connections, impedance connections, or gap links. Circuit connections can be formed by connecting some branches in different electromagnetic bandgap structures through metallized vias, printed circuits, or soldering; impedance connections can be formed by forming energy coupling between some branches in different electromagnetic bandgap structures through resistive elements (such as capacitors and inductors) or distributed structures with impedance characteristics (such as gaps and stubs); gap connections can maintain air gaps or dielectric gaps between some branches in different electromagnetic bandgap structures, and achieve energy transfer through electromagnetic fields (such as capacitive coupling or magnetic field coupling).

[0043] In some embodiments, different electromagnetic bandgap structures can be designed for different frequency bands. Each electromagnetic bandgap structure can suppress a specific frequency band. By combining multiple electromagnetic bandgap structures, isolation of wireless signals in multiple frequency bands can be achieved. Alternatively, each electromagnetic bandgap structure can be designed for the same frequency band. When electromagnetic bandgap structures are close to each other, their electromagnetic fields influence each other, causing their respective electromagnetic modes to couple and change, forming new coupling modes. By combining multiple electromagnetic bandgap structures in the same frequency band, isolation of wireless signals in another frequency band can be achieved.

[0044] For example, wireless signals in different frequency bands can be high-frequency signals and low-frequency signals, or signals in other specific frequency bands. Each electromagnetic bandgap structure can be used to isolate high-frequency signals. By connecting some branches between two electromagnetic bandgap structures, a new equivalent circuit can be formed in the two electromagnetic bandgap structures. The newly formed equivalent circuit can be used to isolate low-frequency wireless signals, thereby meeting the isolation requirements of wireless signals in different frequency bands.

[0045] For example, the isolation unit 300 can be used to isolate wireless signals in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands, such as low-frequency signals in the 2400 MHz-2480 MHz and high-frequency signals in the 5150 MHz-5850 MHz range. A single electromagnetic bandgap structure can be designed to meet the resonance conditions of the 5 GHz band to suppress the propagation of 5 GHz wireless signals. When two electromagnetic bandgap structures are connected in a specific manner, the equivalent capacitance and inductance of the combined structure change, and the resonant frequency of the combined structure is adjusted to the 2.4 GHz band to form a bandgap within that band.

[0046] For example, when 2.4G and 5G signals are incident simultaneously, a single electromagnetic bandgap structure preferentially creates a high impedance to the 5G signal, preventing its propagation. Simultaneously, the periodic arrangement of the combined structures generates Bragg scattering on the 2.4G signal, forming a bandgap and hindering its propagation.

[0047] Each electromagnetic bandgap structure can be used to isolate signals in a specific frequency band. By connecting some branches in two electromagnetic bandgap structures, a new equivalent circuit is formed in the two electromagnetic bandgap structures, which can achieve isolation of wireless signals in another frequency band range, thereby meeting the isolation requirements of wireless signals in different frequency band ranges.

[0048] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the isolation unit employs at least two periodically arranged electromagnetic bandgap structures. Each electromagnetic bandgap structure can suppress a specific frequency band range, and by combining multiple electromagnetic bandgap structures, coverage of multiple frequency bands can be achieved, thereby improving the isolation of multiple frequency bands.

[0049] In some embodiments, the electronic device 10 may be a laptop computer, tablet computer, in-vehicle computer, wearable device, mobile phone or other electronic device that needs to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves.

[0050] Figure 2 One of the schematic diagrams of an isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the antenna module 20 is disposed within the accommodating space 30 formed by the device body, and the isolation unit 300 includes a first dielectric substrate 41 and at least one combination structure formed by a first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 disposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate.

[0052] Taking a laptop computer as an example, the electronic device 10 may include: a first body containing a display screen, and a second body containing a host system and a keyboard. The antenna module may be disposed in either the first body or the second body. Alternatively, in other embodiments, both the first body and the second body of the electronic device may be provided with display screens, that is, the electronic device may be a dual-screen laptop computer, a foldable laptop computer, a foldable mobile phone, a foldable tablet, etc., and the antenna module may be disposed in the first body and / or the second body of the electronic device.

[0053] In the combined structure, the projections of the branch structures of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 onto the first surface present a centrally symmetric or axisymmetric figure. This symmetrical arrangement allows for more uniform and orderly electromagnetic coupling between the electromagnetic bandgap structures within the combined structure. When a wireless signal is incident on the combined structure, the symmetrical structure guides the electromagnetic wave to propagate along a specific path, reducing unnecessary reflections and scattering, thereby lowering energy loss and improving shielding efficiency.

[0054] In some embodiments, the antenna unit 200 further includes a second dielectric substrate 42, with the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220 disposed at intervals on the second surface of the second dielectric substrate 42, the second surface being in the same plane as the first surface, or the first dielectric substrate 41 being disposed on the second surface.

[0055] In some embodiments, the first dielectric substrate 41 is used to support the isolation unit and can be a printed circuit board (PCB). At least one set of combined structures can be provided on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate. The combined structure consists of branches of a first electromagnetic bandgap structure and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure. The second dielectric substrate 42 is used to support the antenna and can be a PCB board. The second dielectric substrate can be the same dielectric substrate as the first dielectric substrate, or it can be a different dielectric substrate.

[0056] The isolation unit and the antenna unit can be arranged in a coplanar or non-coplanar manner by the layout of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate. In the case of a coplanar arrangement, the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate can be the same substrate, or they can be different substrates that are independently coplanar or nested coplanar.

[0057] For example, at least one combination structure formed by a first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 is provided on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 41, and a first antenna 210 and a second antenna 220 arranged at intervals are provided on the second surface of the second dielectric substrate 42, so that the first dielectric substrate can be placed or fixed on the second surface of the second dielectric substrate. Alternatively, a groove or hole for receiving the first dielectric substrate is provided on the surface of the second dielectric substrate, and the first dielectric substrate is embedded in the groove or hole, with the first surface of the first dielectric substrate aligned with the second surface of the second dielectric substrate.

[0058] In the case of a non-plane arrangement, the isolation unit 300 and the antenna unit 200 can be placed on different planes, achieving spatial isolation between the isolation unit and the antenna unit through physical distance, thus reducing in-field coupling. For example, the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate can be physically separated by maintaining a fixed distance between them through a non-conductive support structure. Alternatively, the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate can be fixed by a bracket or mechanical structure to form lateral isolation between them. Or, the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate can be designed with a common structure, achieving spatial isolation through curved surface shapes.

[0059] Figure 3 A second schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, the device body may include a first body 101 and a second body 102 that are rotatably connected. The electronic device also includes a rotating shaft assembly 103 that connects the first body and the second body to achieve relative rotation between them. The rotating shaft assembly 103 includes a cavity space formed by a rotating shaft and a rotating shaft housing, and the antenna module is disposed in the cavity space.

[0061] In some embodiments, the device body may consist of a first body and a second body that rotate relative to each other, connected by a hinge assembly. For example, the device body may be a laptop computer, a foldable phone, etc. The hinge housing may be made of plastic to avoid interference with or shield antenna radiation, and the antenna module may be built into this cavity.

[0062] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an antenna module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, the antenna unit 200 includes a third dielectric substrate 43 and a fourth dielectric substrate 44 spaced apart. The first antenna 210 is disposed on the third surface of the third dielectric substrate 43, and the second antenna 220 is disposed on the fourth surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 44.

[0064] In some embodiments, the third dielectric substrate 43 and the fourth dielectric substrate 44 are two independent dielectric plates, physically isolated from each other. As shown in the figure, there may be a mechanical-electromagnetic (ME) coupling structure between the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate. The ME structure can be the shaft itself or a structural component related to the shaft.

[0065] By mounting the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220 on the spaced third and fourth dielectric substrates respectively, physical isolation between the antennas can be achieved, reducing near-field coupling between them. This also increases the flexibility of antenna layout, allowing for adaptation to complex device configurations and optimizing space utilization.

[0066] In some embodiments, the third surface of the third dielectric substrate 43 and the fourth surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 44 may be located in the same plane or in different planes. That is, the first antenna and the second antenna may be arranged in the same plane or in opposite planes. The materials of the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate may be PCB boards, ceramic substrates, etc.

[0067] For example, the third and fourth dielectric substrates can be placed parallel to each other within the cavity space, with the third and fourth surfaces aligned on the same plane. Alternatively, the third and fourth dielectric substrates can be placed vertically or at an angle, so that the third and fourth surfaces are not on the same surface.

[0068] The isolation unit 300 includes at least one combination structure formed by the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312, which is disposed on the third surface of the third dielectric substrate 43 or on the fourth surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 44.

[0069] In some embodiments, the isolation unit 300 can be disposed on the third surface or the fourth surface, or simultaneously on both surfaces. The isolation unit 300 is composed of a first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312, which suppress the propagation of surface waves in a specific frequency band through a specific arrangement. In the combined structure, the projections of the branch structures of the first and second electromagnetic bandgap structures onto the third or fourth surface present a centrally symmetric or axisymmetric shape. In a symmetrical structure, the propagation path of electromagnetic waves within the structure is more ordered, reducing unnecessary reflection and scattering, thereby reducing energy loss. For example, when the projections of the branch structures of two electromagnetic bandgap structures are centrally symmetric, the electromagnetic field interaction between them is more uniform, allowing electromagnetic energy to be absorbed and suppressed more effectively, improving the shielding efficiency of the isolation unit against surface waves. By setting isolation units on different surfaces, the shielding capability against surface waves can be enhanced without increasing the device size, meeting the design requirements of different scenarios.

[0070] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, in the combined structure, the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 are coupled together through at least one of an LC circuit, a capacitor element, and an equivalent capacitor structure to form a combined structure.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 can achieve signal transmission or coupling through a specific circuit network built with components such as inductors (L) and capacitors (C). For example, a circuit network can be built using components such as transmission lines, matching elements, power dividers or couplers, and phasers to achieve signal transmission or coupling, forming a cooperative combined structure. For example, a microstrip line can be used to form an LC resonant network by connecting a series inductor and a parallel capacitor, and the first and second electromagnetic bandgap structures can be connected to the input / output terminals of the LC resonant network respectively to achieve signal transmission / coupling using electromagnetic resonance or impedance matching. By coupling the two electromagnetic bandgap structures through an LC network, the frequency selectivity of the LC resonant network can be used to combine and extend the suppression frequency bands of the two electromagnetic bandgap structures, so that the combined structure can suppress signals over a wider frequency range.

[0072] The first and second electromagnetic bandgap structures can be connected using components such as surface-mount capacitors and ceramic capacitors. The coupling connection between the first and second electromagnetic bandgap structures can be achieved by adjusting the equivalent capacitance value. For example, a surface-mount capacitor can be soldered between the first and second electromagnetic bandgap structures to couple them.

[0073] The coupling of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure can be achieved by utilizing structural gaps or parasitic capacitance. For example, the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second bandgap structure can be placed close together, with a 0.1mm gap between them. The air or dielectric in the gap will form a gap capacitance, providing a transmission path for the signal.

[0074] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the combined structure has a first characteristic of isolating wireless signals in a first frequency band range through a first electromagnetic band gap structure 311 or a second electromagnetic band gap structure 312, and a second characteristic of co-isolating wireless signals in a second frequency band range through the first electromagnetic band gap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic band gap structure 312, wherein the minimum frequency point of the first frequency band range is greater than the maximum frequency point of the second frequency band range.

[0075] In some embodiments, the size and shape of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure can be designed according to the center frequency of the wireless signal in the first frequency band range, so that the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure has a first characteristic of isolating wireless signals in the first frequency band range. When the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave matches the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure, the structure resonates, reflects or absorbs the electromagnetic wave, and forms a bandgap.

[0076] For low-frequency electromagnetic waves, a larger combined structure is formed by coupling the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312. According to electromagnetic wave theory, the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave is inversely proportional to its frequency; that is, the lower the frequency, the longer the wavelength. Since low-frequency electromagnetic waves have longer wavelengths, a larger electromagnetic bandgap structure is needed to achieve effective blocking. When two electromagnetic bandgap structures are combined, the overall length increases, making it more likely to meet the requirement of matching the wavelength of low-frequency electromagnetic waves, thereby achieving the blocking of low-frequency electromagnetic waves.

[0077] When the first and second electromagnetic bandgap structures are combined, their bandgap may partially overlap or form new resonant modes. The coupling effect of the combined structural components can enhance low-frequency absorption. Compared to a single electromagnetic bandgap structure, the overall length of the combined structure is larger, which can introduce higher-order resonant modes and form a low-frequency blocking bandwidth to isolate wireless signals in the second frequency band.

[0078] In some embodiments, the minimum frequency point of the first frequency band is greater than the maximum frequency point of the second frequency band, meaning there is no overlap between the first and second frequency bands to avoid mutual interference during isolation. For example, the first frequency band can be a 5G band, and the second frequency band can be a 2.4G band. When either the first or second electromagnetic bandgap structure operates independently, its bandgap covers the 5G band, achieving high-frequency isolation by reflecting or absorbing 5G signals. When the first and second electromagnetic bandgap structures are combined, they collaboratively suppress signals in the 2.4G band.

[0079] The isolation unit provided in this embodiment achieves the setting of low-frequency band collaborative suppression for high-frequency band isolation by the individual and combined operation of the first electromagnetic band gap structure and the second electromagnetic band gap structure. The individual operation mode blocks the propagation of high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the combined operation mode collaboratively suppresses low-frequency band signals, thereby improving the isolation range of frequency band signals and achieving precise isolation of signals of different frequency bands.

[0080] Figure 5 A second schematic diagram of an isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0081] like Figure 5As shown, both the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 are centrally symmetrical graphic structures formed by bending and / or splicing at least one metal patch in different directions. The structural parameters of the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 are the same.

[0082] In some embodiments, the metal patch can be a thin sheet made of conductive materials such as copper or aluminum. A specific electromagnetic bandgap structure can be obtained by bending or splicing the metal patch. By creating an impedance mismatch between the periodically arranged metal patches and free space, bandgap isolation is achieved by reflecting or absorbing electromagnetic waves of a specific frequency band.

[0083] For example, the metal patch can be bent or extended in a horizontal, vertical, or other direction to form a non-linear first electronic bandgap structure and / or a second electromagnetic bandgap structure. Bending methods may include, for example, L-shaped bends, spiral bends, etc. For example, the bend can be a continuous bend (e.g., an arc) or a direct turn (e.g., a stepped shape).

[0084] Alternatively, a first electromagnetic bandgap structure and / or a second electromagnetic bandgap structure can be formed by extending in different directions. A segment or the entire metal patch can be extended in different directions; for example, the extension direction of the metal edge can be changed from its original direction to form a forked or extended structure. For instance, a centrally symmetrical graphic structure can be obtained through a combination of bending and extension, or simply by bending or extending.

[0085] Alternatively, multiple metal patch fragments of different shapes or orientations can be connected together along different directions or angles to form a first electronic bandgap structure and / or a second electromagnetic bandgap structure with a specific combined pattern.

[0086] In some embodiments, the first bandgap structure 311 and the second bandgap structure 312 can be centrosymmetric structures. Structural parameters may include, for example, patch length, width, bending angle, splicing spacing, etc., and the second bandgap structure may be obtained by rotating the first bandgap structure by 180°.

[0087] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in Figure 3.

[0088] like Figure 6 As shown, the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 are both self-asymmetric graphic structures formed by bending and / or splicing at least one metal patch in different directions. The second electromagnetic bandgap structure and the first electromagnetic bandgap structure are mirror images of each other.

[0089] In some embodiments, the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 can be self-asymmetric image structures. The first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 are symmetrical about a certain plane, that is, the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 is the reflected image of the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 on that plane.

[0090] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in Figure 3.

[0091] like Figure 6 As shown, the isolation unit 300 also includes an isolation stub disposed between the antenna unit 200 and the combined structure. The frequency band range of the wireless signal isolated between the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 211 by the isolation stub is different from the frequency band range isolated by the combined structure.

[0092] In some embodiments, the isolation stub can be a metal structure for suppressing wireless signals in a specific frequency band, such as a stub, parasitic unit, etc. For example, a stub can be connected to a ground plane through a via or directly to form a parasitic capacitance effect, so as to present high impedance in a specific frequency band, block the signal of that specific frequency band from passing through, and suppress signal coupling.

[0093] Alternatively, the isolation stub can be an artificially designed subwavelength metamaterial structure, such as a metal strip array or an open resonant ring. The isolation stub can be placed between the antenna element and the combined structure by physical embedding or surface loading. For example, the metamaterial structure can be fabricated as an independent layer and placed in the gap between the antenna element and the combined structure, or the metamaterial structure can be directly integrated onto the antenna element or the combined structure.

[0094] Isolation stubs can be placed between the antenna element and the combined structure to complement the combined structure and provide supplementary isolation for frequency bands not covered by the combined structure. For example, an isolation stub can be used to isolate wireless signals in a third frequency band range, which differs from the second frequency band range, to cover a wider frequency band, increase the frequency band range, and improve the isolation of the isolation unit across the entire frequency band.

[0095] By leveraging the synergistic effect of isolation stubs and combined structures, the isolation unit can exhibit negative permeability or equivalent permittivity in both the first and second frequency bands. Permeability reflects the isolation unit's response to magnetic fields; when permeability is negative, the magnetic field direction is opposite to the magnetization direction, creating magnetic gaps to suppress magnetic field propagation. The equivalent permittivity describes the isolation unit's response to electric fields; when the equivalent permittivity is negative, the electric field direction is opposite to the polarization direction, creating a negative charge effect to suppress electric field propagation. Through frequency band specialization and parameter matching of the isolation stubs and combined structures, the isolation unit exhibits negative parameter characteristics across multiple frequency bands, effectively suppressing electromagnetic wave propagation and achieving high-efficiency isolation.

[0096] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the spacing between the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 is 0.8λ~1.1λ, where λ is the center wavelength of the antenna element.

[0097] For example, the spacing between the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure can be either the geometric center spacing or the minimum edge intercept. The geometric center spacing refers to the distance between their respective geometric center points, while the minimum edge intercept refers to the shortest distance between the edges of the two electromagnetic bandgap structures.

[0098] Setting the spacing between the electric field bandgap structures to 0.8λ~1.1λ serves two purposes. First, it attenuates the near field to a negligible level, avoiding near-field coupling interference and preventing mutual interference between the first and second electromagnetic bandgap structures, thus maintaining the stability of their respective bandgap characteristics. Second, it enables phase matching of reflections, ensuring that the phase difference between the reflected and incident waves satisfies the destructive interference condition, weakening spatial coupling, and thereby reducing the mutual influence between the electromagnetic bandgap structures.

[0099] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the isolation unit 300 includes two combined structures spaced apart between the first antenna and the second antenna. Each combined structure includes a first electromagnetic bandgap structure and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure.

[0100] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a first electromagnetic bandgap structure or a second electromagnetic bandgap structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0101] like Figure 7 As shown, both the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure include a first L-shaped branch 321, a second L-shaped branch 322, a third L-shaped branch 323, and a fourth L-shaped branch 324 connected end to end in sequence. The two sub-branches of the second L-shaped branch 322 have the same length, the two sub-branches of the third L-shaped branch 323 have the same length, and the width of the first sub-branch 321 of the fourth L-shaped branch 324 is greater than the width of its second sub-branch.

[0102] In some embodiments, each L-shaped stub can be equivalent to a series LC resonant circuit, the resonant frequency of which is determined by the stub's length and width. The curved structure of the L-shaped stub can alter the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation, causing it to deviate from the target antenna.

[0103] The second L-shaped stub 322 and the third L-shaped stub 323 each have sub-stub lengths of equal length, forming a symmetrical L-shape. Equal-length sub-stubs allow electromagnetic waves of the target frequency band to be reflected in phase at both ends of the stub, concentrating resonant energy and suppressing frequency splitting. The fourth L-shaped stub 324 has sub-stub widths of varying widths, which can focus the target frequency band, avoid interference from other frequency bands, and improve the isolation of the target frequency band.

[0104] In some embodiments, the sub-branch lengths of the first L-shaped branch 321, the second L-shaped branch 322, the third L-shaped branch 323, and the fourth L-shaped branch 324 may be different. See also Figure 7 The lengths of the sub-stubs in the first L-shaped stub 321 and the fourth L-shaped stub 324 are both shorter than the length of the sub-stub 323 in the third L-shaped stub, and the length of the sub-stub in the third L-shaped stub 323 is shorter than the length of the second L-shaped sub-stub 322. By adjusting the lengths of the sub-stubs, the resonant frequencies of different L-shaped stubs can be focused at different frequencies, forming a wider high-frequency band gap after merging to cover the target frequency band. Through the coordinated resonance of the four stubs, the electromagnetic wave energy in the target frequency band is reflected multiple times between the stubs, resulting in more thorough attenuation and effectively improving isolation. For example, the combined structure can isolate wireless signal frequency bands ranging from 2400MHz to 2480MHz and 5150MHz to 5850MHz, achieving isolation of dual-band signals.

[0105] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the isolation unit 300 includes: a first dielectric block, which is a polyhedral structure; at least one set of combined structures formed by a first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 disposed on at least two surfaces of the polyhedral structure, wherein there may be or may not be an electrical connection between the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312; and when an electrical resonance occurs, the combined structure exhibits a negative equivalent permittivity or equivalent permeability.

[0106] In some embodiments, the first dielectric block can be a three-dimensional structure such as a cube, prism, or pyramid, serving as the dielectric substrate for electromagnetic wave propagation. The material of the first dielectric block can be ceramic, plastic, or the like. The electromagnetic bandgap structure can be attached to at least two surfaces of the first dielectric block (such as the top and bottom surfaces, front and back surfaces, etc.) to obtain a combined structure formed by the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap.

[0107] The first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 can be electrically connected through wires, metal vias, or direct contact to form a common-mode resonant path, enhancing the isolation effect in a specific frequency band. Alternatively,

[0108] The first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 can be independent of each other, and there is no electrical connection between them. For example, the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure can be used to suppress electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands to achieve multi-frequency isolation. For example, the first electromagnetic bandgap structure is attached to the front surface of the first dielectric block to suppress low-frequency signals, and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure is attached to the rear surface of the second dielectric block to suppress high-frequency signals.

[0109] In some embodiments, when the frequency of the electromagnetic wave matches that of the combined structure, the combined structure resonates and exhibits a negative equivalent permittivity or equivalent permeability. The electromagnetic wave is strongly reflected or absorbed, forming an isolation bandgap.

[0110] The embodiments disclosed herein can control the propagation of electromagnetic waves in three-dimensional space by setting bandgap structures on multiple surfaces of a three-dimensional medium, thereby achieving comprehensive isolation.

[0111] For example, the geometry of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 may include, but is not limited to, a non-closed strip structure with no end connection, a curved shape, and varying thickness, a closed strip structure with no end connection, a curved shape, and varying thickness, or an open-ended branch structure with outward extension. It may also be a combination of a non-closed strip structure / a closed strip structure and an open-ended branch structure with outward extension.

[0112] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in Figure 3.

[0113] like Figure 8 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the device body includes a display portion consisting of a housing 111 and a display screen 112, and an antenna module is disposed within a receiving space 113 formed by the display portion, wherein at least a portion of the housing constituting the receiving space is made of an insulating material or the receiving space has an opening.

[0114] In some embodiments, the housing may be made of, for example, plastic, metal, or composite material, and serves to protect, support, and secure the internal components of the electronic device. The housing and display screen, when combined, form a sealed or semi-sealed enclosure. Taking a mobile phone as an example, an enclosure is formed between the phone screen and the back cover. The antenna assembly can be placed within the enclosure formed by the housing and the display, avoiding the need for external antenna placement and additional space.

[0115] For example, at least a portion of the material in the housing constituting the containment space is an insulating material, such as plastic, glass, or ceramic, to avoid the metal shielding effect. A metal housing blocks electromagnetic propagation, causing antenna signal attenuation; insulating materials reduce interference with the antenna signal. Continuing with the example of a mobile phone, the back cover can be made of plastic, and the antenna unit is located in the space between the back cover and the screen.

[0116] For example, the containment space can be a semi-enclosed space with one or more openings (such as gaps, holes, etc.), allowing electromagnetic waves to freely enter and exit the containment space through the openings, avoiding signal attenuation caused by complete enclosure. Taking a tablet computer as an example, a row of small openings can be set on the metal frame of the tablet computer, with the antenna unit located behind the openings so that the signal can propagate through the openings.

[0117] Figure 9 The fourth schematic diagram illustrates an isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0118] like Figure 9 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the isolation unit 300 further includes a second dielectric block 51 disposed on the third surface of the third dielectric substrate or disposed on the fourth surface of the fourth dielectric substrate, and a metamaterial structure 52 formed by multiple branch structures disposed on multiple surfaces of the polyhedral structure of the second dielectric block. There may be or may not be electrical connections between the multiple branch structures. When electrical resonance occurs, the metamaterial structure exhibits the characteristic of having a negative equivalent dielectric constant or equivalent permeability.

[0119] In some embodiments, the isolation unit 300 can be a composite structure composed of a second dielectric block 51 and a metamaterial structure 52. The second dielectric block 51 is a polyhedral structure, which can be a plate with a certain thickness and specific electromagnetic properties, used to fix and support the metamaterial structure and provide a dielectric environment for the propagation of electromagnetic waves. The second dielectric block 51 has multiple surfaces in different directions, which can provide different spaces for the branch structures set on the surface of the second dielectric block. Different polyhedral shapes (such as cubes, prisms, etc.) will have different effects on the propagation of electromagnetic waves and the electromagnetic response of the branch structures. Those skilled in the art can select the appropriate polyhedral shape according to the required electromagnetic performance.

[0120] The metamaterial structure 52 consists of multiple branch structures distributed on multiple surfaces of the second dielectric block. The branch structures can be made of metal or other conductive materials. The three-dimensional metamaterial structure distributed on multiple surfaces of the second dielectric block can manipulate electromagnetic waves in three-dimensional space, interact with electromagnetic waves from multiple directions, and effectively control electromagnetic waves with different polarization modes and incident angles.

[0121] In some embodiments, multiple branch structures can be connected using conductive materials to form a continuous conductive path. The endpoints of different branch structures can be connected through direct physical contact, such as welding or overlapping; alternatively, they can be connected indirectly, such as through other conductive elements (e.g., metal wires, conductive films). The metamaterial structure formed after electrical connection can be viewed as a circuit network with specific equivalent circuit parameters (e.g., equivalent inductance, equivalent capacitance, equivalent resistance). By designing the connection method and position of the branch structures, the resonant characteristics of the metamaterial structure can be adjusted, enhancing the absorption effect on signals in specific frequency bands. Alternatively, in the absence of electrical connections between multiple branch structures, each branch structure can be considered an independent electromagnetic radiation or absorption unit, each influencing electromagnetic waves.

[0122] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the dielectric constant of the second dielectric block 51 is greater than that of the third dielectric substrate or the fourth dielectric substrate, and the metamaterial structure 52 is a three-dimensional structure formed by multiple branch structures disposed on the second dielectric block.

[0123] When the dielectric constant of the second dielectric block is greater than that of the surrounding dielectric substrate, the electromagnetic field will redistribute at the junction of dielectrics with different dielectric constants. The electromagnetic field will tend to concentrate in the region with the higher dielectric constant (i.e., the region of the second dielectric block), which is beneficial to enhancing the interaction between the metamaterial structure and the electromagnetic field. This makes the metamaterial more likely to exhibit a negative equivalent dielectric constant or equivalent permeability during electrical resonance, thereby effectively modulating electromagnetic waves. For example, the dielectric constant of the second dielectric block can be twice that of the third or fourth dielectric substrate.

[0124] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the target length of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 is determined based on their respective operating frequency bands, the relative permittivity of the first dielectric substrate, and the adjustment coefficient.

[0125] In some embodiments, the first electromagnetic bandgap structure 311 or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure 312 is used to suppress the propagation of wireless signals in a specific frequency band, and its operating frequency band range is the same as the frequency band range of the wireless signal to be suppressed.

[0126] The ideal length of the first or second electromagnetic bandgap structure is related to the wavelength at the operating frequency, which can be the center frequency of the wireless signal to be suppressed.

[0127] When the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure is placed on the surface of the dielectric substrate (i.e., the first dielectric substrate 41), the relative permittivity of the dielectric will affect the operating frequency of the electromagnetic bandgap. The equivalent length of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure under the influence of the dielectric can be calculated based on the relative permittivity of the dielectric substrate.

[0128] In practical applications, due to spatial constraints or adjustment requirements, some branches in the first or second electromagnetic bandgap structure can be bent. The bent region is equivalent to a series or parallel model of capacitors and / or inductors. These equivalent capacitors and inductors change the electromagnetic characteristics of the electromagnetic bandgap, resulting in a shorter physical length required at the same frequency. For example, the equivalent capacitors and inductors store and release electromagnetic energy, altering the distribution and propagation of current in the electromagnetic bandgap structure, thereby affecting the resonant characteristics of the electromagnetic bandgap structure and achieving the same electromagnetic effect as the theoretical length over a shorter physical length.

[0129] The adjustment factor is used to describe the difference between the actual physical length and the theoretical length, so as to adjust the equivalent length of the electromagnetic bandgap based on the actual situation. For example, the adjustment factor can be between 0.7 and 1.1. In this embodiment of the disclosure, the adjustment factor is 0.8. Those skilled in the art can select the appropriate adjustment factor value according to the actual situation.

[0130] In some embodiments, taking the first electromagnetic bandgap structure with its branches bent into a six-segment structure as an example, the ideal length l of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure is... 电 The expression is:

[0131]

[0132] Where f is the operating frequency, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave at the operating frequency, and c is the speed of light in a vacuum. l1, l2, ..., l6 are the lengths of each branch structure after at least some of the branches in the electromagnetic bandgap structure are bent.

[0133] Equivalent length l 物 The expression can be:

[0134]

[0135] in, is the relative permittivity of the first dielectric substrate.

[0136] Target length l tol The expression can be:

[0137]

[0138] Where 0.8 is the value of the adjustment coefficient.

[0139] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the target width of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure is determined based on their respective corresponding operating frequency bands, and the frequency band range of the wireless signals that can be isolated is adjusted by adjusting the target width.

[0140] In some embodiments, when the target width increases, the electromagnetic parameters such as the equivalent capacitance and inductance of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure will change, resulting in a change in the resonance characteristics of the electromagnetic bandgap structure. The amplitude of its resonance peak will become shallower, and the allowed frequency range (bandwidth) will increase, so as to adjust the frequency band range to be isolated.

[0141] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a simulation environment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0142] Figure 11 The illustration shows a schematic diagram of the isolation variation obtained by simulation based on a single electromagnetic bandgap structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0143] Figure 12 The illustration shows a schematic diagram of the isolation degree change obtained by simulation based on isolation units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0144] like Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments, electromagnetic bandgap structure simulation experiments can be conducted using computer simulation software. A field source is set in the simulation software to generate an electromagnetic field to irradiate the electromagnetic bandgap structure. Periodic boundary conditions can be used to simulate an infinite periodic arrangement of isolation units, and the signal changes during the transmission of structural units can be detected using two field monitors. The isolation degree of different electromagnetic bandgap structures to wireless signals can be reflected based on parameter S21. S21 is used to describe the amplitude and phase changes of a signal as it is transmitted from one port to another in a multi-port network.

[0145] For example, simulation software can be used to simulate the electromagnetic characteristics of an scenario where "the antenna module is located on the plastic hinge of a laptop," thereby obtaining the isolation effect of the isolation unit in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the antenna unit includes a first antenna and a second antenna spaced apart. The first and second antennas adopt a multi-band design, which can transmit and receive electromagnetic waves in different frequency ranges. The first antenna can be used to process signals in the 2.4G band, and the second antenna can be used to process signals in the 5G band.

[0146] An isolation unit is provided between the first antenna and the second antenna to isolate the wireless signals between them. The isolation unit can be at least two periodically arranged electromagnetic bandgap structures. The isolation unit and the antenna units can be designed as a co-board unit or separate units. In the separate design scenario, the isolation unit is located close to the first or second antenna. The size and shape of the electromagnetic bandgap structures in the isolation unit are designed based on the center frequencies of the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands to suppress signal propagation in both bands. Each pair of electromagnetic bandgap structures in the isolation unit can be arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner. Each electromagnetic bandgap structure can isolate 5 GHz signals, and the two periodically arranged structures work together to isolate 2.4 GHz signals, preventing mutual interference between different signals and achieving isolation between low frequencies (2400MHz-2480MHz) and high frequencies (5150-5850MHz).

[0147] The isolation unit exhibits negative permeability or equivalent permittivity in both the first and second frequency bands. In this embodiment, the length of the electromagnetic bandgap structure can be designed based on the center frequency of the 5G band. The length of the electromagnetic bandgap structure in the current scenario can be determined using the following formula.

[0148] Taking the first electromagnetic bandgap structure with six branches as an example, the ideal length l of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure is... 电 The expression is:

[0149]

[0150] Where f is the operating frequency (i.e., the center frequency of the 5G band), λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave at the operating frequency, and c is the speed of light in a vacuum. l1, l2, ..., l6 are the lengths of each branch structure after at least some of the branches in the electromagnetic bandgap structure are bent.

[0151] Equivalent length l 物 The expression can be:

[0152]

[0153] in, The relative permittivity of the first dielectric substrate is given, and the isolation unit is disposed on the first dielectric substrate.

[0154] Target length l tol The expression can be:

[0155]

[0156] Where 0.8 is the value of the adjustment coefficient.

[0157] In this embodiment, the target widths of the first and second electromagnetic bandgap structures are determined based on the 5G frequency band.

[0158] See Figure 11 When a single electromagnetic bandgap structure is used, the S21 parameter mainly exists in high-frequency stubs, i.e., the 5G band. This means that within this band, the electromagnetic bandgap structure has a more significant signal isolation effect.

[0159] Two electromagnetic bandgap structures can be connected to form a combined structure with a centrally symmetric or axisymmetric shape. Each electromagnetic bandgap structure in the combined structure retains its original electromagnetic characteristics (i.e., the primary characteristic of isolating 5G band signals), while the combined structure also possesses the secondary characteristic of isolating 2.4G band signals, thus simultaneously addressing the isolation issue between 2.4G and 5G band signals. The electromagnetic bandgap structures within the same combined structure can be connected using methods such as circuit connection, capacitive reactance connection, or direct connection.

[0160] See Figure 12 When using isolation units comprising at least two periodically arranged electromagnetic bandgap structures, the S21 parameter not only exists in high-frequency stubs (5GHz-7GHz band) but also exhibits good isolation performance in the 2.4GHz band (2.4GHz-2.5GHz). Therefore, the isolation units employing at least two periodically arranged electromagnetic bandgap structures in this disclosure can provide effective signal isolation over a wider frequency range. Optimizing the structure of the isolation units effectively extends their operating frequency band and isolation performance.

[0161] Furthermore, the isolation unit may also include isolation stubs. The frequency range of the wireless signals isolated by the isolation stubs may differ from that of the electromagnetic bandgap structure. For example, the isolation stubs may be used to isolate wireless signals in the 2.4 GHz band, working together with the combined structure to improve the isolation of 2.4 GHz signals. Alternatively, the frequency range of the wireless signals isolated by the isolation stubs may differ from both the electromagnetic bandgap structure and the combined structure, further extending the isolation range of the isolation unit and improving the isolation across the entire frequency band.

[0162] The electronic device provided in this disclosure employs a dual-antenna design to effectively improve signal transmission stability, avoiding potential issues with single-antenna designs such as insufficient bandwidth, inefficiency, interference under special environments, resonance shift, or directivity defects leading to reception problems. An isolation unit is provided between the two antennas. By periodically combining the electromagnetic bandgap structures within the isolation unit, the isolation between signals in different frequency bands is effectively improved, reducing mutual interference between antennas of different frequency bands. This allows antennas of different frequency bands to operate independently and stably, fully leveraging their respective advantages.

[0163] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations are not explicitly described in the present disclosure. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments of this disclosure may be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of this disclosure. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this disclosure.

[0164] The embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. However, these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this disclosure, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising: Equipment body; An antenna module disposed on the device body, the antenna module comprising: The antenna element includes a first antenna and a second antenna arranged at intervals. An isolation unit is disposed between the first antenna and the second antenna to isolate the wireless signal between the first antenna and the second antenna; The isolation unit includes at least two periodically arranged electromagnetic bandgap structures, which are capable of isolating wireless signals from at least two different frequency bands between the first antenna and the second antenna.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna module is disposed within the accommodating space formed by the device body, and the isolation unit includes a first dielectric substrate and at least one combination structure formed by a first electromagnetic bandgap structure and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure disposed on a first surface of the first dielectric substrate; In the combined structure, the projection of the branch structures of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure onto the first surface presents a centrally symmetric or axisymmetric figure. And / or, The antenna unit further includes a second dielectric substrate, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are disposed at intervals on the second surface of the second dielectric substrate, and the second surface is in the same plane as the first surface, or the first dielectric substrate is disposed on the second surface.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the device body comprises a first body and a second body rotatably connected, the electronic device further comprises a rotating shaft assembly connecting the first body and the second body to realize relative rotation between the two, the rotating shaft assembly comprises a cavity space formed by a rotating shaft and a rotating shaft housing, and the antenna module is disposed within the cavity space; The antenna unit includes a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate spaced apart, wherein the first antenna is disposed on the third surface of the third dielectric substrate and the second antenna is disposed on the fourth surface of the fourth dielectric substrate. The isolation unit includes at least one combination structure formed by a first electromagnetic bandgap structure and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure disposed on the third surface of the third dielectric substrate or on the fourth surface of the fourth dielectric substrate. In the combined structure, the projections of the branch structures of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure onto the third or fourth surface present a centrally symmetric or axisymmetric figure.

4. The electronic device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein, In the combined structure, the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure are coupled together through at least one of an LC circuit, a capacitor element, and an equivalent capacitor structure to form the combined structure. The combined structure has a first characteristic of isolating wireless signals in a first frequency band range through the first electromagnetic band gap structure or the second electromagnetic band gap structure, and a second characteristic of isolating wireless signals in a second frequency band range through the first electromagnetic band gap structure and the second electromagnetic band gap structure in cooperation, wherein the minimum frequency point of the first frequency band range is greater than the maximum frequency point of the second frequency band range.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein, Both the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure are centrally symmetrical graphic structures formed by bending and / or splicing at least one metal patch in different directions. The second electromagnetic bandgap structure and the first electromagnetic bandgap structure have the same structural parameters. or, Both the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure are self-asymmetric graphic structures formed by bending and / or splicing at least one metal patch in different directions, and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure and the first electromagnetic bandgap structure are mirror images of each other.

6. The electronic device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein, The isolation unit further includes an isolation stub disposed between the antenna unit and the combined structure, wherein the frequency band range of the wireless signal isolated between the first antenna and the second antenna by the isolation stub is different from the frequency band range isolated by the combined structure; And / or, The spacing between the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure is 0.8λ~1.1λ, where λ is the center wavelength of the antenna element.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, wherein the isolation unit comprises two combined structures spaced apart between the first antenna and the second antenna; Both the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure include a first L-shaped stub, a second L-shaped stub, a third L-shaped stub, and a fourth L-shaped stub connected end to end in sequence, wherein, The two sub-branches of the second L-shaped branch have the same length, the two sub-branches of the third L-shaped branch have the same length, and the width of the first sub-branch of the fourth L-shaped branch is greater than the width of the second sub-branch. And / or, The frequency range of the wireless signals isolated by the combined structure is 2400MHz-2480MHz and 5150MHz-5850MHz.

8. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the isolation unit comprises: The first dielectric block has a polyhedral structure. At least one set of combined structures formed by a first electromagnetic bandgap structure and a second electromagnetic bandgap structure disposed on at least two surfaces of the polyhedral structure, wherein there may or may not be an electrical connection between the first electromagnetic bandgap structure and the second electromagnetic bandgap structure. When electrical resonance occurs, the combined structure exhibits a negative equivalent permittivity or equivalent permeability. And / or, The device body includes a display portion consisting of a housing and a display screen, and the antenna module is disposed within the accommodating space formed by the display portion, wherein at least a portion of the housing constituting the accommodating space is made of an insulating material or the accommodating space has an opening.

9. The electronic device according to claim 3, wherein the isolation unit further comprises a second dielectric block disposed on the third surface of the third dielectric substrate or on the fourth surface of the fourth dielectric substrate, and a metamaterial structure formed by multiple branch structures disposed on multiple surfaces of the polyhedral structure of the second dielectric block, wherein there may be or may not be electrical connections between the multiple branch structures, and when electrical resonance occurs, the metamaterial structure exhibits the characteristic of negative equivalent dielectric constant or equivalent permeability. And / or, The dielectric constant of the second dielectric block is greater than that of the third dielectric substrate or the fourth dielectric substrate, and the metamaterial structure is a three-dimensional structure formed by multiple branch structures disposed on the second dielectric block.

10. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the target length of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure is determined based on their respective operating frequency band, the relative permittivity of the first dielectric substrate, and an adjustment coefficient; and / or, The target width of the first electromagnetic bandgap structure or the second electromagnetic bandgap structure is determined based on their respective operating frequency bands, and the frequency band range of the wireless signals that can be isolated is adjusted by adjusting the target width.

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