High-speed permanent magnet motor integrated three-dimensional efficient cooling system and cooling method

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated three-dimensional efficient cooling system and method for a high-speed permanent magnet motor. The integrated three-dimensional efficient cooling system comprises a double-oil-way circulation assembly, a stator iron core annular cooling spraying assembly, a shaft core double-end spraying assembly and a bearing directional cooling assembly. The double-oil-way circulation assembly forms an oil way A and an oil way B which are independent of each other, the oil way A is communicated with the front bearing directional cooling assembly, the oil way B is communicated with the stator iron core annular cooling spraying assembly, the shaft core double-end spraying assembly and the rear bearing directional cooling assembly, and the stator and the shaft core spraying assembly form an inner and outer double-circulation three-dimensional heat dissipation structure. According to the high-power-density high-speed permanent magnet motor, the heat dissipation efficiency is high, cooling is uniform, the structure is compact and integrated, the service life of key components of the motor can be prolonged, and the high-power-density high-speed permanent magnet motor is suitable for the high-power-density high-speed permanent magnet motor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of high-speed permanent magnet motor cooling technology, and particularly relates to a high-speed permanent magnet motor integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system and a cooling method. BACKGROUND

[0002] High-speed permanent magnet motors have high power density and high efficiency, and are widely used in new energy vehicle driving, aircraft engines, high-speed compressors and other fields. The motors usually operate at a speed higher than 10,000 rpm, and high heat load problems such as winding copper loss, iron core eddy current loss and permanent magnet temperature rise are caused. If cooling is not timely or uniform, the motor performance is easily reduced, key components are damaged, and even serious faults such as permanent magnet demagnetization are caused. Therefore, the cooling technology is one of the core technologies to ensure the reliable operation of the high-speed permanent magnet motor.

[0003] At present, the mainstream cooling technology of high-speed permanent magnet motors mainly includes the following types: Air cooling technology: mainly used for low-power high-speed motors or industrial equipment working intermittently for a short time. Air flow is generated by independent fans or shaft integrated fans, or heat is dissipated by designing flow guide grooves in the motor shell or using air gap ventilation. However, this technology has obvious defects. On the one hand, the heat dissipation capacity is limited, and the heat of the rotor needs to be transferred through a long path of air gap-stator-outer shell, resulting in a large thermal resistance and a rotor temperature rise of more than 120°C, which easily causes irreversible demagnetization of neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets. On the other hand, the fan or rotor blade rotating at high speed will generate turbulence and resonance, and the insufficient stiffness of the motor shell will amplify the vibration, causing serious vibration and noise problems. 2. Liquid cooling technology: suitable for high-power density permanent magnet motors and industrial high-speed motors that need to be continuously operated, including shell water cooling, stator direct cooling and rotor internal cooling. However, the liquid cooling technology faces the risk of insulation failure of the stator internal cooling pipe. Due to the large difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the cooling pipe and the winding copper wire, repeated temperature changes will cause interface peeling. At the same time, under high-speed rotation, the rotor internal liquid cooling channel is affected by centrifugal force, and the cooling liquid is unevenly distributed. The traditional hollow shaft design lacks a self-adaptive flow regulation mechanism, making it difficult to solve the rotor cooling problem. 3. Oil cooling technology: commonly used for gearbox integrated high-speed motors and heavy-duty industrial motors, mainly including spray oil cooling, immersion oil cooling and composite cooling. However, oil viscosity loss will reduce the motor efficiency, and high-viscosity lubricating oil will form a shear resistance layer at high speed, increasing mechanical loss. Moreover, the flow of oil in the complex cavity is limited, and the oil in the spray oil cooling is easily thrown to the outer shell by centrifugal force, resulting in a temperature difference of up to 30°C between the stator end and the middle part, and a local overheating problem. 4. Phase Change Cooling and New Technologies: Suitable for extreme operating conditions or micro high-speed motors, including phase change material encapsulation, heat pipe technology, and nanofluid cooling. However, phase change materials may delaminate after multiple solid-liquid phase changes, resulting in decreased thermal conductivity; heat pipes are prone to weld cracking under high-speed vibration; long-term deposition of nanoparticles can clog microchannels; and these technologies are also costly and their reliability needs improvement. In summary, the existing high-speed permanent magnet motor cooling technology has the following technical problems: 1. Insufficient cooling efficiency leads to excessively high overall motor temperature, which can easily cause faults such as demagnetization of permanent magnets and aging of winding insulation; 2. Uneven cooling leads to local hot spots, and excessive temperature differences between the stator ends and the middle, and between the bearings and the windings, which affect the stability of motor operation and service life. Therefore, we propose an integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system and cooling method for high-speed permanent magnet motors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system and cooling method for high-speed permanent magnet motors, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system for a high-speed permanent magnet motor, comprising: A dual oil circuit circulation assembly is installed on the motor housing, forming independent oil circuits A and B to realize the circulation of cooling medium. A stator core annular cooling spray assembly is disposed on the stator core inside the motor housing and is connected to the dual oil circulation assembly for providing full-coverage spray cooling to the inside of the stator core and the outside of the stator windings. A double-end spray assembly for the stator core is mounted on the motor shaft and connected to the oil circuit B, and is used to spray and cool the inner side of the stator winding. The stator core annular cooling spray assembly and the shaft core double-end spray assembly form an internal and external double-circulation three-dimensional heat dissipation structure. A bearing directional cooling assembly is respectively installed on the front end cover and the rear end cover of the motor housing and is connected to the oil circuit A and the oil circuit B respectively, for directional jet cooling of the front bearing and the rear bearing in the motor housing respectively.

[0006] Preferably, the dual oil circuit circulation assembly includes an oil circuit A inlet, an oil circuit B inlet, an oil circuit A housing oil passage, an oil circuit B housing oil passage, an oil pan, an oil circuit A outlet, and an oil circuit B outlet; Both the oil circuit A inlet and the oil circuit B inlet are located at the upper end of the motor housing. Both the oil circuit A housing oil passage and the oil circuit B housing oil passage are opened inside the motor housing and are independent of each other, and are respectively connected to the oil circuit A inlet and the oil circuit B inlet. The stator core annular cooling spray assembly is connected to the oil inlet B on the dual oil circulation assembly, the shaft core double-end spray assembly is connected to the oil passage B housing oil passage on the dual oil circulation assembly, and the two bearing directional cooling assemblies are respectively connected to the oil passage A housing oil passage and the oil passage B housing oil passage on the dual oil circulation assembly. The oil pan is located at the bottom of the motor housing. Both the oil circuit A outlet and the oil circuit B outlet are located at the bottom of the oil pan. The oil circuit A outlet and the oil circuit A inlet are circulated and connected through the oil circuit A pump circulation system, and the oil circuit B outlet and the oil circuit B inlet are circulated and connected through the oil circuit B pump circulation system.

[0007] Preferably, the stator core annular cooling spray assembly includes a stator core annular oil channel and spray holes on the outer side of the winding; The stator core annular oil passage is opened inside the stator core and is sealed and connected to the oil passage in the housing B. The stator core annular oil passage has a plurality of spray holes extending outward toward the outside of the stator winding evenly opened along the circumference. The spacing of the spray holes on the outside of the winding is adjusted according to the heat load distribution of the stator winding.

[0008] Preferably, the spray holes on the outer side of the winding are microporous structures with a diameter of 0.5-1.2 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the shaft core double-end spray assembly includes a rear end cover oil passage, a shaft inlet oil passage, an inner shaft oil passage, a front end spray port, and a rear end spray port. The rear end cover has an oil passage and an inlet shaft oil passage that are connected to the oil passage of the housing in oil circuit B. The motor shaft has an internal oil passage that is connected to the inlet shaft oil passage. The motor shaft has a front end spray nozzle and a rear end spray nozzle respectively at the positions corresponding to the two ends of the inner side of the stator winding. Both the front spray nozzle and the rear spray nozzle of the shaft are connected to the oil passage inside the shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the bearing directional cooling assembly includes a front bearing directional cooling assembly and a rear bearing directional cooling assembly; The front bearing directional cooling assembly is mounted on the front end cover and is connected to the oil passage A housing oil passage on the dual oil passage circulation assembly, for directional jet cooling of the front bearing; The rear bearing directional cooling assembly is disposed on the rear end cover and communicates with the oil passage of the rear end cover for directional jet cooling of the rear bearing.

[0011] Preferably, the front bearing directional cooling assembly includes an oil passage connecting the front cover and the housing, and an oil passage for the front cover. The oil passage connecting the front cover and the housing is located between the motor housing and the front cover, and is connected to the housing oil passage of oil passage A. The oil passage of the front cover is located inside the front cover, and the spray direction of the oil passage of the front cover is distributed towards the bearing balls and cage of the front bearing.

[0012] Preferably, the rear bearing directional cooling assembly includes a bearing oil passage and a rear bearing spray oil port; The rear end cover is also provided with a bearing oil passage that is sealed and connected to the oil passage of the rear end cover, and the bearing oil passage is provided with a rear bearing spray oil port that sprays oil toward the rear bearing.

[0013] Preferably, the rear bearing spray nozzle has a fan-shaped nozzle structure.

[0014] An integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling method for high-speed permanent magnet motors, based on an integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system for high-speed permanent magnet motors, includes the following steps: S1: Simultaneously start the external oil circuit A pump circulation system and oil circuit B pump circulation system of the dual oil circuit circulation component, with independent circulation of the two cooling media and controllable flow rate; S2: Directional cooling of the front bearing: The oil circuit A pump circulation system drives the cooling medium to enter the oil circuit A housing oil passage through the oil circuit A inlet, and then guides it into the front cover oil passage through the oil passage connecting the front cover and the housing. By adjusting the inclination angle of the front cover oil passage, the cooling medium can accurately cover the balls and cage of the front bearing to achieve directional cooling. S3: Stator winding outer side cooling: The oil circuit B pump circulation system drives the cooling medium to enter the oil circuit B housing oil passage through the oil circuit B inlet. The first cooling medium is injected into the stator core annular oil passage inside the stator core. After circulating along the annular oil passage, it passes through the winding outer side spray holes that are evenly distributed along the circumference and the spacing is adapted to the winding heat load. A uniform oil film is formed in the form of micro-hole spray to fully cover the outer side of the stator winding for spray cooling. S4: Stator winding inner cooling: The second cooling medium driven by the oil circuit B pump circulation system is delivered to the oil circuit B housing oil passage. It enters the inner oil passage of the motor shaft through the rear end cover oil passage and the shaft inlet oil passage. It is sprayed bidirectionally to the inner side of the stator winding through the front end spray port and the rear end spray port of the shaft, forming a three-dimensional heat dissipation path of axial + radial, which forms an internal and external double circulation cooling with step S3. S5: Rear bearing directional cooling: The oil circuit B pump circulation system drives the cooling medium to the third cooling medium in the oil circuit B housing oil passage. After passing through the rear end cover oil passage and the bearing passage, the cooling medium is sprayed into the raceway gap of the rear bearing through the fan-shaped nozzle structure of the rear bearing spray oil port. The lubrication and cooling effects are achieved through gap guidance. S6: Cooling medium return circulation: After heat exchange, the cooling medium of oil circuit A flows into the oil pan along the front cover guide groove, and the cooling medium of oil circuit B flows into the oil pan along the gap of the motor housing, the gap of the motor shaft and the guide groove of the rear cover. The two cooling media return to the circulation system of oil circuit A pump and oil circuit B pump through the outlet of oil circuit A and the outlet of oil circuit B respectively. After cooling and filtration, they re-enter the circulation to achieve continuous and efficient cooling.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. High heat dissipation efficiency and good cooling uniformity: The stator core annular cooling spray assembly and the shaft core double-end spray assembly form an internal and external double circulation three-dimensional heat dissipation structure. Oil circuit B simultaneously achieves full coverage spraying on the outer and inner sides of the stator winding. Oil circuit A focuses on front bearing cooling, and rear bearing cooling works in conjunction with oil circuit B. Multi-area coordinated heat dissipation avoids the formation of local hot spots, which greatly improves the heat transfer efficiency of the winding and effectively solves the problems of excessive temperature and uneven cooling of high-speed permanent magnet motors. 2. Compact and integrated structure with strong adaptability: The oil circuit of the cooling system (oil passage in the housing, oil passage in the shaft, and oil passage in the end cover) is highly integrated with the main structure of the motor, eliminating the need for an external heat dissipation module. It achieves precise heat dissipation throughout the entire area while maintaining the compactness of the electromechanical structure, making it particularly suitable for high power density and miniaturized high-speed permanent magnet motor applications. This solves the problem of traditional cooling systems being scattered and occupying a large amount of space. 3. Extended lifespan of key components: The bearing directional cooling assembly adopts precision spraying and gap guidance. The front bearing is independently cooled through oil circuit A, while the rear bearing expands the coverage area through fan-shaped nozzles. The cooling medium can accurately cover the bearing friction parts, optimize the distribution of lubricating oil film, and reduce friction temperature rise. At the same time, the dual oil circuits circulate independently to avoid mixing of hot and cold media, ensuring maximum utilization of cooling media, significantly extending the service life of key components such as stator windings and bearings, and improving the reliability and economy of motor operation. 4. Stable operation and low loss: The flow rate of the dual oil circuit circulation system is independently controllable, and the flow rate of the cooling medium can be dynamically adjusted according to different operating conditions of the motor to avoid energy loss caused by excessive cooling; moreover, the cooling medium adopts oil cooling, which reduces oil viscosity loss by optimizing the oil circuit structure and spraying method compared with traditional oil cooling technology, thus balancing the cooling effect and motor operating efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a side sectional view of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Motor housing; 2. Stator core; 3. Stator winding; 4. Motor shaft; 5. Front cover; 6. Rear cover; 7. Front bearing; 8. Rear bearing; 9. Oil circuit A inlet; 10. Oil circuit B inlet; 11. Oil circuit A housing oil passage; 12. Oil circuit B housing oil passage; 13. Oil pan; 14. Oil circuit A outlet; 15. Oil circuit B outlet; 16. Stator core annular oil passage; 17. Spray hole on the outside of the winding; 18. Rear cover oil passage; 19. Shaft inlet oil passage; 20. Shaft inner oil passage; 21. Shaft front spray port; 22. Shaft rear spray port; 23. Front cover and housing connection oil passage; 24. Front cover oil passage; 25. Bearing inlet oil passage; 26. Rear bearing spray port. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figures 1-5 The high-speed permanent magnet motor integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system provided by this invention includes a dual oil circuit circulation assembly, a stator core annular cooling spray assembly, a shaft core double-end spray assembly, and a bearing directional cooling assembly. Dual oil circuit circulation assembly: Installed on the motor housing 1, it is used to achieve independent circulation of the cooling medium, forming mutually independent oil circuits A and B, including oil circuit A inlet 9, oil circuit B inlet 10, oil circuit A housing oil passage 11, oil circuit B housing oil passage 12, oil pan 13, oil circuit A outlet 14, and oil circuit B outlet 15; wherein, oil circuit A inlet 9 and oil circuit B inlet 10 are both located at the upper end of the motor housing 1, and oil circuit A housing oil passage 11 and oil circuit B housing oil passage 12 are both formed at... Inside the motor housing 1, the oil lines are independent of each other and are connected to oil inlet 9 of oil line A and oil inlet 10 of oil line B, respectively. The oil pan 13 is located at the bottom of the motor housing 1, and oil outlet 14 of oil line A and oil outlet 15 of oil line B are both located at the bottom of the oil pan 13. Oil outlet 14 of oil line A and oil inlet 9 of oil line A are circulated together through the oil line A pump circulation system, and oil outlet 15 of oil line B and oil inlet 10 of oil line B are circulated together through the oil line B pump circulation system. The two circulation systems work independently, and the flow rates can be adjusted separately. Stator core annular cooling spray assembly: Installed on the stator core 2 inside the motor housing 1 and connected to the oil passage B housing oil passage 12 of the dual oil passage circulation assembly, it is used for full-coverage spray cooling of the inside of the stator core 2 and the outside of the stator winding 3. It includes a stator core annular oil passage 16 and winding outer spray holes 17. The stator core annular oil passage 16 is located inside the stator core 2 and is sealed to the oil passage B housing oil passage 12 to ensure no leakage of the cooling medium. The stator core annular oil passage 16 has several winding outer spray holes 17 evenly distributed around its circumference, extending towards the outside of the stator winding 3. The spacing of the winding outer spray holes 17 is adjusted according to the heat load distribution of the stator winding 3 to ensure no dead angles in cooling coverage. The winding outer spray holes 17 have a microporous structure with a diameter of 0.5-1.2mm, which allows the cooling medium to form a uniform oil film, improving heat exchange efficiency. Dual-end spray assembly for the stator core: Installed on the motor shaft 4 and connected to oil circuit B, it is used to spray and cool the inner side of the stator winding 3, forming a three-dimensional heat dissipation structure with the stator core annular cooling spray assembly. It includes a rear end cover oil passage 18, a shaft inlet oil passage 19, an inner shaft oil passage 20, a front end spray port 21, and a rear end spray port 22. The rear end cover 6 has a rear end cover oil passage 18 and a shaft inlet oil passage 19 connected to the housing oil passage 12 of oil circuit B. The motor shaft 4 has an inner shaft oil passage 20 connected to the shaft inlet oil passage 19. The motor shaft 4 has a front end spray port 21 and a rear end spray port 22 at the two ends of the inner side of the stator winding 3, respectively. Both the front end spray port 21 and the rear end spray port 22 are connected to the inner shaft oil passage 20, realizing bidirectional spraying of the inner side of the stator winding 3. Bearing directional cooling components: These are respectively installed on the front cover 5 and rear cover 6 of the motor housing 1, and are connected to oil circuit A and oil circuit B respectively. They are used to provide directional jet cooling for the front bearing 7 and rear bearing 8 inside the motor housing 1, and include a front bearing directional cooling component and a rear bearing directional cooling component. Front bearing directional cooling assembly: Located on the front cover 5 and connected to the oil passage A housing oil passage 11 of the dual oil passage circulation assembly, including the front cover and housing connection oil passage 23 and the front cover oil passage 24; the front cover and housing connection oil passage 23 is located between the motor housing 1 and the front cover 5 and is connected to the oil passage A housing oil passage 11; the front cover oil passage 24 is located inside the front cover 5, and the spray direction of the front cover oil passage 24 is towards the bearing balls and cage of the front bearing 7, ensuring that the cooling medium accurately covers the friction parts; Rear bearing directional cooling assembly: It is installed on the rear end cover 6 and communicates with the rear end cover oil passage 18. It includes a bearing oil passage 25 and a rear bearing spray oil port 26. The rear end cover 6 is also provided with a bearing oil passage 25 that is sealed and communicates with the rear end cover oil passage 18. The bearing oil passage 25 is provided with a rear bearing spray oil port 26 that sprays towards the rear bearing 8. The rear bearing spray oil port 26 has a fan-shaped nozzle structure, which can expand the oil film coverage area and optimize the lubrication and cooling effect by combining gap guiding technology.

[0020] The high-speed permanent magnet motor integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling method provided by this invention is based on the above-mentioned cooling system and includes the following steps: S1: Simultaneously start the external oil circuit A pump circulation system and oil circuit B pump circulation system of the dual oil circuit circulation component. The two cooling media circulate independently and the flow rate can be adjusted according to the motor heat load requirements. S2: Directional cooling of front bearing: The oil circuit A pump circulation system drives the cooling medium to enter the oil circuit A housing oil passage 11 through the oil circuit A inlet 9, and then through the front cover and housing connection oil passage 23 to the front cover oil passage 24. By adjusting the inclination angle of the front cover oil passage 24, the cooling medium can accurately cover the balls and cage of the front bearing 7 to achieve directional cooling and reduce friction temperature rise. S3: Stator winding outer side cooling: The oil circuit B pump circulation system drives the cooling medium to enter the oil circuit B housing oil passage 12 through the oil circuit B inlet 10. The first cooling medium is injected into the stator core annular oil passage 16 inside the stator core 2. After circulating along the annular oil passage, it passes through the winding outer side spray holes 17 that are evenly distributed along the circumference and the spacing is adapted to the winding heat load. A uniform oil film is formed in the form of micro-hole spray, which fully covers the outer side of the stator winding 3 and the surface of the stator core 2 for spray cooling, completing the first heat exchange. S4: Stator winding inner cooling: The oil circuit B pump circulation system drives the cooling medium to the second cooling medium in the oil circuit B housing oil passage 12. The cooling medium enters the inner oil passage 20 of the motor shaft 4 through the rear end cover oil passage 18 and the shaft inlet oil passage 19. It is sprayed bidirectionally to the inner side of the stator winding 3 through the front end spray port 21 and the rear end spray port 22 of the shaft, forming a three-dimensional heat dissipation path of axial + radial. This forms an internal and external double circulation cooling with step S3, completing the second heat exchange. S5: Rear bearing directional cooling: The oil circuit B pump circulation system drives the cooling medium to the third cooling medium in the oil circuit B housing oil passage 12. After passing through the rear end cover oil passage 18 and the bearing oil passage 25, it is sprayed into the raceway gap of the rear bearing 8 through the rear bearing spray oil port 26 with a fan-shaped nozzle structure. Combined with the gap guiding technology, the lubrication and cooling synergy is achieved, and the third heat exchange is completed. S6: Cooling medium return circulation: After heat exchange, the cooling medium of oil circuit A flows into the oil pan 13 along the guide groove of the front cover 5. The cooling medium of oil circuit B flows into the oil pan 13 along the gap of motor housing 1, the gap of motor shaft 4 and the guide groove of rear cover 6 respectively. The two cooling media return to the corresponding oil circuit A pump circulation system and oil circuit B pump circulation system through oil circuit A outlet 14 and oil circuit B outlet 15 respectively. After cooling and filtration, they re-enter the circulation to achieve continuous and efficient cooling.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. High heat dissipation efficiency and good cooling uniformity: The stator core annular cooling spray assembly and the shaft core double-end spray assembly form an internal and external double circulation three-dimensional heat dissipation structure. Oil circuit B simultaneously achieves full coverage spraying on the outer and inner sides of the stator winding. Oil circuit A focuses on front bearing cooling, and rear bearing cooling works in conjunction with oil circuit B. Multi-area coordinated heat dissipation avoids the formation of local hot spots, which greatly improves the heat transfer efficiency of the winding and effectively solves the problems of excessive temperature and uneven cooling of high-speed permanent magnet motors. 2. Compact and integrated structure with strong adaptability: The oil passages of the cooling system, including the housing oil passages, shaft oil passages, and end cover oil passages, are highly integrated with the main structure of the motor, eliminating the need for external heat dissipation modules. It achieves precise heat dissipation throughout the entire area while maintaining the compactness of the electromechanical structure, making it particularly suitable for high power density and miniaturized high-speed permanent magnet motor applications. This solves the problem of traditional cooling systems being scattered and occupying a large amount of space. 3. Extended lifespan of key components: The bearing directional cooling assembly adopts precision spraying and gap guidance. The front bearing is independently cooled through oil circuit A, while the rear bearing expands the coverage area through fan-shaped nozzles. The cooling medium can accurately cover the bearing friction parts, optimize the distribution of lubricating oil film, and reduce friction temperature rise. At the same time, the dual oil circuits circulate independently to avoid mixing of hot and cold media, ensuring maximum utilization of cooling media, significantly extending the service life of key components such as stator windings and bearings, and improving the reliability and economy of motor operation. 4. Stable operation and low loss: The flow rate of the dual oil circuit circulation system is independently controllable, and the flow rate of the cooling medium can be dynamically adjusted according to different operating conditions of the motor to avoid energy loss caused by excessive cooling; moreover, the cooling medium adopts oil cooling, which reduces oil viscosity loss by optimizing the oil circuit structure and spraying method compared with traditional oil cooling technology, thus balancing the cooling effect and motor operating efficiency.

[0022] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-speed permanent magnet motor integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system, characterized in that, include: A dual oil circuit circulation assembly is installed on the motor housing (1) to form independent oil circuits A and B, which are used to realize the circulation of cooling medium. The stator core annular cooling spray assembly is installed on the stator core (2) inside the motor housing (1) and is connected to the dual oil circuit circulation assembly for full-coverage spray cooling of the inside of the stator core (2) and the outside of the stator winding (3). The shaft core double-end spray assembly is installed on the motor shaft (4) and connected to the oil circuit B, and is used to spray and cool the inside of the stator winding (3). The stator core annular cooling spray assembly and the shaft core double-end spray assembly form an internal and external double-circulation three-dimensional heat dissipation structure. The bearing directional cooling assembly is respectively installed on the front end cover (5) and the rear end cover (6) of the motor housing (1) and is connected to the oil circuit A and the oil circuit B respectively, for directional jet cooling of the front bearing (7) and the rear bearing (8) in the motor housing (1).

2. The integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system for a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual oil circuit circulation assembly includes an oil circuit A inlet (9), an oil circuit B inlet (10), an oil circuit A housing oil passage (11), an oil circuit B housing oil passage (12), an oil pan (13), an oil circuit A outlet (14), and an oil circuit B outlet (15). The oil circuit A inlet (9) and the oil circuit B inlet (10) are both located at the upper end of the motor housing (1). The oil circuit A housing oil passage (11) and the oil circuit B housing oil passage (12) are both opened inside the motor housing (1) and are independent of each other, and are respectively connected to the oil circuit A inlet (9) and the oil circuit B inlet (10). The stator core annular cooling spray assembly is connected to the oil inlet (10) of the dual oil circulation assembly, the shaft core double-end spray assembly is connected to the oil passage B housing oil passage (12) of the dual oil circulation assembly, and the two bearing directional cooling assemblies are respectively connected to the oil passage A housing oil passage (11) and the oil passage B housing oil passage (12) of the dual oil circulation assembly; The oil pan (13) is located at the bottom of the motor housing (1). The oil circuit A outlet (14) and the oil circuit B outlet (15) are both located at the bottom of the oil pan (13). The oil circuit A outlet (14) and the oil circuit A inlet (9) are circulated together through the oil circuit A pump circulation system. The oil circuit B outlet (15) and the oil circuit B inlet (10) are circulated together through the oil circuit B pump circulation system.

3. The integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system for a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stator core annular cooling spray assembly includes a stator core annular oil channel (16) and a spray hole (17) on the outer side of the winding. The stator core annular oil passage (16) is opened inside the stator core (2) and is sealed and connected to the oil passage B housing oil passage (12); the stator core annular oil passage (16) is evenly provided with a number of outer spray holes (17) extending towards the outside of the stator winding (3) along the circumference, and the spacing of the outer spray holes (17) is adjusted according to the heat load distribution of the stator winding (3).

4. The integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system for a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spray holes (17) on the outer side of the winding are microporous structures with a diameter of 0.5-1.2 mm.

5. The integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system for a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shaft core double-end spray assembly includes a rear end cover oil passage (18), a shaft inlet oil passage (19), an inner shaft oil passage (20), a front end spray port (21), and a rear end spray port (22). The rear end cover (6) is provided with the rear end cover oil passage (18) and the inlet shaft oil passage (19) which are connected to the oil passage (12) of the housing of the oil passage B. The motor shaft (4) is provided with the shaft inner oil passage (20) which is connected to the inlet shaft oil passage (19). The motor shaft (4) is provided with the shaft front end spray port (21) and the shaft rear end spray port (22) at the positions corresponding to the two ends of the inner side of the stator winding (3). The front spray port (21) and the rear spray port (22) of the shaft are both connected to the oil passage (20) inside the shaft.

6. The integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system for a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bearing directional cooling assembly includes a front bearing directional cooling assembly and a rear bearing directional cooling assembly; The front bearing directional cooling assembly is mounted on the front end cover (5) and is connected to the oil passage A housing oil passage (11) on the dual oil passage circulation assembly, for directional jet cooling of the front bearing (7); The rear bearing directional cooling assembly is disposed on the rear end cover (6) and communicates with the oil passage (18) of the rear end cover, for directional jet cooling of the rear bearing (8).

7. The integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system for a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front bearing directional cooling assembly includes an oil passage (23) connecting the front cover and the housing and an oil passage (24) for the front cover. The front cover and housing connecting oil passage (23) is located between the motor housing (1) and the front cover (5) and is connected to the housing oil passage (11) of oil passage A. The front cover oil passage (24) is located inside the front cover (5) and the spray direction of the front cover oil passage (24) is towards the bearing balls and cage of the front bearing (7).

8. The integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system for a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rear bearing directional cooling assembly includes a bearing oil passage (25) and a rear bearing spray oil port (26). The rear end cover (6) is also provided with a bearing oil passage (25) that is sealed and connected to the rear end cover oil passage (18), and the bearing oil passage (25) is provided with a rear bearing spray oil port (26) that sprays towards the rear bearing (8).

9. The integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system for a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rear bearing spray nozzle (26) has a fan-shaped nozzle structure.

10. A high-speed permanent magnet motor integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling method, implemented based on the high-speed permanent magnet motor integrated three-dimensional high-efficiency cooling system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Simultaneously start the external oil circuit A pump circulation system and oil circuit B pump circulation system of the dual oil circuit circulation component, with independent circulation of the two cooling media and controllable flow rate; S2: Directional cooling of front bearing: The oil circuit A pump circulation system drives the cooling medium to enter the oil circuit A housing oil passage (11) through the oil circuit A inlet (9), and then through the front cover and housing connection oil passage (23) to the front cover oil passage (24). By adjusting the inclination angle of the front cover oil passage (24), the cooling medium can accurately cover the balls and cage of the front bearing (7) to achieve directional cooling. S3: Stator winding outer side cooling: The oil circuit B pump circulation system drives the cooling medium to enter the oil circuit B housing oil passage (12) through the oil circuit B inlet (10). The first cooling medium is injected into the stator core annular oil passage (16) inside the stator core (2). After circulating along the annular oil passage, it passes through the winding outer side spray holes (17) that are evenly distributed along the circumference and whose spacing is adapted to the winding heat load, forming a uniform oil film in the form of micro-hole spray, and implementing full-coverage spray cooling on the outside of the stator winding (3). S4: Stator winding inner cooling: The second cooling medium driven by the oil circuit B pump circulation system is delivered to the oil circuit B housing oil passage (12). It enters the inner oil passage (20) of the motor shaft (4) through the rear end cover oil passage (18) and the shaft oil passage (19). It is sprayed bidirectionally to the inner side of the stator winding (3) through the front end spray port (21) and the rear end spray port (22) of the shaft, forming a three-dimensional heat dissipation path of axial + radial, forming an internal and external double circulation cooling with step S3; S5: Rear bearing directional cooling: The third cooling medium driven by the oil circuit B pump circulation system is delivered to the oil circuit B housing oil passage (12). It passes through the rear end cover oil passage (18) and the bearing oil passage (25), and is sprayed into the raceway gap of the rear bearing (8) through the rear bearing spray oil port (26) with a fan-shaped nozzle structure. The lubrication and cooling effects are achieved through gap guidance. S6: Cooling medium return circulation: After heat exchange, the cooling medium of oil circuit A flows into the oil pan (13) along the guide groove of the front cover (5), and the cooling medium of oil circuit B flows into the oil pan (13) along the gap of the motor housing (1), the gap of the motor shaft (4) and the guide groove of the rear cover (6). The two cooling media return to the oil circuit A pump circulation system and the oil circuit B pump circulation system through the oil circuit A outlet (14) and the oil circuit B outlet (15) respectively. After cooling and filtration, they re-enter the circulation to achieve continuous and efficient cooling.

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