Pump-driven two-phase flow mixed heat dissipation environmental control system with phase change energy storage function

Abstract

The invention discloses a pump-driven two-phase flow mixed heat dissipation environment control system with a phase change energy storage function. The pump-driven two-phase flow mixed heat dissipation environment control system comprises a pump-driven two-phase flow loop system and a phase change energy storage device which are coupled in parallel. A low-temperature liquid-phase working medium circulates in the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system, and the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system converts the low-temperature liquid-phase working medium into a gas-liquid two-phase working medium and conveys the gas-liquid two-phase working medium to the phase change energy storage device; the phase change energy storage device is used for completing cold storage during low-load operation; and the stored cold energy is released during high-load operation of the load to assist in absorbing heat generated during operation of the load. According to the invention, the phase change energy storage device and the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system are dynamically coupled, so that the phase change energy storage device bears most heat consumption when the heat dissipation environmental control system deals with a high-power instantaneous working condition, the heat dissipation capability of the system is improved, the requirements of high-power load short-time ultrahigh duty ratio emission heat dissipation and periodic heat change load heat dissipation can be met, and the service life of the system is prolonged. The heat dissipation problem of the satellite-borne load with myriawatt-level heat consumption is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of two-phase flow thermal control technology for spacecraft. More specifically, this invention relates to a pump-driven two-phase flow hybrid heat dissipation and environmental control system with phase change energy storage function. Background Technology

[0002] High-power lasers and phased array antennas in spacecraft equipment are core components for spacecraft to perform missions. With the rapid development of military and aerospace technologies, the performance of advanced payloads such as high-power lasers and phased array antennas has been continuously improved. However, the high heat flux density heat dissipation problem has become a key technical bottleneck restricting their reliable operation.

[0003] High-power lasers, phased array antennas, radars, and other loads are constantly in a state of ultra-high duty cycle emission, accompanied by periodic heat load fluctuations. When they generate heat, they have problems such as large short-term heat generation, concentrated heat, and high heat flux density. The peak power reaches the tens of thousands of watts, which places high demands on the heat dissipation capacity and temperature uniformity of the cooling system. In addition, the large-scale periodic changes in heat load also exacerbate the difficulty of matching the cooling system with the load requirements. At the same time, spacecraft have very strict restrictions on the volume, weight, and size of the payload, and it is not possible to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the cooling system by expanding the radiator area of ​​the cooling system indefinitely.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a heat dissipation system with strong heat dissipation capacity, good temperature uniformity, and adaptability to periodic changing heat loads. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a pump-driven two-phase flow hybrid heat dissipation and environmental control system with phase change energy storage function that has strong heat dissipation capacity, good temperature uniformity, and can adapt to periodic variable heat loads.

[0006] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, a pump-driven two-phase flow hybrid heat dissipation control system with phase change energy storage function is provided, comprising a pump-driven two-phase flow loop system and a phase change energy storage device coupled in parallel; a cryogenic liquid working fluid circulates within the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system, which absorbs the heat generated by the load operation through the circulating cryogenic liquid working fluid; the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system is also used to convert the cryogenic liquid working fluid into a gas-liquid two-phase working fluid and deliver it to the phase change energy storage device. The phase change energy storage device is used to absorb the cold energy of the gas-liquid two-phase working fluid to complete the cold storage when the load is low; and to release the stored cold energy when the load is high to assist the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system in absorbing the heat generated by the load operation.

[0007] Preferably, the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system includes a controller, a liquid cooling plate, a preheater, a regenerator, a drive pump, a liquid reservoir, and a radiator; the liquid cooling plate is attached to the load heating surface, and the liquid reservoir is used to deliver a low-temperature liquid working medium into the liquid cooling plate; the low-temperature liquid working medium in the liquid cooling plate absorbs the heat generated by the load and is converted into a gas-liquid two-phase working medium. The liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank, the drive pump, the regenerator, the preheater, and the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling plate are connected in series via a first connecting pipe. The liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate, the regenerator, and the radiator are connected in series via a second connecting pipe. The radiator is also connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank via a third connecting pipe. The phase change energy storage device is connected in parallel to the second connecting pipe section located between the regenerator and the radiator via a fourth connecting pipe. An electrically controlled valve is installed on the second connecting pipe section, and the electrically controlled valve is controlled to open and close by a controller. When the load is low, the controller controls the solenoid valve to close; when the load is high, the controller controls the solenoid valve to open.

[0008] Preferably, a drying filter is also connected between the liquid reservoir and the drive pump.

[0009] Preferably, the regenerator includes a shell, which is a hollow cavity structure. Inside the shell, there is a first plate and a second plate. The first plate includes two spaced-apart plate units symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower parts of the shell. The second plate is disposed between the two plate units. Each plate unit has a cooling channel. The cooling channels on both plate units are connected to a first connecting pipe. The second plate has a serpentine channel structure, and the serpentine channel is connected to a second connecting pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid reservoir includes a liquid reservoir body, which is a sealed chamber structure. The liquid inlet and outlet of the liquid reservoir are opened on the liquid reservoir body. A capillary tube is arranged inside the liquid reservoir body. A sintered core is embedded at the inlet end of the capillary tube, and the outlet end is connected to a drive pump. The area at the top of the sintered core in the liquid reservoir body is a gas-liquid two-phase region, and the area at the bottom is a liquid phase region. A cooler is arranged in the gas-liquid two-phase region, and a heater is arranged in the liquid phase region.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid reservoir body is provided with a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor. The first temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor, the cooler and the heater are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller obtains the data monitored by the first temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor to control the operation of the heater and the precooler.

[0012] Preferably, a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor are respectively installed on the first connecting pipe section and the second connecting pipe section located at the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate. A second pressure sensor is also installed on the first connecting pipe section. The second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the second pressure sensor, the drive pump, and the preheater are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller acquires the data monitored by the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, and the second pressure sensor to control the operation of the drive pump and the cooler.

[0013] The present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects: The present invention dynamically couples a phase change energy storage device with a pump-driven two-phase flow loop system. By combining the high-efficiency heat transfer capability of the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system with the transient thermal buffer capability of the phase change energy storage, it achieves transient cooling release of the phase change energy storage and mixed heat dissipation of the two-phase flow. When dealing with high-power instantaneous operating conditions, the phase change energy storage device bears most of the heat loss, improving the system's heat dissipation capacity. It can meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power loads for short-term ultra-high duty cycle transmission and periodic variable heat loads, solving the heat dissipation problem of spaceborne payloads with kilowatt-level heat consumption. It avoids the need to increase the heat dissipation capacity by expanding the radiator area, significantly reducing the volume and weight of the environmental control system, achieving lightweighting of the thermal control system. Alternatively, under the same heat dissipation capacity, it can significantly improve the short-term radiation power of the radar, allowing the radar to transmit at a short-term ultra-high duty cycle. Moreover, the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system has good uniformity, which can meet the load's requirements for temperature uniformity.

[0014] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the invention when operating under low load. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the invention under high load operation. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the phase change energy storage device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the regenerator of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the regenerator of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second plate of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid storage tank of this invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the instruction manual: 1. Drive pump; 2. First temperature sensor; 3. Second temperature sensor; 4. Third temperature sensor; 5. Regenerator; 501. Plate unit; 502. Cooling medium inlet pipe; 503. Cooling medium outlet pipe; 504. Second plate; 505. Hot medium inlet pipe; Hot medium outlet pipe; 6. Preheater; 7. First pressure sensor; 8. Second pressure sensor; 9. Liquid cooling plate; 10. First connecting pipe; 11. Second connecting pipe; 12. Third connecting pipe; 13. Fourth connecting pipe; 14. Dryer filter; 15. Electrically controlled valve; 16. Phase change energy storage device; 17. Radiator; 18. Liquid reservoir; 1801. Liquid reservoir body; 1802. Capillary tube; 1803. Sintered core; 1804. Gas-liquid two-phase region; 1805. Liquid phase region; 1806. Cooler; 1807. Heater. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0017] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0018] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a pump-driven two-phase flow hybrid heat dissipation and control system with phase change energy storage function, including a pump-driven two-phase flow loop system and a phase change energy storage device 16 coupled in parallel; a low-temperature liquid working fluid circulates in the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system, which absorbs the heat generated by the load operation through the circulating low-temperature liquid working fluid; the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system is also used to convert the low-temperature liquid working fluid into a gas-liquid two-phase working fluid and deliver it to the phase change energy storage device 16; The phase change energy storage device 16 is used to absorb the cold energy of the gas-liquid two-phase working fluid to complete the cold storage when the load is low; and to release the stored cold energy when the load is high to assist the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system in absorbing the heat generated by the load operation.

[0019] In the above technical solution, to solve the technical problem of high heat flux density heat dissipation caused by high-power, intermittent working loads, this invention dynamically couples the phase change energy storage device 16 with the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system. By combining the high-efficiency heat transfer capability of the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system with the transient thermal buffer capability of the phase change energy storage, transient cooling release of the phase change energy storage and mixed heat dissipation of the two-phase flow are achieved. When dealing with high-power instantaneous operating conditions, the phase change energy storage device 16 bears most of the heat loss, improving the heat dissipation capacity of the system. It can meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power loads for short-term ultra-high duty cycle transmission and periodic variable heat loads, solving the heat dissipation problem of spaceborne loads with kilowatt-level heat consumption. It avoids the need to increase the heat dissipation capacity by expanding the area of ​​the radiator 17, significantly reducing the volume and weight of the environmental control system, achieving lightweighting of the thermal control system, or significantly improving the short-term radiation power of the radar under the same heat dissipation capacity, allowing the radar to transmit at a short-term ultra-high duty cycle. Moreover, the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system has good uniformity, which can meet the load's requirements for temperature uniformity.

[0020] In another technical solution, the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system includes a controller, a liquid-cooled plate 9, a preheater 6, a regenerator 5, a drive pump 1, a liquid reservoir 18, and a radiator 17; the liquid-cooled plate 9 is attached to the load heating surface, and the liquid reservoir 18 is used to deliver a low-temperature liquid working medium into the liquid-cooled plate 9; the low-temperature liquid working medium in the liquid-cooled plate 9 absorbs the heat generated by the load and is converted into a gas-liquid two-phase working medium. The liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 18, the drive pump 1, the regenerator 5, the preheater 6, and the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling plate 9 are connected in series via the first connecting pipe 10. The liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate 9, the regenerator 5, and the radiator 17 are connected in series via the second connecting pipe 11. The radiator 17 is also connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank 18 via the third connecting pipe 12. The phase change energy storage device 16 is connected in parallel to the second connecting pipe section located between the regenerator 5 and the radiator 17 via the fourth connecting pipe 13. An electrically controlled valve 15 is installed on the second connecting pipe section, and the electrically controlled valve 15 is controlled to open and close by a controller. When the load is low, the controller controls the solenoid valve 15 to close; when the load is high, the controller controls the solenoid valve 15 to open. A drying filter 14 is also connected between the liquid reservoir 18 and the drive pump 1.

[0021] In this technical solution, the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system is coupled in parallel with the phase change energy storage device 16, which can form two adaptive working modes to cope with the wide range of heat dissipation requirements from low load to high load. The phase change energy storage device 16 stores cold at low load and acts as a condenser at high load, absorbing heat under high load conditions and playing a role in peak shaving and valley filling. The remaining heat is dissipated to the outside through the radiator 17, reducing the heat dissipation area of ​​the radiator 17, saving space and reducing the weight of the environmental control system, saving launch costs, and ultimately achieving efficient and compact thermal management of a wide range of fluctuating heat loads. The radiator 17 is a deployable radiator 17, which is installed in the shaded position of the spacecraft.

[0022] The system operates in two adaptive modes: a low-load phase-change energy storage and heat dissipation mode and a high-load hybrid heat dissipation mode. In the low-load phase-change energy storage and heat dissipation mode, when the load heat generation is low, the phase-change energy storage device 16 is charged (stores cold). In the high-load hybrid heat dissipation mode, when the load heat generation is high, the phase-change energy storage device 16 and the radiator 17 are used together for maximum heat dissipation. The system operation process under different modes is as follows: Mode 1: Low-load (standby) phase change cooling and heat dissipation mode like Figure 1 As shown, the cryogenic liquid working fluid in the reservoir 18 is driven by the drive pump 1, and after heat exchange in the regenerator 5, it enters the preheater 6. Power compensation is performed in the preheater 6, and after reaching saturation, it is continuously supplied to the liquid cooling plate 9 through the inlet (if the working fluid at the outlet of the regenerator 5 has reached saturation, the preheater 6 will not start). The saturated working fluid enters the liquid cooling plate 9, absorbs the heat loss from the load, and undergoes a boiling phase change, becoming a gas-liquid two-phase working fluid. The gas-liquid two-phase working fluid flows to the regenerator 5 through the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 9. In the regenerator 5, it exchanges heat with the cryogenic liquid working fluid pumped out by the drive pump 1, bringing the cryogenic liquid working fluid close to saturation. Simultaneously, the gas-liquid two-phase working fluid releases some heat through heat exchange and flows entirely to the phase change energy storage device 16 (at this time, the controller controls the electronically controlled valve 15 to be closed). The gas-liquid two-phase working fluid (in its current state) transfers its heat to the phase change material in the phase change energy storage device 16, causing it to solidify and store cold (at this time, the temperature of the gas-liquid two-phase working fluid is much lower than the phase change point of the phase change material). Then it flows to the radiator 17, through which the remaining heat (heat under low load and heat stored in the phase change energy storage device 16) is dissipated to the outside. At the same time, the gas-liquid two-phase working fluid condenses into a low-temperature liquid working fluid in the radiator 17 and enters the storage tank. Then it enters the drive pump 1 through the dryer filter 14, thus completing the entire heat absorption and release cycle. This process reserves cooling capacity to cope with high load operation. The dryer filter 14 is used to adsorb moisture and impurities in the low-temperature liquid working fluid flowing out of the storage tank 18, to avoid impurities from wearing the pump body, moisture from causing cavitation or corrosion, and to extend the service life of the drive pump 1.

[0023] like Figure 3As shown, the phase change energy storage device 16 has a cuboid structure. Its outer shell is made of 6061 aluminum alloy and fully sealed welding process, which takes into account the weight reduction. The shell is filled with phase change material. In order to solve the problem of low thermal conductivity of phase change material, fins, flow channels and three-dimensional heat conduction skeleton are arranged inside. The internal structure is reconstructed by three-dimensional topology optimization technology to form a continuous heat conduction network and heat transfer chain. A heat exchange interface is provided on the shell for connecting with the fourth connecting pipe to allow the working fluid to flow in the flow channel.

[0024] Mode 2: High-load hybrid cooling mode like Figure 2 As shown, the controller controls the opening of the electronically controlled valve 15; the liquid reservoir 18, according to mode one, becomes a gas-liquid two-phase in the liquid cooling plate 9 and flows to the regenerator 5 to exchange heat with the low-temperature liquid working fluid; after heat exchange, part of the gas-liquid two-phase working fluid flows to the radiator 17 through the second connecting pipe section where the solenoid valve is located, and the other part enters the phase change energy storage device 16. The phase change energy storage device 16 releases the stored cold energy to rapidly cool the gas-liquid two-phase working fluid before it flows to the radiator 17. The two working fluids mix and are further cooled and dissipated by the radiator 17. At the same time, the gas-liquid two-phase working fluid condenses into a low-temperature liquid working fluid in the radiator 17 and enters the liquid storage tank, thus completing the entire heat absorption and release cycle; this mode utilizes the instantaneous strong cooling capacity of the phase change energy storage device 16 to improve the heat exchange performance of the entire system and make up for the problem of insufficient heat dissipation capacity caused by the limited area of ​​the radiator 17.

[0025] In another technical solution, the regenerator 5 includes a shell, which is a hollow cavity structure. Inside the shell, a first plate and a second plate 504 are provided. The first plate includes two spaced-apart plate units 501, which are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower parts of the shell. The second plate 504 is disposed between the two plate units 501. Each plate unit 501 is provided with a cooling channel. The cooling channels on both plate units 501 are connected to the first connecting pipe 10. The second plate 504 has a serpentine channel structure, and the serpentine channel is connected to the second connecting pipe 11.

[0026] In the above technical solutions, such as Figure 4-6As shown, the regenerator 5 adopts a dual-channel design, consisting of an outer shell, two plate units 501, and a second plate 504. The outer peripheries of the two plate units 501 and the second plate 504 are in close contact with the inner periphery of the outer shell. The second plate 504 is located between the two plate units 501 and is in close contact with them. Cooling channels are machined inside each of the two plate units 501. The liquid inlet end of the two cooling channels is connected to the cooling medium inlet pipe 502, and the liquid outlet end is connected to the cooling medium outlet pipe 503. The cooling medium inlet pipe 502 and the cooling medium outlet pipe 503 are connected to the corresponding first connecting pipe sections. The second plate 504 has a symmetrically arranged serpentine channel structure. The liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the serpentine channel are connected to the corresponding second connecting pipes through the hot medium inlet pipe 505 and the hot medium outlet pipe 506, respectively. The cooling medium inlet pipe 502 and outlet pipe are connected to the hot medium inlet pipe 505 and outlet pipe in a cross-shaped arrangement. The cooling channel can be processed into a structure corresponding to the serpentine channel, so that the cold and hot fluids flow in opposite directions at a cross intersection. The gas-liquid two-phase working medium flowing out from the liquid cooling plate 9 enters the serpentine channel of the regenerator 5 through the corresponding second connecting pipe 11 and the hot medium inlet pipe 505. After exchanging heat with the low-temperature liquid working medium from the drive pump 1 through the corresponding first connecting pipe 10 and the cooling medium inlet pipe 502, the temperature drops. Then it flows to the phase change energy storage device 16 through the hot medium outlet pipe 506. After the low-temperature liquid working medium absorbs the heat of the gas-liquid two-phase working medium, the temperature rises. Then it enters the preheater 6 through the cooling medium outlet pipe 503 and the corresponding first connecting pipe section.

[0027] In another technical solution, the liquid reservoir 18 includes a liquid reservoir body 1801, which is a sealed chamber structure. The liquid inlet and outlet of the liquid reservoir 18 are opened on the liquid reservoir body 1801. A capillary tube 1802 is arranged inside the liquid reservoir body 1801. A sintered core 1803 is embedded at the inlet end of the capillary tube 1802, and the outlet end is connected to the drive pump 1. The area at the top of the sintered core 1803 inside the liquid reservoir body 1801 is a gas-liquid two-phase region 1804, and the area at the bottom is a liquid phase region 1805. A cooler 1806 is arranged in the gas-liquid two-phase region 1804, and a heater 1807 is arranged in the liquid phase region 1805.

[0028] In this technical solution, such as Figure 7As shown, the liquid storage tank 18 is a microgravity two-phase temperature-controlled liquid storage tank 18, which consists of a liquid storage body 1801, a capillary tube 1802, a sintered core 1803, a heater 1807, and a cooler 1806. The liquid storage body 1801 is a sealed metal shell, and the sintered core 1803 is disposed inside the metal shell. The sintered core 1803 divides the interior of the liquid storage body 1801 into upper and lower regions, with the upper region being the gas-liquid two-phase region 1804 and the lower region being the liquid phase region 1805. The top of the sintered core 1803 is located within the gas-liquid two-phase region 1804, and the bottom is located within the liquid phase region 1805. The core of the sintered core 1803 is embedded and fixed to the inlet end of the capillary 1802, and the inlet end of the capillary 1802 is located in the core area of ​​the liquid phase region 1805. The outlet end of the capillary 1802 forms an independent cavity region, which is separated from the liquid phase region 1805. The cavity region is connected to the inlet of the drive pump 1 through a pipeline. The sintered core 1803 mainly ensures micro-level stability. Under gravity, the inlet end of capillary 1802 is maintained in the liquid phase region 1805, ensuring that capillary 1802 is always in a liquid-sealed state, thus achieving gas-liquid separation. Capillary 1802 primarily utilizes capillary force to prevent the gas phase in the reservoir 18 from entering the main circuit, avoiding cavitation in the drive pump 1. Furthermore, capillary 1802 can also facilitate the exchange of working fluid between the reservoir 18 and the circuit through micropores. When the drive pump 1 is activated, the microporous structure of capillary 1802 adsorbs low-temperature precipitates from the liquid phase region 1805. The warm liquid working medium and the low-temperature liquid working medium are transported to the cavity area through the micropores of the capillary tube 1802, and then enter the drive pump 1 through the pipeline, and are pumped into the circuit by the drive pump 1; the heater 1807 adopts the form of a heating rod, which is inserted into the liquid reservoir 18 and directly contacts the liquid phase region 1805 to achieve direct and rapid heating; the cooler 1806 adopts the form of a variable heat conduction tube, which is inserted into the liquid reservoir 18 and directly contacts the gas-liquid two-phase region 1804 to achieve rapid pre-cooling and maintain the stability of system pressure and temperature.

[0029] In another technical solution, a first temperature sensor 2 and a first pressure sensor 7 are provided on the liquid reservoir body 1801. The first temperature sensor 2, the first pressure sensor 7, the cooler 1806 and the heater 1807 are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller acquires the data monitored by the first temperature sensor 2 and the first pressure sensor 7 to control the heater 1807 and the cooler 1806 to work.

[0030] In this technical solution, both the first temperature sensor 2 and the first pressure sensor 7 are probe-type sensors, with the probes immersed in the liquid working fluid. In the closed two-phase flow loop system, the liquid reservoir 18 is not only the system's liquid replenishment unit but also its temperature control unit. The working fluid in the liquid reservoir 18 is in a gas-liquid coexistence state. Temperature and system pressure data are monitored in real time by the temperature and pressure sensors. Based on the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, the temperature of the working fluid's evaporation and condensation is controlled by changing the temperature of the liquid reservoir 18 and the system pressure, thereby achieving system temperature control. The system prioritizes pressure control while simultaneously monitoring and judging the temperature in real time. Temperature is collected in real time under pressure control. When the deviation between the measured temperature of the working fluid and the theoretical saturation temperature corresponding to the current pressure exceeds a threshold, temperature control is reverted. At the same time, when a certain signal fails, the corresponding control signal and control logic are automatically switched. Pressure control: The controller presets the target pressure P. 目标 (Based on the system target temperature T) 目标 (The corresponding saturation pressure is determined), when the real-time pressure P monitored by the pressure sensor is... 实 >P 目标 The controller starts the cooler 1806 and opens its associated solenoid valve, cooling the working fluid in the gas-liquid two-phase region 1804 through the cooler 1806, causing the working fluid to enter a subcooled state. According to the phase change equilibrium principle of a closed two-phase system, gas molecules in the liquid reservoir 18 spontaneously condense into the subcooled liquid phase, reducing the proportion of gas and causing the system pressure to drop to the target range; conversely, when P 实 <P 目标 The controller controls the heater 1807 to heat the liquid phase region 1805, raising the temperature of the liquid working fluid. According to the phase change equilibrium principle of a closed two-phase system, the heated working fluid forms a temperature gradient with the working fluid in the gas-liquid two-phase region 1804, heating the working fluid in the gas-liquid two-phase region 1804 and causing the liquid working fluid to vaporize and generate new gas molecules. The total amount of gas molecules in the reservoir 18 increases, and the system pressure rises to the target range.

[0031] Temperature control: The target temperature T is preset based on the phase transition point of the phase change material. 目标 When the real-time temperature T monitored by the temperature sensor 实 >T 目标 The controller controls the cooler 1806 to cool the working fluid in the gas-liquid two-phase region 1804, thereby reducing the system pressure to the target range; conversely, the controller controls the heater 1807 to operate, thereby increasing the system pressure to the target range. And, when T 实 Long-term less than T 目标 Furthermore, heater 1807 is not operating, and the controller determines it to be in a low-load condition. At this time, the system temperature is maintained below the phase change temperature, realizing the cold storage of phase change energy storage device 16; when T 实Frequently exceeding T 目标 Furthermore, the cooler 1806 operates continuously, and the controller determines that it is under high load. At this time, the system temperature is higher than the phase change temperature, and the phase change energy storage device 16 releases cold to assist in cooling.

[0032] In another technical solution, a second temperature sensor 3 and a third temperature sensor 4 are respectively installed on the first connecting pipe 10 section and the second connecting pipe 11 section located at the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate 9. A second pressure sensor 8 is also installed on the first connecting pipe 10 section. The second temperature sensor 3, the third temperature sensor 4, the second pressure sensor 8, the drive pump 1, and the preheater 6 are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller acquires the data monitored by the second temperature sensor 3, the third temperature sensor 4, and the second pressure sensor 8 to control the operation of the drive pump 1 and the preheater 6.

[0033] In this technical solution, the second temperature sensor 3 and the third temperature sensor 4 are used to monitor the temperature at the inlet and outlet of the liquid cooling plate 9, respectively. The controller adjusts the speed of the pump 1 based on the temperature difference T0 between the second temperature sensor 3 and the third temperature sensor 4 to dynamically match the system's heat dissipation requirements. Specifically: The controller has a preset temperature difference setpoint T for drive pump 1 and a set hysteresis value for drive pump 1. When T0 < temperature difference setpoint T - set hysteresis value for drive pump 1, the heat dissipation demand of liquid cooling plate 9 is in a low-load state, the heat absorption capacity of the working fluid is excessive, and there is no need to deliver the working fluid at high speed. According to PID incremental adjustment, drive pump 1 is gradually adjusted to the minimum speed. When the temperature difference setting value T of drive pump 1 is less than the set hysteresis value of drive pump 1, the speed of drive pump 1 remains constant. When T0 ≥ the temperature difference setpoint T of drive pump 1, the system heat dissipation is under high load. According to PID incremental regulation, drive pump 1 is gradually adjusted to the maximum speed to increase the flow rate of low temperature liquid working fluid and enhance the heat dissipation capacity of liquid cooling plate 9.

[0034] The controller also controls the operating state of the preheater 6 based on the temperature T2 monitored by the second temperature sensor 3 and the inlet working fluid saturation temperature. The control logic is as follows: When T2 ≤ inlet working fluid saturation temperature -1℃, it is determined that the working fluid entering the liquid cooling plate 9 is in a subcooled state and the temperature is low, and the controller drives the preheater 6 to start heating. When T2 > the saturation temperature of the inlet working fluid, it is determined that the temperature of the working fluid entering the liquid cooling plate 9 is too high and has reached the saturation temperature. The controller then controls the preheater 6 to stop heating. The inlet working fluid saturation temperature is obtained by comparing the real-time pressure collected by the second pressure sensor 8 with the working fluid saturation temperature and pressure database stored in the controller.

[0035] This invention improves the heat exchange performance of the entire system by setting control logic, enables the system to adapt to different operating conditions, improves the system's response speed, accurately controls the overall operating pressure and temperature of the system, provides a stable operating base for the system, and reduces the energy consumption of the thermal control system.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A pump-driven two-phase flow hybrid heat dissipation and environmental control system with phase change energy storage function, characterized in that, It includes a pump-driven two-phase flow loop system and a phase change energy storage device connected in parallel; the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system has a low-temperature liquid working fluid circulating in it, which absorbs the heat generated by the load operation through the circulating low-temperature liquid working fluid. The pump-driven two-phase flow loop system is also used to convert the low-temperature liquid working fluid into a gas-liquid two-phase working fluid and deliver it to the phase change energy storage device. The phase change energy storage device is used to absorb the cold energy of the gas-liquid two-phase working fluid to complete the cold storage when the load is low; and to release the stored cold energy when the load is high to assist the pump-driven two-phase flow loop system in absorbing the heat generated by the load operation.

2. The pump-driven two-phase flow hybrid heat dissipation and environmental control system with phase change energy storage function as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pump-driven two-phase flow loop system includes a controller, a liquid cooling plate, a preheater, a regenerator, a drive pump, a liquid reservoir, and a radiator. The liquid cooling plate is attached to the load heating surface, and the liquid reservoir is used to deliver a low-temperature liquid working medium into the liquid cooling plate. The low-temperature liquid working medium in the liquid cooling plate absorbs the heat generated by the load and is converted into a gas-liquid two-phase working medium. The liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank, the drive pump, the regenerator, the preheater, and the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling plate are connected in series via a first connecting pipe. The liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate, the regenerator, and the radiator are connected in series via a second connecting pipe. The radiator is also connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank via a third connecting pipe. The phase change energy storage device is connected in parallel to the second connecting pipe section located between the regenerator and the radiator via a fourth connecting pipe. An electrically controlled valve is installed on the second connecting pipe section, and the electrically controlled valve is controlled to open and close by a controller. When the load is low, the controller controls the solenoid valve to close; when the load is high, the controller controls the solenoid valve to open.

3. The pump-driven two-phase flow hybrid heat dissipation and environmental control system with phase change energy storage function as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A drying filter is also connected between the liquid reservoir and the drive pump.

4. The pump-driven two-phase flow hybrid heat dissipation and environmental control system with phase change energy storage function as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The regenerator includes an outer shell, which is a hollow cavity structure. Inside the outer shell, there are a first plate and a second plate. The first plate includes two spaced-apart plate units symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower parts of the outer shell. The second plate is disposed between the two plate units. Each plate unit has a cooling channel. The cooling channels on both plate units are connected to a first connecting pipe. The second plate has a serpentine channel structure, and the serpentine channel is connected to a second connecting pipe.

5. The pump-driven two-phase flow hybrid heat dissipation and environmental control system with phase change energy storage function as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid reservoir includes a reservoir body, which is a sealed chamber structure. The liquid inlet and outlet of the liquid reservoir are located on the reservoir body. A capillary tube is installed inside the reservoir body. A sintered core is embedded at the inlet end of the capillary tube, and the outlet end is connected to a drive pump. The area at the top of the sintered core inside the reservoir body is a gas-liquid two-phase region, and the area at the bottom is a liquid phase region. A cooler is installed in the gas-liquid two-phase region, and a heater is installed in the liquid phase region.

6. The pump-driven two-phase flow hybrid heat dissipation and environmental control system with phase change energy storage function as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The liquid reservoir body is equipped with a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor. The first temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor, the cooler, and the heater are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller acquires the data monitored by the first temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor to control the operation of the heater and the cooler.

7. The pump-driven two-phase flow hybrid heat dissipation and environmental control system with phase change energy storage function as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor are respectively installed on the first connecting pipe section and the second connecting pipe section located at the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate. A second pressure sensor is also installed on the first connecting pipe section. The second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the second pressure sensor, the drive pump, and the preheater are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller acquires the data monitored by the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, and the second pressure sensor to control the operation of the drive pump and the preheater.

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