Fire extinguishing material additive, inorganic powder fire extinguishing material and preparation method of inorganic powder fire extinguishing material
By using fire extinguishing material additives to rapidly foam inorganic powder at a high ratio, forming a foam solid that isolates air, absorbs heat, and dilutes oxygen, thus preventing the combustion from continuing, the problem of poor effectiveness and secondary pollution of existing fire extinguishing agents in quickly extinguishing large fires has been solved, achieving rapid and effective fire control and anti-reignition effects.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing fire extinguishing agents are not very effective at quickly extinguishing large fires, are prone to causing secondary pollution, are difficult to control quickly and effectively, and have the problem of resisting reignition.
By using fire extinguishing material additives, the inorganic powder is rapidly foamed at a high ratio through the combination of the first composition and the second composition, forming a foam solid that isolates the air, forms a heat insulation barrier, absorbs heat, and dilutes the oxygen content of the air on the surface of the burning material, thereby preventing the continuation of combustion and quickly blocking the fire source.
It achieves rapid high-ratio foaming, with good foam stability and strong fluidity, quickly covering the surface of burning materials, significantly increasing the anti-burning time, and showing remarkable anti-reignition effect. It can quickly and effectively control the fire, prevent the fire from reigniting, and has no secondary pollution.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fire extinguishing materials technology, specifically relating to a fire extinguishing material additive, an inorganic powder fire extinguishing material, and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, there are many types of fire extinguishing agents on the market, including foam fire extinguishing agents, dry powder fire extinguishing agents, and water-based fire extinguishing agents, each with its specific application scenarios. However, the leading products for extinguishing Class A, B, C, E, and F fire extinguishing agents are still a series of foam fire extinguishing agents and dry powder fire extinguishing agents.
[0003] The principle behind foam extinguishing agents is primarily through suffocation and cooling. When sprayed onto burning materials, the foam forms a covering layer on the surface, isolating the burning material from the air and thus suffocating it. Simultaneously, the foam cools the surface of the burning material, extinguishing the fire. However, foam is relatively light and easily dispersed by hot air currents, requiring a continuous supply. After a fire, this foam is sometimes difficult to clean up, potentially causing secondary pollution at the scene. Furthermore, foam extinguishing agents have poor flowability and a relatively slow extinguishing speed, which may not be sufficient to quickly and effectively control a rapidly spreading fire.
[0004] The extinguishing mechanism of dry powder fire extinguishing agents relies on the chemical inhibition and negative chemical catalysis of the volatile decomposition products of inorganic salts in the dry powder with the free radicals or active radicals produced by the burning substances during combustion. The dry powder interrupts the chain reaction of combustion and extinguishes the fire. At the same time, the dry powder falls onto the surface of the combustible material, undergoes a chemical reaction, and forms a covering layer under high temperature, thereby isolating oxygen and suffocating the fire. However, dry powder fire extinguishing agents are not resistant to reignition and are prone to reignition after extinguishing. The site is difficult to clean up after spraying and can easily cause secondary pollution.
[0005] Water-based fire extinguishing agents are fire extinguishing agents made by adding flame retardants, thickeners, and stabilizers to water. Their extinguishing mechanism involves the liquid spreading across the surface of the burning material, simultaneously cooling the surface and forming a water film and micro-foam layer that seal the surface, isolating it from air and creating a heat barrier. The liquid, after absorbing heat, vaporizes and dilutes the oxygen content in the air above the burning material, suffocating the fire and preventing further combustion. However, water-based fire extinguishing agents can easily damage electrical appliances at the fire scene. Additionally, water-based fire extinguishers are relatively heavy and require considerable strength to use, making them difficult for those with insufficient physical strength or who are not skilled in their craft.
[0006] The fire extinguishers mentioned above are only suitable for small fires and easily extinguished sources of ignition, while water fire extinguishers are suitable for fires with ample water supply and relatively safe environments. However, in reality, fires tend to spread, making it crucial to quickly contain the fire. Summary of the Invention
[0007] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a fire extinguishing material additive, an inorganic powder fire extinguishing material, and a method for preparing the same. The fire extinguishing material additive of this invention enables rapid, high-expansion foaming of inorganic powder, achieving a volume expansion ratio of 30-60 times, forming a solid foam with good stability, maintaining its shape for up to 2 hours without collapsing. This inorganic powder fire extinguishing material exhibits good flowability and rapid extinguishing speed, preventing the continuation of combustion, interrupting the chain reaction of combustion, quickly blocking the fire source, and effectively controlling the fire. It also possesses strong anti-burning properties, significantly extending the anti-burning time and demonstrating significant anti-reignition effects.
[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fire extinguishing material additive, comprising a first composition and a second composition. The first composition comprises polyethylene oxide, cellulose ether, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, urea, pentaerythritol, leveling agent, defoamer, silicone amide, potassium iodide, and deionized water. The second composition comprises hydrogen peroxide.
[0009] The polyethylene oxide in the fire extinguishing material additive of this invention mainly serves as a film-forming substance for the foam, and together with cellulose ether, it acts as a thickener. Simultaneously, the cellulose ether prevents insufficient strength and cracking after the foam hardens, possessing suspension stability and water retention, thus enhancing the stability of the foam. Diammonium hydrogen phosphate and urea can form a flame-retardant system. Through the synergistic effect of each component, the fire extinguishing material additive of this invention, when used in fire extinguishing materials, can prevent the continuation of combustion, interrupt the chain reaction of combustion, quickly block the fire source, and effectively control the fire.
[0010] Further, the first composition has the following mass percentage of its components: Polyethylene oxide 1%-25% Cellulose ethers 5%-10% Diammonium hydrogen phosphate 3%-5% urea 5%-8% Pentaerythritol 5%-10% Leveling agent 2%-5% Defoamer 0.5%-1% Silicone amide 1%-5% Potassium iodide 1%-10% Deionized water 15%-50% The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is one hundred percent; The second composition has the following mass percentage of its components: 100% hydrogen peroxide By combining the first composition and the second composition, fire extinguishing materials are used to rapidly foam and mold them at a high ratio, with a foaming ratio of 30-60 times, thereby achieving rapid fire extinguishing at fire scenes.
[0011] Another objective of this invention is to provide an inorganic powder fire extinguishing material, comprising inorganic powder, the aforementioned fire extinguishing material additives, and water.
[0012] This invention relates to an inorganic powder fire extinguishing material, a novel type of fire extinguishing material. Through fire extinguishing material additives, the inorganic powder is rapidly foamed at a high ratio, forming a solid foam. The foam exhibits good stability, quickly filling the space, isolating air, forming a heat insulation barrier, absorbing heat, and diluting the oxygen content on the surface of the burning object. It directly envelops the burning object, producing a suffocating effect, preventing the continuation of combustion, and simultaneously interrupting the chain reaction of combustion. It quickly and effectively blocks the fire source, achieving the fire extinguishing effect. It significantly increases the fire resistance time, has strong fire resistance performance, and exhibits good anti-reignition effect after fire extinguishing.
[0013] Furthermore, the mass percentage of the components in the aforementioned inorganic powder fire extinguishing material is as follows: Inorganic powder 25%-65% Water 20%-50% The first composition is 3%-15%. The second composition is 3%-20%. Preferably, the inorganic powder includes at least one of gypsum powder, calcium carbonate powder, and talc powder.
[0014] The present invention also aims to provide a method for preparing an inorganic fire extinguishing material, comprising the following steps: (1) Preparation of the first composition: Weigh the above components according to the ratio, add deionized water to the reaction vessel, add polyethylene oxide to wet it completely and disperse and mix it evenly, add cellulose ether, wet it fully and disperse and mix it evenly, add pentaerythritol to disperse and mix it evenly, add diammonium hydrogen phosphate and urea to disperse and mix it evenly, then add leveling agent, defoamer and silicone amide to disperse and mix it evenly, and finally add potassium iodide to disperse and mix it evenly to obtain the first composition; (2) Weigh the first composition, water, inorganic powder and second composition according to the above proportions, disperse and mix the first composition, water and inorganic powder evenly, and then add the second composition and mix evenly to obtain inorganic fire extinguishing material.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The fire extinguishing material additive of the present invention, through the first composition and the second composition, enables inorganic powder to foam rapidly at a high ratio, which can foam the powder foam to a volume foaming ratio of 30-60 times, forming a foam solid. The stability of the foam is significantly enhanced, and it can remain stable for more than 2 hours. (2) The inorganic powder fire extinguishing material of the present invention is a new type of fire extinguishing material. The inorganic powder quickly foams to form a foam solid, which fills the space, isolates the air, forms a heat insulation barrier, absorbs heat and dilutes the oxygen content of the air on the surface of the burning object, directly wraps the burning object to produce a suffocating effect, prevents the continuation of combustion, quickly blocks the fire source, interrupts the chain reaction of combustion, effectively blocks the fire source, quickly and effectively controls the fire, and achieves the fire extinguishing effect. (3) This inorganic powder fire extinguishing material has good fluidity, quickly covers the surface of the burning material, further accelerates the fire extinguishing speed, requires less material, and has a good anti-reignition effect, preventing the fire from reigniting. It also has a significantly increased anti-burning time, strong anti-burning performance, and a good anti-reignition effect after fire extinguishing.
[0016] In summary, the inorganic powder fire extinguishing material of this invention has the functions of suffocation, isolation, and encapsulation. It can quickly extinguish fires involving solids, liquids, gases, electrical components, and cooking materials, and can prevent the fire from reigniting. It features a high foaming ratio, low specific gravity, and low foaming density. It can be quickly molded without dripping, is easy to clean up after a fire, and does not pollute plants, animals, soil, or water. It is energy-saving, environmentally friendly, and will not cause secondary pollution. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] Example 1 1. Preparation of fire extinguishing material additives Preparation of the first composition: Weigh the following by mass percentage: 15% polyethylene oxide, 6% cellulose ether, 5% diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 6% urea, 5% pentaerythritol, 5% leveling agent, 0.5% defoamer, 2% silicone amide, 5.5% potassium iodide, and 50% deionized water. Add deionized water to the reaction vessel, add polyethylene oxide and completely wet it, then disperse and mix evenly. Add cellulose ether, and after thorough wetting, disperse and mix evenly. Add pentaerythritol and disperse and mix evenly. Add diammonium hydrogen phosphate and urea and disperse and mix evenly. Then add leveling agent, defoamer, and silicone amide and disperse and mix evenly. Finally, add potassium iodide and disperse and mix evenly to obtain the first composition.
[0019] The second composition is 100% hydrogen peroxide.
[0020] 2. Preparation of Inorganic Powder Fire Extinguishing Materials Weigh out the following by mass percentage: 50% gypsum powder (300 mesh), 40% water, 5% of the first composition above, and 5% of the second composition.
[0021] Water, the first composition, and gypsum powder are dispersed and mixed evenly, and then the second composition is added and stirred evenly to obtain an inorganic powder fire extinguishing material.
[0022] The inorganic powder fire extinguishing material prepared in step 1 rapidly foams to a volume with a foaming ratio of 30-50 times. Depending on the properties of different gypsum materials, the solidification time is 5-15 minutes.
[0023] Example 2 1. The preparation of fire extinguishing material additives is the same as in Example 1.
[0024] 2. Preparation of Inorganic Powder Fire Extinguishing Materials Weigh out the following components by mass percentage: 60% calcium carbonate powder, 26% water, 7% first composition, and 7% second composition.
[0025] Water, the first composition, and calcium carbonate powder are dispersed and mixed evenly, and then the second composition is added and stirred evenly to obtain an inorganic powder fire extinguishing material.
[0026] The inorganic powder fire extinguishing material prepared in Example 2 can rapidly foam to a volume with a foaming ratio of 10-30 times, and the foam can be fixed without collapsing within 2 hours.
[0027] Example 3 1. The preparation of fire extinguishing material additives is the same as in Example 1.
[0028] 2. Preparation of Inorganic Powder Fire Extinguishing Materials Weigh out the following components by weight percentage: 30% talc, 45% water, 10% first composition, and 15% second composition.
[0029] Water, the first composition, and talc are dispersed and mixed evenly, and then the second composition is added and stirred evenly to obtain an inorganic powder fire extinguishing material.
[0030] The inorganic powder fire extinguishing material prepared in Example 3 can rapidly foam to a volume with a foaming ratio of 30-60 times, and the foam can be fixed without collapsing within 30 minutes.
[0031] Comparison of fire extinguishing performance tests of Examples 1-3 and existing traditional products The present invention was compared with existing conventional products according to the small-scale fire extinguishing test provided in Appendix A of GB15308-2006. The test results are shown in the table below: As can be seen from the test results in the table, the inorganic powder fire extinguishing material of the present invention has higher fire extinguishing efficiency and faster fire extinguishing compared with existing traditional foam fire extinguishing agents. Moreover, it has significantly increased fire resistance time, strong fire resistance performance, and good anti-reignition effect after fire extinguishing.
[0032] In summary, the fire extinguishing material additive of this invention enables inorganic powder to rapidly foam at a high ratio through the first composition and the second composition, resulting in a powder foam with a volume ratio of 30-60 times, forming a solid foam. The foam stability is significantly improved, and the foam can remain intact for up to 2 hours. It also has good fluidity, quickly covering the surface of burning materials, significantly increasing the fire resistance time, exhibiting strong fire resistance performance, and providing good anti-reignition effect after fire extinguishing. In fire scenes where the fire spreads rapidly, it can quickly and effectively control the fire, rapidly block the fire source, and quickly extinguish fires involving solids, liquids, gases, electrical components, and cooking materials.
[0033] The above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the invention and should be defined by the claims.
Claims
1. A fire extinguishing material additive, characterized in that, It comprises a first composition and a second composition, wherein the first composition comprises polyethylene oxide, cellulose ether, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, urea, pentaerythritol, leveling agent, defoamer, silicone amide, potassium iodide and deionized water, and the second composition comprises hydrogen peroxide.
2. The fire extinguishing material additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first composition has the following mass percentage of its components: Polyethylene oxide 1%-25% Cellulose ethers 5%-10% Diammonium hydrogen phosphate 3%-5% urea 5%-8% Pentaerythritol 5%-10% Leveling agent 2%-5% Defoamer 0.5%-1% Silicone amide 1%-5% Potassium iodide 1%-10% Deionized water 15%-50% The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is one hundred percent; The second composition has the following mass percentages of its components: Hydrogen peroxide 100%.
3. An inorganic powder fire extinguishing material, characterized in that, Includes inorganic powder, fire extinguishing material additives as described in claim 1 or 2, and water.
4. The inorganic powder fire extinguishing material according to claim 3, characterized in that, Its component mass percentage is, Inorganic powder 25%-65% Water 20%-50% The first composition is 3%-15%. The second composition is 3%-20%.
5. The inorganic powder fire extinguishing material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inorganic powder includes at least one of gypsum powder, calcium carbonate powder, and talc powder.
6. A method for preparing an inorganic fire extinguishing material as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps, (1) Preparation of the first composition: Weigh each component according to the ratio, add deionized water to the container, add polyethylene oxide to wet it completely and disperse and mix it evenly, add cellulose ether, wet it fully and disperse and mix it evenly, add pentaerythritol and disperse and mix it evenly, add diammonium hydrogen phosphate and urea and disperse and mix it evenly, then add leveling agent, defoamer and silicone amide and disperse and mix it evenly, finally add potassium iodide and disperse and mix it evenly to obtain the first composition; (2) Weigh the first composition, water, inorganic powder and second composition according to the ratio. First, disperse and mix the first composition, water and inorganic powder evenly, then add the second composition and mix evenly to obtain inorganic fire extinguishing material.