Preparation method of anti-static filter bag

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of an anti-static filter bag, and belongs to the technical field of filter bag preparation. Comprising the following steps: S1, preparing a dust facing surface fiber layer, a base cloth layer and a clean surface fiber layer, and combining the three-layer structure and needling to form a felt; s2, preparing a surface coating and a graphene impregnation auxiliary agent; wherein the surface coating comprises the following components: a graphene dispersion liquid, a foaming agent, a polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, a gelling agent, a coupling agent and deionized water; the graphene dipping aid comprises the following components: graphene powder, PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) emulsion and purified water; s3, singeing and hot press polishing treatment is conducted on the fiber layer of the dust facing face of the needled felt; s4, the needled felt is impregnated with a graphene impregnation auxiliary through an impregnation mechanism and then dried through hot drying equipment. According to the preparation method of the anti-static filter bag, the two conductive mechanisms of electronic conduction and ionic conduction are organically combined together, and through the innovative combination mode, the advantages of the two conductive mechanisms are fully played, so that the efficient and rapid electricity conduction effect is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of filter bag preparation technology, and specifically relates to a method for preparing an antistatic filter bag. Background Technology

[0002] The conductivity of antistatic filter bags allows static charges generated in the working environment to be quickly dissipated through the filter bag medium itself, preventing the accumulation of static charges and the release of electrostatic sparks that could cause industrial explosions or other safety hazards. Antistatic filter bags are mainly used in industrial dust removal environments with flammable or explosive hazards. Their dissipation mechanism primarily relies on incorporating conductive fibers into the fiber layers on the upper and lower surfaces of the filter bag or using conductive base fabric. Therefore, the static charge conduction performance and the timeliness of the antistatic function of the filter bag are key factors in ensuring safe dust removal operations and play a crucial role in production and use.

[0003] The modified carbonized fibers used in existing technologies have significant drawbacks. Their degree of modification and carbonization is uneven, which limits their conductivity. In practical use, these modified carbonized fibers are easily corroded and damaged by the external industrial environment. Once corroded, their conductivity quickly fails, preventing them from performing their intended function. Meanwhile, the stainless steel fibers used are straight and without curl. During the carding process, this characteristic causes them to easily entangle and form isolated clumps. Once these clumps are isolated, they cannot conduct electricity efficiently between themselves, significantly affecting the conductivity.

[0004] Looking at the conductive base fabric used, it is sandwiched between two layers of non-conductive fiber mesh. This structural design prevents static charges generated on the surface of the fiber layers from reaching the conductive base fabric in the middle, thus hindering their dissipation. Because the static charges cannot dissipate quickly, the conductivity is ultimately poor, failing to meet practical application requirements.

[0005] Furthermore, in existing filter bag manufacturing processes, the fabric often undergoes two crucial steps: impregnation and coating. In the impregnation step, the common practice is to pass the fabric through a tank filled with impregnation solution using transfer rollers. This impregnation method is widely used in actual production and, to a certain extent, ensures a relatively uniform impregnation effect. However, this method has significant drawbacks. Because the impregnation solution is externally leaking, its evaporation rate is relatively fast. Excessive evaporation can easily lead to the loss of effective components and also produce unpleasant odors, negatively impacting the surrounding environment. In addition, the rapid evaporation of the impregnation solution increases production costs, imposing an additional economic burden on enterprises.

[0006] Furthermore, in terms of the coating process, most coating is performed by manually rotating the filter bags. After coating the filter bag surface, a protective film must be manually applied over the coating layer. This coating method has many problems: it is extremely labor-intensive, requiring a large investment of manpower and energy, and its production efficiency is very low. At the same time, because it is manual operation, it is difficult to guarantee the uniformity of the coating, which may result in inconsistent coating thickness. When applying the protective film, air bubbles or wrinkles are also prone to form, all of which affect the overall quality of the filter bag and the stability of its antistatic performance.

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of existing antistatic filter bags in terms of conductive material selection, structural design, and preparation methods, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing antistatic filter bags. The method provided by this invention effectively solves the aforementioned technical problems, further improves the overall performance and production efficiency of antistatic filter bags, and meets the higher requirements of actual production and use. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems of poor conductivity and resource waste in existing filter bags, this invention provides a method for preparing antistatic filter bags. This method utilizes a coating mechanism combined with an impregnation and coating mechanism to improve conductivity and reduce resource waste. The method includes the following steps: S1: Preparing a dust-facing fiber layer, a base fabric layer, and a clean surface fiber layer, and then merging the three layers and needle-punching them into a felt; S2: Preparing a surface coating and a graphene impregnation agent; wherein the surface coating comprises a graphene dispersion, a foaming agent, a polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, a gelling agent, a coupling agent, and deionized water. The graphene impregnation agent consists of graphene powder, PTFE emulsion, and purified water; S3: The fiber layer on the dust-facing side of the needle-punched felt is singed and hot-pressed; S4: The needle-punched felt is impregnated with the graphene impregnation agent by the impregnation mechanism, and then dried by the hot-drying equipment; S5: The impregnated needle-punched felt is placed on the loading mechanism, and a surface coating is applied to the surface of the needle-punched felt in conjunction with the coating mechanism; S6: During the coating process, the coated portion of the needle-punched felt is moved into the packaging mechanism by the moving mechanism, so that the packaging mechanism wraps the protective film on the needle-punched felt; S7: The coated needle-punched felt is heat-cured, and the protective film is removed after heat curing.

[0009] Preferably, S1 specifically comprises: the dust-receiving fiber layer consists of 0.89 dtex × 51 mm PPS fibers, 1.5 dtex × 51 mm PPS fibers, and 2.2 dtex × 51 mm PPS fibers; the base fabric layer uses 105 g / m2 PTFE base fabric; and the clean surface fiber layer consists of 1.5 dtex × 51 mm PPS fibers and 2.2 dtex × 51 mm PPS fibers.

[0010] Preferably, the upper surface of the base fabric layer is covered with a dust-receiving fiber layer, and the lower surface of the base fabric layer is covered with a clean surface fiber layer. The dust-receiving fiber layer, the base fabric layer, and the clean surface fiber layer are needle-punched into a needle-punched felt by a needle-punching process.

[0011] Preferably, step S2 specifically comprises: S2.1: graphene dispersion, foaming agent, polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, gelling agent, coupling agent, and deionized water are mixed sequentially in a mass ratio of 8:1.5:21:4:1:60; S2.2: then premixed by mechanical stirring; S2.3: ammonia water is gradually added during premixing at a mass ratio of 3:1; S2.4: the premixed graphene coating solution is transferred to a foaming machine, and the graphene coating is stirred to a semi-viscous flow state, causing its volume to expand to 1 / 3 of its original size.

[0012] Preferably, step S2.1 specifically comprises: S2.1.1: The graphene dispersion is composed of graphene powder, polyvinyl alcohol dispersant, N-methylpyrrolidone solvent, and deionized water. The graphene powder is first added to the N-methylpyrrolidone solvent at a mass ratio of 5:45; S2.1.2: The mixture of graphene powder and N-methylpyrrolidone solvent is mechanically stirred at room temperature for 5-10 minutes to form a preliminary suspension, reducing graphene agglomeration; S2.1.3: The polyvinyl alcohol dispersant is composed of polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:4. When preparing the polyvinyl alcohol dispersant, the polyvinyl alcohol is first added to the N-methylpyrrolidone solvent at a mass ratio of 5:45; Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is added to deionized water for 1 hour to absorb water and swell. Then, the temperature is gradually increased while physical stirring is carried out until the PVA is completely dissolved and there are no fine particles, thus preparing a dispersant. S2.1.4: The prepared PVA dispersant is added to the prepared graphene preliminary suspension and mixed with the graphene preliminary suspension at a mass ratio of 50:0.2. S2.1.5: Then, the mixture is oscillated at room temperature using an ultrasonic oscillator for 30 minutes, using an intermittent oscillation mode of continuous oscillation for 15 minutes and pause for 5 minutes to ensure that the solution temperature is ≤50℃ during the oscillation operation to prevent graphene oxidation.

[0013] Preferably, the impregnation mechanism is disposed between a set of fixed seats, the fixed seats are disposed on the top of the frame, and the bottom of the frame is provided with support legs; the impregnation mechanism includes: an impregnation shell fixedly disposed between the set of fixed seats, and having a sliding opening on its top, and having a temperature and humidity sensor and a liquid level sensor disposed inside; two sets of sealing strips are respectively disposed at the inlet and outlet of the impregnation shell; a guide roller is rotatably disposed inside the impregnation shell; an inner slider is slidably disposed inside the sliding opening through a sliding pair; two corrugated protective strips are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the inner slider, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the sliding opening.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the frame is symmetrically provided with a feed roller and a set of mounting brackets, the feed roller and the mounting brackets being located on both sides of the immersion shell; a first connecting seat and a second connecting seat are arranged vertically inside the mounting bracket, the first connecting seat is slidably disposed in the mounting bracket, the second connecting seat is fixedly disposed on the top of the frame, an upper pressure roller is rotatably disposed between a set of first connecting seats, and a lower pressure roller is rotatably disposed between a set of second connecting seats; a threaded hole is opened at the top of the mounting bracket, a screw is threadedly connected in the threaded hole, a connecting rod is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the screw, a spring is disposed between the screw and the first connecting seat, and the spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod.

[0015] Preferably, an electric slide rail is fixedly arranged between a group of the fixed seats. The electric slide rail is located above the impregnation shell. A feeding gun is detachably arranged on the output end of the electric slide rail. The bottom of the feeding gun extends into the impregnation shell through the inner slider.

[0016] Preferably, the moving mechanism is disposed on the top of the base, and the coating mechanism is disposed on the top of the stand; the moving mechanism includes: two linear slide rails symmetrically disposed on the top of the base, and a sliding pair is slidably disposed on the top of the two linear slide rails; a lead screw rotatably disposed on the top of the base and located between the two linear slide rails; a first motor fixedly disposed on the top of the base and connected to the lead screw; a slider threadedly fitted on the lead screw; and a mounting platform fixedly disposed on the top of the sliding pair and the slider.

[0017] Preferably, the loading mechanism is disposed on the moving mechanism; the loading mechanism includes: a connecting frame fixedly disposed on the mounting platform; a second motor fixedly disposed on the top of the connecting frame; a first pneumatic slip ring fixedly disposed on one side of the connecting frame, and its rotating part connected to the second motor; a turntable fixedly disposed on one side of the rotating part of the first pneumatic slip ring; a rotating support member disposed between the connecting frame and the turntable, and sleeved on the outside of the first pneumatic slip ring; a plurality of material support members equidistantly disposed on one side of the turntable; and a plurality of third motors equidistantly disposed on the turntable. On the other side, there are corresponding and connected components to the support components; the support components include: a second pneumatic slip ring, a cylinder frame, a fixed ring, and an inner support plate. The second pneumatic slip ring is fixedly installed on one side of the turntable, and its rotating part is connected to the third motor. A cylinder frame is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating part of the second pneumatic slip ring. The built-in cylinder piston rod in the cylinder frame extends out of the cylinder frame. A fixed ring is fixedly fitted on the extended end of the piston rod. Multiple inner support plates are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the cylinder frame. The inner support plates are connected to the fixed ring and the cylinder frame respectively by connecting rods.

[0018] Preferably, a platform is fixedly mounted on the top of the base, and the packaging mechanism is mounted on the top of the platform. The packaging mechanism includes: a frame body fixedly mounted on the top of the platform, with a through hole on one side; a rotating ring rotatably mounted on one side of the frame body, with a protective film on its surface; an active drive component mounted inside the frame body for rotating the rotating ring; a driven drive component mounted inside the frame body and connected to the active drive component via a transmission component; and an auxiliary component mounted on the inner top wall of the through hole for cutting the protective film. The auxiliary component includes: a cylinder, a clamping plate, a fixing sleeve, and a cutter. The cylinder and the fixing sleeve are both fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the through hole. The fixing sleeve is slidably mounted on the piston rod of the cylinder. A clamping plate is fixedly mounted on one end of the piston rod. A cutter is mounted on the surface of the fixing sleeve, and the cutter works in conjunction with the clamping plate.

[0019] Preferably, the coating mechanism includes: a coating machine fixedly mounted on the top of the stand; a coating head mounted on the output end of the coating machine; and a control valve mounted on the coating head for controlling the material output.

[0020] The method for preparing an antistatic filter bag according to the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. The preparation method of this antistatic filter bag organically combines electronic conductivity and ionic conductivity, two conductivity mechanisms. This innovative combination fully leverages the advantages of both mechanisms, achieving highly efficient and rapid static electricity dissipation. In flammable and explosive dust removal environments where strict control of electrostatic sparks is required, the generation of electrostatic sparks can lead to serious safety accidents. This highly efficient static electricity dissipation function can promptly remove static electricity from the system, greatly improving the safety factor of the entire production process and ensuring the safety of workers and the stable operation of production equipment.

[0021] 2. The preparation method of this antistatic filter bag utilizes graphene, a special conductive material with a series of properties such as high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and non-hydrolysis. In actual industrial production environments, neither high-temperature baking, acid and alkali corrosion, nor long-term moisture exposure can cause substantial damage to graphene. These properties effectively extend the service life of the antistatic filter bag, preventing premature damage due to harsh environmental factors. From a business perspective, this means reduced investment in environmental protection for industrial production, as the cost of filter bag replacement and maintenance is lower, achieving cost savings in the industrial production process.

[0022] 3. The preparation method of this antistatic filter bag, and the graphene coating manufacturing process, are applicable to the antistatic production and processing of various filter bag products. In today's diversified industrial dust removal market, different working conditions place different requirements on filter bags. Because different industrial production environments have varying dust characteristics, temperatures, humidity, and other factors, matching filter bags are needed to achieve good dust removal effects. This graphene coating manufacturing process precisely meets this diverse need. Whether it's the pulse-jet filter bag, commonly used in industrial production, which has unique advantages in dust removal by efficiently removing dust from the filter bag surface through pulse jet cleaning; or the reverse-jet filter bag with special specifications, suitable for working conditions with more specific dust removal requirements, this process can achieve excellent antistatic effects. This characteristic makes this process widely applicable in the industrial dust removal market, playing an important role in many different industrial scenarios and providing strong support for the efficient and safe operation of industrial dust removal.

[0023] 4. The preparation method of this antistatic filter bag utilizes graphene, a novel material with unique structure and properties. Graphene possesses high-temperature resistance, maintaining stable physical and chemical properties under high-temperature environments. It also exhibits acid and alkali resistance, resisting corrosion by acidic and alkaline substances and remaining non-hydrolyzed. These properties ensure its stability in various complex chemical environments, guaranteeing the long-term stable operation of the antistatic filter bag. When the antistatic filter bag adopts a graphene conductive design, even under prolonged continuous use and complex environments such as high temperature, high humidity, and strong acid / alkali conditions, its conductivity remains unaffected. It continuously releases static electricity, preventing potential safety hazards caused by static buildup, thus effectively providing strong support and protection for industrial safety and environmental protection.

[0024] 5. In the preparation method of this antistatic filter bag, during the actual fabric coating operation, the entire coating process is deliberately set within a relatively sealed shell using a coating mechanism. This is done because a sealed environment allows for better control of the coating process. A temperature and humidity sensor is installed to provide real-time feedback and precise control of the temperature and humidity within the shell. This feedback control mechanism effectively maintains the temperature and humidity within the shell within a specific and suitable range. On the one hand, this reduces the volatilization and unnecessary waste of graphene impregnation agents. Under suitable temperature and humidity conditions, the stability of the graphene impregnation agents is enhanced, and the possibility of volatilization is reduced, thus avoiding the ineffective loss of a large amount of agents. On the other hand, reducing agent volatilization also means reducing the degree of pollution to the surrounding environment, making the production process more environmentally friendly. Simultaneously, reducing agent waste directly saves production costs, making the entire production process more economically efficient and sustainable.

[0025] 6. The manufacturing method of this antistatic filter bag ensures stable clamping of the filter bag by the loading mechanism. This stable clamping method prevents the filter bag from shaking or shifting during subsequent operations. Simultaneously, the loading mechanism enables the filter bag to rotate at a uniform speed, which lays the foundation for the subsequent coating mechanism. With the filter bag stably clamped and rotating at a uniform speed, the coating mechanism can form a uniform coating layer on the surface of the filter bag without any missed areas. This uniform coating layer significantly improves the performance and quality of the filter bag.

[0026] 7. In the preparation method of this antistatic filter bag, the moving mechanism plays a crucial transportation role. Utilizing precise linear drive, it smoothly transports the coated filter bags to the packaging mechanism. This linear drive allows for precise control of the filter bag's direction and speed of movement. The moving mechanism effectively avoids damage to the coating that may occur during manual transfer. Manual transfer can damage the coating's integrity due to accidental collisions, friction, or other factors; the moving mechanism effectively solves this problem.

[0027] 8. The manufacturing method of this antistatic filter bag features a packaging mechanism with a series of automated operating procedures. It automatically completes operations such as unwinding, positioning, wrapping, and cutting of the sealing film. During this process, by setting the wrapping tension and overlap width, a tight fit between the protective film and the coating is ensured. This tight fit effectively prevents the formation of bubbles and wrinkles, which not only affect the product's appearance but may also impact the filter bag's performance. The automated operation of the packaging mechanism significantly reduces the intensity of manual labor, freeing workers from tedious packaging tasks. Simultaneously, it improves production efficiency, making the entire production process smoother and more efficient. Furthermore, the consistent operation of the packaging mechanism also improves product quality consistency, ensuring that every filter bag meets the same standards. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A process flow diagram of the method for preparing the antistatic filter bag provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antistatic filter bag provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the impregnation apparatus provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the impregnation mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a connection diagram of the impregnation mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the coating apparatus provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the moving mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the loading mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the loading mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the packaging mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 11 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the packaging mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 12 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary component provided by the present invention; Figure 13 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the coating mechanism provided by the present invention; in, Figures 2 to 13The reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings are as follows: 1. Surface coating; 2. Dust-facing fiber layer; 3. Base fabric layer; 4. Clean surface fiber layer; 5. Graphene impregnation agent; 6. Frame; 7. Fixed base; 8. Impregnation mechanism; 9. Support leg; 10. Base; 11. Moving mechanism; 12. Loading mechanism; 13. Platform; 14. Packaging mechanism; 15. Stand; 16. Coating mechanism; 17. Feed roller; 18. Mounting frame; 19. First connecting seat; 20. Second connecting seat; 21. Upper pressure roller; 22. Lower pressure roller; 23. Screw; 24. Connecting rod; 25. Spring; 26. Electric slide rail; 27. Feed gun; 81. Impregnation shell; 82. Sealing tape; 83. Guide roller; 84. Inner slider; 85. Corrugated protective tape. 111. Linear slide rail; 112. Lead screw; 113. First motor; 114. Slider; 115. Mounting platform; 121. Connecting frame; 122. Second motor; 123. First pneumatic slip ring; 124. Rotating support; 125. Turntable; 126. Material support; 127. Third motor; 1261. Second pneumatic slip ring; 1262. Cylinder frame; 1263. Fixed ring; 1264. Inner support plate; 141. Main frame; 142. Rotating ring; 143. Active drive component; 144. Driven drive component; 145. Auxiliary component; 1451. Cylinder; 1452. Clamping plate; 1453. Fixed sleeve block; 1454. Cutter; 161. Coating machine; 162. Coating head; 163. Control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following are specific implementation cases and appendices. Figures 1-13 The present invention will be further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for preparing an antistatic filter bag, the entire process comprising the following detailed steps: S1: Prepare the dust-receiving fiber layer 2, the base fabric layer 3, and the cleanroom fiber layer 4 separately. When preparing the dust-receiving fiber layer 2, suitable fiber materials need to be selected and processed through a fiber production line to acquire the corresponding physical properties and structural characteristics. The preparation of the base fabric layer 3 focuses on its strength and stability to ensure it can provide support for the entire structure. The preparation of the cleanroom fiber layer 4 emphasizes its filtration and cleaning functions to ensure effective filtration of impurities. After the three layers are prepared, they are needle-punched into a felt-like structure. During the needle-punching process, the density and force of the needle punching are controlled to ensure that the three layers are tightly bonded, forming a needle-punched felt with excellent overall performance.

[0030] S2: Preparation of surface coating 1 and graphene impregnation agent 5. Surface coating 1 comprises graphene dispersion, foaming agent, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) emulsion, gelling agent, coupling agent, and deionized water. In preparing surface coating 1, these components need to be mixed according to specific ratios and processes to ensure uniform distribution and guarantee good performance of surface coating 1. Graphene impregnation agent 5 comprises graphene powder, PTFE emulsion, and purified water. The graphene powder particle size is required to be 200 mesh, and the mixing mass ratio is graphene powder:PTFE emulsion:purified water = 0.02:8:15. In preparing graphene impregnation agent 5, the amount of each component must be accurately weighed, and appropriate stirring methods and times must be used to ensure thorough and uniform mixing.

[0031] S3: The dust-facing fiber layer 2 of the needle-punched felt undergoes singeing and hot calendering. Singeing removes impurities and loose fibers from the surface of the fiber layer 2, making the surface smoother and flatter. Hot calendering further improves the surface properties of the needle-punched felt, enhancing its smoothness and gloss. During hot calendering, the hot press roller temperature is set to 220℃, the hot press roller pressure is 0.7MPa, and the needle-punched felt conveying speed is controlled at 10m / min. These parameters must be strictly controlled to ensure the desired effect of the hot calendering treatment.

[0032] S4: The needle-punched felt needs to be impregnated with graphene impregnation agent 5 through the impregnation mechanism 8. During the impregnation process, it is essential to ensure that the needle-punched felt is fully immersed in the graphene impregnation agent 5, allowing the agent to penetrate evenly into the internal structure of the felt. Afterward, the impregnated needle-punched felt is dried using a heat-drying device. The needle-punched felt conveyor speed is 8 m / min, the heat-drying curing temperature is set to 180-200℃, and the heat-drying curing time is 5 minutes. During the heat-drying curing process, close attention must be paid to temperature and time control to ensure that the graphene impregnation agent 5 is fully cured inside the needle-punched felt and performs its intended function.

[0033] S5: The impregnated needle-punched felt is placed on the loading mechanism 12, and the surface coating 1 is applied to the surface of the needle-punched felt in conjunction with the coating mechanism 16. During the coating process, it is necessary to ensure that the coating mechanism 16 can evenly apply the surface coating 1 to the surface of the needle-punched felt to avoid uneven coating thickness. At the same time, the coating speed and pressure should be controlled to ensure good coating effect.

[0034] S6: During the coating process, the coated portion of the needle-punched felt is moved into the packaging mechanism 14 via the moving mechanism 11. The moving mechanism 11 must ensure smooth and accurate movement of the needle-punched felt so that the packaging mechanism 14 can smoothly wrap the protective film onto the needle-punched felt. The coating thickness during the surface coating 1 application is required to be controlled within 0.3-0.4 mm.

[0035] S7: The coated needle-punched felt is then heat-cured. The heat-curing temperature for surface coating 1 is set to 210-220℃, and the curing time is 4 minutes. During the heat curing process, the temperature and time are controlled to ensure that surface coating 1 is fully cured and forms a strong coating structure. After heat curing, the protective film is removed. At this point, the basis weight of surface coating 1 after heat curing should reach 50-60 g / Nm², and the adhesion strength between surface coating 1 and the dust-facing fiber layer 2 should be ≥1.2 MPa. The basis weight of the finished antistatic needle-punched felt after impregnation and coating is 580 g / m². After the entire process is completed, the finished product must undergo strict quality testing to ensure that all performance indicators meet the requirements.

[0036] The graphene coating on the surface of the needle-punched felt filter bag plays a crucial role in surface conductivity. During this process, the foaming agent in the coating promotes the formation of a unique porous structure. This porous structure increases the contact surface area between the coating and the dust-laden flue gas. As the contact surface area increases, the electrostatic charge conduction rate also accelerates, enabling the filter bag to perform electrostatic discharge when processing dust-laden flue gas.

[0037] The upper dust-facing fiber layer 2 of the filter bag needle-punched felt is composed of tightly packed fine denier fibers. These fine denier fibers have a small diameter and interweave to form a dense fiber layer structure. The lower clean surface fiber layer 4 is composed of fine denier fibers that have undergone weight reduction treatment. This design creates a spatial structure in the needle-punched felt that is denser at the top and looser at the bottom. The dense upper dust-facing fiber layer 2 not only effectively blocks dust but also plays a crucial role in supporting the graphene coating above. It ensures that the graphene coating maintains its integrity and stability during long-term use, preventing coating peeling or damage.

[0038] The needle-punched felt is impregnated with a solution composed of graphene. After heat curing, the graphene particles adhere to the fiber surface. This structure functions as a bulk conductor. The graphene coating on the surface and the graphene solution impregnation inside the needle-punched felt work together to give the antistatic filter bag both surface and bulk conductivity. This combination of conductivity results in excellent conductivity. Furthermore, graphene itself has good temperature resistance; it is not corroded by acids or alkalis and does not undergo hydrolysis. Therefore, by utilizing the graphene coating and impregnation structure to achieve conductivity, it can maintain stable conductivity under various complex environmental conditions.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, S1 specifically comprises: the dust-receiving fiber layer 2 is a formulated fiber structure, mainly composed of three different specifications of PPS fibers mixed through a fiber processing production line. This production line consists of an opening machine, a carding machine, a web-laying machine, and a needle-punching machine connected sequentially. Specifically, 0.89 dtex × 51 mm PPS fibers account for 20%, 1.5 dtex × 51 mm PPS fibers account for 30%, and 2.2 dtex × 51 mm PPS fibers account for 50%. These three different specifications of PPS fibers work together to form the unique properties of the dust-receiving fiber layer 2. This dust-receiving fiber layer 2 has a specific basis weight per unit area, which is 230 g / m².

[0040] The base fabric layer 3 plays a crucial role in supporting and stabilizing the entire structure. It is made of 105 g / m² PTFE. This PTFE base fabric has excellent physical properties and chemical stability, providing reliable basic support for the entire structure.

[0041] The clean surface fiber layer 4 is composed of two different specifications of PPS fibers. Specifically, 1.5 dtex × 51 mm PPS fibers account for 30%, and 2.2 dtex × 51 mm PPS fibers account for 70%. This combination of fibers gives the clean surface fiber layer 4 its specific characteristics. The dust-receiving fiber layer 2 also has a specific basis weight per unit area, which is 215 g / m².

[0042] As a preferred option, furthermore, in the entire structural system, the upper surface of the base fabric layer 3 is covered with a dust-attracting fiber layer 2. This dust-attracting fiber layer 2 can initially contact and block dust and other impurities during actual use. The lower surface of the base fabric layer 3 is also tightly covered with a clean surface fiber layer 4, which mainly serves to ensure the cleanliness of the filtered air. The dust-attracting fiber layer 2, base fabric layer 3, and clean surface fiber layer 4 are processed into needle-punched felt using a specific needle-punching process. Specifically, in the pre-needling stage, the needle-punching density is precisely set to 420 needles / cm². This needle-punching density allows for effective fixation and integration of the fibers in the initial stage. The needle-punching depth is set to 10mm, a suitable depth that ensures a certain degree of interweaving and bonding between the fibers. In the main needle-punching stage, the needle-punching density is further set to 430 needles / cm². This higher needle-punching density allows for a tighter and stronger bond between the fibers. The needle-punching depth is 6mm, which helps to further refine the structure of the needle-punched felt, enabling it to achieve better performance.

[0043] As a preferred option, further, the specific operation of S2 is as follows: S2.1: The raw materials involved are graphene dispersion, foaming agent, polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, gelling agent, coupling agent, and deionized water. The mixing mass ratio among them is strictly set as graphene dispersion:foaming agent:polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion:gelling agent:coupling agent:deionized water = 8:1.5:21:4:1:60. In the entire mixing system, the proportion of graphene dispersion is 8 parts, foaming agent is 1.5 parts, polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 21 parts, gelling agent is 4 parts, coupling agent is 1 part, and deionized water is 60 parts. S2.2: When performing the mixing operation, premixing must be performed first. Place the above-mentioned mixed materials in a suitable container and use mechanical stirring, setting the stirring speed to a low speed of 100 rpm. Under such low speed conditions, continue stirring for 3-5 minutes to complete the premixing process. By stirring at low speed, various materials can be initially and uniformly dispersed together. S2.3: During premixing, ammonia water needs to be added gradually. The dosage of ammonia water is added gradually according to the mass ratio of ammonia water to foaming agent of 1:3. This requires accurate calculation of the mass of foaming agent during operation, and then accurate addition of ammonia water according to the corresponding ratio to ensure that the subsequent reaction can proceed smoothly. S2.4: After premixing is completed, the premixed graphene coating solution needs to be transferred to the foaming machine. After transferring the solution to the foaming machine, the parameters of the foaming machine need to be set, and the rotor speed of the foaming machine is set to 500 rpm. At this speed, the graphene coating is stirred. As stirring proceeds, the graphene coating will gradually exhibit a semi-viscous flow state. Furthermore, after stirring, its volume will expand to 1 / 3 of its original size, reaching this state to prepare for subsequent process steps.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, further details of S2.1 are as follows: S2.1.1: The graphene dispersion mentioned here is composed of graphene powder, polyvinyl alcohol dispersant, N-methylpyrrolidone solvent, and deionized water. The graphene powder has a particle size of 100 mesh. The mixing mass ratio between these components is specifically required to be 5:45. This precise ratio ensures that each component exhibits optimal performance in subsequent reactions and applications.

[0045] S2.1.2: First, graphene powder is mixed with N-methylpyrrolidone solvent to obtain a mixture. Then, at room temperature (20°C), the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5-10 minutes. This mechanical stirring process forms a preliminary suspension. The main purpose is to reduce graphene agglomeration, allowing the graphene to be more uniformly dispersed in the solvent, laying a good foundation for subsequent steps.

[0046] S2.1.3: The preparation of the dispersant has specific requirements and procedures. The dispersant is composed of polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:4. When preparing the dispersant, polyvinyl alcohol must first be added to deionized water at 20°C to allow it to absorb water and swell for one hour. Then, the water temperature is gradually increased to 70°C, accompanied by physical stirring, until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved and there are no fine particles in the solution. At this point, the dispersant is successfully prepared. This rigorous preparation process ensures the quality and performance of the dispersant.

[0047] S2.1.4: After preparing the initial graphene suspension and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) dispersant, the next step is to add the prepared PVA dispersant to the initial graphene suspension. The addition ratio is based on mass ratio, specifically 50:0.2. Mixing in this precise ratio allows the dispersant to fully exert its dispersing effect, further improving the dispersion of graphene in the solution.

[0048] S2.1.5: After mixing the polyvinyl alcohol dispersant and the initial graphene suspension, the mixture is then vibrated using an ultrasonic oscillator at room temperature (20°C) for 30 minutes. The power is set to 300W and the frequency to 200kHz. To ensure effective vibration and prevent graphene oxidation, an intermittent vibration mode of 15 minutes of continuous vibration followed by a 5-minute pause is used. Throughout the vibration process, the solution temperature must be kept ≤50°C, as excessively high temperatures can easily lead to graphene oxidation, thus affecting the quality and performance of the graphene dispersion.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the impregnation mechanism 8 is further disposed between a set of two fixed seats 7, which are located on the top of the frame 6. The bottom of the frame 6 is provided with support legs 9. The impregnation mechanism 8 includes: an impregnation shell 81 fixedly disposed between the set of fixed seats 7, with a sliding opening on its top; the interior of the impregnation shell 81 is divided into a feeding area, an impregnation area, and a discharge area; a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a liquid level sensor are installed inside the impregnation shell 81; 10 PT100 platinum resistance temperature sensors are arranged inside the impregnation shell 81, 3 in the feeding area, 4 in the impregnation area, and 3 in the discharge area, collecting data 10 times per second to monitor temperature fluctuations in real time; the subsequent temperature compensation execution mechanism uses an electric heating tube and circulating water cooling, which work together through a PID control algorithm; the temperature inside the shell is detected by the temperature sensor and then fed back to the external control system; the external control system controls the electric heating tube or circulating water cooling to operate, thereby maintaining the temperature control accuracy within ±1℃. The humidity sensor uses a capacitive humidity probe with a range of 20%-90%RH and a measurement accuracy of ±3%RH. When the humidity exceeds the process threshold of 65%±5%RH, the top hot air drying system is automatically activated to adjust the humidity. The liquid level sensor is an immersion hydrostatic level gauge with a measurement range of 0-1500mm and an accuracy of ±2mm. It monitors the liquid level of graphene impregnation agent 5 in the impregnation zone in real time. When the liquid level is 1000mm below the set lower limit, the control system automatically triggers the replenishment pump to draw agent from the storage tank to ensure that the needle-punched felt is always completely submerged during the impregnation process.

[0050] Two sets of sealing strips 82 are respectively installed at the inlet and outlet of the impregnation shell 81. Each set of sealing strips 82 consists of two upper and lower silicone sealing strips with a semi-circular cross-section and a diameter of 15mm. The spacing between the two sealing strips can be finely adjusted by adjusting screws on both sides, with an adjustment range of 0-20mm to accommodate needle-punched felt of different thicknesses. A heating wire is embedded inside the sealing strip 82, with a heating power of 50W / m. A temperature controller maintains the surface temperature of the sealing strip at 40-50℃, ensuring that the additives on the surface of the needle-punched felt maintain appropriate fluidity to enhance the sealing effect, while preventing premature curing of the additives due to excessive temperature. A brush cleaning component is also installed on the outside of the sealing strip 82. The brush is made of nylon with bristles 30mm long and a density of 50 bristles / mm², which can preliminarily clean excess additives and impurities adhering to the surface of the needle-punched felt when it enters and leaves the impregnation shell 81. The guide roller 83 is rotatably disposed within the impregnation shell 81, and is used to guide the needle-punched felt to be smoothly conveyed within the impregnation shell 81 along a preset path. The guide roller 83 is made of 304 stainless steel, has a diameter of 80mm, and its surface is mirror-polished with a surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm to reduce frictional damage to the surface of the needle-punched felt.

[0051] The inner slider 84 is slidably disposed inside the sliding opening via a sliding pair, allowing it to move along the length of the opening. Specifically, this sliding is smooth and stable, precisely following the trajectory defined by the sliding opening during the sliding process. A mounting hole is provided at the top of the inner slider 84. This mounting hole serves a specific purpose: to secure the feed gun 27, ensuring it is firmly mounted on the inner slider 84 and can function properly during subsequent operations.

[0052] Two corrugated protective strips 85 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner slider 84, with their other ends connected to the inner wall of the sliding port. The corrugated protective strips 85 are made of acid and alkali resistant and aging resistant fluororubber. Their width matches the width of the sliding port, and their length is designed according to the maximum stroke of the inner slider 84. When the inner slider 84 moves along the sliding port, the corrugated protective strips 85 can extend and retract accordingly, effectively preventing external dust, impurities, and mist and additive droplets inside the impregnation shell 81 from overflowing through the sliding port, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the internal environment of the impregnation shell 81 and the tidiness of the operating area. At the same time, the use of fluororubber material also ensures that the corrugated protective strips 85 have a long service life in the chemical environment that may exist inside the impregnation shell 81.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, furthermore, at the top of the frame 6, a feed roller 17 and a set of two mounting brackets 18 for specific installation purposes are arranged in a very regular and symmetrical manner. More specifically, the feed roller 17 and the mounting brackets 18 are stably positioned on the left and right sides of the impregnation shell 81, respectively. During the entire operation, the needle-punched felt first passes through the feed roller 17, smoothly entering the internal space of the impregnation shell 81 under the rotation of the feed roller 17. After a series of corresponding treatments inside the impregnation shell 81, it passes through the extrusion roller mechanism set in the mounting bracket 18 and is finally discharged from the extrusion roller mechanism.

[0054] Inside the mounting frame 18, a first connecting seat 19 and a second connecting seat 20 are arranged vertically. The first connecting seat 19 is slidably positioned within the mounting frame 18, allowing for positional adjustments as needed. The second connecting seat 20 is securely fixed to the top of the frame 6, ensuring positional stability. An upper pressure roller 21 is rotatably mounted between the first connecting seats 19, allowing for smooth rotation with the support of the first connecting seats 19. Similarly, a lower pressure roller 22 is rotatably mounted between the second connecting seats 20, allowing for flexible rotation with the support of the second connecting seats 20. The pressure applied by the pressure rollers is precisely set to 0.4 MPa. After the needle-punched felt is compressed by the upper and lower pressure rollers 21 and 22, the liquid content on the needle-punched felt remains within a reasonable range of 50-55%.

[0055] The mounting bracket 18 has a threaded hole at its top, designed to provide a precise connection for subsequent connection operations. Inside this threaded hole, a screw 23 is installed via a threaded connection. The bottom of the screw 23 is rotatable to mount the connecting rod 24, allowing the connecting rod 24 to rotate freely within a certain range to adapt to different working conditions. The bottom of the connecting rod 24 extends slidably through the top frame of the first connecting seat 19, ensuring smooth position adjustment when engaged with the first connecting seat 19. A limiting piece is provided at the bottom of the connecting rod 24 to effectively prevent it from detaching from the top frame of the first connecting seat 19, thus ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire structure. Furthermore, a spring 25 is provided between the screw 23 and the first connecting seat 19, fitted around the outside of the connecting rod 24. The spring 25 acts as a buffer and adjuster, ensuring more stable operation of the entire connection structure during work.

[0056] As a preferred option, an electric slide rail 26 is further fixed between a set of fixed seats 7. The electric slide rail 26 adopts a synchronous belt drive structure, and the slider of the electric slide rail 26 is driven by a servo motor to move back and forth along the track, thereby driving the feeding gun 27 to achieve precise translational feeding. The servo motor uses an absolute encoder with a resolution of 17 bits to ensure the accuracy and stability of position control. The head of the feeding gun 27 is made of stainless steel with an inner diameter of 8mm. It has a fan-shaped nozzle at the outlet, and the nozzle angle can be adjusted within the range of 30-60° by adjusting the knob to adapt to the impregnation requirements of needle-punched felt of different widths. The feeding gun 27 is connected to an external metering pump through a high-pressure hose. The metering pump adopts a plunger structure, with a flow rate adjustment range of 0-500ml / min and an accuracy of ±1%FS, which can accurately control the delivery amount of graphene impregnation aid 5. An electric slide rail 26 is located above the impregnation shell 81. A feeding gun 27 is detachably mounted on the output end of the electric slide rail 26. The bottom of the feeding gun 27 extends into the impregnation shell 81 through the inner slider 84. The electric slide rail 26 drives the feeding gun 27 to move back and forth, allowing the feeding gun 27 to spray the additive evenly within the impregnation area of ​​the impregnation shell 81. The feeding gun 27 is switched on and off in conjunction with a liquid level sensor. When the liquid level sensor detects that the additive level in the impregnation area reaches the set upper limit of 1300 mm, the feeding gun 27 automatically stops feeding. When the liquid level is lower than the set lower limit of 1000 mm, the feeding gun 27 restarts feeding, achieving closed-loop control of the additive level. During the spraying process, the moving speed of the feeding gun 27 can be adjusted by the control system, with an adjustment range of 0.5-2 m / min. Combined with the angle adjustment of the fan-shaped nozzle, this ensures that the graphene impregnation additive 5 can evenly cover the surface and internal pores of the needle-punched felt.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, the moving mechanism 11 is further disposed on the top of the base 10, and the coating mechanism 16 is disposed on the top of the stand 15. The moving mechanism 11 includes two linear slide rails 111 symmetrically disposed on the top of the base 10 within the entire equipment structure. These two linear slide rails 111 play a crucial guiding role in the entire device, and their symmetrical arrangement ensures the smoothness and accuracy of subsequent component movements. Furthermore, a sliding pair is slidably disposed on the top of these two linear slide rails 111, which can slide smoothly along the linear slide rails 111, providing a flexible basis for subsequent movement.

[0058] Meanwhile, the lead screw 112 is rotatably mounted on top of the base 10, and it is positioned between the two linear guide rails 111. The lead screw 112 plays a crucial role in converting rotary motion into linear motion within the system. It is fixedly connected to the top of the base 10 via a bearing housing. The bearing housing provides stable support for the lead screw 112, ensuring that it maintains good coaxiality and stability during rotation, and reducing unnecessary swaying and deviation.

[0059] The first motor 113 is fixedly mounted on the top of the base 10 and connected to the lead screw 112. The output shaft of the first motor 113 is rigidly connected to one end of the lead screw 112 via a coupling. This rigid connection is crucial, as it effectively ensures the stability and accuracy of power transmission. During the power transmission from the first motor 113 to the lead screw 112, there is no power loss or transmission deviation, guaranteeing the precision of the entire system's movement. The first motor 113 is a servo motor, characterized by high torque and high precision. Its rated power is 750W, meaning it can provide sufficient power to drive the entire system. Its rated speed is 3000rpm, and a stepless speed regulation function from 0-3000rpm can be achieved through a driver. This stepless speed regulation characteristic is very practical, allowing for flexible adjustment of the motor speed according to the process requirements of different coating speeds, thereby meeting diverse production requirements.

[0060] The slider 114 is mounted on the lead screw 112 via a threaded assembly. When the lead screw 112 rotates, the slider 114 moves linearly along the lead screw according to its rotation direction and speed. The mounting platform 115 is fixedly mounted on top of the sliding pair and the slider 114. The mounting platform 115 provides a stable platform for the subsequent installation of other components. It moves together with the sliding pair and the slider 114 to achieve the intended function of the entire system.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, the loading mechanism 12 further includes: a connecting frame 121 fixedly mounted on the mounting platform 115; a second motor 122 fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting frame 121; a first pneumatic slip ring 123 fixedly mounted on one side of the connecting frame 121, and its rotating part connected to the second motor 122; and a turntable 125 fixedly mounted on one side of the rotating part of the first pneumatic slip ring 123. The stationary part of the first pneumatic slip ring 123 is connected to an external air source through an air pipe, while the rotating part is connected to the pneumatic components on the turntable 125 through an internal air passage, ensuring that the pneumatic pipes do not become entangled during the rotation of the turntable 125. A rotating support 124 is positioned between the connecting frame 121 and the turntable 125, and is fitted onto the outside of the first pneumatic slip ring 123. The rotating support 124 consists of a bearing housing and a hollow flange shaft. The bearing housing is fixed to the side of the connecting frame 121 by bolts. One end of the hollow flange shaft is connected to the turntable 125 by a key and secured with an axial positioning nut. The other end is rotatably connected to the bearing housing by a deep groove ball bearing, providing stable support for the rotation of the turntable 125. Six material support pieces 126 are equidistantly arranged on one side of the turntable 125. Six third motors 127 are equidistantly arranged on the other side of the turntable 125, corresponding to and connected to the material support pieces 126. The third motors 127 drive the material support pieces 126 to rotate. Before the coating operation, the filter bag is first processed into a cylindrical structure, and then the filter bag is fitted onto the material support piece 126 for preparation.

[0062] The support component 126 includes: a second pneumatic slip ring 1261, a cylinder frame 1262, a fixing ring 1263, and inner support plates 1264. The second pneumatic slip ring 1261 is fixedly mounted on one side of the turntable 125, and its rotating part is connected to the third motor 127. A cylinder frame 1262 is fixedly mounted on one side of the rotating part of the second pneumatic slip ring 1261. An internal cylinder is installed inside the cylinder frame 1262. The piston rod of the internal cylinder in the cylinder frame 1262 extends out of the cylinder frame 1262. The extended end of the piston rod is fixedly fitted with a fixing ring 1263. Four inner support plates 1264 are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the cylinder frame 1262. The surfaces of the four inner support plates 1264 are sandblasted to achieve a surface roughness of Ra2.5-3.2μm to enhance the friction with the inner wall of the filter bag and prevent the filter bag from slipping during the tightening and rotation process. The inner side of the inner support plate 1264 is connected to the outer wall of the cylinder frame 1262 via a hinge, and the outer edge is rounded with a radius of 5mm to prevent scratches on the inner wall of the filter bag when tightened. Each inner support plate 1264 is also connected to a connecting rod, the other end of which is hinged to the fixing ring 1263. When the piston rod of the built-in cylinder in the cylinder frame 1262 extends, it pushes the fixing ring 1263 forward, causing the four inner support plates 1264 to rotate outward around the hinge via the connecting rod, achieving radial tightening of the filter bag's cylindrical structure. When the piston rod retracts, the inner support plates 1264 retract inward under their own weight and the pull of the connecting rod, facilitating the loading and unloading of the filter bag. The inner support plate 1264 has a tensioning stroke of 0-50mm, which can accommodate filter bag cylindrical structures with a diameter range of 200-300mm. Its tensioning force can be controlled by adjusting the working air pressure of the built-in cylinder, with an adjustment range of 0.3-0.6MPa, ensuring that the filter bag is firmly tensioned without causing plastic deformation of the filter bag material due to excessive pressure. After the support component 126 tensions the filter bag, the third motor 127 drives it to rotate the filter bag at a constant speed of 5-15r / min, providing a stable rotational base for the subsequent coating mechanism 16 to uniformly coat the outer surface of the filter bag.

[0063] As a preferred option, the base 10 is further provided with a platform 13 fixedly mounted on the top, and a packaging mechanism 14 is provided on the top of the platform 13. The packaging mechanism 14 includes: a frame body 141 fixedly mounted on the top of the platform 13, and a through hole opened on one side of the frame body 141; a rotating ring 142 rotatably mounted on one side of the frame body 141, and hooks are provided on the entire surface of the rotating ring 142. The protective film is installed on the hooks in a set form, thereby achieving a tight and stable placement state.

[0064] The active drive unit 143 is located within the internal space of the frame body 141, and its main function is to drive the rotating ring 142 to rotate. The active drive unit 143 consists of two key components: a drive motor and a drive wheel. The drive motor is fixedly installed inside the frame body 141, and its output shaft is connected to the drive wheel via a key, achieving stable and efficient power transmission. The drive wheel and the rotating ring 142 are tightly fitted together, relying on the friction generated between them to drive the rotating ring 142 to rotate. When the drive motor starts, it drives the rotating ring 142 to rotate around its central axis.

[0065] The driven component 144 is also located inside the frame body 141, and it is connected to the driving component 143 via a specific transmission component. The driven component is composed of a rotating shaft and a driven wheel, and the driven wheel is connected to the driving wheel by a synchronous belt drive. This connection method ensures that the rotational speeds of the driving component 143 and the driven component 144 are consistent, thereby ensuring that the force on the rotating ring 142 is evenly distributed throughout the rotation process, effectively avoiding eccentric swaying.

[0066] Meanwhile, four auxiliary wheels are also provided on one side of the frame body 141. These auxiliary wheels also roll and fit against the outer circle of the rotating ring 142. The presence of the auxiliary wheels can further ensure the stability of the rotation of the rotating ring 142.

[0067] An auxiliary component 145 is disposed on the inner top wall of the through hole, and its function is to perform a cutting operation on the protective film to meet relevant work requirements. The auxiliary component 145 specifically includes the following parts: a cylinder 1451, a clamping plate 1452, a fixing sleeve 1453, and a cutter 1454. The cylinder 1451 and the fixing sleeve 1453 are both securely disposed on the inner top wall of the through hole. The fixing sleeve 1453 is slidably mounted on the piston rod of the cylinder 1451, and the clamping plate 1452 is disposed at one end of the piston rod. Simultaneously, the cutter 1454 is disposed on the surface of the fixing sleeve 1453, and this cutter 1454 needs to cooperate with the clamping plate 1452 for use. Before use, the free end of the protective film needs to be carefully clamped between the clamping plate 1452 and the fixing sleeve 1453. When packing items, during the crucial final step, cylinder 1451 activates, extending clamping plate 1452 outwards. This allows the protective film to wrap around the piston rod. Cylinder 1451 then moves clamping plate 1452 back, causing one side of the protective film to contact the cutter 1454, ultimately cutting it off. Simultaneously, the other side of the protective film is firmly clamped by clamping plate 1452 and fixing block 1453. This process ensures smooth progress for the next packing operation, allowing the entire packing process to continue uninterrupted.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, the coating mechanism 16 further includes: a coating machine 161 fixedly mounted on the top of the stand 15, providing a stable support foundation for the entire coating operation, ensuring that there will be no shaking or displacement during the subsequent coating process, thereby ensuring that the coating operation can be carried out smoothly and stably. A coating head 162 is located at the output end of the coating machine 161, and the surface coating 1 output by the coating machine 161 can be accurately transferred to the coating head 162 through the output end, thus preparing for subsequent coating operations. A control valve 163 is located on the coating head 162, and its main function is to precisely control the material output. By operating the control valve 163, the flow rate and flow speed of the coating material can be flexibly controlled to meet the needs of different coating scenarios.

[0069] The coating head 162 is made of wear-resistant ceramic material with a surface hardness exceeding HRA85, giving it excellent wear and corrosion resistance. During long-term coating operations, it effectively resists friction from the coating material and erosion from the external environment, significantly extending the coating head's service life. Simultaneously, it reduces coating thickness deviations caused by wear, ensuring stable and consistent coating quality. The outlet diameter of the coating head 162 is precisely designed at 3mm, ensuring normal material flow while meeting coating range and accuracy requirements. A detachable coating nozzle is also provided at the outlet, allowing for flexible replacement of its inner diameter to meet different coating thickness requirements. Available sizes include 1mm, 2mm, and 3mm, allowing for the application of coatings of varying thicknesses by changing the nozzle's inner diameter, thus improving the flexibility and adaptability of the coating operation.

[0070] The coating head 162 is connected to the output end of the coating machine 161 via a quick-change connector, a connection method with numerous advantages. It facilitates rapid replacement and maintenance of the coating head; when a coating head malfunctions or needs to be replaced with a different specification, the operation can be completed quickly, reducing equipment downtime and improving production efficiency. The control valve 163 employs an electromagnetic proportional valve, characterized by its fast response time of less than 50ms. This allows for precise control of the coating material flow rate, with a control accuracy of ±0.5%FS. During the coating process, it ensures the stability of the coating material output, avoiding fluctuations in flow rate, thereby guaranteeing the quality and uniformity of the coating.

[0071] The coating machine 161 integrates pressure and flow sensors, which play crucial roles. These sensors monitor the working pressure and material flow of the coating system in real time and promptly feed the data back to the control system. When the pressure or flow exceeds the set range, the system automatically issues an alarm signal and stops the coating operation. This design allows for timely detection of problems in the coating system, preventing coating quality from being affected by abnormal pressure or flow, and ensuring smooth coating operations. The coating mechanism 16 is also equipped with a heating and insulation device, which heats the coating material through a heating belt wrapped around the material delivery pipeline. The heating temperature can be flexibly adjusted within the range of 20-80℃, with a temperature control accuracy of ±1℃. Precise temperature control ensures that the coating material maintains good fluidity at a suitable temperature, preventing increased material viscosity due to excessively low temperatures, which could affect the coating effect and guarantee the quality of the coating operation.

[0072] During the coating process, the distance between the coating head 162 and the outer surface of the filter bag can be monitored and adjusted in real time using a laser displacement sensor. The distance is set within a range of 5-20mm. Real-time monitoring and adjustment ensure a constant working distance between the coating head and the filter bag surface. This avoids uneven coating due to excessively close or far distances, resulting in uniform coating and improving the quality and effectiveness of the filter bag coating.

[0073] In this case, the pressure rollers, electric slide rails, feeding guns, sealing tapes, motors, cylinders, pneumatic slip rings, and coating machines involved are all existing technologies. That is to say, these devices and components already exist and are well-known in the current technical field. For this case, as long as the specific devices and components such as pressure rollers, electric slide rails, feeding guns, sealing tapes, motors, cylinders, pneumatic slip rings, and coating machines meet the requirements proposed in this case, they can all be used in this case, regardless of their specific brand, model, or other details, as long as they meet the standards set by this case.

[0074] The specific types or circuit structures of the controllers for the electrical components mentioned in this application, as well as the circuit connection relationships between the electrical components and the accurate coordinated control of multiple power components, are all prior art. Therefore, the above content will not be elaborated in this application.

[0075] Working Principle: All electrical components mentioned in this application are externally connected to a power supply and control switch during use. After installation, the installation, fixation, and safety precautions of this invention are first checked before use. First, the preparation of the dust-receiving fiber layer 2, the base fabric layer 3, and the clean surface fiber layer 4 are carried out separately. The first step in preparing the dust-receiving fiber layer 2 is selecting a suitable fiber material. This selection process is crucial because a suitable fiber material is the foundation for ensuring the excellent performance of the dust-receiving fiber layer 2. After selecting the fiber material, a series of complex processing steps are required, including but not limited to stretching, carding, and forming. Through these processes, the dust-receiving fiber layer 2 acquires corresponding physical properties and structural characteristics, such as suitable porosity and good flexibility, so as to better fulfill its role in the overall structure. The preparation process of the base fabric layer 3 has a different focus. Special attention needs to be paid to its strength and stability. Since the base fabric layer 3 plays a supporting role in the entire structure, it possesses sufficient strength and stability to provide support for the entire structure, ensuring that the entire structure will not deform or be damaged by external forces during use. Therefore, high-strength fiber materials are selected and appropriate weaving techniques are employed when preparing the base fabric layer 3 to ensure that its strength and stability meet design requirements. The preparation of the clean surface fiber layer 4 focuses on its filtration and cleaning functions. Fiber materials with special filtration properties are selected and processed using special techniques to create a structure that effectively filters impurities. Thus, when air or liquid containing impurities passes through the clean surface fiber layer 4, the impurities are effectively intercepted and filtered, ensuring the overall cleanliness of the structure. After the dust-receiving fiber layer 2, base fabric layer 3, and clean surface fiber layer 4 are all prepared, they are further processed into a felt-like structure using a needle-punching process. The needle-punching process allows the three layers to bond more tightly and also improves the strength and stability of the entire felt-like structure, making it more durable and reliable.

[0076] Subsequently, in preparing surface coating 1, graphene dispersion, foaming agent, polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, gelling agent, coupling agent, and deionized water were mixed sequentially in a mass ratio of 8:1.5:21:4:1:60 and mechanically stirred at a low speed of 100 rpm for 3-5 minutes for premixing. During premixing, ammonia water was gradually added at a dosage of 1:3 (ammonia to foaming agent mass ratio). The premixed graphene coating solution was then transferred to a foaming machine. Graphene impregnation aid 5 was composed of graphene powder, PTFE emulsion, and purified water in a mass ratio of 0.02:8:15.

[0077] Subsequently, to further optimize the performance of the needle-punched felt, the dust-facing fiber layer 2 needs to undergo singeing and hot-pressing treatment. Singeing removes the fuzz from the surface of the dust-facing fiber layer 2, making the surface smoother; hot-pressing makes the fiber layer structure denser, improving overall stability. Simultaneously, the graphene impregnation agent 5 is placed into the storage tank. The feeding gun 27 is connected to an external metering pump via a high-pressure hose. The metering pump precisely delivers the graphene impregnation agent 5 from the storage tank to the feeding gun 27, ensuring accurate and stable delivery.

[0078] Then, the needle-punched felt is conveyed in an orderly manner through a conveying device. During the conveying process, it is essential to ensure that the needle-punched felt can smoothly pass through the impregnation mechanism 8. The feed gun 27 accurately delivers the graphene impregnation agent 5 into the impregnation area, thereby ensuring that the needle-punched felt is fully impregnated with the graphene impregnation agent 5. After impregnation, the needle-punched felt needs to be squeezed by the upper pressure roller 21 and the lower pressure roller 22. Through the squeezing of these two pressure rollers, excess graphene impregnation agent 5 in the needle-punched felt can be squeezed out, thus ensuring that the amount of graphene impregnation agent 5 on the needle-punched felt is uniform and fully meets the requirements specified in the process.

[0079] Next, the needle-punched felt needs to be dried using a heat-drying device. In this device, the temperature must be strictly controlled within the range of 180-200℃. The drying time must be precisely controlled to 5 minutes. Under these specific temperature and time conditions, the graphene impregnation agent 5 can fully penetrate and adhere to the fiber surface and internal pores of the dust-facing fiber layer 2. Once the graphene impregnation agent 5 has fully penetrated and adhered, a preliminary conductive path can be formed. This conductive path effectively improves the antistatic performance of the filter bag, making it safer and more reliable in actual use.

[0080] First, the dried needle-punched felt undergoes further processing, being sewn into a cylindrical structure using a sewing machine. Then, these processed cylindrical needle-punched felts are sequentially fitted onto the support member 126. Next, the surface coating 1 and the coating machine 161 are connected via specialized piping. Once the coating machine 161 is started, its internal pressure and flow sensors continuously monitor the coating system's working pressure and material flow rate in real time. At this point, the control system, based on pre-set coating parameters such as specific requirements for coating thickness, performs precise calculations and selections, choosing a coating nozzle with a suitable inner diameter and securely installing it at the outlet of the coating head 162.

[0081] During the coating operation, the third motor 127 is first started, allowing it to fully function and slowly rotate the filter bag. While the filter bag rotates, the coating head 162 first performs a detailed coating on the outer ring of the filter bag. After the outer ring coating is complete, the moving mechanism 11 begins to function, moving the entire loading mechanism 12 horizontally by a distance equal to the coating width. Once in position, the second coating operation is performed following the previous procedure. In this way, the surface coating 1 is gradually and evenly applied to the surface of the filter bag. Then, the moving mechanism 11 continues to function, moving the loading mechanism 12 forward, allowing the coated filter bag to smoothly enter the packaging mechanism 14. In the packaging mechanism 14, the active drive component 143 starts operating, slowly rotating the rotating ring 142. The rotation of the rotating ring 142 wraps the protective film layer by layer around the surface coating 1, preventing scratches or contamination of the surface coating 1 during subsequent handling and storage. When the protective film is wound for the last turn, cylinder 1451 starts operating, driving clamping plate 1452 to extend outward, allowing the protective film to smoothly wrap around the piston rod. Subsequently, cylinder 1451 moves clamping plate 1452 back, during which one side of the protective film contacts and is cut by cutter 1454, while the other side is tightly clamped by clamping plate 1452 and fixing block 1453, thus preparing it for the next packaging operation. Afterward, the packaged filter bag is heat-cured and the protective film is removed, completing the entire process of preparing the antistatic filter bag.

[0082] Then, the moving mechanism 11 begins to move, driving the loading mechanism 12 to move back. Simultaneously, the second motor 122 starts operating, rotating the turntable 125. The rotation of the turntable 125 moves the filter bag from the second station to the processing position of the coating head 162. After this, the coating operation is performed according to the previously described operating steps and procedures.

[0083] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention; therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention; no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0084] In the description of this invention, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more. Unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. The terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0085] In the description of this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this invention, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0086] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an antistatic filter bag, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Prepare the dust-facing fiber layer, the base fabric layer, and the clean surface fiber layer, and then combine the three layers into a felt by needle punching. S2: Preparation of surface coating and graphene impregnation aid; wherein the surface coating comprises graphene dispersion, foaming agent, polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, gelling agent, coupling agent and deionized water; the graphene impregnation aid comprises graphene powder, PTFE emulsion and purified water; S3: The fiber layer of the needle-punched felt facing the dust is singed and hot-pressed. S4: The needle-punched felt is impregnated with graphene impregnation agent by an impregnation mechanism, and then dried by a hot drying equipment; S5: Place the impregnated needle-punched felt onto the feeding mechanism and, in conjunction with the coating mechanism, apply a surface coating to the surface of the needle-punched felt. S6: During the coating process, the coated portion of the needle-punched felt is moved into the packaging mechanism by the moving mechanism, so that the packaging mechanism wraps the protective film on the needle-punched felt; S7: Heat-cure the coated needle-punched felt, and remove the protective film after heat curing.

2. The method for preparing the antistatic filter bag according to claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically, S1 consists of: the dust-receiving fiber layer comprising 0.89 dtex × 51 mm PPS fiber, 1.5 dtex × 51 mm PPS fiber, and 2.2 dtex × 51 mm PPS fiber; the base fabric layer using 105 g / m2 PTFE base fabric; and the clean surface fiber layer comprising 1.5 dtex × 51 mm PPS fiber and 2.2 dtex × 51 mm PPS fiber.

3. The method for preparing the antistatic filter bag according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper surface of the base fabric layer is covered with a dust-receiving fiber layer, and the lower surface of the base fabric layer is covered with a clean surface fiber layer. The dust-receiving fiber layer, the base fabric layer, and the clean surface fiber layer are needle-punched into a needle-punched felt by a needle-punching process.

4. The method for preparing the antistatic filter bag according to claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically, S2 is: S2.1: Graphene dispersion, foaming agent, polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, gelling agent, coupling agent and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 8:1.5:21:4:1:60 in sequence; S2.2: Then premixed by mechanical stirring; S2.3: Ammonia water is gradually added during premixing, at a mass ratio of 3:

1. S2.4: The premixed graphene coating solution is transferred to a foaming machine, and the graphene coating is stirred to a semi-viscous flow state, causing its volume to expand to 1 / 3 of its original size.

5. The method for preparing the antistatic filter bag according to claim 4, characterized in that, Specifically, S2.1 is as follows: S2.1.1: The graphene dispersion is composed of graphene powder, polyvinyl alcohol dispersant, N-methylpyrrolidone solvent and deionized water. The graphene powder is first added to the N-methylpyrrolidone solvent at a mass ratio of 5:

45. S2.1.2: The mixture of graphene powder and N-methylpyrrolidone solvent is first mechanically stirred for 5-10 minutes at room temperature to form a preliminary suspension and reduce graphene agglomeration; S2.1.3: Polyvinyl alcohol dispersant is composed of polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:

4. When preparing polyvinyl alcohol dispersant, polyvinyl alcohol is first added to deionized water for 1 hour to absorb water and swell. Then, the temperature is gradually increased and accompanied by physical stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved and there are no fine particles to prepare the dispersant. S2.1.4: Add the prepared polyvinyl alcohol dispersant to the prepared graphene preliminary suspension, and mix the graphene preliminary suspension and polyvinyl alcohol dispersant at a mass ratio of 50:0.2; S2.1.5: Then, use an ultrasonic oscillator to oscillate it for 30 minutes at room temperature, using an intermittent oscillation mode of continuous oscillation for 15 minutes and pause for 5 minutes, to ensure that the solution temperature is ≤50℃ during the oscillation operation to prevent graphene oxidation.

6. The method for preparing the antistatic filter bag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impregnation mechanism is arranged between a set of fixed seats, the fixed seats are arranged on the top of the frame, and the bottom of the frame is provided with support legs; The impregnation mechanism includes: An immersion shell is fixedly disposed between a set of the aforementioned fixing seats, and a sliding opening is provided on its top. A temperature and humidity sensor and a liquid level sensor are disposed inside the shell. Two sets of sealing strips are respectively installed at the inlet and outlet of the impregnated shell; The guide roller is rotatably disposed within the impregnation shell; The inner slider is slidably disposed within the sliding opening via a sliding pair; Two corrugated protective strips are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner slider, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the sliding port.

7. The method for preparing the antistatic filter bag according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the frame is symmetrically provided with a feed roller and a set of mounting brackets, which are located on both sides of the immersion shell; The mounting frame is provided with a first connecting seat and a second connecting seat in the vertical direction. The first connecting seat is slidably disposed in the mounting frame, and the second connecting seat is fixedly disposed on the top of the frame. An upper pressure roller is rotatably disposed between a group of first connecting seats, and a lower pressure roller is rotatably disposed between a group of second connecting seats. The mounting bracket has a threaded hole at the top, and a screw is threaded into the threaded hole. A connecting rod is rotatably provided at the bottom of the screw. A spring is provided between the screw and the first connecting seat, and the spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod.

8. The method for preparing the antistatic filter bag according to claim 6, characterized in that, An electric slide rail is fixedly arranged between a group of fixed seats. The electric slide rail is located above the impregnation shell. A feeding gun is detachably arranged on the output end of the electric slide rail. The bottom of the feeding gun extends into the impregnation shell through the inner slider.

9. The method for preparing the antistatic filter bag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving mechanism is located on the top of the base, and the coating mechanism is located on the top of the stand; The moving mechanism includes: Two linear slide rails are symmetrically arranged on the top of the base, and a sliding pair is slidably provided on the top of the rails. A lead screw is rotatably mounted on top of the base and located between the two linear guide rails; The first motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the base and connected to the lead screw; The slider is threadedly fitted onto the lead screw; The mounting platform is fixedly installed on top of the sliding pair and the slider.

10. The method for preparing the antistatic filter bag according to claim 9, characterized in that, The loading mechanism is mounted on the moving mechanism; The loading mechanism includes: The connecting bracket is fixedly mounted on the mounting platform; The second motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting frame; The first pneumatic slip ring is fixedly mounted on one side of the connecting frame, and its rotating part is connected to the second motor; A turntable is fixedly mounted on one side of the rotating part of the first pneumatic slip ring; A rotating support is disposed between the connecting frame and the turntable, and is sleeved on the outside of the first pneumatic slip ring; Multiple support components are equidistantly arranged on one side of the turntable; Multiple third motors are equidistantly arranged on the other side of the turntable, corresponding to and connected to the material support components; The material support component includes: a second pneumatic slip ring, a cylinder frame, a fixed ring, and an inner support plate. The second pneumatic slip ring is fixedly disposed on one side of the turntable, and its rotating part is connected to the third motor. A cylinder frame is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating part of the second pneumatic slip ring. The built-in cylinder piston rod in the cylinder frame extends out of the cylinder frame. A fixing ring is fixedly fitted on the extended end of the piston rod. Multiple inner support plates are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the cylinder frame. The inner support plates are connected to the fixing ring and the cylinder frame respectively by connecting rods.

11. The method for preparing the antistatic filter bag according to claim 9, characterized in that, The base is also fixedly provided with a platform on top, and the packaging mechanism is provided on top of the platform. The packaging mechanism includes: The main frame is fixedly mounted on the top of the platform, and a through hole is provided on one side of it; A rotating ring is rotatably disposed on one side of the main frame body, and its surface is provided with a protective film; An active drive component, disposed within the frame body, is used to rotate the rotating ring; The driven component is disposed within the frame body and is connected to the active component via a transmission component; An auxiliary component, disposed on the inner top wall of the through hole, is used to cut the protective film; The auxiliary components include: a cylinder, a clamping plate, a fixing sleeve, and a cutter. The cylinder and the fixing sleeve are both fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the through hole. The fixing sleeve is slidably mounted on the piston rod of the cylinder. A clamping plate is fixedly mounted on one end of the piston rod. A cutter is provided on the surface of the fixing sleeve, and the cutter is used in conjunction with the clamping plate.

12. The method for preparing the antistatic filter bag according to claim 9, characterized in that, The coating mechanism includes: The coating machine is fixedly mounted on the top of the stand; A coating head is located at the output end of the coating machine; A control valve, located on the coating head, is used to control the material discharge.

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