A method and apparatus for coaxial adaptive laser melting and forming of light-filament-powder beams

By employing a three-beam coaxial adaptive laser melting and forming method (light-filament-powder), the state of the molten pool can be monitored and controlled in real time, solving the problems of forming quality and composition control in existing technologies and achieving high-precision and highly adaptive manufacturing results.

CN121755733BActive Publication Date: 2026-05-26NANJING UNIV OF AERONAUTICS & ASTRONAUTICS
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
NANJING UNIV OF AERONAUTICS & ASTRONAUTICS
Filing Date
2026-02-28
Publication Date
2026-05-26

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing technologies lack the ability to perceive the interaction mechanism of light, filament, and powder in the molten pool in real time, coaxially, and in multiple dimensions. This makes it difficult to achieve high precision and stability in forming quality and composition control, especially in the manufacture of materials with non-uniform gaps or functional gradients.

Method used

The three-beam coaxial adaptive laser melting and forming method of light-filament-powder is adopted. The multi-source signals of the molten pool area are collected in real time through the coaxial integrated monitoring module. The mapping relationship model is established by combining multi-signal fusion and intelligent algorithm to realize real-time control of laser power, wire feeding speed and powder feeding rate, forming a whole-process adaptive closed-loop control.

Benefits of technology

It enables the visualization, measurement, and controllability of the laser melting forming process, improves forming accuracy and microstructure properties, solves the problems of uneven gap repair and forming quality and composition control in the manufacturing of complex structural parts, and has high integration and strong adaptability.

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Abstract

This invention discloses a three-beam coaxial adaptive laser melting and forming method and apparatus, relating to the fields of metal additive manufacturing and laser welding technology. The method includes: activating a protective gas system; starting a high-precision real-time control system, acquiring multi-source signals from the molten pool region in real time through a monitoring module; transmitting the multi-source signals acquired by the monitoring module to a central processing unit to establish a mapping relationship model between monitoring features and process quality; based on the output of the mapping relationship model, real-time feedback control of laser power, wire feeding speed, and powder feeding rate; and repeating the adaptive control steps to achieve full-process adaptive closed-loop control of the forming path. This invention employs the aforementioned three-beam coaxial adaptive laser melting and forming method and apparatus, which has the advantages of good synergy and multiple control dimensions, enabling online real-time closed-loop control of the manufacturing process and solving the problems of uneven gap repair and forming defects and composition control in the preparation of functionally graded materials.
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