High-speed rail axle surface induction hardening automatic production line

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail traffic component manufacturing, and discloses a high-speed rail axle surface induction quenching automatic production line which comprises a servo feeding table, a feeding and discharging truss device, a horizontal quenching machine tool, a self-adaptive quenching cooling device, a tempering conveying device, a safety protection device and an electric control cabinet. The middle scanning type induction quenching device and the two-end fixed type induction quenching device are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the horizontal axle jacking device respectively. Automatic feeding and discharging and accurate positioning of the axle are achieved through the feeding and discharging truss device, and full-automatic production of axle surface induction quenching is achieved in combination with the horizontal quenching machine tool and the multiple matched induction quenching devices. According to the equipment, the problems of low efficiency, unstable axle clamping position precision, unstable product quality, high manual labor intensity and the like caused by manual operation are effectively solved, and the production efficiency, the product percent of pass and the quality stability are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit component manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to an automated production line for surface induction hardening of high-speed train axles. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed trains have more stringent requirements for the safety, reliability, and economy of their key components—axles—throughout their entire life cycle. Surface induction hardening, as a key process for improving the axle's resistance to fretting fatigue, impact resistance, and extending its remaining lifespan, directly determines the safety and reliability of high-speed train operation and affects the vehicle's maintenance and operating costs throughout its entire life cycle, depending on the uniformity and stability of its processing quality.

[0003] Induction hardening is a delicate heat treatment process. Automated production equipment can ensure consistent quality in induction hardening of axles. Manual loading introduces installation errors, affecting product processing quality. Furthermore, the axles being processed are long, making manual handling difficult and inefficient. Traditional manual or semi-automatic induction hardening equipment is significantly affected by human and environmental factors, resulting in inconsistent induction hardening process parameters and unstable product quality. Delayed tempering after induction hardening can cause surface cracking or deformation of the axle, affecting subsequent processing and assembly.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automated production line that can meet the needs of producing large quantities of induction-quenched locomotive axles of multiple models. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention proposes an automated production line for surface induction hardening of high-speed train axles, aiming to solve the technical bottlenecks of low efficiency and low automation in existing processes. This equipment not only significantly improves production efficiency and reduces manual labor input, but also enhances the controllability of axle surface induction hardening quality, thereby improving product qualification rate from both efficiency and quality perspectives.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An automated production line for surface induction hardening of high-speed train axles includes: The servo feeder defines the front-to-back direction of the equipment as the X-axis, the left-to-right direction as the Y-axis, and the direction of gravity as the Z-axis; the servo feeder is used to transport the axle, which is arranged horizontally in the Y-axis direction, along the X-axis direction. The loading and unloading gantry device is located behind the servo feeder and is used to transport the axle, which is arranged horizontally in the Y-axis direction, along the X-axis and Y-axis directions. A horizontal quenching machine tool, located below the loading and unloading gantry and corresponding to the servo feed table, is used to clamp and quench axles transported by the loading and unloading gantry. The horizontal quenching machine tool includes a machine body with a machine body feed inlet at the top. Within the machine body's machining area, a horizontal axle clamping device, a central scanning induction quenching device, and a two-end fixed induction quenching device are installed in the center and on either side of the horizontal axle clamping device. The horizontal axle clamping device includes an automatic chuck for clamping one end of the axle and an axle ejector pin for holding the other end of the axle. The axle ejector pin has X and Y axial freedom. The axle is clamped and below it are paired auxiliary support devices for supporting the axle during quenching. Each auxiliary support device has a Z-axis lifting function to provide adjustable support during quenching. The intermediate scanning induction quenching device has X and Y axial degrees of freedom and is used for segmented scanning quenching of the intermediate axle section. When the induction heating coil in the intermediate scanning induction quenching device is not working, it is located on the side of the axle ejector pin. The two fixed induction quenching devices include two fixed induction quenching devices, which are used to quench the areas at both ends of the axle. Both fixed induction quenching devices have X and Y axial degrees of freedom. An adaptive quenching and cooling device is located adjacent to a horizontal quenching machine tool and supplies quenching medium to the intermediate scanning induction quenching device and the two-end fixed induction quenching device in the horizontal quenching machine tool. The tempering conveyor is located at the rear of the loading and unloading gantry assembly and is used to temper and convey the axles transported by the loading and unloading gantry assembly to the rear. Safety protection devices are used to enclose the servo feeding table, loading and unloading gantry device, horizontal quenching machine tool, adaptive quenching and cooling device and tempering transmission device, forming a closed physical isolation barrier. The electrical control cabinet is electrically connected to the servo feeding table, loading and unloading gantry device, horizontal quenching machine tool, adaptive quenching and cooling device, and tempering transmission device to achieve overall control of the equipment.

[0008] Preferably, the servo feeding table includes a workbench base frame installed on the ground. A feeding platform capable of moving up, down, forward, and backward is installed at the upper middle position of the workbench base frame. A series of V-blocks are arranged along the Y-axis on both sides of the top of the feeding platform and the workbench base frame. A single axle is lifted and fed forward by the feeding platform, and finally supported and positioned by several corresponding V-blocks along the Y-axis on the feeding platform and the workbench base frame. A platform connecting shaft in the Y-axis direction is installed at the bottom of the feeding platform. Servo motors are installed on the left and right sides of the workbench base frame below the feeding platform. The motor output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to one end of a rocker block, and the other end of the rocker block is fixedly connected to the corresponding platform connecting shaft. The servo motor drives the rocker block to swing according to the control command, and then pushes and pulls the feeding platform through the platform connecting shaft. A photoelectric sensor for detecting whether the axle has reached the preset feeding position is also installed on the V-block at the rear end of the servo feeding table.

[0009] Preferably, the loading and unloading truss device includes a truss body, a bridge, and a truss robot. The truss body includes two supports arranged opposite each other on the left and right. The bridge is slidably installed between the two supports along the X-axis. The truss robot is slidably installed on the bridge along the Y-axis. The lower end of the truss robot is equipped with a horizontal gripper capable of gripping axles arranged horizontally in the Y-axis direction.

[0010] Preferably, the auxiliary support device includes an axle V-shaped support roller, and a lifting mechanism and a lifting drive motor are installed below the axle V-shaped support roller to achieve its Z-axis lifting. The auxiliary support base installed below the lifting mechanism and the lifting drive motor also has a Y-axis degree of freedom.

[0011] Preferably, the intermediate scanning induction hardening device integrates an induction heating coil and a circular spray head as a hardening unit, and the circular spray head is provided with a spray nozzle; the first fixed induction hardening device and the second fixed induction hardening device have the same structure, and each of them integrates an arc-shaped induction heating coil and a spray plate as a hardening unit, and the spray plate is provided with a spray nozzle; the intermediate scanning induction hardening device and the two fixed induction hardening devices work together to achieve precise hardening processing of the entire length of the axle in different areas; the front and rear sides of the clamped axle are also provided with baffles, and the baffles are provided with guide holes in the Y-axis direction for the hardening units on the corresponding induction hardening devices to pass through.

[0012] Preferably, the adaptive quenching and cooling device includes a quenching medium tank, the outlet pipe of which is connected to the inlet pipe of the main hydraulic pump, the first outlet pipe of the main hydraulic pump is connected to the inlet pipe of the quenching medium tank, and the second outlet pipe of the main hydraulic pump is connected to several high-pressure pipeline systems. Each high-pressure pipeline system is equipped with an electrically controlled proportional valve, and the end port of the high-pressure pipeline system is connected to the spray port of the corresponding induction quenching device. A pressure sensor and a flow meter are also integrated on the main pipeline between each electrically controlled proportional valve and the corresponding spray port. The programmable logic controller integrated in the electrical control cabinet establishes a signal connection with the electrically controlled proportional valve, pressure sensor, and flow meter through an industrial bus to form a closed-loop control system. A temperature sensor is installed in the quenching medium tank and is connected to the programmable logic controller to monitor the temperature of the quenching medium and link it with the temperature control system. The outlet branch pipe of the main hydraulic pump is also connected in parallel to an accumulator for stabilizing the system pressure and providing instantaneous large flow replenishment.

[0013] Preferably, the tempering transmission device includes a tempering furnace and an axle transmission device. The front side of the tempering furnace is the furnace inlet, and the rear side is the furnace outlet. The axle transmission device includes a conveyor frame that runs through the furnace inlet and outlet. Sprockets are installed at both the front and rear ends of the conveyor frame, and a high-temperature resistant conveyor chain is meshed between the front and rear sprockets. Several sets of axle positioning components are installed on the upper part of the high-temperature resistant conveyor chain, with each set corresponding to one axle. Each set of axle positioning components includes two axle tail end clamping devices that axially constrain both ends of the axle along the Y-axis and several V-shaped roller brackets. The V-shaped roller brackets are located between the two axle tail end clamping devices in the same set and are used for radial positioning of the axle. The distance between the two rollers on the V-shaped roller brackets is adjustable. Drive motors are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the front end of the conveyor frame. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the corresponding sprocket. The drive motor drives the sprocket to rotate according to the control command, thereby driving the axle on the high-temperature resistant conveyor chain to be transmitted backward.

[0014] Preferably, several ejector pin bracket seats are installed on the left and right sides of the high-temperature resistant conveyor chain. The axle tail end clamping device includes an axle ejector pin two that is installed through the ejector pin bracket seat and has a Y-axis axial degree of freedom. The tip side of the axle ejector pin two faces the axle end, and a limit plate is installed on the non-tip side. Several return springs are connected between the ejector pin bracket seat and the limit plate. A pair of electromagnets are arranged opposite each other on the left and right sides of the conveyor frame near the feed port and discharge port of the tempering furnace. The two electromagnets in the pair are located at both ends of the axle axis. When the axle tail end clamping device passes the electromagnet, the electromagnet is energized and attracts the non-tip side of the axle ejector pin two, so that the distance between the two opposite axle ejector pins two on the high-temperature resistant conveyor chain increases. After the axle is placed, the electromagnet is de-energized. Under the action of the return spring, the distance between the two opposite axle ejector pins two is restored, so as to automatically clamp the axle end.

[0015] Preferably, a small gear is also installed outside the limiting plate on the non-tip side of the axle pin, and a rack extending along the X-axis and capable of meshing with the teeth on the lower side of the small gear is installed on the conveyor frame. The small gear and the rack cooperate to achieve slow rotation during the rearward conveying of the axle.

[0016] Preferably, the side of the safety protection device is provided with an inspection door with a safety interlock device, which automatically shuts down the equipment when the door is opened.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the automated production line for surface induction hardening of high-speed train axles of the present invention has the following advantages: (1) This invention realizes automatic loading and unloading and precise positioning of axles through a loading and unloading gantry device, and combined with a horizontal quenching machine tool and multiple supporting induction quenching devices, realizes fully automated production of induction quenching of axle surfaces. This equipment solves the problems of low efficiency of manual material transfer, unstable axle clamping position accuracy, high labor intensity, unstable quenching quality, and low production efficiency, improves the production efficiency and quality stability of induction quenched axles, ensures the safe service of induction quenched axles throughout their entire life cycle, and reduces the production cost throughout the entire life cycle.

[0018] (2) In the tempering transmission device of the present invention, a return spring is provided on the axle tail end clamping device. Through the linkage between the return spring and the electromagnet, the failure protection clamping of the axle is realized by "clamping when de-energized and releasing when energized". At the same time, the V-shaped roller bracket located between the two axle tail end clamping devices in each group can be used for radial positioning and rotational guidance of the axle, realizing stable constraint and uniform heating of multiple axles during the tempering process. Moreover, the distance between the two rollers on the V-shaped roller bracket is adjustable, which can also be adapted to different models of axles.

[0019] (3) The safety protection device in this invention encloses the servo feeding table, loading and unloading gantry device, horizontal quenching machine tool, adaptive quenching cooling device, and tempering transmission device, forming a closed physical isolation barrier. During equipment operation, it is normally closed and locked, effectively preventing personnel from accidentally entering the dangerous area. The side of the safety protection device is equipped with a maintenance door with a safety interlock device, which ensures that the equipment automatically shuts down when the door is open, taking into account both production safety and maintenance convenience. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an automated production line for surface induction hardening of high-speed train axles according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the feeding worktable (with shaft).

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the feeding worktable (without shafts).

[0024] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of a portion of the feeding worktable.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the loading and unloading gantry device.

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a horizontal quenching machine tool Figure I .

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a horizontal quenching machine tool Figure II .

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the induction heating coil and the annular spray head in the intermediate scanning induction hardening device.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped induction heating coil and spray plate in a fixed induction hardening device.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary support device.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a dynamically adjustable spray quenching device.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a magnified view of a portion of the dynamically adjustable spray quenching device.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the tempering transfer device.

[0034] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the tempering transfer device (excluding the tempering furnace). Figure I .

[0035] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the tempering transfer device (excluding the tempering furnace). Figure II .

[0036] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the axle end clamping device.

[0037] In the diagram: 1-Servo feeding table, 2-Loading and unloading gantry device, 3-Horizontal quenching machine tool, 4-Adaptive quenching and cooling device, 5-Tempering transfer device, 6-Safety protection device, 7-Electrical control cabinet; 8-Axle, 101-Workbench base frame, 102-Feeding table, 103-V-block, 104-Through-beam photoelectric sensor, 105-Table connecting shaft, 106-Servo motor, 107-Motor output shaft, 108-Shaped block; 201-Gantry body, 202-Bridge frame, 203-Gantry robot, 204-Horizontal gripper; 301-Machine tool body, 302-Intermediate scanning induction quenching device, 303-Two-end fixed induction quenching device, 304-Automatic chuck, 305-Axle ejector pin 1, 306-Auxiliary support device, 307-Water baffle, 3021-Induction heating coil 3022-Circular spray head, 3031-Arc-shaped induction heating coil, 3032-Spray plate, 3061-Axle V-shaped support roller, 3062-Lifting mechanism, 3063-Lifting drive motor, 3064-Auxiliary support base; 401-Quenching medium tank, 402-Main hydraulic pump, 403-High pressure pipeline system, 404-Electrically controlled proportional valve, 405-Pressure sensor, 406-Flow meter, 407-Temperature sensor, 408-Accumulator; 501-Temperature furnace, 502-Conveyor frame, 503-Sprocket, 504-High temperature resistant conveyor chain, 505-V-shaped roller bracket, 506-Drive motor, 507-Ejector pin bracket seat, 508-Axle ejector pin two, 509-Limiting plate, 510-Reset spring, 511-Electromagnet, 512-Pinary gear, 513-Rack. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0041] Example: like Figures 1-16 As shown, the present invention provides an automated production line for surface induction hardening of high-speed train axles, including a servo feeding table 1, a loading and unloading gantry device 2, a horizontal hardening machine tool 3, an adaptive hardening and cooling device 4, a tempering transfer device 5, a safety protection device 6, and an electrical control cabinet 7.

[0042] Here, the front-to-back direction of the equipment is defined as the X-axis, the left-to-right direction as the Y-axis, and the direction of gravity as the Z-axis; The servo feeder 1 is used to transport the axle 8, which is arranged horizontally in the Y-axis direction, along the X-axis direction.

[0043] Specifically, the servo feeder 1 includes a workbench base 101 mounted on the ground, which serves as the foundation support for the entire servo feeder 1. A feed platform 102 capable of vertical and horizontal movement is installed at the upper center of the workbench base 101. A series of V-blocks 103 are arranged along the Y-axis on both sides of the top of the feed platform and the workbench base. A single axle is lifted and fed forward by the feed platform 102, and ultimately supported and positioned by several corresponding V-blocks 103 along the Y-axis on the feed platform 102 and the workbench base 101. A Y-axis... The feed table connecting shaft 105 and the left and right sides of the workbench base 101 below the feed table are respectively equipped with servo motors 106. The motor output shaft 107 of the servo motor 106 is fixedly connected to one end of a rocker block 108, and the other end of the rocker block 108 is fixedly connected to the corresponding feed table connecting shaft 105. According to the control command, the servo motor 106 drives the rocker block 108 to swing by precisely controlling its rotation angle and speed, and then pushes and pulls the feed table 102 through the feed table connecting shaft 105, so that it moves precisely to the target position along the preset path, and finally realizes the automated feeding of the axle 8, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the axle feeding process.

[0044] A photoelectric sensor 104 for detecting whether the axle has reached the preset feeding position is also installed on the V-shaped block at the rear end of the servo feeder 1.

[0045] The loading and unloading gantry device 2 is located behind the servo feeding table 1 and is used to transport the axle 8, which is arranged horizontally in the Y-axis direction, along the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0046] Specifically, the loading and unloading truss device 2 includes a truss body 201, a bridge 202, and a truss robot 203. Through the coordinated movement of the truss body 201, the bridge 202, and the truss robot 203, the fully automatic loading and unloading of the axle 8 is realized. The truss body 201 includes two supports arranged opposite each other on the left and right. The bridge 202 is slidably installed between the two supports along the X-axis. The truss robot 203 is slidably installed on the bridge 202 along the Y-axis. The lower end of the truss robot 203 is equipped with a horizontal gripper 204 capable of gripping the axle 8 arranged horizontally in the Y-axis direction.

[0047] In this embodiment, the horizontal gripper 204 at the end of the gantry robot 203 picks up the axle 8 on the servo feed table 1. Then, the gantry robot 203 will pick up the blank axle and transport it to the horizontal quenching machine tool 3 for processing according to the preset program. After quenching, the gantry robot 203 will pick up the axle 8 and transfer it to the tempering transfer device 5 for tempering treatment.

[0048] The horizontal quenching machine tool 3 is located below the loading and unloading gantry device 2 and corresponds to the servo feeding table 1 in front and behind, and is used to clamp and quench the axle 8 transported by the loading and unloading gantry device 2.

[0049] Specifically, the horizontal quenching machine tool 3 includes a machine tool body 301, the top of which is provided with a machine tool body feed port, and the machining area inside the machine tool body 301 is equipped with a horizontal axle clamping device and a middle scanning induction quenching device 302 and a two-end fixed induction quenching device respectively located on the front and rear sides of the horizontal axle clamping device.

[0050] The horizontal clamping device for the axle includes an automatic chuck 304 for clamping one end of the axle and an axle pin 305 for pressing against the other end of the axle. In this embodiment, the automatic chuck 304 is located at the rear end of the machine tool table, and the axle pin 305 is installed at the front end of the machine tool spindle box. The axle pin 305 has X and Y axial degrees of freedom. The automatic chuck 304 and the axle pin 305 together constitute a coaxial clamping structure of "one clamp and one press" for the axle.

[0051] The axle ejector pin has X and Y axial degrees of freedom. The X axial degree of freedom is used to adapt to the clamping requirements of axles of different lengths, and the Y axial degree of freedom is used to fine-tune the radial position of the axle to ensure that the axle axis is coaxial with the clamping axis of the automatic chuck (coaxiality error ≤ 0.05mm), thus avoiding uneven quenching layer thickness due to clamping eccentricity.

[0052] It should be noted that the axle ejector pin can be replaced when quenching different models of axles, enabling the equipment to perform automated surface induction hardening treatment on different types of axles.

[0053] Below the clamped axle are arranged a pair of auxiliary support devices 306 for auxiliary support during axle quenching, and each auxiliary support device 306 has a Z-axis lifting function to provide adjustable support during quenching and avoid interference with other corresponding components.

[0054] More specifically, the auxiliary support device 306 includes an axle V-shaped support roller 3061, a lifting mechanism 3062 and a lifting drive motor 3063 for achieving Z-axis lifting are installed below the axle V-shaped support roller 3061, and the auxiliary support base 3064 installed below the lifting mechanism 3062 and the lifting drive motor 3063 also has Y-axis freedom.

[0055] The core function of the auxiliary support base's Y-axis freedom is to achieve dynamic anti-interference coordination with the movement of the intermediate scanning induction hardening device. Specifically, when the intermediate scanning induction hardening device moves along the axle length direction (Y-axis) to perform hardening operations on a certain axle segment, the control program instructs the corresponding auxiliary support base to make micro-adjustments along the Y-axis perpendicular to the axle (the horizontal direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the hardening device), precisely offsetting its V-shaped support rollers to a preset "non-hardening area" (usually set with an offset of about 10mm), thereby completely avoiding physical collisions or spatial interference between the induction heating coil and the support rollers. After the hardening of that axle segment is completed and the induction device is removed, the auxiliary support base automatically returns to its original support position, continuing to provide stable support for the axle. This intelligent avoidance mechanism ensures that the hardening device can complete the full-segment scanning operation of the axle segment without obstruction, provided that the long axle is supported throughout.

[0056] The intermediate scanning induction hardening device 302 has X and Y axial degrees of freedom and is used for segmented scanning hardening of the intermediate section of the axle. When the induction heating coil 3021 in the intermediate scanning induction hardening device 302 is not working, it is located on the side of the axle ejector pin to avoid interference during the clamping and unclamping of the axle. The two-end fixed induction hardening device 303 includes two fixed induction hardening devices, which are used to harden the areas at both ends of the axle respectively. Both fixed induction hardening devices have X and Y axial degrees of freedom. In this embodiment, the intermediate scanning induction hardening device 302 integrates an induction heating coil 3021 and a circular spray head 3022 as a hardening unit, and the circular spray head 3022 is provided with a spray nozzle. The first fixed induction hardening device and the second fixed induction hardening device have the same structure, and both of them integrate an arc-shaped induction heating coil 3031 and a spray plate 3032 as a hardening unit, and the spray plate 3032 is provided with a spray nozzle. The intermediate scanning induction hardening device 302 works in conjunction with the two fixed induction hardening devices to achieve precise hardening processing of the entire length of the axle in different areas.

[0057] Meanwhile, baffles 307 that restrict the spraying area of ​​the quenching medium are provided on both the front and rear sides of the clamped axle. At the same time, guide holes in the Y-axis direction are provided on the baffles 307 for the quenching units on the corresponding induction quenching device to pass through.

[0058] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the intermediate scanning induction hardening device is referenced to the invention patent with publication number CN1119082410Y, entitled "An Induction Hardening Sensor for the Surface of Railway Axles". The specific structure of the fixed induction hardening device is referenced to the invention patent application with publication number CN121294826Y, entitled "A Fixed Induction Hardening Sensor for the Surface of High-Speed ​​Railway Axles".

[0059] The adaptive quenching and cooling device 4 is adjacent to the horizontal quenching machine tool 3 and supplies quenching medium to the intermediate scanning induction quenching device 302 and the two-end fixed induction quenching device 303 in the horizontal quenching machine tool 3.

[0060] Specifically, the adaptive quenching and cooling device 4 includes a quenching medium tank 401. The outlet pipe of the quenching medium tank 401 is connected to the inlet pipe of the main hydraulic pump 402. The first outlet pipe of the main hydraulic pump 402 is connected to the inlet pipe of the quenching medium tank 401. The second outlet pipe of the main hydraulic pump 402 is connected to several high-pressure pipeline systems 403 respectively. Each high-pressure pipeline system 403 is equipped with a corresponding electrically controlled proportional valve 404, and the end port of the high-pressure pipeline system 403 is connected to the spray port of the corresponding induction quenching device. A pressure sensor 4 is also integrated into the main pipeline between each electrically controlled proportional valve 404 and the corresponding spray port. The programmable logic controller (PLC) integrated in the electrical control cabinet 7, along with flow meter 406 and flow meter 405, establishes a signal connection with the electronically controlled proportional valve 404, pressure sensor 405, and flow meter 406 via an industrial bus, forming a closed-loop control system. This system can dynamically adjust the opening of the electronically controlled proportional valve 404 based on real-time monitored pressure and flow data. A temperature sensor 407 is installed in the quenching medium tank 401, which is connected to the PLC to monitor the temperature of the quenching medium and link it to the temperature control system. The outlet branch of the main hydraulic pump 402 is also connected in parallel to an accumulator 408 to stabilize the system pressure and provide instantaneous large flow replenishment.

[0061] The tempering transfer device 5 is located on the rear side of the loading and unloading gantry device 2, and is used to temper and transport the axles transported by the loading and unloading gantry device 2 to the rear.

[0062] Specifically, the tempering conveying device 5 includes a tempering furnace 501 and an axle conveying device. The front side of the tempering furnace 501 is the furnace inlet, and the rear side is the furnace outlet. The axle conveying device includes a conveyor frame 502 that runs through the furnace inlet and outlet. Sprockets 503 are installed at both the front and rear ends of the conveyor frame 502, and a high-temperature resistant conveyor chain 504 is meshed between the front and rear sprockets for synchronous conveying and tempering of multiple axles. Several sets of axle positioning components are installed on the upper part of the high-temperature resistant conveyor chain 504, with each set corresponding to one axle 8. Each axle positioning component includes two axle tail end caps that axially constrain both ends of the axle along the Y-axis. The conveyor frame 502 includes a tightening device and several V-shaped roller supports 505. The V-shaped roller supports 505 are located between the tightening devices at the tail ends of two axles in the same group. They are used to radially position the axles to ensure that the axles maintain axial alignment and continuous rotation during the conveying process. The distance between the two rollers on the V-shaped roller supports 505 is adjustable to accommodate different axle models. Drive motors 506 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the front end of the conveyor frame 502. The output shaft of the drive motor 506 is connected to the corresponding sprocket 503. The drive motor 506 drives the sprocket 503 to rotate according to the control command, thereby driving the axles on the high-temperature resistant conveyor chain 504 to be conveyed backward.

[0063] The drive motors on the left and right sides of the front end of the conveyor frame adopt a "PLC + encoder" synchronous control scheme. Each drive motor output shaft is equipped with a rotary encoder, which feeds back the rotation speed to the programmable logic controller in the electrical control cabinet in real time. The PLC dynamically adjusts the output torque of one of the motors by comparing the speed difference between the two encoders (the allowable difference is ≤5r / min) to ensure that the front and rear sprockets rotate at the same speed and avoid the high-temperature resistant conveyor chain from running off-center.

[0064] Furthermore, several ejector pin bracket seats 507 are installed on the left and right sides of the high-temperature resistant conveyor chain 504. The axle tail end clamping device includes an axle ejector pin 508 that is installed through the ejector pin bracket seat 507 and has a Y-axis axial degree of freedom. The tip side of the axle ejector pin 508 faces the axle end, and a limit plate 509 is installed on the non-tip side. Several return springs 510 are connected between the ejector pin bracket seat 507 and the limit plate 509. When the return springs 510 are in the relaxed state, the two axle ejector pins 508 on the high-temperature resistant conveyor chain 504 that are opposite each other can clamp the axle. Conveyor frame 502 A pair of electromagnets 511 are arranged opposite each other on the left and right sides near the feed inlet and discharge outlet of the tempering furnace. The two electromagnets are located at both ends of the axle axis. When the axle end clamping device passes the electromagnets 511, the electromagnets 511 are energized and attract the non-tip side of the axle pin 2 508, which increases the distance between the two opposite axle pins 2 on the high-temperature conveyor chain 504. After the axle is placed in, the electromagnets 511 are de-energized. Under the action of the return spring 510, the distance between the two opposite axle pins 2 is restored, so as to automatically clamp the axle end.

[0065] Meanwhile, a pinion 512 is installed on the limiting plate 509 on the non-tip side of the axle pin. A rack 513 extending along the X-axis and capable of meshing with the teeth on the lower side of the pinion is installed on the conveyor frame 502. The pinion 512 and the rack 513 work together to enable the axle to rotate slowly during the rearward conveying process, so as to ensure uniform heating of the axle.

[0066] Safety protection device 6 is used to enclose the servo feeding table 1, loading and unloading gantry device 2, horizontal quenching machine tool 3, adaptive quenching and cooling device 4, and tempering transmission device 5, forming a closed physical isolation barrier.

[0067] The safety protection device in this embodiment is assembled by welding a high-strength metal mesh and a rigid frame. It remains normally closed and locked during equipment operation, effectively preventing personnel from accidentally entering dangerous areas. A maintenance door with a safety interlock is located on the side of the safety protection device, ensuring automatic power-off and shutdown of the equipment when the door is open, thus balancing production safety with maintenance convenience.

[0068] The electrical control cabinet 7 is electrically connected to the servo feeding table 1, the loading and unloading gantry device 2, the horizontal quenching machine tool 3, the adaptive quenching and cooling device 4, and the tempering transmission device 5, respectively, to realize the overall control of the equipment.

[0069] The method of using this invention is further described below: The processing system is started, the equipment is powered on but no quenching command is executed, and the system is in standby monitoring state. The adaptive quenching cooling device 4 works first, and the main hydraulic pump 402 operates at low speed, providing the system's basic pressure and promoting the circulation of liquid in the quenching medium tank 401. The temperature sensor 407, immersed in the quenching medium tank 401, continuously and in real-time feeds back the quenching medium temperature signal to the system's control core—the programmable logic controller (PLC). The PLC compares the real-time temperature value fed back by the temperature sensor 407 with the preset process temperature range (35℃±5℃ for water-based quenching liquid), and then adjusts the real-time temperature. Only when the real-time temperature reaches the preset range will the PLC generate a "temperature ready" permission signal. This signal is the "enable" condition for starting all subsequent quenching actions. At the same time, after generating the "temperature ready" permission signal, the main hydraulic pump 402 switches to full-power operating mode to establish system pressure. The PLC sets an initial opening degree through the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 404 according to the preset process parameters. Pressure sensors 405 and flow meters 406 installed on each main pipeline provide real-time feedback data. The programmable logic controller compares this data with the set value and dynamically adjusts the opening of the electronically controlled proportional valve 404 to form a high-response closed-loop control, ensuring that the system is in a stable and precise ready-to-spray state before the spraying starts.

[0070] Subsequently, the servo feeder 1 begins operation. A through-beam photoelectric sensor 104 is installed at the end of the track of the servo feeder 1. When the axle 8 is fed to the end of the track and reaches the preset picking position of the gantry robot 203, and the through-beam photoelectric sensor 104 detects the axle 8, the servo feeder 1 immediately stops operating. After completing the picking action and leaving the picking station, the loading / unloading gantry device 2 sends a "picking complete" signal to the main control system. After the axle 8 is removed, the servo feeder 1 repeats the above feeding process to ensure that there is always an axle to be processed at its end.

[0071] After receiving the material handling instruction, the loading / unloading gantry device 2 obtains the axle to be processed, and the gantry robot 203 transports it to the top of the horizontal quenching machine tool 3 according to the preset program. Before loading, the main control system of the electrical control cabinet 7 confirms that the horizontal quenching machine tool is in a safe loading state: the axle ejector pin 305 of the horizontal quenching machine tool 3 will retract to the outermost end, and the auxiliary support device 306, the two-end fixed induction quenching device 303 and the middle scanning induction quenching device 302 will be in the safe retraction position. The main control system sends a feeding command to the gantry robot 203. The gantry robot 203 then lowers the axle according to a preset path. Through real-time alignment between the vision positioning system and the machine tool coordinate system, the main control system guides the gantry robot 203 to precisely lower the axle to the predetermined receiving position of the automatic chuck 304. After the pressure sensor 405 confirms that the axle is stably positioned, the automatic chuck 304 clamps one end of the axle; however, the horizontal gripper 204 at the end of the gantry robot 203 does not release. Then, the axle ejector pin 305 advances axially and presses against the other end of the axle. After the axle completes its initial clamping on the machine tool, the main control system controls the auxiliary support device 306 to rise along the Z-axis. Under the closed-loop feedback control of the pressure sensor 405, the axle V-shaped support roller 3061 at its top stably contacts the predetermined support part of the axle and precisely applies a preset support force, thereby providing auxiliary support on the axle section. Once the clamping is stable, the horizontal gripper 204 of the gantry robot 203 releases and lifts upward a certain distance, entering a waiting state.

[0072] Subsequently, the control system drives the two-end fixed induction hardening devices 303 to radially approach the axle 8. Using the axle's rotation axis as a reference, the system adjusts its radial coordinates in real time through a position servo closed loop, ensuring that the arc-shaped induction heating coil 3031 maintains a preset quenching gap of 5mm with the journal surfaces at both ends of the axle. Similarly, the control system uses the axle axis as a reference and, through closed-loop control, positions the induction heating coil 3021 on the intermediate scanning induction hardening device 302 at the initial processing position. During the axial scanning movement of the induction heating coil 3021, a constant 5mm quenching gap is maintained with the axle surface. Once the main control system receives a "positioned" signal from the induction hardening device, the horizontal hardening machine tool 3 begins executing the quenching program.

[0073] The quenching process is initiated according to a predetermined sequence. First, a fixed induction hardening device at one end performs induction hardening on the corresponding end region of the axle. After the hardening of that end is completed, the fixed induction hardening device at the other end then performs induction hardening on the other end region of the axle. When each fixed induction hardening device is working, its arc-shaped induction heating coil 3031 is activated to heat the corresponding end target region. After heating is completed, the spray plate 3032 integrated on the same device is activated to synchronously and uniformly spray and cool the heated area, thereby sequentially completing the surface induction hardening treatment of both ends of the axle. Next, the intermediate scanning induction hardening device 302 performs segmented scanning hardening on the intermediate section of the axle. This device starts from a preset starting processing position and performs segmented scanning hardening on the intermediate section of the axle. Induction heating coils 3021 are sequentially positioned along the axial direction to each target shaft segment and heat them. Once the temperature of the shaft segment reaches the process set value, the following annular spray head 3022 synchronously tracks and sprays cooling onto the heated area. Then, the induction heating coils 3021 and the annular spray head 3022 synchronously move to the next shaft segment, repeating the process. Throughout the spraying process, the feedback signals from the pressure sensor 405 and flow meter 406 are continuous. The programmable logic controller (PLC) uses this real-time data to fine-tune the proportional valve 404 to compensate for fluctuations caused by internal and external factors (such as slight changes in medium viscosity with temperature, minor filter clogging, etc.), ensuring a constant cooling intensity throughout the quenching cycle. After the spraying time reaches the process set value, the PLC closes the proportional valve 404, stopping the spraying. The system pressure is unloaded and returns to continuous monitoring, preparing for the next cycle.

[0074] After quenching is completed, to facilitate the safe removal of the axle, the auxiliary support device 306 first descends to the safe retraction position, and the intermediate scanning induction quenching device 302 moves to the axle section near the axle ejector pin 305. The standby gantry robot 203 begins to move, descending to clamp the axle 8; then the axle ejector pin 305 retracts, the intermediate scanning induction quenching device 302 moves away from the axle 8, and the automatic chuck 304 releases. The gantry robot 203 clamps the axle 8 and transfers it to the tempering process, and the system enters the automated tempering loading stage. The gantry robot 203 removes the axle 8 from the horizontal quenching machine tool 3 and transfers the axle 8 along a preset trajectory to the loading station of the tempering transfer device 5. Before the placement action, the electromagnet 511 at the front end of the tempering transfer device is energized first, attracting and fixing the axle tail end clamping device to the precise reference position. The gantry robot 203 smoothly lowers the axle 8 onto the V-shaped roller bracket. Under gravity, the axle 8 automatically centers and stably stops along the V-shaped positioning groove. When the axle 8 reaches the preset position, a high-temperature resistant inductive proximity switch installed on the side of the positioning groove detects that the axle 8 has reached the preset position in real time and immediately sends a positioning signal to the control system. The control system issues a clamping command and cuts off the power to the electromagnet 511. After the electromagnet 511 demagnetizes, the return spring 510 inside the axle tail end clamping device quickly releases its stored energy, driving the axle pin 508 of the axle tail end clamping device to reset, thereby firmly clamping and fixing the axle 8 onto the V-shaped roller bracket, generating a "clamping confirmation signal". The control system simultaneously receives the "clamping confirmation signal" from the electromagnet 511 and the "axle positioning signal" from the proximity switch. Only when both signals are valid simultaneously does the system determine that the axle has been successfully placed and then send a release command to the gantry robot 203. The horizontal gripper 204 of the gantry robot 203 releases, and the axle 8 is fully supported by the tempering conveyor 5. Subsequently, the tempering conveyor system is activated, and the high-temperature resistant conveyor chain 504 drives the axle 8 to enter the tempering furnace 501 at a constant speed while rotating.

[0075] After the axle 8 has completed tempering and been conveyed to the discharge end, it needs to be released for unloading. At this time, the control system issues a release command: the electromagnet 511 at the rear end of the tempering conveyor is energized. The electromagnet 511 generates a strong electromagnetic force, which overcomes the elastic force of the return spring 510, pulling the axle pin 508 of the axle tail end clamping device to the "release" position, thereby releasing the axle 8. Subsequently, the downstream equipment can remove the axle 8 for the next process.

[0076] It should be noted that the surface induction hardening methods for axles are not limited to those mentioned above. The induction hardening process also includes the following technical solutions, which can be implemented independently or in combination: Option 1: The intermediate scanning induction hardening device completes the induction hardening treatment of a set section or the entire axle surface in one operation. Under the control of a three-axis servo system, the device moves along the axle axis and adjusts the positional relationship between the sensor and the axle according to the axle's external dimensions. During the movement, its induction heating coil heats the set section or the entire axle, while a subsequent annular spray head cools the heated section, achieving "continuous scanning heating-hardening" from one end of the axle to the other.

[0077] Option 2: Add a scanning preheating device to the horizontal quenching machine tool; the scanning preheating device is set on the radial outer side of the axle and can be moved under the control of a three-axis servo system to preheat the axle before the quenching process; the scanning preheating device is used in conjunction with the intermediate scanning induction hardening device to realize continuous operation of "scanning preheating + scanning quenching" on a set axle section or the entire axle.

[0078] Option 3: Add an intermediate scanning induction hardening device to the horizontal hardening machine tool; adopt a zoned processing scheme combining "fixed-end preheating + hardening" and "intermediate scanning preheating + hardening". The fixed-end induction hardening device preheats the axle ends, then reheats and completes the hardening. One intermediate scanning induction hardening device first scans and preheats the axle body, followed by the other intermediate scanning induction hardening device to reheat and complete the hardening.

[0079] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0080] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-speed rail axle surface induction quenching automatic production line, characterized in that, include: The servo feeder defines the front-to-back direction of the equipment as the X-axis, the left-to-right direction as the Y-axis, and the direction of gravity as the Z-axis; the servo feeder is used to transport the axle, which is arranged horizontally in the Y-axis direction, along the X-axis direction. The loading and unloading gantry device is located behind the servo feeder and is used to transport the axle, which is arranged horizontally in the Y-axis direction, along the X-axis and Y-axis directions. A horizontal quenching machine tool, located below the loading and unloading gantry and corresponding to the servo feed table, is used to clamp and quench axles transported by the loading and unloading gantry. The horizontal quenching machine tool includes a machine body with a machine body feed inlet at the top. Within the machine body's machining area, a horizontal axle clamping device, a central scanning induction quenching device, and a two-end fixed induction quenching device are installed in the center and on either side of the horizontal axle clamping device. The horizontal axle clamping device includes an automatic chuck for clamping one end of the axle and an axle ejector pin for holding the other end of the axle. The axle ejector pin has X and Y axial freedom. The axle is clamped and below it are paired auxiliary support devices for supporting the axle during quenching. Each auxiliary support device has a Z-axis lifting function to provide adjustable support during quenching. The intermediate scanning induction quenching device has X and Y axial degrees of freedom and is used for segmented scanning quenching of the intermediate axle section. When the induction heating coil in the intermediate scanning induction quenching device is not working, it is located on the side of the axle ejector pin. The two fixed induction quenching devices include two fixed induction quenching devices, which are used to quench the areas at both ends of the axle. Both fixed induction quenching devices have X and Y axial degrees of freedom. An adaptive quenching and cooling device is located adjacent to the horizontal quenching machine tool and supplies quenching medium to the intermediate scanning induction quenching device and the two-end fixed induction quenching device in the horizontal quenching machine tool. The tempering conveyor is located at the rear of the loading and unloading gantry assembly and is used to temper and convey the axles transported by the loading and unloading gantry assembly to the rear. Safety protection devices are used to enclose the servo feeding table, loading and unloading gantry device, horizontal quenching machine tool, adaptive quenching and cooling device and tempering transmission device, forming a closed physical isolation barrier. The electrical control cabinet is electrically connected to the servo feeding table, loading and unloading gantry device, horizontal quenching machine tool, adaptive quenching and cooling device, and tempering transmission device to achieve overall control of the equipment.

2. The high-speed rail axle surface induction quenching automatic production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The servo feeding table comprises a workbench base frame installed on the ground, a feeding table capable of moving up and down and front and back is installed at the middle position of the upper side of the workbench base frame, a series of V-shaped blocks are arranged along the Y-axis direction on both sides of the top of the feeding table and the workbench base frame, a single axle is lifted and forwarded by the feeding table, and finally is carried and positioned by the corresponding V-shaped blocks along the Y direction on the feeding table and the workbench base frame; a feeding table connecting shaft in the Y-axis direction is installed at the bottom of the feeding table, servo motors are installed on the left and right sides of the workbench base frame below the feeding table, the motor output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected with one end of a rocker block, and the other end of the rocker block is fixedly connected with the corresponding feeding table connecting shaft; the servo motor drives the rocker block to swing according to the control instruction, and then pushes and pulls the feeding table through the feeding table connecting shaft; a pair of photoelectric sensors for detecting whether the axle reaches the preset loading position are also installed on the V-shaped block at the end of the rear side of the servo feeding table.

3. The high-speed rail axle surface induction quenching automatic production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding and discharging truss device comprises a truss body, a bridge frame and a truss manipulator, the truss body comprises two supports oppositely arranged, the bridge frame is slidably installed between the two supports along the X-axis, and the truss manipulator is slidably installed on the bridge frame along the Y-axis, and a horizontal gripper capable of grabbing the axle horizontally arranged in the Y-axis direction is installed at the lower end of the truss manipulator.

4. The high-speed rail axle surface induction quenching automatic production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary support device comprises an axle V-shaped support roller, a jacking mechanism and a jacking drive motor are installed below the axle V-shaped support roller to realize the Z-direction lifting, and the auxiliary support base installed below the jacking mechanism and the jacking drive motor also has the Y-axis degree of freedom.

5. The high-speed rail axle surface induction quenching automatic production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate scanning type induction quenching device is integrated with an induction heating coil and a circular ring-shaped spray head as a quenching unit, and the circular ring-shaped spray head is provided with a spray opening corresponding thereto; the first fixed type induction quenching device and the second fixed type induction quenching device are the same in structure, and are both integrated with an arc-shaped induction heating coil and a spray plate as a quenching unit, and the spray plate is provided with a spray opening corresponding thereto; the intermediate scanning type induction quenching device and the two fixed type induction quenching devices work cooperatively to realize precise quenching processing of the axle in different regions along the whole length; a water baffle is arranged on the front and rear sides of the clamped axle, and a Y-axis direction guide hole is formed in the water baffle for the quenching unit on the corresponding induction quenching device to pass through.

6. The high-speed rail axle surface induction quenching automatic production line according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adaptive quenching cooling device comprises a quenching medium tank, an outlet pipeline of the quenching medium tank is connected with an inlet pipeline of a main hydraulic pump, a first outlet pipeline of the main hydraulic pump is connected with an inlet pipeline of the quenching medium tank, a second outlet pipeline of the main hydraulic pump is connected with a plurality of high-pressure pipeline systems respectively, each of the high-pressure pipeline systems is correspondingly provided with an electric control proportional valve, and a terminal pipe opening of the high-pressure pipeline system is connected with a corresponding spraying opening of an induction quenching device; a pressure sensor and a flow meter are integrated and arranged on a main pipeline between each electric control proportional valve and the corresponding spraying opening, a programmable logic controller integrated in an electric control cabinet is connected with the electric control proportional valve, the pressure sensor and the flow meter through an industrial bus to form a closed-loop control system; a temperature sensor is arranged in the quenching medium tank and connected with the programmable logic controller to monitor the temperature of the quenching medium and drive a temperature control system; and an outlet branch pipeline of the main hydraulic pump is also connected with an accumulator for stabilizing the system pressure and providing instantaneous large-flow supplement.

7. The high-speed rail axle surface induction quenching automatic production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tempering transmission device comprises a tempering furnace and an axle shaft transmission device, the front side of the tempering furnace is a tempering furnace feeding port, and the rear side is a tempering furnace discharging port; the axle shaft transmission device comprises a conveying frame penetrating through the feeding and discharging ports of the tempering furnace, chain wheels are arranged at the front and rear ends of the conveying frame, high-temperature-resistant conveying chains are arranged between the front and rear chain wheels in meshing mode, a plurality of groups of axle shaft positioning assemblies are arranged on the upper part of the high-temperature-resistant conveying chains, and each group corresponds to one axle shaft; each group of axle shaft positioning assemblies comprises two axle shaft tail end jacking devices axially restricting the two ends of the axle shaft along the Y-axis direction and a plurality of V-shaped roller supports; the V-shaped roller supports are located between the two axle shaft tail end jacking devices in the same group and are used for radially positioning the axle shaft, and the spacing between the two rollers on the V-shaped roller support is adjustable. A driving motor is symmetrically arranged at each of the left and right sides of the front end of the conveying frame, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the corresponding chain wheel, the driving motor drives the chain wheel to rotate according to a control instruction, and then drives the axle shaft on the high-temperature-resistant conveying chain to be transmitted rearward.

8. The high-speed rail axle surface induction quenching automatic production line according to claim 7, characterized in that, A plurality of needle support seats are arranged on the left and right sides of the high-temperature-resistant conveying chain, the axle shaft needle two is arranged on the needle support seat in a penetrating mode and has a Y-axis axial degree of freedom, the tip side of the axle shaft needle two faces the end of the axle shaft, a limiting plate is arranged on the non-tip side of the axle shaft needle two, and a plurality of return springs are connected between the needle support seat and the limiting plate; a pair of electromagnets is arranged at each of the left and right sides of the conveying frame near the feeding and discharging ports of the tempering furnace, the two electromagnets are located at the two ends of the axle shaft in the axle shaft axis direction, the axle shaft tail end jacking device passes through the electromagnets, the electromagnets are electrified and attract the non-tip side of the axle shaft needle two, the spacing between the two axle shaft needle twos on the high-temperature-resistant conveying chain is increased, after the axle shaft is put in, the electromagnets are de-energized, and the spacing between the two axle shaft needle twos is restored under the rebound force of the return spring, so that the end of the axle shaft is automatically jacked.

9. The high-speed rail axle surface induction quenching automatic production line according to claim 8, characterized in that, A small gear is further arranged on the limiting plate of the non-tip side of the axle shaft needle two, a rack is arranged on the conveying frame and extends along the X-axis direction and can be meshed with the gear teeth on the lower side of the small gear, and the small gear and the rack are matched to enable the axle shaft to slowly rotate during the rearward conveying.

10. The high-speed rail axle surface induction quenching automatic production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the safety guard is provided with an access door with a safety interlock, and the equipment is automatically powered off and stopped when the door is opened.

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