Self-adjusting gap brake

Abstract

The present application relates to gap self-adjusting type brake, relates to brake technical field, including brake bottom plate, brake adjusting system, brake power device, two brake shoes, shoe pressing plate, water film sensing system, vibration system and brake hub, brake power device is transmission connection with each brake shoe, brake hub is rotatably installed on brake bottom plate, brake adjusting system changes the interval between two brake shoes after two brake shoes wear, water film sensing system is slidably installed on brake shoe, pressure sensor is arranged on water film sensing system, vibration system includes eccentric vibration device and two vibration hinged plates, vibration hinged plate is hinged on corresponding brake shoe, each vibration hinged plate is hinged with each other, eccentric vibration device is installed on one of vibration hinged plate, eccentric vibration device moves along the inside wall of brake hub, eccentric vibration device drives vibration hinged plate to rotate, brake failure caused by water film can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of brake technology, and in particular to a gap-adjustable brake. Background Technology

[0002] The self-adjusting gap brake is a core component of modern automotive braking systems. Its main function is to automatically maintain the optimal working gap between the brake pads (friction linings) and the brake drum (or brake disc) during vehicle operation, thereby ensuring safe and reliable braking performance.

[0003] Its core design concept is to accurately record the increased clearance due to the wear of the friction lining and automatically perform a slight compensation after each braking. Common mechanical self-adjusting devices (such as automatic adjusting arms) contain mechanisms such as worm gears and one-way clutches. When braking, this device senses "excessive clearance" that exceeds the normal range, and during the brake return process, it drives the camshaft to rotate through a corresponding angle via the worm gear, pushing the brake shoes to make a slight outward adjustment, thereby eliminating the excessive clearance.

[0004] This automatic adjustment offers multiple advantages: it ensures consistent braking performance across all wheels, shortens braking response time, and significantly reduces the risk of brake weakness due to excessive clearance and the risk of "drag" or "lock-up" caused by improper manual adjustment. Due to its significant safety enhancements, China has mandated the installation of automatic brake clearance adjusting arms on trucks since October 1, 2004.

[0005] However, existing drum brakes generally suffer from reduced braking power or even failure after water enters them. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the technical defects of the existing technology, the present invention provides a gap self-adjusting brake that can prevent brake failure caused by water film.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0008] A self-adjusting gap brake includes a brake base plate, a brake adjustment system, a brake power unit, two brake shoes, a shoe pressure plate, a water film sensing system, a vibration system, and a brake hub. The brake power unit is mounted on the brake base plate, and both brake shoes are rotatably mounted on the brake base plate. The brake power unit is drively connected to each brake shoe. The brake hub is rotatably mounted on the brake base plate. The brake adjustment system is installed between the brake shoes, and the system changes the gap between the two brake shoes after wear. The brake shoes are mounted on the brake base plate via pins, and the shoe pressure plate is mounted on the pins. The moving shoe is located between the shoe pressure plate and the brake base plate. The brake drum is adapted to the brake shoe. The water film sensing system is slidably mounted on the brake shoe. The water film sensing system is equipped with a pressure sensor, which is electrically connected to a 51 series microcontroller. The vibration system includes an eccentric vibration device and two vibration hinge plates. The vibration hinge plates are all hinged to the corresponding brake shoes and are hinged to each other. The eccentric vibration device is mounted on one of the vibration hinge plates and moves along the inner wall of the brake drum. The eccentric vibration device drives the vibration hinge plate to rotate. The 51 series microcontroller is electrically connected to the eccentric vibration device.

[0009] Preferably, the eccentric vibration device includes an eccentric vibration cylinder and an eccentric vibration wheel. The eccentric position of the eccentric vibration wheel is rotatably mounted on the output end of the eccentric vibration cylinder. The eccentric vibration cylinder is electrically connected to a 51 series microcontroller and is mounted on one of the vibration hinge plates.

[0010] Preferably, the vibrating eccentric wheel is a steel wheel with a pre-set texture on its surface.

[0011] Preferably, the water film sensing system includes a water film sensing friction block, a friction strain gauge, and a friction ejection cylinder. The friction strain gauge constitutes a pressure sensor. The friction ejection cylinder is mounted on the brake shoe. The water film sensing friction block is slidably mounted on the brake shoe. The water film sensing friction block is mounted on the output end of the friction ejection cylinder. The friction strain gauge is mounted on the water film sensing friction block. The friction ejection cylinder is electrically connected to a 51 series microcontroller.

[0012] Preferably, the brake adjustment system includes a toggle plate, a brake adjustment screw, and a brake adjustment stud. The brake adjustment stud and the brake adjustment screw are connected by a threaded pair. An adjustment ratchet is mounted on the brake adjustment stud. The toggle plate is mounted on one of the brake shoes. The brake adjustment screw and the brake adjustment stud are respectively hinged to the corresponding brake shoes. The toggle plate is connected to the adjustment ratchet.

[0013] Preferably, the braking power device is a brake cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the side of each brake shoe closest to the brake hub is an arc surface.

[0015] Preferably, a return spring is provided between the two brake shoes.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] During operation, the brake backing plate remains stationary, while the brake drum rotates with the wheel. The braking power unit is mounted on the brake backing plate, providing pressure to the two brake pads against the brake drum, thus providing braking force. Both brake pads are rotatably mounted on the brake backing plate. Notably, the purpose of the rotation of the two brake pads is to move closer to or further away from the brake drum, thereby generating or disengaging braking force. The braking power unit is connected to each brake pad via a transmission, thereby driving each brake pad to rotate. The brake drum is rotatably mounted on the brake backing plate. The brake adjustment system is installed between the brake pads. The brake adjustment system changes the distance between the two brake pads after they wear, thus adjusting the gap between the two brake pads. The brake pads are mounted on the brake backing plate via pins, and a pad pressure plate is mounted on the pins. The brake pads are located between the pad pressure plate and the brake backing plate. The pad pressure plate prevents the brake pads from falling off. The brake drum and brake pads are fitted together to achieve braking.

[0018] The water film sensing system is slidably mounted on the brake pads. A pressure sensor is installed on the system. Friction is generated between the system and the brake drum, which is detected by the pressure sensor. The system detects the influence of the water film by monitoring changes in this friction. Specifically, when a water film exists between the system and the brake pads, the pressure sensor detects a decrease in friction and transmits an electrical signal to the 51 series microcontroller. The vibration system includes an eccentric vibration device and two vibration hinge plates, each hinged to a corresponding brake pad. The eccentric vibration device is mounted on one of these plates and moves along the inner wall of the brake drum, causing the hinge plate to rotate. When the pressure sensor detects a water film, indicating reduced braking capacity, the 51 series microcontroller controls the eccentric vibration device to rotate the hinge plate. The two hinge plates cause the brake pads to open and move away from each other, resulting in friction between the brake pads and the brake drum. This allows the water to evaporate prematurely, effectively removing the water and ensuring braking performance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of point B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation location of the water film sensing system.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 1. Brake base plate;

[0026] 2. Brake adjustment system; 21. Toggle plate; 22. Brake adjustment screw; 23. Brake adjustment stud; 25. Adjustment ratchet;

[0027] 3. Braking power device;

[0028] 4. Brake pads;

[0029] 5. Hoof plate;

[0030] 6. Water film sensing system; 61. Water film sensing friction block; 62. Friction strain gauge; 63. Friction ejector cylinder;

[0031] 7. Vibration system; 71. Eccentric vibration device; 711. Vibration eccentric cylinder; 712. Vibration eccentric wheel; 72. Vibration hinge plate;

[0032] 8. Brake drum;

[0033] 9. Reset spring. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0035] like Figure 1 — Figure 5As shown, this embodiment provides a self-adjusting brake, including a brake base plate 1, a brake adjustment system 2, a braking power unit 3, two brake shoes 4, a shoe pressure plate 5, a water film sensing system 6, a vibration system 7, and a brake drum 8. During driving, the brake base plate 1 remains stationary, while the brake drum 8 rotates with the wheel. The braking power unit 3 is mounted on the brake base plate 1 and provides pressure to the two brake shoes 4 against the brake drum 8, thereby providing braking force. Both brake shoes 4 are rotatably mounted on the brake base plate 1. Notably, the purpose of the rotation of the two brake shoes 4 is to move closer to or further away from the brake drum 8, thereby producing... The braking force is generated or cut off. The braking power device 3 is connected to each brake shoe 4 through a transmission, thereby driving each brake shoe 4 to rotate. The brake hub 8 is rotatably mounted on the brake base plate 1. The brake adjustment system 2 is installed between the brake shoes 4. The brake adjustment system 2 changes the gap between the two brake shoes 4 after the two brake shoes 4 wear, thereby adjusting the gap between the two brake shoes 4. The brake shoes 4 are mounted on the brake base plate 1 through a pin. The shoe pressure plate 5 is mounted on the pin. The brake shoes 4 are located between the shoe pressure plate 5 and the brake base plate 1. The shoe pressure plate 5 prevents the brake shoes 4 from falling off. The brake hub 8 is adapted to the brake shoes 4, thereby realizing braking.

[0036] A water film sensing system 6 is slidably mounted on the brake pad 4. A pressure sensor is provided between the water film sensing system 6 and the brake pad 4. Friction is generated between the water film sensing system 6 and the brake drum 8, and this friction is sensed by the pressure sensor. The influence of the water film is sensed by the change in the friction between the water film sensing system 6 and the brake drum 8. Specifically, when there is a water film between the water film sensing system 6 and the brake pad 4, the friction sensed by the pressure sensor decreases, and an electrical signal is transmitted to the 51 series microcontroller. The vibration system 7 includes an eccentric vibration device 71 and two vibration hinge plates 72, which are hinged to corresponding brake pads. On the moving shoe 4, each vibrating hinge plate 72 is hinged to each other. An eccentric vibration device 71 is installed on one of the vibrating hinge plates 72. The eccentric vibration device 71 moves along the inner wall of the brake drum 8. The eccentric vibration device 71 drives the vibrating hinge plate 72 to rotate. When the pressure sensor detects a water film, that is, when the braking capacity decreases, the 51 series microcontroller controls the eccentric vibration device 71 to drive the vibrating hinge plate 72 to rotate. The two vibrating hinge plates 72 drive the two brake shoes 4 to open and move away from each other, so that each brake shoe 4 rubs against the brake drum 8, causing the water to evaporate in advance and scraping off the water to ensure the braking effect.

[0037] Specifically, the eccentric vibration device 71 includes a vibration eccentric cylinder 711 and a vibration eccentric wheel 712. The eccentric position of the vibration eccentric wheel 712 is rotatably mounted on the output end of the vibration eccentric cylinder 711. That is, when the vibration eccentric wheel 712 rotates on the brake drum 8, the vibration eccentric wheel 712 rotates eccentrically, thereby causing the vibration articulation plate 72 to swing back and forth. The vibration eccentric cylinder 711 is an electric cylinder powered by the vehicle's power supply. The vibration eccentric cylinder 711 is controlled by the 51 series microcontroller mentioned above. The vibration eccentric cylinder 711 is mounted on one of the vibration articulation plates 72 to realize the rotation of the vibration articulation plate 72. The intermittent pushing of the vibration eccentric wheel 712 makes the friction force generated by the vibration articulation plate 72 pushing the shoe pressure plate 5 on the brake drum 8 intermittent, preventing the wheel from locking up and preventing the rotation of the wheel from being affected, thus ensuring driving safety. In order to both remove the water film and not affect driving safety, the pushing force of the vibration eccentric cylinder 711 is 20 Newtons to 50 Newtons.

[0038] Specifically, the vibrating eccentric wheel 712 is a steel wheel with a pre-set texture on its surface to ensure its durability. When the vibrating eccentric wheel 712 presses against the brake drum 8, it rotates along with the rotation of the brake drum 8. Due to the eccentric rotation of the vibrating eccentric wheel 712, the vibrating eccentric cylinder 711 intermittently pushes the vibrating hinge plate 72, which reduces the friction between the water film sensing system 6 and the brake drum 8. When this friction is reduced, the vibrating hinge plate 72 intermittently pushes the brake shoes 4, intermittently scraping off the water film on the brake shoes 4 and the brake drum 8.

[0039] Specifically, the water film sensing system 6 includes a water film sensing friction block 61, a friction strain gauge 62, and a friction ejection cylinder 63. The friction ejection cylinder 63 is an electric cylinder powered by the vehicle's power supply. The friction strain gauge 62 is powered by the vehicle's power supply and constitutes a pressure sensor. This friction strain gauge 62 is a TML Tokyo Gauge AWHU-5 / AWHU-8 full-bridge strain gauge. The friction ejection cylinder 63 is controlled by the aforementioned 51 series microcontroller and is mounted on the brake pads 4. The friction block 61 is slidably mounted on the brake shoe 4. The water film sensing friction block 61 is mounted on the output end of the friction ejection cylinder 63. The friction strain gauge 62 is mounted on the water film sensing friction block 61. The friction strain gauge 62 then senses the friction coefficient of the brake drum 8. The extension of the friction ejection cylinder 63 can be manually controlled by the driver when it rains, or a water sensor can be electrically connected to the 51 series microcontroller. When it rains, the water sensor controls the friction ejection cylinder 63 to extend, thereby monitoring the water film in real time and scraping off the water film in time.

[0040] Specifically, the brake adjustment system 2 includes a toggle plate 21, a brake adjustment screw 22, and a brake adjustment stud 23. The brake adjustment stud 23 and the brake adjustment screw 22 are connected by a threaded pair. An adjusting ratchet 25 is installed on the brake adjustment stud 23. The toggle plate 21 is installed on one of the brake shoes 4. The brake adjustment screw 22 and the brake adjustment stud 23 are respectively hinged to the corresponding brake shoes 4. The toggle plate 21 is connected to the adjusting ratchet 25 for transmission, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of the clearance. After the brake shoes 4 wear, the rotation angle of the toggle plate 21 increases, thereby driving the adjusting ratchet 25 to rotate in one direction, realizing the adjustment of the distance between the two brake shoes 4. This is the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] Specifically, the braking power device 3 is a brake cylinder, which generates stable braking force.

[0042] Specifically, the side of each brake shoe 4 closest to the brake hub 8 is an arc surface, thus fitting the brake hub 8.

[0043] Specifically, a return spring 9 is provided between the two brake shoes 4 to prevent the brake shoes 4 from rubbing against the brake drum 8.

[0044] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention, as well as its advantages. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gap-adjustable brake, characterized in that, The system includes a brake base plate, a brake adjustment system, a brake power unit, two brake shoes, a shoe pressure plate, a water film sensing system, a vibration system, and a brake drum. The brake power unit is mounted on the brake base plate, and both brake shoes are rotatably mounted on the brake base plate. The brake power unit is drively connected to each brake shoe. The brake drum is rotatably mounted on the brake base plate. The brake adjustment system is installed between the brake shoes, and it changes the distance between the two brake shoes after they wear. The brake shoes are mounted on the brake base plate via pins, and the shoe pressure plate is mounted on the pins. Between the brake shoe pressure plate and the brake base plate, the brake drum is adapted to the brake shoe. The water film sensing system is slidably mounted on the brake shoe. The water film sensing system is equipped with a pressure sensor, which is electrically connected to a 51 series microcontroller. The vibration system includes an eccentric vibration device and two vibration hinge plates. The vibration hinge plates are all hinged to the corresponding brake shoes and are hinged to each other. The eccentric vibration device is mounted on one of the vibration hinge plates and moves along the inner wall of the brake drum. The eccentric vibration device drives the vibration hinge plate to rotate. The 51 series microcontroller is electrically connected to the eccentric vibration device.

2. The gap self-adjusting brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eccentric vibration device includes an eccentric vibration cylinder and an eccentric vibration wheel. The eccentric position of the eccentric vibration wheel is rotatably mounted on the output end of the eccentric vibration cylinder. The eccentric vibration cylinder is electrically connected to a 51 series microcontroller and is mounted on one of the vibration hinge plates.

3. The gap self-adjusting brake according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vibrating eccentric wheel is a steel wheel with a pre-set texture on its surface.

4. The gap self-adjusting brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water film sensing system includes a water film sensing friction block, a friction strain gauge, and a friction ejection cylinder. The friction strain gauge constitutes a pressure sensor. The friction ejection cylinder is mounted on the brake shoe. The water film sensing friction block is slidably mounted on the brake shoe. The water film sensing friction block is mounted on the output end of the friction ejection cylinder. The friction strain gauge is mounted on the water film sensing friction block. The friction ejection cylinder is electrically connected to a 51 series microcontroller.

5. The gap self-adjusting brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake adjustment system includes a toggle plate, a brake adjustment screw, and a brake adjustment stud. The brake adjustment stud and the brake adjustment screw are connected by a threaded pair. An adjustment ratchet is mounted on the brake adjustment stud. The toggle plate is mounted on one of the brake shoes. The brake adjustment screw and the brake adjustment stud are respectively hinged to the corresponding brake shoes. The toggle plate is connected to the adjustment ratchet.

6. The gap self-adjusting brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, The braking power device is a brake cylinder.

7. The gap self-adjusting brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of each brake shoe closest to the brake hub is an arc surface.

8. The gap self-adjusting brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, A return spring is provided between the two brake shoes.

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