Monitoring device for full-section deformation of surrounding rock of underground roadway

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine underground roadway surrounding rock monitoring, and particularly relates to an underground roadway surrounding rock full-section deformation monitoring device which comprises a roadway surrounding rock body provided with a plurality of anchor rods. A sliding rail is arranged on the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock body and connected with an electric sliding block, the electric sliding block is connected with a bearing plate through a rotating assembly, the bearing plate is connected with a plurality of laser range finders, laser emission ports of the laser range finders all face the roadway surrounding rock body, and the bearing plate is connected with a dust removal assembly arranged on the front portions of the laser range finders. An electric sliding block moves in the roadway surrounding rock body through a sliding rail to drive a rotating assembly, a bearing plate, a dust removal assembly, a plurality of laser range finders, an alarm and a displacement sensor to move, and the dust removal assembly can sweep coal mine dust attached to the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock body in the displacement process; the problem that coal mine dust floats and is attached to the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock body to affect the monitoring precision of the laser range finder on the full-section deformation of the roadway surrounding rock body is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine underground roadway surrounding rock monitoring technology, specifically a monitoring device for full-section deformation of underground roadway surrounding rock. Background Technology

[0002] Coal is the mainstay of energy consumption, accounting for more than 50% of total energy consumption. Therefore, safe production in coal mines is a crucial guarantee of energy security. During underground mining operations, various roadways need to be excavated. These roadways serve various functions, including ventilation, transportation, and personnel access. Deformation of the surrounding rock in these roadways can range from minor disruptions to serious accidents. Therefore, monitoring the surrounding rock is essential to prevent instability and subsequent disasters.

[0003] A Chinese patent application CN220489982U discloses a monitoring device for the full-section deformation of the surrounding rock in underground roadways. The key technical point of the device is that a laser rangefinder is installed using the anchor bolts commonly used in underground roadway support. The installation method is simple, reliable, and highly adaptable.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned technologies often have the following drawbacks: there is a large amount of coal mine dust in the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the coal mine dust is very easy to float and adhere to the inner wall of the surrounding rock of the roadway, which in turn affects the accuracy of the laser rangefinder in monitoring the deformation of the entire cross section of the surrounding rock of the roadway; therefore, in order to address the above problems, a monitoring device for the deformation of the entire cross section of the surrounding rock of underground roadways is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem mentioned in the background art has been solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A monitoring device for full-section deformation of surrounding rock in an underground roadway, comprising a roadway surrounding rock mass, wherein the roadway surrounding rock mass is provided with several anchor bolts; a slide rail is provided on the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock mass, the slide rail is connected to an electric slider, the electric slider is connected to a receiving plate via a rotating assembly, the receiving plate is connected to several laser rangefinders, the laser emission ports of the laser rangefinders are all facing the roadway surrounding rock mass, the receiving plate is connected to a dust removal assembly disposed in front of the laser rangefinders; and an alarm and a displacement sensor are connected to the receiving plate.

[0007] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a motor fixedly connected to the lower surface of the electric slider, the output end of the motor being connected to a connecting shaft, and the lower surface of the connecting shaft being fixedly connected to the upper surface of the receiving plate.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the receiving plate is symmetrically provided with several casters.

[0009] Preferably, the dust removal component is a two-part configuration, with the lower dust removal component being a rigid steel part and the upper dust removal component being a flexible part, the height of which is at least equal to that of the laser rangefinder.

[0010] Preferably, the flexible component includes a soft brush, the bristles of which are in contact with the inner wall of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0011] Preferably, the flexible component further includes a silicone plate, which is connected to the outer surface of the rigid steel component and is disposed between the laser rangefinder and the soft brush.

[0012] Preferably, the soft brush is connected to a small brush, the small brush is sleeved on the outer surface of the slide rail, and the bristles of the small brush are in contact with the outer surface of the slide rail.

[0013] Preferably, the receiving plate is connected to a protective plate via a limiting component, and the outer surface of the protective plate is adapted to the inner wall of the surrounding rock of the roadway.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting component includes several springs connected to the receiving plate and the protective plate. Several electromagnets and a second magnetic block are also provided between the receiving plate and the protective plate. Several electromagnets are also provided between the receiving plate and the protective plate. The electromagnets are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective plate. The receiving plate is made of any material, such as iron or steel.

[0015] Preferably, both the soft brush and the silicone plate are connected to the receiving plate by screws.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The present invention discloses a monitoring device for full-section deformation of surrounding rock in underground roadways. The monitoring device is driven by a controller, which causes an electric slider to move within the surrounding rock mass via a slide rail. Simultaneously, the electric slider moves a receiving plate, a dust removal component, several laser rangefinders, an alarm, and a displacement sensor within the surrounding rock mass via a connected rotating component. During the displacement process, the dust removal component can clean the coal dust adhering to the inner wall of the surrounding rock mass, thus avoiding the problem that the coal dust floating and adhering to the inner wall of the surrounding rock mass affects the accuracy of the laser rangefinder in monitoring the full-section deformation of the surrounding rock mass.

[0018] 2. The monitoring device for full-section deformation of surrounding rock in underground roadways described in this invention uses a linear arrangement of several laser rangefinders. The linear measurement is composed of individual point measurements. The displacement of several laser rangefinders is driven by an electric slider, which enables comprehensive measurement of the inner wall of the surrounding rock in the roadway. The combination of points, lines, and surfaces enables better monitoring of the inner wall of the surrounding rock in underground roadways without blind spots.

[0019] 3. The monitoring device for full-section deformation of surrounding rock in underground roadways described in this invention supports the flexible components with rigid steel parts. When the surrounding rock mass protrudes significantly towards the support plate, the rigid steel parts, which are at least as hard as the laser rangefinder, can provide pre-collision protection, preventing the laser rangefinder from colliding with the location where the surrounding rock mass protrudes significantly towards the support plate, thus preventing damage to the laser rangefinder due to the collision.

[0020] 4. The monitoring device for full-section deformation of surrounding rock in underground roadways according to the present invention controls the electromagnet to be energized and attracted to the receiving plate by the controller, while the springs are in a compressed state. When the laser rangefinder detects a protruding deformation in the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock, a protective plate is required for protection and support. When the protective plate moves to the protruding deformation in the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock, the controller drives the electromagnet to be de-energized, the electromagnet separates from the receiving plate, and the spring extends and pushes the protective plate toward the protruding deformation in the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock, providing effective support and protection, preventing the protruding deformation in the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock from falling and injuring passers-by, and improving safety performance. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the slide rail and electric slider in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the small brush in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the universal wheel in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the dust removal component in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the protective plate in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the protective plate and spring in this invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a front view of the connecting shaft and the receiving plate in this invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Surrounding rock mass of the tunnel; 2. Alarm; 3. Anchor bolt; 41. Slide rail; 42. Electric slider; 51. Motor; 52. Connecting shaft; 6. Support plate; 7. Laser rangefinder; 81. Hardened steel component; 821. Soft brush; 822. Silicone plate; 823. Small brush; 91. Protective plate; 92. Spring; 93. Electromagnet; 10. Caster wheel; 11. Displacement sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 9 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a monitoring device for full-section deformation of surrounding rock in an underground roadway includes a roadway surrounding rock mass 1, on which several anchor bolts 3 are installed; a slide rail 41 is installed on the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock mass 1, and an electric slider 42 is connected to the slide rail 41. The electric slider 42 is connected to a receiving plate 6 through a rotating component, and a several laser rangefinders 7 are connected to the receiving plate 6. The laser emission ports of the laser rangefinders 7 are all facing the roadway surrounding rock mass 1. A dust removal component is connected to the receiving plate 6 at the front of the laser rangefinders 7; an alarm 2 and a displacement sensor 11 are connected to the receiving plate 6; during operation, the monitoring device is driven by a controller (not shown in the figure), causing the electric slider 42 to move inside the roadway surrounding rock mass 1 through the slide rail 41. As the electric slider 42 moves, it drives the receiving plate 6, the dust removal component, and the several laser rangefinders 7 through the connected rotating component. The alarm 2 and displacement sensor 11 move inside the surrounding rock mass 1 of the roadway. During the displacement process, the dust removal component can clean the coal dust attached to the inner wall of the surrounding rock mass 1, avoiding the problem that the coal dust floating and adhering to the inner wall of the surrounding rock mass 1 affects the accuracy of the laser rangefinder 7 in monitoring the deformation of the entire cross section of the surrounding rock mass 1. The displacement sensor 11 can transmit the displacement of the electric slider 42 to the controller. Several laser rangefinders 7 are arranged in a linear pattern, and the linear measurement is composed of individual point measurements. The electric slider 42 drives the displacement of several laser rangefinders 7 to comprehensively measure the inner wall of the surrounding rock mass 1 of the roadway. The combination of points, lines and surfaces can better monitor the inner wall of the surrounding rock mass 1 of the underground roadway without blind spots. When the laser rangefinder 7 detects a protruding deformation in the inner wall of the surrounding rock mass 1, it transmits the data to the controller and activates the alarm 2 to provide an alarm prompt.

[0034] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes a motor 51 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the electric slider 42. The output end of the motor 51 is connected to a connecting shaft 52, and the lower surface of the connecting shaft 52 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the receiving plate 6. Before the electric slider 42 needs to perform reverse displacement, the controller first drives the motor 51 to reverse 180 degrees, which in turn causes the connecting shaft 52 to drive the receiving plate 6 to rotate 180 degrees in the opposite direction. At the same time, the laser rangefinder 7, dust removal assembly, alarm 2, and displacement sensor 11 connected to the receiving plate 6 all rotate 180 degrees in the opposite direction, so that when the electric slider 42 moves in the opposite direction, the dust removal assembly is still displaced in front of the laser rangefinder 7.

[0035] Several casters 10 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the receiving plate 6. During operation, the casters 10 provide auxiliary support for the receiving plate 6, and can rotate and move along with the receiving plate 6.

[0036] Furthermore, the dust removal component is configured in two halves. The lower dust removal component is a rigid steel component 81, and the upper dust removal component is a flexible component. The height of the rigid steel component 81 is at least equal to that of the laser rangefinder 7. During operation, the rigid steel component 81 supports the upper dust removal component, i.e., the flexible component. If the surrounding rock mass 1 of the roadway protrudes significantly towards the support plate 6, the rigid steel component 81, with its high hardness (at least equal to that of the laser rangefinder 7), can provide pre-collision protection, preventing the laser rangefinder 7 from colliding with the protruding part of the surrounding rock mass 1 towards the support plate 6, thus avoiding damage to the laser rangefinder 7 due to the collision.

[0037] Furthermore, the flexible component includes a soft brush 821, the bristles of which are in contact with the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock mass 1. During operation, the soft brush 821 moves along with the electric slider 42. While moving, the soft brush 821 can clean the coal dust adhering to the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock mass 1, thus avoiding the problem that the coal dust floating and adhering to the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock mass 1 affects the accuracy of the laser rangefinder 7 in monitoring the deformation of the entire cross section of the roadway surrounding rock mass 1.

[0038] The flexible component also includes a silicone plate 822, which is connected to the outer surface of the rigid steel component 81 and is positioned between the laser rangefinder 7 and the soft brush 821. During operation, the silicone plate 822 acts as a barrier to prevent coal dust swept off by the soft brush 821 from falling directly onto the outer surface of the laser rangefinder 7. The silicone plate 822 can block coal dust while being relatively soft. If it encounters a small protrusion of the surrounding rock mass 1 in the tunnel (such as a protrusion within five millimeters), it can deform to a certain extent and continue to move with the electric slider 42.

[0039] The soft brush 821 is connected to a small brush 823, which is fitted onto the outer surface of the slide rail 41. The bristles of the small brush 823 are in contact with the outer surface of the slide rail 41. During operation, the small brush 823 facilitates the sweeping off of coal dust adhering to the outer surface of the slide rail 41.

[0040] Furthermore, the receiving plate 6 is connected to the protective plate 91 via a limiting component. The outer surface of the protective plate 91 is adapted to the inner wall of the surrounding rock mass 1 of the roadway. During the monitoring process, when the laser rangefinder 7 detects a deformed protrusion on the inner wall of the surrounding rock mass 1 of the roadway, the protective plate 91 is required to provide protective support. The controller drives the limiting component to move the protective plate 91 toward the deformed protrusion on the inner wall of the surrounding rock mass 1 of the roadway, providing effective support and protection, preventing the deformed protrusion from falling off and injuring passersby, and improving safety performance.

[0041] The limiting component includes several springs 92 connected to the receiving plate 6 and the protective plate 91. Several electromagnets 93 are also provided between the receiving plate 6 and the protective plate 91. The electromagnets 93 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective plate 91. The receiving plate 6 can be made of any material, such as iron or steel. During the monitoring process, the electromagnets 93 are energized and attracted to the receiving plate 6, while the springs 92 are compressed. When the laser rangefinder 7 detects a deformed protrusion on the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock mass 1, the protective plate 91 is required for protection and support. When the protective plate 91 moves to the deformed protrusion on the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock mass 1, the controller drives the electromagnets 93 to de-energize, the electromagnets 93 separate from the receiving plate 6, and the springs 92 extend and push the protective plate 91 toward the deformed protrusion on the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock mass 1, providing effective support and protection to prevent the deformed protrusion from falling off and injuring passersby, thus improving safety performance.

[0042] Furthermore, both the soft brush 821 and the silicone plate 822 are connected to the receiving plate 6 by screws; during operation, the screws facilitate the disassembly and replacement of worn soft brush 821 and silicone plate 822.

[0043] All electrical equipment required in this invention is electrically connected to an external power source;

[0044] The controller is a well-known technology and will not be improved here, so it will not be described in detail.

[0045] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for full-section deformation of surrounding rock in an underground roadway, comprising a roadway surrounding rock mass (1), wherein the roadway surrounding rock mass (1) is provided with a plurality of anchor bolts (3); characterized in that: The inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock body (1) is provided with a sliding rail (41), the sliding rail (41) is connected with an electric sliding block (42), the electric sliding block (42) is connected with a bearing plate (6) through a rotating assembly, the bearing plate (6) is connected with a plurality of laser range finders (7), the laser emission ports of the laser range finders (7) all face the roadway surrounding rock body (1), and the bearing plate (6) is connected with a dust removal assembly arranged in front of the laser range finder (7). The bearing plate (6) is connected with an alarm (2) and a displacement sensor (11).

2. The device for monitoring the deformation of the full section of the roadway surrounding rock in a mine shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly comprises a motor (51) fixedly connected with the lower surface of the electric sliding block (42), an output end of the motor (51) is connected with a connecting shaft (52), and the lower surface of the connecting shaft (52) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bearing plate (6).

3. The device for monitoring the deformation of the full section of the roadway surrounding rock in a mine shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of universal wheels (10) are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the bearing plate (6).

4. The device for monitoring the deformation of the full section of the roadway surrounding rock in a mine shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dust removal assembly is arranged in two halves, the dust removal assembly located at the lower part is a hard steel part (81), and the dust removal assembly located at the upper part is a flexible assembly, and the height of the hard steel part (81) is at least equal to that of the laser range finder (7).

5. The device for monitoring the deformation of the full section of the roadway surrounding rock in a mine shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flexible assembly comprises a soft brush (821), and the bristles of the soft brush (821) are attached to the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock body (1).

6. The device for monitoring the deformation of the full section of the roadway surrounding rock in a mine shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flexible assembly further comprises a silica gel plate (822), the silica gel plate (822) is connected with the outer surface of the hard steel part (81), and the silica gel plate (822) is arranged between the laser range finder (7) and the soft brush (821).

7. The device for monitoring the deformation of the full section of the roadway surrounding rock in a mine shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The soft brush (821) is connected with a small brush (823), the small brush (823) is sleeved on the outer surface of the sliding rail (41), and the bristles of the small brush (823) are attached to the outer surface of the sliding rail (41).

8. The device for monitoring the deformation of the full section of the roadway surrounding rock in a mine shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bearing plate (6) is connected with a protective plate (91) through a limiting assembly, and the outer surface of the protective plate (91) is matched with the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock body (1).

9. The device for monitoring the deformation of the full section of the roadway surrounding rock in a mine shaft according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting assembly comprises a plurality of springs (92) connected with the bearing plate (6) and the protective plate (91), a plurality of electromagnets (93) are further arranged between the bearing plate (6) and the protective plate (91), the electromagnets (93) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the protective plate (91), and the bearing plate (6) is made of any one of iron and steel.

10. The device for monitoring the deformation of the full section of the roadway surrounding rock in a mine shaft according to claim 9, characterized in that: The soft brush (821) and the silica gel plate (822) are connected with the bearing plate (6) through screws.

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