Cable tray mounting structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of cable laying technology, and more particularly to a cable tray installation structure. It includes a support frame, on which a cable tray is mounted via an angle adjustment mechanism. A bend is located on the right side of the cable tray, and a support arm is detachably mounted on the left side, with a roller at the end of the support arm. The lower inlet of the bend has multiple notches arranged in a circular array, each notch having a locking rod rotatably mounted. A spring is positioned between the lower end of the locking rod and the inner wall of the notch. An installation groove is located on the upper end of the locking rod facing the axis of the bend, and a friction belt is installed within the installation groove. The friction belt can only rotate in one direction. When the cable enters the bend, the friction belt can rotate synchronously with the cable within the installation groove without affecting normal transport. If the cable rolls back, the locking rod, under the pressure of the spring, will cause the friction belt to press against the cable surface. Due to the unidirectional rotation restriction, the friction belt cannot rotate clockwise, preventing the cable from suddenly rolling back and being thrown out, giving the operator more reaction time and improving operational safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable laying technology, and in particular to a cable tray installation structure. Background Technology

[0002] In modern power transmission and communication engineering, cable installation is a core construction process, and its quality directly affects the stability of power transmission and the reliability of communication signals. In actual cable installation, laying and threading are critical steps, but cable rewinding has long been a major problem, severely impacting construction efficiency and easily leading to cable tangling, knotting, and even wear on the cable insulation, causing safety hazards.

[0003] However, our existing cable laying racks and cable threaders have limitations in preventing backwinding: the cable laying racks lack reliable anti-backwinding and linkage braking structures. When guiding cables to turn or threading through key nodes, the cables are prone to accidental backwinding during the laying process, and the cable laying posture cannot be adjusted according to the on-site installation angle, resulting in poor adaptability.

[0004] In addition, cable support structures are mostly fixed installations, making it impossible to adjust the support angle and position according to cable laying requirements; the lack of effective guidance before the cable enters the key laying nodes makes it easy for the cable to get stuck or skewed, increasing the resistance to threading; all of these will further exacerbate the risk of cable rollback.

[0005] To address the high risk of cable rollback in existing technologies, this invention proposes a cable tray installation structure with cable rollback prevention as its core design objective. By optimizing the overall structural design, it integrates multiple functions such as anti-rollback, angle adjustment, and precise guidance, achieving adjustable angle, smooth cable threading, adequate protection, and convenient installation. This reduces the risk of cable rollback and improves the efficiency and quality of cable installation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a cable tray installation structure.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A cable tray installation structure includes a support frame on which a cable tray is mounted via an angle adjustment mechanism. The vertical angle of the cable tray is adjusted during cable tray installation. A set of bends is provided on the right side of the cable tray, with the upper outlet of the bends being horizontal and the lower inlet facing downwards. A support arm is detachably mounted on the left side of the cable tray, with a support roller at the end of the support arm, and the end of the support arm tending to curve upwards. The lower inlet of the bends has a ring array of multiple notches, and a locking rod is rotatably mounted at each notch. A spring is provided between the lower end of the locking rod and the inner wall of the notch. The upper end of the locking rod has a mounting groove facing the axis of the bend, and a friction belt is provided in the mounting groove. The friction belt can only rotate unidirectionally in the direction of cable conveying.

[0009] Preferably, the support frame is T-shaped, and columns can be detachably installed on both sides of the upper end of the support frame. Each column has a notch at its upper end, and sliders are vertically slidably installed on both sides of the notch. A spring is installed between each slider and the notch, and auxiliary wheels are rotatably installed on two sets of sliders on the same column.

[0010] Preferably, a U-shaped seat is detachably installed on the left side of the cable tray, and the support arm is rotatably installed on the U-shaped seat. The end of the support arm is provided with a through hole, and multiple positioning holes are provided in a ring around the rotatable installation part of the support arm on the U-shaped seat. The through hole and the positioning hole are connected by positioning bolts to realize the positioning and installation of the support arm.

[0011] Preferably, vertical plates can be detachably installed on both sides of the U-shaped seat. Two sets of wire exit rollers are symmetrically arranged on the two sets of vertical plates above and below the outlet of the bend pipe. The lower wire exit roller is connected to the support roller via chain drive.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the cable tray is welded and fixed with a vertical truss plate. The lower end of the truss plate extends to below the lower entrance of the bend and is detachably installed with a U-shaped frame. Two sets of front-to-back clamping rods 1 and two sets of left-to-right clamping rods 2 are symmetrically arranged on the frame. The two sets of clamping rods 1 and the two sets of clamping rods 2 form a grid shape to guide the cable into the bend.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end of the support frame is provided with an installation cylinder, and a rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the installation cylinder. The rotating shaft passes through the installation cylinder, a drum is installed on the left side of the rotating shaft, and a threaded shaft is provided on the right end of the rotating shaft. A self-locking nut is installed on the threaded shaft, and a spring is fitted on the right side of the rotating shaft between the installation cylinder and the self-locking nut.

[0014] Preferably, a collar is embedded in the outlet end of the bend, and the inner ring of the collar has multiple sets of spring plates arranged in a ring array, which together form a flexible clamping opening.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the spring sheet is an upturned arc shape.

[0016] Preferably, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a support that can be detachably mounted on the upright, and two sets of connecting rods are provided between the support and the cable tray to form a four-bar linkage structure. A stud is rotatably mounted on the lower connecting rod away from the support. A U-shaped mounting seat is detachably mounted on the support, with the U-shaped opening of the mounting seat facing the lower left. A positioning plate is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat, and the positioning plate has a through hole for the stud to pass through. A self-locking nut is mounted on the stud on the side of the positioning plate away from the cable tray, and the self-locking nut rests against the positioning plate.

[0017] Preferably, the lower end of the support frame is detachably connected to a walking base.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a cable tray installation structure with the following advantages:

[0019] 1. In this invention, during cable laying, the cable first enters the lower inlet of the bend, then is conveyed along the inner wall of the bend, extending out from the upper outlet. Finally, the cable continues to be conveyed, resting on the support roller and extending outward. When the cable enters the bend inlet, the friction belt adheres to the cable surface and can rotate synchronously with the cable within the mounting groove without affecting normal conveying. If the cable shows a tendency to backtrack, the locking rod, under the pressure of spring one, will cause the friction belt to press against the cable surface. Due to the unidirectional rotation restriction, the friction belt cannot rotate clockwise, thus preventing the cable from suddenly backtracking and being thrown out, giving the operator more reaction time and improving operational safety.

[0020] 2. In this invention, the bend tube adopts a bending structure with a horizontal outlet at the upper end and a downward inlet at the lower end, which can guide the cable to smoothly transition from vertical to horizontal conveying, achieve smooth turning guidance, and allow a single line to pass through, effectively avoiding cable entanglement and jamming at the turning point, and improving the smoothness of cable threading.

[0021] 3. In this invention, the spring plates at the outlet of the bend form a flexible clamping opening. The spring plates, under their own elasticity, tightly adhere to the cable surface, achieving flexible clamping and limiting of the cable, preventing the cable from swaying or shifting at the outlet. This achieves both flexible clamping of the cable, preventing swaying and shifting, and, in conjunction with the locking rod friction band anti-reverse mechanism at the inlet, forms a double anti-reverse limiting mechanism. Simultaneously, the spring plates replace the hard edge contact with the cable, reducing the risk of wear.

[0022] 4. This invention uses an angle adjustment mechanism composed of a four-bar linkage and a stud self-locking structure to adjust the vertical angle of the cable tray. It works in coordination with the support arm through a U-shaped seat and positioning holes to achieve multi-level angle adjustment. It can flexibly adjust the support and guiding posture according to the cable laying path, adapt to installation scenarios with different height differences and inclined paths, and eliminates the need for customized special accessories, thus reducing construction costs.

[0023] 5. In this invention, while the support roller supports the cable, it drives the lower output roller to rotate synchronously through chain drive. The output roller limits and guides the cable exit direction. The support roller and the output roller form a cooperative auxiliary conveying force, which not only avoids cable deviation and shaking, but also reduces the resistance of threading and improves the conveying efficiency.

[0024] 6. In this invention, the mounting cylinder and rotating shaft at the lower end of the support frame, together with the self-locking nut and spring, form a reliable drum braking structure. Tightening the self-locking nut locks the drum, preventing accidental unwinding and rewinding. Loosening it unlocks the drum for stable unwinding. The operation is convenient and greatly improves on-site construction safety.

[0025] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows; and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description; or may be learned from practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the left side of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point AA.

[0030] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the assembly of the cable tray and the angle adjustment mechanism.

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of point B in the diagram.

[0032] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram at point C in the diagram.

[0033] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of point D in the diagram.

[0034] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 5 A cross-sectional view after removing the support arm and cables.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembly of the cable tray and the angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A 3D diagram after the roll has been removed.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the column assembly structure of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the roller shaft center of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 11 A top view showing the cables.

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional rotation structure of the friction band on the locking rod of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 15 A schematic diagram and a partial enlarged view of the unidirectional rotation structure of the friction band on the left locking rod.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Walking base; 2. Upright frame; 3. Angle adjustment mechanism; 301. Support; 302. Connecting rod; 303. Stud; 304. Mounting seat; 305. Positioning plate; 306. Self-locking nut II; 4. Cable tray; 5. Bend; 6. U-shaped seat; 7. Support arm; 8. Support roller; 9. Positioning bolt; 10. Locking rod; 11. Friction belt; 12. Wedge block; 13. Top rod; 14. Spring plate; 15. Upright column; 16. 17. Slider; 18. Auxiliary wheel; 19. Vertical plate; 20. Leading roller; 21. Chain drive; 22. Truss plate; 23. Frame; 24. Clamping roller one; 25. Clamping roller two; 26. Mounting cylinder; 27. Rotating shaft; 28. Drum; 29. ​​Screw sleeve; 30. Threaded shaft; 31. Self-locking nut one; 32. Screw shaft; 33. Positioning hole; 34. Spring one; 35. Spring two; 36. Spring three; 37. Spring four; 38. Spring five. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The following will refer to the appendices in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1-16 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0044] Example 1: Cable trays and cable pullers have poor functionality during cable laying, mostly only offering winding and unwinding functions, resulting in overlapping limitations. Furthermore, existing cable trays and pullers lack anti-rewinding functionality, have insufficient linkage braking, and are prone to cable rewinding and jamming. Therefore, this invention provides a cable tray installation structure for auxiliary installation of cables to prevent rewinding.

[0045] The cable tray installation structure of this embodiment includes a support frame 2, which is made of high-strength steel and has stable support performance. A cable tray 4 is mounted on the support frame 2 via an angle adjustment mechanism 3. The angle adjustment mechanism 3 allows for flexible adjustment of the vertical angle of the cable tray 4 during installation and use.

[0046] See attached document Figure 2 As shown, the cable tray 4 adopts a trough-type structure, with a set of elbows 5 welded and fixed on its right side. The elbows 5 are integrally molded from wear-resistant PVC material. The upper outlet of the elbow 5 is kept horizontal to ensure that the cable passes through horizontally; the lower inlet of the elbow 5 faces downward to facilitate the insertion and connection of the cable below. A support arm 7 is detachably installed on the left side of the cable tray 4 by bolts. The end of the support arm 7 is rotatably installed with a roller 8 by a pre-drilled bolt. The outer edge of the roller 8 has a semi-circular groove, which serves as a guide for the cable tray 4 to be inserted and embedded. The outer edge of the roller 8 is covered with a rubber anti-slip layer to enhance the insertion and anti-detachment assistance. The end of the support arm 7 tends to be tilted upward at an angle of 5-10°, which can provide upward support for the cable and prevent the cable from falling off.

[0047] Four notches are formed along a circular array at the lower inlet of the bend 5. Each notch has a triangular plate integrally formed on both sides. A locking rod 10 is rotatably mounted on the two sets of triangular plates at each notch via a pin. A spring 33 is provided between the lower end of the locking rod 10 and the inner wall of the notch. When the spring 33 is in its natural state, the upper end of the locking rod 10 is tilted towards the axis of the bend 5. An installation groove is formed on the upper end of the locking rod 10 facing the axis of the bend 5. Two sets of rotating shafts 26 are spaced apart in the installation groove. The two sets of rotating shafts 26 are rotatably mounted on both sides of the installation groove via bearings. Each set of rotating shafts 26 is fitted with a sleeve roller that can rotate coaxially. A friction belt 11 is fitted on both sets of sleeve rollers. The friction belt 11 is made of rubber with a high coefficient of friction and has good friction braking performance. The inner sides of the two sets of rotating shafts 26 are connected to the locking rod 10 through a ratchet and pawl structure. Alternatively, a one-way bearing can be used, so that the friction belt 11 can only rotate counterclockwise, that is, it can only rotate in the direction of cable unwinding and conveying, and cannot rotate in the opposite direction, thereby achieving one-way limiting of the cable and thus preventing reverse winding.

[0048] Of course, the unidirectional rotation structure of the friction band 11 can also be achieved as follows: (Refer to Appendix) Figure 15 , 16As shown, at least one set of wedge blocks 12 is provided on the outer wall of the locking rod 10 around the circumference of the rotating shaft 26. The rotating shaft 26 extends out of the locking rod 10 and has a radially provided mounting groove. A push rod 13 is slidably installed in the mounting groove. The upper end of the push rod 13 is hemispherical, and a spring 36 is provided between the push rod 13 and the mounting groove. In this way, with the cooperation of the push rod 13 and the wedge blocks 12, when the friction band 11 (rotating shaft 26) on the left side of the locking rod 10 rotates counterclockwise, the push rod 13 can extend and retract in the mounting groove under the guidance of the wedge blocks 12 without affecting the rotation; while when rotating clockwise, the push rod 13 abuts against the vertical surface of the back of the wedge blocks 12 and cannot rotate.

[0049] Based on the above technical solution:

[0050] Before cable laying, adjust the vertical angle of the cable tray 4 using the angle adjustment mechanism 3 according to the on-site installation requirements, and then lock the mechanism after adjustment. Then, install the support arm 7 on the left side of the cable tray 4 using bolts, adjusting the installation position of the support arm 7 according to the cable diameter.

[0051] When laying cables, after the cable is unwound, it first enters the lower inlet of the bend 5, then is fed along the inner wall of the bend 5, and extends out from the upper outlet of the bend 5. Finally, the cable continues to be fed, draped over the support roller 8, and extends outward. The bending structure of the bend 5 ensures smooth turning and guidance of the cable, avoiding cable jamming; and the single-wire passage also greatly reduces the risk of cable tangling and self-locking. The rubber layer of the support roller 8 reduces cable wear, while the upward-curved end of the support arm 7 provides upward support for the cable, preventing it from falling off.

[0052] When the cable enters the inlet of the bend 5, the outer edge of the cable presses against the locking rod 10, causing it to deflect outwards and compressing the spring 33. The friction band 11 in the mounting groove is in contact with the cable surface. When the cable is conveyed forward, the friction band 11 can rotate synchronously with the cable within the mounting groove without affecting normal conveying. If the cable tends to move backwards, the locking rod 10, under the pressure of the spring 33, will cause the friction band 11 to press against the cable surface. Due to the unidirectional rotation restriction, the friction band 11 cannot rotate clockwise, thus preventing the cable from suddenly moving backwards through friction, preventing the cable from suddenly rolling back and being thrown out, giving the operator more reaction time and improving operational safety.

[0053] The equipment in this solution has two usage modes:

[0054] The first method is to assist in the installation of cables on a solid loading surface (such as an indoor ceiling or eaves): In this case, the support roller 8 rests against the loading surface, thereby pressing the cable against the loading surface. The support roller 8 moves along the loading surface, and the cable is naturally unwound and installed.

[0055] See attached document Figure 10As shown, in this usage state, the frame 2 is T-shaped overall, with the vertical and horizontal parts assembled using multiple sets of U-bolts. Columns 15 are detachably mounted on both sides of the upper end of the frame 2 using bolts, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 12 As shown, the column 15 is made of hollow square steel, with a U-shaped connecting pipe welded to its lower end. The diameter of the connecting pipe is compatible with the horizontal part of the frame 2, allowing it to be directly fitted onto the horizontal part of the frame 2. The connecting pipe is connected and locked to the frame 2 by bolts. A notch is provided at the upper end of the column 15, and vertical grooves are provided on both sides of the notch. A slider 16 is slidably installed in the groove, and a spring 34 is provided between the slider 16 and the inner wall of the notch. Two sets of sliders 16 on the same column 15 are rotatably mounted with auxiliary wheels 17 via pins. The outer circumference of the auxiliary wheels 17 is covered with a silicone protective layer.

[0056] When the cable is installed on the auxiliary cable tray 4 on the loading surface, the two sets of auxiliary wheels 17 and the support roller 8 form a triangular support, which will form a basic contact plane, thereby effectively guiding the horizontal laying of the cable. The presence of spring 2 34 allows the auxiliary wheel 17 to have the characteristic of rising and falling within a certain range, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the height of the auxiliary wheel 17, ensuring that the auxiliary wheel 17 is always in contact with the contact surface of the support roller 8. At the same time, the rising and falling characteristic also allows the auxiliary wheel 17 to have a certain amount of clearance as the contact surface rises and falls.

[0057] The second type is suspended (outdoor support, cable tray 4) erection: In this case, the support roller 8 is suspended in the air without any obstruction, and then the cable is supported in the air. During this process, since cable erection is generally used in stages, the column 15 on the support frame 2 can be removed in this stage to reduce the burden on the equipment and operation.

[0058] In this embodiment, to address the technical issues of cable easily rubbing against the edge of the outlet when it exits from the bend 5 and the need to further enhance cable restraint, this embodiment provides a flexible clamping structure: refer to the attached... Figure 8As shown, an annular mounting groove is formed on the inner wall of the outlet end of the bend 5. A collar is embedded in the mounting groove, and the outer ring of the collar is interference-fitted with the mounting groove to ensure a firm installation. The inner ring of the collar has 4-8 sets of spring plates 14 arranged in an annular array. The spring plates 14 are made of elastic stainless steel, with one end fixed to the inner ring by welding, and the other end extending towards the collar axis. Multiple sets of spring plates 14 together form a flexible clamping opening. When the cable is conveyed from inside the bend 5 to the outlet end, it first passes through the flexible clamping opening formed by multiple sets of spring plates 14. Under its own elasticity, the spring plates 14 tightly adhere to the cable surface, achieving flexible clamping and limiting of the cable, preventing the cable from shaking or shifting at the outlet. Simultaneously, the spring plates 14 replace the hard edge of the outlet end of the bend 5 in contact with the cable, significantly reducing the risk of frictional damage to the cable. Friction surfaces or friction textures are provided on the inner wall of the spring plates 14, which can increase the frictional resistance between the spring plates and the cable. This can cooperate with the locking rod 10 to achieve a light, two-stage anti-reverse braking system.

[0059] To address the technical issues of the spring plate 14's end easily scratching the cable insulation layer and the high resistance when the cable enters the clamping opening, the structure of the spring plate 14 is optimized: the end of the spring plate 14 is processed into a raised arc-shaped structure, with the arc facing the direction of cable entry. When the cable exits from the bend 5 and enters the flexible clamping opening, the raised arc-shaped end can guide the cable, guiding it smoothly through the spring plates 14 and reducing the insertion resistance; at the same time, the arc-shaped structure eliminates the sharp edge of the spring plate 14's end, avoiding the risk of the cable being scratched during installation, thereby further improving the protection effect on the cable and optimizing the ease of cable insertion.

[0060] Example 2: To solve the technical problems of the traditional support arm 7 having a fixed installation angle, being unable to adjust the support angle according to the cable laying path, and having poor versatility, this example designs an adjustable support arm 7 structure.

[0061] See attached document Figure 2 , 5 As shown in Figure 11, a U-shaped seat 6 is welded and fixed to the left side of the cable tray 4. The two cantilever ends of the U-shaped seat 6 have pin holes. One end of the support arm 7 is rotatably installed in the pin hole of the U-shaped seat 6 via a pin shaft, allowing the support arm 7 to rotate around the pin shaft. A through hole is opened at the end of the support arm 7. Multiple positioning holes 32 are spaced annularly around the rotatable mounting part of the support arm 7 (i.e., the pin shaft axis). The number of positioning holes 32 is no less than 6, and the included angle between adjacent positioning holes 32 is 2-5°. When the support arm 7 rotates to a suitable angle, the positioning bolt 9 is passed through the through hole at the end of the support arm 7 and the corresponding positioning hole 32, and then tightened with a nut to achieve the positioning and installation of the support arm 7.

[0062] Based on the above technical solution:

[0063] According to the cable laying direction and support requirements, unscrew the positioning bolt 9, rotate the support arm 7 to a suitable angle so that the support direction of the support roller 8 matches the cable conveying direction from the outlet of the bend pipe 5. Then, pass the positioning bolt 9 through the through hole and the corresponding positioning hole 32 and tighten it to lock it. This realizes the multi-level adjustment of the support angle of the support arm 7, which can adapt to the cable support requirements in multiple scenarios, greatly improves the versatility of the support arm 7, and the adjustment operation is convenient without disassembling the overall structure.

[0064] The adjustable angle of the support arm 7, in coordination with the angle adjustment mechanism of the cable tray 4, can flexibly adjust the support and guiding posture according to the cable laying path and diameter, without the need for customized special accessories.

[0065] Example 3: To solve the technical problem that the cable is prone to deviation and shaking at the outlet of the bend 5, this example adds a cable exit roller 19 and a transmission structure based on Example 3.

[0066] See attached document Figure 11 As shown, vertical plates 18 are detachably mounted on both sides of the U-shaped base 6 via bolts. Two sets of wire-exit rollers 19 are vertically symmetrically arranged on the two sets of vertical plates 18, located on the upper and lower sides of the outlet of the bend 5, respectively. The two ends of the wire-exit rollers 19 are rotatably mounted on the vertical plates 18 via bearing seats, and the outer circumference of the wire-exit rollers 19 is also covered with a rubber anti-slip layer. A sprocket is mounted on one end of the lower wire-exit roller 19 and one end of the support roller 8. The two sets of sprockets are connected by a chain, forming a chain drive 20 structure, so that when the support roller 8 rotates, it can drive the lower wire-exit roller 19 to rotate synchronously via the chain.

[0067] Based on the above technical process:

[0068] After the cable extends from the upper outlet of the bend 5, it first passes between the upper and lower sets of cable exit rollers 19, which limits and guides the cable exit direction, preventing cable deviation and vibration. Then, the cable is placed on the support roller 8. As the cable is conveyed forward, it drives the support roller 8 to rotate. The support roller 8, through the chain drive 20, drives the lower cable exit roller 19 to rotate synchronously. The rotation direction of the cable exit roller 19 is consistent with the cable conveying direction, which can provide auxiliary conveying force for the cable and reduce threading resistance. In this embodiment, the cable exit is guided by the cable exit roller 19, and the chain drive 20 enables the support roller 8 and the cable exit roller 19 to work together, further improving the smoothness of cable conveying.

[0069] Example 4: To solve the technical problem of low wire threading efficiency caused by lack of effective guidance, jamming, and skewness before the cable enters the bend 5, this example adds a truss 21, a frame 22, and a clamping rod structure on the basis of Example 1.

[0070] See attached document Figure 7 , 11As shown, a vertical truss 21 is welded to the lower end of the cable tray 4, extending to below the lower inlet of the bend 5. A U-shaped frame 22 is detachably mounted on the lower end of the truss 21 via bolts. Two sets of clamping rods 23 are symmetrically arranged along the front-to-back direction on the frame 22, and two sets of clamping rods 24 are symmetrically arranged along the left-to-right direction. Both clamping rods 23 and 24 are rotatably mounted on the frame 22 via bearings, and the two sets of clamping rods 23 and 24 are perpendicular to each other, forming a grid-shaped guide structure. The outer circumference of both clamping rods 23 and 24 is covered with a soft rubber layer to prevent damage to the cable insulation.

[0071] After unwinding, the cable first passes between the grid-shaped clamps 23 and 24. The clamps 23 limit the cable's forward and backward movement, while the clamps 24 limit its left and right movement, guiding the cable to remain centered and accurately enter the lower inlet of the subsequent bend 5. During cable transport, the clamps 23 and 24 rotate synchronously with the cable, reducing guiding resistance. This embodiment, through its grid-shaped guiding structure, effectively avoids the problem of cable jamming and skew before entering the bend 5, significantly improving threading efficiency while also providing some protection for the cable.

[0072] Example 5, see attached document Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4, 10, and 13, an installation cylinder 25 is welded and fixed to the lower end of the support frame 2. The installation cylinder 25 is made of hollow steel pipe and is placed horizontally along the axis. Bearings are embedded inside both ends of the installation cylinder 25, and a rotating shaft 26 is installed in the inner rings of both sets of bearings. The rotating shaft 26 passes horizontally through the installation cylinder 25. A cable reel 27 is installed on the left side of the rotating shaft 26 via a flat key for winding the cable to be laid. Sleeves are fitted on both sides of the reel 27 on the rotating shaft 26, and a screw shaft 31 is integrally provided on the left end of the rotating shaft 26. A screw sleeve 28 is screwed onto the screw shaft 31. The screw sleeve 28 abuts against the left end face of the left sleeve. The right end face of the right sleeve has a shoulder, which abuts against the left side of the inner ring of the left bearing of the installation cylinder 25, thus completing the installation and fixation of the reel 27. The right end of the rotating shaft 26 has an integrally formed threaded shaft 29, on which a self-locking nut 30 is installed. A spring 35 is fitted between the mounting cylinder 25 and the self-locking nut 30 on the right side of the rotating shaft 26. The two ends of the spring 35 are tightly fitted to the right end face of the mounting cylinder 25 and the self-locking nut 30, respectively.

[0073] Based on the above technical solution:

[0074] Before construction, rotate the self-locking nut 30 to compress the spring 35, so that the spring 35 exerts a counterforce on the self-locking nut 30. By utilizing the self-locking characteristics of the self-locking nut 30 and the threaded shaft 29, the initial braking of the shaft 26 is achieved, preventing the cable from being accidentally unwound.

[0075] When laying cables, loosening the self-locking nut 30 resets the spring 35, allowing the rotating shaft 26 to rotate with the cable, driving the cable reel 27 to unwind stably. When it's necessary to pause unwinding, tightening the self-locking nut 30 again brakes the rotating shaft 26, preventing the cable from rewinding backwards or accidentally unwinding. This embodiment achieves convenient braking and unlocking of the cable reel 27 through a simple mechanical structure, improving construction safety and operational convenience.

[0076] Example 6: This example provides a simple angle adjustment mechanism 3: Refer to Appendix Figure 9 , 11 As shown, the specific structure of the angle adjustment mechanism 3 includes a support 301 detachably mounted on the upright 2 via U-bolts. Two sets of connecting rods 302 are provided between the support 301 and the cable tray 4. The two ends of the two sets of connecting rods 302 are rotatably connected to the support 301 and the cable tray 4 via pins, forming a four-bar linkage 302 structure to ensure the stability of the cable tray 4 during adjustment. A stud 303 is rotatably mounted on the side of the lower connecting rod 302 away from the support 301 via pre-drilled bolts. A U-shaped mounting seat 304 is detachably mounted on the support 301 via two sets of bolts, which limit the mounting seat 304 and prevent lateral deviation. The U-shaped opening of the mounting seat 304 faces downwards to the left. A positioning plate 305 is rotatably mounted between the two side walls of the mounting seat 304 via pins. The positioning plate 305 has a through hole for the stud 303 to pass through, and the diameter of the through hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the stud 303. Self-locking nuts 306 are installed on both sides of the positioning plate 305 on the stud 303. The self-locking nuts 306 abut against the positioning plate 305, and the locking of the four-bar linkage 302 structure is achieved through the cooperation between the self-locking nuts 306 and the stud 303.

[0077] The usage process of this embodiment is as follows: When adjusting the angle of the cable tray 4, loosen the self-locking nut 306, push the positioning plate 305 to rotate around the pin, and the positioning plate 305 drives the lower connecting rod 302 to swing through the stud 303. In turn, the four-bar linkage 302 structure drives the cable tray 4 to rotate around the support 301, thereby achieving vertical angle adjustment. After adjusting to the appropriate angle, tighten the self-locking nut 306. The spring 35 and the clamping force between the self-locking nut 306 and the positioning plate 305 lock the position of the stud 303, thereby fixing the four-bar linkage 302 structure and locking the angle of the cable tray 4. The four-bar linkage 302 structure of this embodiment provides stable adjustment, and the cooperation between the stud 303 and the self-locking nut 306 can achieve precise angle adjustment. Moreover, the locking reliability is high and it is not easy to loosen.

[0078] Alternatively, a second self-locking nut 306 can be installed on the stud 303 on the side of the positioning plate 305 away from the cable tray 4, and a fifth spring 37 can be installed on the stud 303 between the connecting rod 302 and the positioning plate 305. The fifth spring 37 is always in a compressed and tending-to-expand state (this structure is shown in the attached diagram). In this way, through the expansion of the fifth spring 37, the second self-locking nut 306 abuts against the positioning plate 305, thereby supporting the connecting rod 302 and forming a relatively flexible support, so that the cable tray 4 can float according to the influence of factors such as the contact surface. Furthermore, the positioning angle of the cable tray 4 can still be adjusted by turning the second self-locking nut 306 on the side of the positioning plate 305 away from the cable tray 4; and a third self-locking nut can also be installed on the stud 303 on the side of the positioning plate 305 facing the cable tray 4. In this way, the upper and lower ends of the fifth spring 37 abut against the third self-locking nut and the positioning plate 305 respectively. By turning the third self-locking nut, the compression state of the fifth spring 37 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the resistance to the floating of the cable tray 4.

[0079] In this design, to facilitate easier movement and handling of the equipment, the lower end of the upright frame 2 is optimized. A traveling base 1 is detachably connected to the lower end of the upright frame 2 via bolts. The traveling base 1 includes a rectangular base made of welded steel plate, with four casters with brakes bolted to the lower corners. A connecting seat matching the lower end of the upright frame 2 is welded to the upper end of the base, and the lower end of the upright frame 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat via bolts. This significantly improves the overall mobility of the structure, reduces handling costs and labor intensity during multi-point construction, and increases construction efficiency.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0081] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0082] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable tray installation structure, comprising a support frame (2), characterized in that, The upright frame (2) is equipped with a cable tray (4) via an angle adjustment mechanism (3). The vertical angle of the cable tray (4) is adjusted by the angle adjustment mechanism (3) during the cable tray (4). A set of bends (5) is provided on the right side of the cable tray (4). The upper outlet of the bend (5) is horizontal and the lower inlet of the bend (5) faces downward. A support arm (7) is detachably installed on the left side of the cable tray (4). A support wheel (8) is provided at the end of the support arm (7). The end of the support arm (7) tends to be upturned. The lower inlet of the bend (5) has a ring array with multiple notches. A locking rod (10) is rotatably installed at each notch. A spring (33) is provided between the lower end of the locking rod (10) and the inner wall of the notch. An installation groove is provided on the side of the upper end of the locking rod (10) facing the axis of the bend (5). A friction belt (11) is provided in the installation groove. The friction belt (11) can only rotate in one direction in the direction of cable delivery. The elbow (5) has a collar embedded in the outlet end. The inner ring of the collar has multiple sets of spring plates (14) arranged in a ring. The multiple sets of spring plates (14) together form a flexible clamping opening. The inner wall of the spring plates (14) is provided with friction surfaces or friction patterns. The angle adjustment mechanism (3) includes a support (301) detachably mounted on the upright (2). Two sets of connecting rods (302) are provided between the support (301) and the cable tray (4) to form a four-bar (302) structure. A stud (303) is rotatably mounted on the side of the lower connecting rod (302) away from the support (301). A U-shaped mounting seat (304) is detachably mounted on the support (301). The U-shaped opening of the mounting seat (304) faces downward to the left. A positioning plate (305) is rotatably mounted on the mounting base (304). The positioning plate (305) has a through hole for the stud (303) to pass through. A self-locking nut (306) is provided on the stud (303) on the side of the positioning plate (305) away from the cable tray (4). A spring (37) is installed on the stud (303) between the connecting rod (302) and the positioning plate (305). The self-locking nut (306) rests against the positioning plate (305).

2. The cable tray installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (2) is T-shaped. The upper ends of the support frame (2) can be detachably installed with columns (15). The upper ends of the columns (15) are provided with notches. The two sides of the notches are vertically slidably installed with sliders (16). The sliders (16) and the notches are provided with springs (34). The two sets of sliders (16) on the same column (15) are rotatably installed with auxiliary wheels (17).

3. The cable tray installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable tray (4) has a U-shaped seat (6) detachably installed on the left side. The support arm (7) is rotatably installed on the U-shaped seat (6). The end of the support arm (7) is provided with a through hole. The U-shaped seat (6) is provided with multiple positioning holes (32) at intervals around the rotatable installation part of the support arm (7). The through hole and the positioning hole (32) are connected by positioning bolts (9) to realize the positioning installation of the support arm (7).

4. The cable tray installation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The U-shaped seat (6) has vertical plates (18) that can be detachably installed on both sides. Two sets of wire exit rollers (19) are symmetrically arranged on the two sets of vertical plates (18) above and below the outlet of the bend (5). The side wire exit rollers (19) are connected to the support rollers (8) via chain drive (20).

5. The cable tray installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the cable tray (4) is welded and fixed with a vertical truss (21). The lower end of the truss (21) extends to the lower end of the bend (5) and is detachably installed with a square frame (22). Two sets of front-to-back clamps (23) are symmetrically arranged on the frame (22), and two sets of left-to-right clamps (24) are symmetrically arranged on the frame (22). The two sets of clamps (23) and the two sets of clamps (24) form a grid shape to guide the cable into the bend (5).

6. The cable tray installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the support frame (2) is provided with an installation cylinder (25), and a rotating shaft (26) is rotatably installed inside the installation cylinder (25). The rotating shaft (26) passes through the installation cylinder (25). A drum (27) is installed on the left side of the rotating shaft (26), and a threaded shaft (29) is provided on the right end of the rotating shaft (26). A self-locking nut (30) is installed on the threaded shaft (29). A spring (35) is fitted on the right side of the rotating shaft (26) between the installation cylinder (25) and the self-locking nut (30).

7. The cable tray installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the spring sheet (14) is an upturned arc shape.

8. The cable tray installation structure according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The lower end of the support frame (2) is detachably connected to the walking base (1).

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