Clamp for gear machining

Abstract

The invention provides a clamp for gear machining. The clamp comprises a machine table, a bearing disc, a sensor and a driving unit. The bearing disc is rotatably arranged on the machine table around the axis in the first direction, so that the gear on the bearing disc can be driven to rotate, and different positions of the gear can be machined conveniently. The sensor is used for judging the rotation angle of the gear, and the driving unit is electrically connected with the sensor, so that the rotation angle of the gear can be accurately controlled, and the gear can be accurately indexed and accurately machined. The two clamping pieces of the first clamping unit can oppositely and synchronously move in the second direction so that the gear can be clamped and loosened, and the stability of the gear on the center axis of the bearing disc can be kept. The machining precision and efficiency of the gear are guaranteed through precise transposition of the gear and control over the central axis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of machining fixture technology, specifically to a fixture for gear machining. Background Technology

[0002] Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) composites are increasingly being used in the field of high-precision gear manufacturing due to their unique physical properties, including extremely high hardness, excellent wear resistance and outstanding thermal conductivity. This superhard material is particularly suitable for applications with stringent requirements for transmission systems, such as high-end industrial transmission devices that require long-term stable operation and extremely low wear rates.

[0003] In related technologies, when machining high-precision gears, it is often necessary to perform multi-station and multi-angle indexing machining on the tooth grooves and tooth surfaces. The rotation indexing of traditional fixtures mostly relies on open mechanical scales or manual visual inspection. The angle control accuracy and repeatability are difficult to meet the micron-level requirements of high-precision gear manufacturing, which can easily lead to cumulative pitch errors and affect the accuracy of the machined gears. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of this application provide a fixture for gear machining to ensure the accuracy of gear rotation and clamping on furniture, and to ensure the accuracy of the machined gear.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a fixture for gear machining is provided, comprising a machine base, a carrier plate, a sensor, and a drive unit; the carrier plate is rotatably mounted on the machine base about an axis in a first direction; the carrier plate has a placement surface for placing a gear; the sensor is used to detect the rotation angle of the carrier plate; the drive unit is drivenly connected to the carrier plate to drive the carrier plate to rotate; the drive unit and the sensor are electrically connected; a first clamping unit is used to clamp the inner circumference of the gear; the first clamping unit includes two clamping members; the two clamping members are movable relative to each other in a second direction to clamp and release the gear; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, the carrier plate is provided with a clearance hole; the first clamping unit further includes a driving member and a linkage rod; the linkage rod is connected between the clamping member and the driving member to drive the clamping member to move; the linkage rod is disposed on the side of the carrier plate facing the inside of the machine tool; one end of the clamping member along the first direction is fixed on the linkage rod, and the clamping member passes through the clearance hole along the first direction.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the machine tool is provided with a guide groove extending in a second direction; the linkage rod passes through the guide groove and is able to slide along the guide groove.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the driving component is a first telescopic rod; the first telescopic rod is fixed to the machine base.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the machine base has a through hole extending through its own wall thickness along a first direction; the inner peripheral wall of the through hole has a raised rib; the outer periphery of the bearing plate is circular, and the peripheral side of the bearing plate abuts against the inner side wall of the through hole; one side of the bearing plate along the first direction abuts against the raised rib.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, a rotation disk is further included, which is rotatably disposed in the through hole and is drively connected to the drive unit; the outer periphery of the rotation disk abuts against the inner sidewall of the through hole; the rotation disk is fixedly connected to the carrier disk, and the rotation disk and the carrier disk have a preset distance in a first direction.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the indexing disk is disposed on the side of the carrier disk facing the interior of the machine tool, and a rotating rod is provided between the indexing disk and the carrier disk to drive the carrier disk to rotate with the indexing disk.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the rotating rod has a tensile force between the bearing plate and the indexing plate, and the indexing plate abuts against the through hole on one side edge of the bearing plate to keep the bearing plate abutting against the rib.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, an annular groove is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the through hole; the outer periphery of the indexing disk is engaged in the annular groove, restricting the movement of the indexing disk along its own radial and axial directions.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, a flange is fixed to the side of the indexing disk facing away from the bearing disk; the flange is drively connected to the drive unit.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the drive unit is connected to a transmission unit, the transmission unit including a worm gear connected to the drive unit and a turbine gear meshing with the worm gear; the turbine gear is provided with a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft of the turbine gear is directly or indirectly connected to the bearing plate.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, an annular indexing dial is provided on the operating surface of the machine tool, and the indexing dial is arranged around the center of the support plate; multiple scales are opened on the indexing dial; the multiple scales are evenly distributed around the rotation axis of the support plate; the sensor is used to detect the angle of rotation of the gear on the support plate relative to the indexing dial.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, a second clamping unit is also included, the second clamping unit comprising two abutting members; the two abutting members are movable relative to each other in a third direction to clamp the outside of the gear along the third direction; the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0018] In some embodiments of this application, two protruding support plates are formed on the operating surface of the machine tool; the two support plates are spaced apart along a third direction; the second clamping unit further includes a second telescopic rod; the second telescopic rod is capable of telescopic extension and retraction along a third direction, one end of the second telescopic rod is connected to the support plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the abutment member.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, grooves are respectively provided on the opposite surfaces of the two support plates. The grooves extend along a first direction, and one end of the second telescopic rod facing away from the abutment is limited within the groove and can slide in the extending direction of the groove.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, a slider is fixed to one end of the second telescopic rod facing away from the abutment; the slider is limited within the groove and can slide along the extension direction of the groove; the friction between the slider and the groove can restrict the slider to different positions within the groove.

[0021] According to a second aspect of this application, this application provides a method of using a clamp, wherein the clamp is the aforementioned clamp; the method includes: The gear to be processed is placed on the placement surface of the bearing disk, and the two clamping members are inserted into the inner hole of the gear; the two clamping members move relative to each other in a second direction and abut against the inner circumference of the gear to position the gear so that the gear axis coincides with the axis of the bearing disk; according to the processing parameters of the gear to be processed, the rotation angle of the gear is controlled during the processing of the gear.

[0022] The above-mentioned technical features have at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: A support plate is rotatably mounted on the machine tool about an axis in a first direction, thereby driving the gear on the support plate to rotate, facilitating machining at different positions of the gear. A sensor is used to determine the rotation angle of the gear. The drive unit is electrically connected to the sensor, enabling precise control of the gear's rotation angle for accurate gear indexing and machining. Two clamping members of the first clamping unit can move relative to each other and synchronously in a second direction to clamp and release the gear, maintaining the stability of the gear's central axis on the support plate. Precise gear indexing and control of the central axis ensure both machining accuracy and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the gear being clamped on a fixture according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture structure shown in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the machine tool shown in the embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the machine tool shown in the embodiments of this application.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fixture shown in the embodiments of this application.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the carrier disk and the indexing disk in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the indexing disk and the carrier disk on the machine tool, as illustrated in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission unit shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the first clamping unit on the machine tool according to an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the second clamping unit on the machine platform according to an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the control component shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 12 This is a flowchart illustrating the method of using the fixture as shown in the embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure label: 10. Gear; 100. Machine base; 101. Operating surface; 102. Through hole; 103. Rib; 104. Annular groove; 105. Guide groove; 200. Bearing plate; 201. Placement surface; 202. Clearance hole; 210. Support plate; 211. Slide groove; 220. Vibration damping assembly; 221. Vibration damping pad; 222. Metal pressure plate; 230. Indexing dial; 300. Drive unit; 400. Sensor; 500. Rotary disk; 510. Rotating rod; 520. Flange Disc; 600, Transmission unit; 610, Worm gear; 611, Coupling; 612, Bearing housing; 620, Turbine; 621, Rotating shaft; 700, First clamping unit; 710, Clamping component; 720, Driving component; 730, Linkage rod; 740, Connecting plate; 800, Second clamping unit; 810, Abutting component; 820, Second telescopic rod; 830, Slider; 900, Control assembly; 901, Electrical control box; 902, Controller; 903, Information acquisition module. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0038] In related technologies, high-hardness gears 10 pose a huge challenge to the machining process due to their hardness characteristics and inherent brittleness. In actual machining, not only is it required that the fixture has micron-level positioning accuracy, but it is also necessary to ensure that the clamping force remains stable throughout the entire machining cycle. At the same time, there are extremely strict requirements for the indexing accuracy of the cutting tool. Any slight deviation may cause the cutting tool to break or the workpiece to be scrapped.

[0039] One object of this application is to provide a fixture for machining a gear 10, which is used for radial high-precision indexing, positioning, and stable clamping of the gear 10, thereby improving the accuracy of the machined gear 10. The fixture is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] For ease of description and understanding, the first direction in this application is parallel to the central axis of the gear 10 on the furniture, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the third and second directions are in the same plane. For example, the first direction is vertical, and the second and third directions are horizontal.

[0041] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the gear 10 being held in a fixture according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture structure shown in an embodiment of this application. This application provides a fixture for machining gears 10, particularly suitable for high-precision indexing machining of gears 10 made of superhard materials such as polycrystalline diamond (PCD) composite materials. The fixture includes a machine base 100 and a support plate 200, the support plate 200 being mounted on the machine base 100 to support the gears 10. External machining equipment then processes the gears 10 on the support plate 200.

[0042] Machine base 100 is the mounting base and structural foundation of the entire fixture, and all other functional components are directly or indirectly mounted on machine base 100. Machine base 100 needs to ensure sufficient mass, rigidity and stability to resist the cutting forces and vibrations generated during machining.

[0043] The machine tool 100 has an operating surface 101 on one side, and an external machining device performs machining on the gear 10 on the support plate 200 on the operating surface 101. The support plate 200 is rotatably mounted on the machine tool 100 about a first direction axial direction, and the support plate 200 is provided with a placement surface 201 for placing the gear 10. The placement surface 201 is configured such that the gear 10 on the placement surface 201 is exposed to the operating surface 101 to facilitate machining of the gear 10.

[0044] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the machine tool 100 shown in the embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the machine tool 100 shown in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the machine tool 100 has a through hole 102 extending through its own wall thickness along a first direction. The bearing plate 200 is at least partially located in the through hole 102 in the first direction, and the peripheral side of the bearing plate 200 abuts against the inner sidewall of the through hole 102, so that the bearing plate 200 can rotate around its own axis within the through hole 102.

[0045] In one embodiment, the through hole 102 is a circular hole, and the outer periphery of the support disk 200 is circular.

[0046] In another embodiment, the outer periphery of the support disk 200 is circular, and the through hole 102 can be of any shape. The through hole 102 abuts against the outer periphery of the support disk 200, so that the support disk 200 can only rotate within the through hole 102 about its own axis. For example, the through hole 102 can be triangular, quadrilateral, pentagonal, or hexagonal, etc.

[0047] In one example, the carrier plate 200 is entirely located within the through hole 102 along the first direction. In another example, the carrier plate 200 is partially located within the through hole 102 along the first direction, and the portion of the carrier plate 200 along the first direction extends beyond the operating surface 101 of the machine tool 100.

[0048] In other embodiments, the support plate 200 is not disposed in the through hole 102, and the support plate 200 can be supported on the operating surface 101 of the workbench.

[0049] In one embodiment, the support disk 200 is at least partially located within the through hole 102, and the inner peripheral wall of the through hole 102 has a protruding rib 103. The outer periphery of the support disk 200 is circular, and the peripheral side of the support disk 200 abuts against the inner side wall of the through hole 102. One side of the support disk 200 along the first direction abuts against the rib 103. The rib 103 and the through hole 102 limit and support the support disk 200, ensuring the stability of the center position of the support disk 200 when it rotates, and ensuring the accuracy of the gear 10 after processing.

[0050] For example, the bearing plate 200 is set horizontally, and the rib 103 is supported on the lower surface edge of the bearing plate 200. The rib 103 supports the bearing plate 200 and effectively ensures that the bearing plate 200 is horizontal after rotation.

[0051] In some embodiments, the through hole 102 is a round hole, and the rib 103 is an annular structure.

[0052] In other embodiments, multiple ribs 103 are provided at circumferential intervals along the support plate 200, and multiple ribs 103 are supported on the support plate 200.

[0053] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fixture shown in an embodiment of this application. The fixture also includes a drive unit 300, which is tractively connected to the support plate 200 to drive the support plate 200 to rotate. The drive unit 300 drives the support plate 200 to rotate, eliminating the need for manual control of the support plate 200's rotation. This facilitates more precise control of the rotation of the support plate 200.

[0054] In this embodiment, the fixture also includes a sensor 400, which is used to detect the rotation angle of the support plate 200. The drive unit 300 and the sensor 400 are electrically connected. The support plate 200 is rotatably mounted on the machine base 100 about an axis in a first direction, thereby driving the gear 10 on the support plate 200 to rotate, so as to facilitate machining at different positions of the gear 10. The sensor 400 is used to determine the rotation angle of the gear 10. The drive unit 300 and the sensor 400 are electrically connected, so as to accurately control the rotation angle of the gear 10 for precise indexing of the gear 10, facilitating precise machining of the gear 10.

[0055] In one embodiment, the drive unit 300 is a servo motor. In other embodiments, the drive unit 300 can be a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0056] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the carrier disk 200 and the indexing disk 500 in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the indexing disk 500 and the carrier disk 200 on the machine tool 100, as illustrated in an embodiment of this application. The fixture also includes the indexing disk 500, which is rotatably disposed within the through hole 102. The indexing disk 500 is drive-connected to the drive unit 300 and fixedly connected to the carrier disk 200, thereby transmitting the power of the drive unit 300 to the carrier disk 200, causing the carrier disk 200 to rotate.

[0057] In one embodiment, the carrier disk 200 and the indexing disk 500 are respectively positioned within the through hole 102. The outer peripheries of the carrier disk 200 and the indexing disk 500 abut against the inner peripheral wall of the through hole 102. The indexing disk 500 is fixedly connected to the carrier disk 200. The indexing disk 500 and the carrier disk 200 have a preset distance in the first direction, which effectively prevents the carrier disk 200 from shaking during rotation, effectively prevents the gear 10 on the carrier disk 200 from deviating from its position, and improves the rotation accuracy of the carrier disk 200.

[0058] In one embodiment, the indexing disk 500 is disposed on the side of the carrier disk 200 facing the interior of the machine tool 100, and a rotating rod 510 is provided between the indexing disk 500 and the carrier disk 200 to drive the carrier disk 200 to rotate with the indexing disk 500. The rotating rod 510 fixes the indexing disk 500 and the carrier disk 200 together.

[0059] For example, the central axis of the rotating rod 510, the central axis of the bearing plate 200, and the central axis of the indexing plate 500 coincide, which can effectively prevent the bearing plate 200 from shaking and effectively ensure the accuracy of the gear 10 after processing.

[0060] In some embodiments, the rotating rod 510 exerts a tension between the bearing plate 200 and the indexing plate 500. The edge of the indexing plate 500 facing the bearing plate 200 abuts against the through hole 102 to keep the bearing plate 200 abutting against the rib 103, thereby ensuring that the bearing plate 200 is not prone to positional changes and ensuring the precision of the gear 10 on the bearing plate 200 after machining.

[0061] In one example, an annular groove 104 is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the through hole 102; the outer periphery of the indexing disk 500 is engaged in the annular groove 104, restricting the movement of the indexing disk 500 in its radial and axial directions. By restricting the indexing disk 500, the wobbling of the bearing disk 200 is limited, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the gear 10.

[0062] In other embodiments, the indexing disk 500 and the carrier disk 200 are fixedly connected by fasteners (such as bolts or screws).

[0063] In one embodiment, a flange 520 is fixed to the side of the indexing disk 500 facing away from the carrier disk 200; the flange 520 is drive-connected to the drive unit 300. Multiple fixed connection positions are formed between the flange 520 and the indexing disk 500, distributed around the central axis of the indexing disk 500. This avoids excessive concentration of power transmitted to the indexing disk 500, reduces the probability of the indexing disk 500 shaking, and enhances the stability and reliability of the carrier disk 200 position.

[0064] See Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission unit 600 shown in an embodiment of this application. The transmission unit 600 is connected to the drive unit 300. The transmission unit 600 includes a worm gear 610 connected to the drive unit 300 and a turbine gear 620 meshing with the worm gear 610. A rotating shaft 621 is provided on the turbine gear 620. The rotating shaft 621 of the turbine gear 620 is directly or indirectly connected to the bearing disk 200.

[0065] In one embodiment, the worm 610 extends in a straight line, with one end connected to the drive unit 300 via a coupling 611. The other end of the worm 610 passes through a bearing housing 612. The drive motor and the bearing housing 612 are respectively fixed to the machine base 100, thereby ensuring the stability of the worm 610.

[0066] In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 621 of the turbine 620 is fixedly connected to the flange 520, the flange 520 is connected to the indexing plate 500, and the indexing plate 500 is connected to the bearing plate 200 through the rotating rod 510, thereby transmitting the power of the drive unit 300 to the bearing plate 200 to drive the bearing plate 200 to rotate.

[0067] In other embodiments, the bearing disk 200 is not provided with a rotation disk 500, and the rotating shaft 621 of the turbine 620 can be directly fixedly connected to the bearing disk 200.

[0068] In other embodiments, the transmission unit 600 may be a single shaft, a set of gears, or a sprocket, or other structures.

[0069] It should be noted that in some embodiments, both the drive unit 300 and the transmission unit 600 are located inside the machine base 100.

[0070] See Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the first clamping unit 700 on the machine tool 100 according to an embodiment of this application. In this application, the fixture further includes the first clamping unit 700, which is used to clamp the inner circumference of the gear 10. The first clamping unit 700 includes two clamping members 710; the two clamping members 710 are movable relative to each other in a second direction to clamp and release the gear 10. For example, the first direction is vertical and the second direction is horizontal.

[0071] The two clamping members 710 of the first clamping unit 700 can move relative to each other and synchronously in the second direction to clamp and release the gear 10, maintaining the stability of the central axis of the gear 10 on the carrier plate 200. Precise indexing of the gear 10 and control of its central axis ensure the machining accuracy and efficiency of the gear 10.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first clamping unit 700 further includes a drive member 720 and a linkage rod 730, the linkage rod 730 being connected between the clamping member 710 and the drive member 720 for driving the clamping member 710 to move.

[0073] In one embodiment, the support plate 200 has a clearance hole 202; the linkage rod 730 is disposed on the side of the support plate 200 facing the interior of the machine tool 100; one end of the clamping member 710 along a first direction is fixed to the linkage rod 730, and the clamping member 710 passes through the clearance hole 202 along the first direction. The linkage rod 730 is used to drive the clamping member 710 to move. The linkage rod 730 is disposed on the side of the support plate 200 facing the interior of the machine tool 100 to avoid the linkage rod 730 affecting the processing of the gear 10. The clamping member 710 passing through the clearance hole 202 can effectively ensure the clamping of the inner side of the gear 10 by the clamping member 710.

[0074] In one example, the opposite faces of the two clamping members 710 are curved surfaces, which facilitates the clamping and engagement of the clamping members 710 on the inner circumferential surface of the gear 10.

[0075] In another example, the two clamping elements 710 may be arc-shaped blocks or prisms, with the inner surface shape of the clamping elements 710 matching the local circumference of the inner hole of the gear 10. The clamping elements 710 may be fitted with cushioning pads such as copper, engineering plastics, or hard rubber to prevent damage to the surface of the high-hardness PCD gear 10.

[0076] In one embodiment, a guide groove 105 extending in a second direction is provided within the machine tool 100; a linkage rod 730 passes through the guide groove 105 and is slidable along the guide groove 105, with one end of the linkage rod 730 extending out of the guide groove 105 and fixedly connected to the clamping member 710. The linkage rod 730 extends in the second direction, and the guide groove 105 extends in the second direction to ensure the sliding of the linkage rod 730 in the second direction. The guide groove 105 guides the linkage rod 730, ensuring its stability in the second direction, thereby enhancing the stability of the clamping member 710 in the second direction, ensuring the stability and reliability of the position definition of the gear 10, and ensuring the accuracy of the processed gear 10.

[0077] In one embodiment, the outer periphery of the linkage rod 730 is fitted against the peripheral sidewall of the guide groove 105 to ensure the stability and reliability of the linkage rod 730.

[0078] In some embodiments, the drive element 720 is a first telescopic rod; the first telescopic rod is fixed on the machine base 100. The first telescopic rod is a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0079] In one embodiment, the driving member 720 is a first telescopic rod, and the first clamping unit 700 includes two driving members 720, two linkage rods 730, and two clamping members 710. One driving member 720, one linkage rod 730, and one clamping member 710 form a clamping group. The two clamping groups are arranged opposite to each other in a second direction.

[0080] In one example, two drive components 720 are provided, and a connecting plate 740 is provided between the drive component 720 and the linkage rod 730. The connecting plate 740 is fixedly connected to the drive component 720 and the linkage rod 730. The drive component 720 is fixed on the machine base 100, and the power of the drive component 720 is transmitted to the clamping component 710 through the connecting plate 740 and the linkage rod 730.

[0081] In another embodiment, the drive element 720 can be a combination of a motor and a lead screw. Two linkage rods 730 are directly or indirectly sleeved on the lead screw, and the rotation of the lead screw drives the two linkage rods 730 to move away from or towards each other synchronously.

[0082] See Figure 10 , Figure 10This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the second clamping unit 800 on the machine tool 100 according to an embodiment of this application. The fixture also includes the second clamping unit 800, which includes two abutting members 810. The two abutting members 810 are movable relative to each other in a third direction to clamp the gear 10 on the outside of the gear 10 in the third direction. The abutting members 810 move in the third direction to abut the outside of the gear 10 and clamp it on the outside of the gear 10. The relative movement of the two abutting members 810 in the third direction can release the clamping of the gear 10. The relative sliding of the two abutting members 810 in the third direction can accommodate the clamping of gears 10 with different outer diameters.

[0083] In one embodiment, the clamping of the second clamping unit 800 on the outside of the gear 10 can cooperate with the first clamping unit 700 to form an inner and outer clamping of the gear 10, maintaining the reliability and stability of the position of the gear 10.

[0084] In some embodiments, the second clamping unit 800 can also be used alone, clamping the outer periphery of the gear 10.

[0085] In this embodiment, two protruding support plates 210 are formed on the operating surface 101 of the machine tool 100; the two support plates 210 are spaced apart along a third direction; the second clamping unit 800 also includes a second telescopic rod 820; the second telescopic rod 820 is capable of telescopic extension and retraction along a third direction, one end of the second telescopic rod 820 is connected to the support plate 210, and the other end is fixedly connected to the abutment member 810. The extension and retraction of the second telescopic rod 820 controls the movement of the abutment member 810, thereby controlling the clamping and loosening of the abutment member 810 on the outer periphery of the gear 10.

[0086] For example, the second telescopic rod 820 is a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. In another example, the second telescopic rod 820 can be a lead screw, with the abutment 810 directly or indirectly sleeved on the lead screw and able to rotate with it.

[0087] In some embodiments, the two support plates 210 are respectively provided with sliding grooves 211 on their opposing surfaces. The sliding grooves 211 extend along a first direction. One end of the second telescopic rod 820 facing away from the abutment member 810 is limited within the sliding groove 211 and can slide in the extending direction of the sliding groove 211. By sliding within the sliding groove 211, the position of the second clamping unit 800 in the first direction can be adjusted, thereby enabling it to be clamped at different positions on the outer periphery of the gear 10 along the first direction to accommodate the clamping of gears 10 with different thicknesses along the first direction.

[0088] In one embodiment, a slider 830 is fixed to one end of the second telescopic rod 820 facing away from the abutment member 810; the slider 830 is confined within the slide groove 211 and can slide along the extending direction of the slide groove 211; the friction between the slider 830 and the slide groove 211 can confine the slider 830 to different positions within the slide groove 211. An interference fit is made between the slider 830 and the slide groove 211 to ensure the magnitude of the friction force on the slider 830 within the slide groove 211.

[0089] See Figures 1 to 10 The machine tool 100 has an annular indexing disk 230 on its operating surface 101, which surrounds the center of the support disk 200. The indexing disk 230 has multiple scales, which are evenly distributed around the rotation axis 621 of the support disk 200. The sensor 400 is used to detect the angle of rotation of the gear 10 on the support disk 200 relative to the indexing disk 230.

[0090] On the operating surface 101 of the machine tool 100, a ring-shaped indexing disk 230 is mounted or directly engraved around the through hole 102. Fine graduation lines are uniformly engraved on the indexing disk 230 along the circumference, for example, 360 graduation lines represent 1 degree, or more graduations to achieve a more precise reference.

[0091] The indexing dial 230 provides an intuitive mechanical angle reference. During automatic control system initialization, accuracy verification, or manual debugging, operators can quickly understand the approximate angle of the current indexing by visually comparing the indexing dial 230 with the reference pointer, increasing the operability and reliability verification means of the system.

[0092] In one embodiment, sensor 400 is a vision sensor 400. In order to know the actual rotation angle of the carrier disk 200 in real time and accurately, this application provides an angle sensor 400, which can be a photoelectric or vision sensor 400 that directly reads the scale on the graduation disk 230.

[0093] In another embodiment, a separate circular grating encoder or a high-precision rotary transformer can be used, with its reading head mounted on a fixed part (such as the machine base 100), and the code disk or rotor mounted on a rotating part (such as the indexing disk 500 or the turbine 620 shaft) to obtain the angle of rotation of the gear 10 on the carrier disk 200.

[0094] See Figure 1 and Figure 11 , Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the control component 900 shown in an embodiment of this application. The control component 900 is also fixedly installed on the machine base 100. The control component 900 includes an electrical control box 901, a controller 902, and an information acquisition module 903. The electrical control box 901 is installed on the machine base 100, and the controller 902 and the information acquisition module 903 are respectively fixed inside the electrical control box 901. The information acquisition module 903 is electrically connected to the sensor 400. The drive component 720 of the drive unit 300, the first telescopic rod of the first clamping unit 700, and the second telescopic rod 820 of the second clamping unit 800 are respectively electrically connected to the controller 902.

[0095] See again Figure 1 In this application, a shock-absorbing component 220 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the machine 100. The shock-absorbing component 220 includes a shock-absorbing pad 221, which is fixed at the bottom of the machine 100 to play the role of shock absorption and buffering.

[0096] A metal pressure plate 222 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shock-absorbing pad 221. Fasteners pass through the shock-absorbing pad 221 and the metal pressure plate 222 to fix the shock-absorbing pad 221 and the metal pressure plate 222 to the bottom of the machine base 100.

[0097] For example, the damping pad 221 is a structure made of polyurethane. Polyurethane material has good elasticity and damping properties. A metal pressure plate 222 is pressed under the damping pad 221 to evenly distribute pressure and protect the damping pad 221.

[0098] In this application, a closed-loop indexing control system is formed through the cooperation of sensor 400 and drive unit 300, driving the carrier plate 200 to achieve precise indexing. The first clamping unit 700 stably clamps the inner circumference of gear 10. While clamping the inner circumference of gear 10, the first clamping unit 700 provides reliable clamping force while ensuring the exposure of the outer tooth profile of gear 10, providing an interference-free and highly accessible operating space for tool machining. A second clamping unit 800 clamps the outer circumference of gear 10, ensuring the stability and reliability of gear 10's position during machining.

[0099] See Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a flowchart illustrating the method of using the fixture according to an embodiment of this application. Based on the above structure, this application also provides a method of using the fixture, as detailed below.

[0100] S110: Place the gear 10 to be processed on the placement surface 201 of the support plate 200, and make the two clamping members 710 pass through the inner hole of the gear 10. The clamping members 710 pass through the corresponding clearance holes 202 on the support plate 200 and enter the inner hole of the gear 10 from below.

[0101] S120: The two clamping members 710 move relative to each other in the second direction and abut against the inner circumference of the gear 10 to position the gear 10 so that the axis of the gear 10 coincides with the axis of the bearing disk 200.

[0102] For example, controller 902 signals drive member 720 (first telescopic rod) of first clamping unit 700. The piston rod of drive member 720 begins to extend or retract (depending on the specific installation orientation).

[0103] The movement of the drive component 720 is transmitted to the linkage rod 730 via the connecting plate 740. The linkage rod 730 is strictly constrained within the guide groove 105 inside the machine tool 100, thus it can only make precise linear movements in the second direction (i.e., the horizontal radial direction, perpendicular to the axis of the gear 10). The movement of the linkage rod 730 drives the clamping component 710 fixed thereon to move. The two clamping components 710 move towards each other in the second direction until they abut against the inner wall of the gear 10, generating sufficient clamping force. At this time, the precise guiding effect of the guide groove 105 on the linkage rod 730 ensures that the clamping force is strictly applied radially, so that the two symmetrical radial forces automatically "push" the geometric center of the gear 10 towards the rotation center of the bearing plate 200, achieving high-precision automatic centering.

[0104] S130: Selectively clamp the abutment 810 of the second clamping unit 800 on the outer periphery of the gear 10.

[0105] For example, the mounting height of the second clamping unit 800 is adjusted manually or automatically according to the thickness (first direction dimension) of the gear 10 to be processed. Loosen the temporary lock (such as screw) between the slider 830 and the slide groove 211, and slide the second telescopic rod 820 and its connected abutment 810 along the first direction (vertical direction) so that the height of the abutment 810 is aligned with the middle position or the optimal clamping position of the gear 10.

[0106] The controller 902 controls the movement of the two second telescopic rods 820, driving the two abutting members 810 to move towards each other in a third direction (another horizontal radial direction, perpendicular to the second direction) until they firmly abut against the outer circumference of the gear 10. At this time, the gear 10 is subjected to clamping forces from the inner hole (second direction) and the outer circle (third direction), which are perpendicular to each other, forming a double clamping. This clamping state can greatly improve the overall rigidity of the workpiece during the machining process and effectively suppress vibration and deformation caused by cutting forces.

[0107] S140: Based on the machining parameters of the gear 10 to be machined, control the rotation angle of the gear 10 during the machining process of the gear 10.

[0108] For example, the controller 902 calculates the number of pulses required for the drive unit 300 (servo motor) to operate based on the target angle, and then starts the drive unit 300.

[0109] The output shaft of the drive unit 300 drives the worm gear 610 to rotate via the coupling 611. The worm gear 610 meshes with the turbine 620, transmitting motion to the turbine 620 and its rotating shaft 621. The rotating shaft 621 of the turbine 620 drives the indexing disk 500 to rotate via the flange 520. The outer circumference of the indexing disk 500 is engaged in the annular groove 104 of the through hole 102 of the machine base 100. The limiting position of the indexing disk 500 in the groove allows rotation while restricting the radial and axial movement of the indexing disk 500, ensuring the stability of the rotation process.

[0110] The indexing disk 500 transmits rotational motion to the carrier disk 200 via the rotating rod 510. The rotating rod 510 is pre-tensioned during installation, so that the lower surface of the carrier disk 200 is always pressed tightly against the protruding rib 103 in the through hole 102, while the upper edge of the indexing disk 500 abuts against the inner wall of the through hole 102, eliminating the axial clearance of the entire rotating chain.

[0111] While the carrier plate 200 rotates, the sensor 400 monitors its rotation angle changes in real time and continuously feeds the data back to the controller 902.

[0112] The controller 902 compares the actual angle value fed back by the sensor 400 with the target angle value in real time. Once a deviation is detected, the controller 902 immediately adjusts the speed or direction of the drive unit 300 to correct the deviation.

[0113] When the actual angle enters the allowable error zone of the target angle (e.g., ±1 arcsecond), the controller 902 determines that the rotation is in place and controls the drive unit 300 to stop.

[0114] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A fixture for gear machining, characterized in that, include: Machine (100); A support plate (200) is rotatably mounted on the machine base (100) about an axis in a first direction; the support plate (200) is provided with a placement surface (201) for placing a gear (10). A sensor (400) is used to detect the rotation angle of the carrier disk (200); A drive unit (300) is connected to the carrier disk (200) for driving the carrier disk (200) to rotate; the drive unit (300) and the sensor (400) are electrically connected; A first clamping unit (700) is used to clamp the inner circumference of the gear (10); the first clamping unit (700) includes two clamping members (710); the two clamping members (710) are movable relative to each other in a second direction to clamp and release the gear (10); the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

2. The clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support plate (200) is provided with a clearance hole (202); the first clamping unit (700) also includes a driving member (720) and a linkage rod (730); the linkage rod (730) is connected between the clamping member (710) and the driving member (720) to drive the clamping member (710) to move; the linkage rod (730) is located on the side of the support plate (200) facing the inside of the machine tool (100); one end of the clamping member (710) along the first direction is fixed on the linkage rod (730), and the clamping member (710) passes through the clearance hole (202) along the first direction.

3. The clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, The machine base (100) has a guide groove (105) extending in the second direction; the linkage rod (730) passes through the guide groove (105) and can slide along the guide groove (105).

4. The clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machine base (100) has a through hole (102) extending through its own wall thickness along a first direction; the inner peripheral wall of the through hole (102) has a raised rib (103); the outer periphery of the bearing plate (200) is circular, and the peripheral side of the bearing plate (200) abuts against the inner side wall of the through hole (102); one side of the bearing plate (200) along the first direction abuts against the raised rib (103).

5. The clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a rotary table (500), which is rotatably disposed in the through hole (102) and is drively connected to the drive unit (300); the outer periphery of the rotary table (500) abuts against the inner sidewall of the through hole (102); the rotary table (500) is fixedly connected to the carrier plate (200), and the rotary table (500) and the carrier plate (200) have a preset distance in a first direction.

6. The clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that, The indexing disk (500) is located on the side of the bearing disk (200) facing the inside of the machine tool (100). A rotating rod (510) is provided between the indexing disk (500) and the bearing disk (200) to drive the bearing disk (200) to rotate with the indexing disk (500).

7. The clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that, An annular groove (104) is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the through hole (102); the outer periphery of the indexing disk (500) is engaged in the annular groove (104), restricting the movement of the indexing disk (500) in its radial and axial directions.

8. The clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular indexing disk (230) is provided on the operating surface (101) of the machine tool (100), and the indexing disk (230) is arranged around the center of the support disk (200); multiple scales are opened on the indexing disk (230); the multiple scales are evenly distributed around the rotation axis (621) of the support disk (200); the sensor (400) is used to detect the angle of rotation of the gear (10) on the support disk (200) relative to the indexing disk (230).

9. The clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second clamping unit (800), which includes two abutments (810); the two abutments (810) are movable relative to each other in a third direction to clamp the gear (10) on the outside of the gear in the third direction; the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

10. The clamp according to claim 9, characterized in that, Two protruding support plates (210) are formed on the operating surface (101) of the machine tool (100); the two support plates (210) are spaced apart along a third direction; the second clamping unit (800) also includes a second telescopic rod (820); the second telescopic rod (820) can extend and retract along a third direction, one end of the second telescopic rod (820) is connected to the support plate (210), and the other end is fixedly connected to the abutment member (810).

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