Automobile rear cover outer plate, forming process of upper laser welding face of automobile rear cover outer plate and automobile

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and discloses an automobile rear cover outer plate, a forming process of an upper laser welding face of the automobile rear cover outer plate and a vehicle, and the forming process comprises the following steps: a drawing process for forming a rear cover outer plate upper part comprising a laser welding face area; a trimming process: trimming the edge of the laser welding surface area; a flanging process, wherein the trimmed laser welding surface area is subjected to flanging; wherein the flatness and resilience of the laser welding surface are controlled by cooperatively controlling the process parameters of the drawing process, the trimming process and the flanging process, so that the tolerance of the laser welding surface meets the preset requirement. According to the forming process, the drawing modeling parameters, the trimming form, the flanging form and the curing design process can be defined in the process design stage according to the forming principle of the laser welding face on the upper portion of the rear cover outer plate, the die development period is shortened, and in the later workpiece debugging and rectifying process, the rectifying workload for improving the workpiece size and the surface quality is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more particularly to a forming process for the upper laser-welded surface of an automobile rear cover outer panel, an automobile rear cover outer panel, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of living standards, people's requirements for the quality and performance of automobiles are increasing. The application of laser welding technology in automobile manufacturing can effectively improve the precision and quality of welding, playing an important role in improving the quality of automobiles. Laser welding, with its advantages of high energy density, small deformation, narrow heat-affected zone, high welding speed, easy automation, and no need for subsequent processing, has become one of the important methods in industrial manufacturing.

[0003] Laser welding encompasses various methods, including laser fiber welding and laser self-fusion welding. Regardless of the method used, strict requirements are placed on the flatness and dimensional tolerances of the welded surface. Laser welding technology is widely used in the manufacturing of vehicle body panels, including the welding of the upper and lower parts of the rear cover outer panel. This necessitates extremely high requirements for the flatness and dimensional tolerances of the laser-welded surface on the upper part of the rear cover outer panel. Current processes often employ filling wedge flanging and shaping; however, it is difficult to guarantee the flatness and tolerances of the laser-welded surface. Even with post-processing control of the flanging gap and related compensation, it is still impossible to fully meet quality requirements, thus reducing the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the first objective of this invention is to propose a forming process for the upper laser-welded surface of an automotive rear cover outer panel, which can solve the problems of flatness and springback of the upper laser-welded surface. Through the forming principle of the upper laser-welded surface of the rear cover outer panel, the drawing and shaping parameters, trimming and flanging methods are clearly defined in the process design stage, the design process is solidified, the mold development cycle is shortened, and the reliance on highly skilled fitter operations is reduced during the later part debugging and rectification process, thus reducing the workload of rectification work to improve part size and surface quality.

[0005] The second objective of this invention is to provide an outer panel for a car rear cover.

[0006] The third objective of this invention is to provide a vehicle.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a forming process for the upper laser-welded surface of an automotive rear cover outer panel, comprising: a drawing process for forming an upper part of the rear cover outer panel including a laser-welded surface area; an edge trimming process for trimming the edges of the laser-welded surface area; and a flanging process for flanging the trimmed laser-welded surface area. The process parameters of the drawing, trimming, and flanging processes are controlled collaboratively to control the flatness and springback of the laser-welded surface, ensuring that the tolerances of the laser-welded surface meet preset requirements.

[0008] In addition, the forming process of the upper laser-welded surface of the automobile rear cover outer panel according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the drawing process, the width of the extended surface of the laser welding surface area is controlled to be 1 mm.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the drawing process, the over-drawing radius of the laser welding surface area is controlled based on the thickness parameter of the upper part of the back cover outer plate; wherein, the draft angle of the side wall corresponding to the laser welding surface area is set to 3°.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a two-tiered platform is designed in the process supplement section of the drawing process, the platform height of the two-tiered platform being greater than or equal to 17mm; the concave fillet of the process supplement section is determined based on the thickness parameters of the upper part of the back cover outer plate, and the convex fillet of the process supplement section is greater than or equal to 8mm.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the trimming process includes: a pre-trimming process for performing preliminary trimming on the laser welding surface area; and a fine trimming process for performing final contour trimming on the laser welding surface area after the pre-trimming process.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the flanging process adopts a straight flanging method with pressure control.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, during the flanging process, a springback compensation angle of 1° to 2° is applied to the laser-welded surface area.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the tolerance of the laser-welded surface is ±0.2 mm.

[0015] The forming process of the upper laser-welded surface of the outer panel of a car rear cover according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a drawing process for forming the upper part of the outer panel of the rear cover containing the laser-welded surface area; an edge trimming process for trimming the edges of the laser-welded surface area; and a flanging process for flanging the trimmed laser-welded surface area. The process parameters of the drawing, trimming, and flanging processes are controlled collaboratively to control the flatness and springback of the laser-welded surface, ensuring that the tolerance of the laser-welded surface meets preset requirements. Therefore, this process can solve the flatness and springback problems of the upper laser-welded surface of the outer panel of the rear cover. By defining the forming principle of the upper laser-welded surface of the outer panel of the rear cover during the process design stage, the drawing parameters, trimming method, and flanging method are clearly defined, the design process is solidified, the mold development cycle is shortened, and the reliance on highly skilled fitter operations is reduced during the later part debugging and rectification process, thus reducing the workload of rectification work to improve part size and surface quality.

[0016] The second objective of this invention is to propose an automotive rear cover outer panel that can solve the problems of flatness and springback of the upper laser-welded surface of the rear cover outer panel. By utilizing the forming principle of the upper laser-welded surface of the rear cover outer panel, the drawing and shaping parameters, trimming and flanging methods are clearly defined in the process design stage, the design process is solidified, the mold development cycle is shortened, and the reliance on highly skilled fitter operations is reduced in the later part debugging and rectification process, thereby reducing the amount of rectification work required to improve the part size and surface quality.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention provides an outer panel for a car rear cover, wherein the upper part of the outer panel is manufactured by the above-mentioned forming process of the upper laser welding surface of the outer panel for a car rear cover, and the tolerance of the laser welding surface of the outer panel for a car rear cover is ±0.2mm.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper part of the automobile rear cover outer panel is manufactured by the above-mentioned forming process of the upper laser welding surface of the automobile rear cover outer panel, and the tolerance of the laser welding surface of the automobile rear cover outer panel is ±0.2mm. Therefore, this automobile rear cover outer panel can solve the problems of flatness and springback of the upper laser welding surface of the rear cover outer panel. Through the forming principle of the upper laser welding surface of the rear cover outer panel, the drawing and shaping parameters, trimming and flanging methods are clearly defined in the process design stage, the design process is solidified, the mold development cycle is shortened, and the reliance on highly skilled fitter operations is reduced during the later part debugging and rectification process, thus reducing the workload of rectification work to improve part size and surface quality.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle comprising the aforementioned automobile rear cover outer panel.

[0020] According to the vehicle of the present invention, the above-mentioned automobile rear cover outer panel can solve the problems of flatness and springback of the upper laser welding surface of the rear cover outer panel. By using the forming principle of the upper laser welding surface of the rear cover outer panel, the drawing and shaping parameters, trimming and flanging methods are clearly defined in the process design stage, the design process is solidified, the mold development cycle is shortened, and the reliance on the high-skill operation of fitters is reduced in the later part debugging and rectification process, and the amount of rectification work to improve the size and surface quality of the parts is reduced.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the forming process of the upper laser-welded surface of the outer panel of a car rear cover according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser-welded surface of an automobile rear cover outer panel according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the extended surface width of the laser welding surface region according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the draft angle of the sidewall corresponding to the laser welding surface area according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of pre-trimming according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the trimmed edge according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a material control system with a lower pressure component according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the area between the flanged inlay surface and the product according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a block diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0024] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the embodiments of this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word covers the element or object listed after the word and its equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0025] As the background technology section states, with the improvement of living standards, people's requirements for the quality and performance (including safety and comfort) of automobiles are increasing. The application of laser welding technology in automobile manufacturing can effectively improve the precision and quality of welding, playing an important role in promoting the improvement of automobile quality. Laser welding, with its advantages of high energy density, small deformation, narrow heat-affected zone, high welding speed, easy automation, and no need for subsequent processing, has become one of the important methods in industrial manufacturing.

[0026] Laser welding encompasses various methods, including laser fiber welding and laser self-fusion welding. Regardless of the method used, strict requirements are placed on the flatness and dimensional tolerances of the welded surface. Laser welding technology is widely used in the manufacturing of vehicle body panels, including the welding of the upper and lower parts of the rear cover outer panel. This necessitates extremely high requirements for the flatness and dimensional tolerances of the laser-welded surface on the upper part of the rear cover outer panel. Current processes often employ filling wedge flanging and shaping; however, it is difficult to guarantee the flatness and tolerances of the laser-welded surface. Even with post-processing control of the flanging gap and related compensation, it is still impossible to fully meet quality requirements, thus reducing the user experience.

[0027] This invention focuses on researching and tackling the flatness and tolerance control of the laser-welded surface on the upper part of the rear cover outer panel. It uses a method that combines simulation analysis with summarizing on-site component manufacturing problems to advance the research, aiming to summarize and accumulate the process characteristics of the laser-welded surface on the upper part of the rear cover outer panel and promote its application.

[0028] Therefore, this invention can solve the problems of flatness and springback of the upper laser-welded surface of the rear cover outer plate. By using the forming principle of the upper laser-welded surface of the rear cover outer plate, the drawing and shaping parameters, trimming and flanging methods are clearly defined in the process design stage, the design process is solidified, the mold development cycle is shortened, and the reliance on high-skilled operation of fitters is reduced in the later part debugging and rectification process, and the amount of rectification work to improve the size and surface quality of the parts is reduced.

[0029] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates the forming process of the upper laser-welded surface of the automobile rear cover outer panel, the automobile rear cover outer panel, and the vehicle.

[0030] refer to Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the forming process of the upper laser welding surface of the outer panel of a car rear cover according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the forming process of the upper laser-welded surface of the automobile rear cover outer panel of the present invention includes a drawing process, a trimming process, and a flanging process.

[0032] S101, the drawing process enables precise forming of the upper part of the back cover outer panel, including the laser-welded area. As the initial forming stage, the drawing process plays a crucial role. This process, through specific molds and pressure control, gradually deforms the metal sheet under pressure to form a preliminary shape that meets design requirements. The forming accuracy of the laser-welded area directly affects the subsequent welding quality and the overall performance of the part.

[0033] S102, the trimming process involves edge trimming of the laser-welded surface area. After the drawing process, the edges of the part may have burrs, excess material, or dimensional deviations. The trimming process uses specialized trimming dies or tools to precisely remove these excess parts, ensuring that the edges of the laser-welded surface area are neat, smooth, and dimensionally accurate to design requirements. This step is crucial for ensuring the quality and stability of the weld during laser welding, as any unevenness at the edges can lead to welding defects such as porosity and cracks, thereby affecting the overall strength and sealing of the part.

[0034] S103, the flanging process is a further processing step on the laser-welded surface area after trimming. The flanging operation uses a specific mold to bend or fold the edge of the part according to design requirements, forming the desired shape and structure. This process not only enhances the strength and rigidity of the part's edge but also facilitates subsequent assembly processes. For example, the flanged edge can better fit with other parts, improving assembly accuracy and efficiency.

[0035] The three processes of drawing, trimming, and flanging are closely interconnected, and changes in parameters at any one of these processes can have a cascading effect on the flatness and springback of the laser-welded surface. For example, parameters such as pressure, speed, and die temperature in the drawing process directly affect the initial forming state of the part, thus influencing the difficulty and effectiveness of subsequent trimming and flanging processes. Similarly, parameters such as tool wear and trimming amount in the trimming process, and flanging height and angle in the flanging process, also affect the final quality of the laser-welded surface. Therefore, by coordinating and controlling the process parameters of the drawing, trimming, and flanging processes, the flatness and springback of the laser-welded surface can be controlled, ensuring that the tolerances of the laser-welded surface meet the preset requirements.

[0036] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser-welded surface of an automobile rear cover outer panel according to some embodiments of the present invention. The present invention, through the forming principle of the upper laser-welded surface of the automobile rear cover outer panel, derives a process method for controlling the flatness and springback of the laser-welded surface. It can break the traditional inclined wedge flanging method of laser-welded surface and adopt a straight flanging method, which simplifies the mold structure, reduces the mold cost, saves the mold debugging time, improves the part size qualification rate, and shortens the mold cycle.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the drawing process, the width of the extended surface of the laser welding surface area is controlled to be 1 mm.

[0038] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The diagram shows a partially enlarged view of the extended surface width of the laser welding surface area according to some embodiments of the present invention. In the drawing process, the extended surface width of the laser welding surface area of ​​the product needs to be controlled to 1mm. The drawing R1 is designed according to R1=(5+T)mm, where T represents the product material thickness.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the drawing process, the over-drawing radius of the laser welding surface area is controlled based on the thickness parameters of the upper part of the back cover outer plate; wherein, the draft angle of the side wall corresponding to the laser welding surface area is set to 3°.

[0040] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 The diagram shows a partially enlarged view of the draft angle of the side wall corresponding to the laser welding surface area according to some embodiments of the present invention. In the drawing process, in order to reduce excess material when the laser welding surface area is wedge-flanged, the over-drawing radius of the laser welding surface area is controlled based on the thickness parameter of the upper part of the back cover outer plate, and the draft angle of the side wall corresponding to the laser welding surface area is set to 3°.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, a double-layer platform is designed in the process supplement part of the drawing process, the platform height of the double-layer platform is greater than or equal to 17mm; the concave fillet of the process supplement part is determined based on the thickness parameter of the upper part of the back cover outer plate, and the convex fillet of the process supplement part is greater than or equal to 8mm.

[0042] Specifically, continue to refer to Figure 4 The process supplement section of the drawing process is designed with a two-tier platform, the height of which is greater than or equal to 17mm. The concave fillet R2 of the process supplement section is determined based on the thickness parameters of the upper part of the back cover outer plate. For example, the concave fillet R2 of the process supplement section is greater than or equal to 20 × the thickness parameters of the upper part of the back cover outer plate, and the convex fillet R3 of the process supplement section is greater than or equal to 8mm.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the trimming process includes: a pre-trimming process for performing preliminary trimming on the laser welding surface area; and a fine trimming process for performing final contour trimming on the laser welding surface area after the pre-trimming process.

[0044] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a pre-trimming process according to some embodiments of the present invention. The laser welding surface area requires a pre-trimming process. This process performs preliminary trimming on the laser welding surface area, and the pre-trimming must not create any process gaps that disrupt the product outline of the laser welding surface. (Reference) Figure 6 The diagram below is a schematic diagram of the edge trimming process according to some embodiments of the present invention. After the pre-trimming process, the edge trimming process can perform final contour trimming on the laser welding surface area.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the flanging process adopts a straight flanging method with under-pressing control.

[0046] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, during the flanging process, a springback compensation angle of 1° to 2° is applied to the laser-welded surface area.

[0047] Specifically, refer to Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a blanking control method according to some embodiments of the present invention. The laser welding surface area needs to be planned with a straight flanging method with blanking control. During flanging and other forming operations on the sheet metal, due to the elastic deformation of the material, the part will spring back to a certain extent after the external force is removed, meaning it cannot completely maintain the shape and angle after forming. To ensure that the flanged part ultimately achieves the design requirements for shape and angle, the influence of springback needs to be considered in advance during the forming process, and corresponding compensation measures need to be taken. Therefore, referring to... Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the area between the flanged insert surface and the product according to some embodiments of the present invention. A springback compensation angle of 1° to 2° is applied to the laser-welded surface area (the area between the flanged insert surface and the product). Straight flange is a relatively basic flange form, referring to the folding of the sheet metal edge along a direction substantially perpendicular to the sheet surface to form an upright edge. Compared with some complex curved flanges or oblique flanges, straight flange is relatively simple to implement in terms of process, but can meet many basic structural requirements. In the straight flange process, the pressure-down device plays a crucial role. It is usually located in the mold, and when the sheet metal is flanged, the pressure-down device applies a downward pressure to the non-flanged portion of the sheet metal. This pressure has two main functions: first, to prevent the sheet metal from moving or shifting during the flange process, ensuring the positional accuracy of the flange; second, to control the degree of deformation of the sheet metal during the flange process, making the flanged edge flatter and smoother, and improving the quality of the part.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, the tolerance of the laser-welded surface is ±0.2 mm.

[0049] Specifically, the tolerance of the laser welding surface is ±0.2mm. A suitable tolerance range helps to ensure the quality of laser welding. If the dimensional deviation of the welding surface is too large, it may lead to defects such as uneven welding, porosity, and cracks during the welding process, reducing the strength and corrosion resistance of the welded joint. Therefore, it is essential to ensure welding quality, guarantee assembly accuracy, and improve the appearance quality of the product.

[0050] In summary, the forming process of the upper laser-welded surface of the automotive rear cover outer panel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a drawing process for forming the upper part of the rear cover outer panel containing the laser-welded surface area; an edge trimming process for trimming the edges of the laser-welded surface area; and a flanging process for flanging the trimmed laser-welded surface area. The flatness and springback of the laser-welded surface are controlled by coordinating the process parameters of the drawing, trimming, and flanging processes, ensuring that the tolerances of the laser-welded surface meet preset requirements. Therefore, this process can solve the flatness and springback problems of the upper laser-welded surface of the rear cover outer panel. By defining the forming principle of the upper laser-welded surface of the rear cover outer panel during the process design stage, the drawing parameters, trimming method, and flanging method are clearly defined, the design process is solidified, the mold development cycle is shortened, and the reliance on highly skilled fitter operations is reduced during the later part debugging and rectification process, thus reducing the workload of improving part size and surface quality.

[0051] It should be noted that the above description describes some embodiments of the present invention. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps described in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0052] Corresponding to the above embodiments, the present invention also proposes an outer panel for a car rear cover.

[0053] The upper part of the rear cover outer panel in this embodiment of the invention is manufactured by the above-mentioned forming process of the upper laser welding surface of the automotive rear cover outer panel, and the tolerance of the laser welding surface of the automotive rear cover outer panel is ±0.2mm.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper part of the automobile rear cover outer panel is manufactured by the above-mentioned forming process of the upper laser welding surface of the automobile rear cover outer panel, and the tolerance of the laser welding surface of the automobile rear cover outer panel is ±0.2mm. Therefore, this automobile rear cover outer panel can solve the problems of flatness and springback of the upper laser welding surface of the rear cover outer panel. Through the forming principle of the upper laser welding surface of the rear cover outer panel, the drawing and shaping parameters, trimming and flanging methods are clearly defined in the process design stage, the design process is solidified, the mold development cycle is shortened, and the reliance on highly skilled fitter operations is reduced during the later part debugging and rectification process, thus reducing the workload of rectification work to improve part size and surface quality.

[0055] Corresponding to the above embodiments, the present invention also proposes a vehicle.

[0056] like Figure 9 As shown, the vehicle 900 of this embodiment of the invention includes the aforementioned automobile rear cover outer panel.

[0057] According to the vehicle of the present invention, the above-mentioned automobile rear cover outer panel can solve the problems of flatness and springback of the upper laser welding surface of the rear cover outer panel. By using the forming principle of the upper laser welding surface of the rear cover outer panel, the drawing and shaping parameters, trimming and flanging methods are clearly defined in the process design stage, the design process is solidified, the mold development cycle is shortened, and the reliance on the high-skill operation of fitters is reduced in the later part debugging and rectification process, and the amount of rectification work to improve the size and surface quality of the parts is reduced.

[0058] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the embodiments of this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word covers the element or object listed after the word and its equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0059] While the spirit and principles of the invention have been described with reference to several specific embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed specific embodiments, and the division of aspects does not imply that features in these aspects cannot be combined for benefit; such division is merely for ease of description. The invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. The scope of the appended claims is to be interpreted in the broadest sense, thereby encompassing all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.

Claims

1. A forming process for the upper laser-welded surface of an automobile rear cover outer panel, characterized in that, include: The drawing process is used to form the upper part of the back cover outer plate, which includes the laser-welded surface area; The edge trimming process involves trimming the edges of the laser-welded surface area. The flanging process involves flanging the laser-welded surface area after trimming. Specifically, by coordinating and controlling the process parameters of the drawing, trimming, and flanging processes, the flatness and springback of the laser-welded surface are controlled, so that the tolerance of the laser-welded surface meets the preset requirements.

2. The forming process for the upper laser-welded surface of the outer panel of the automobile rear cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the drawing process, the width of the extended surface of the laser welding surface area is controlled to be 1 mm.

3. The forming process for the upper laser-welded surface of the outer panel of the automobile rear cover according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the drawing process, the over-drawing radius of the laser welding surface area is controlled based on the thickness parameters of the upper part of the back cover outer plate; wherein, the draft angle of the side wall corresponding to the laser welding surface area is set to 3°.

4. The forming process for the upper laser-welded surface of the outer panel of the automobile rear cover according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process supplement section of the drawing process is designed with a two-tiered platform, the height of which is greater than or equal to 17mm; the concave fillet of the process supplement section is determined based on the thickness parameters of the upper part of the back cover outer plate, and the convex fillet of the process supplement section is greater than or equal to 8mm.

5. The forming process for the upper laser-welded surface of the outer panel of the automobile rear cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trimming process includes: The pre-trimming process is used to perform preliminary trimming on the laser-welded surface area; The finishing process involves final contour trimming of the laser-welded surface area after the pre-finishing process.

6. The forming process for the upper laser-welded surface of the outer panel of a car rear cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flanging process adopts a straight flanging method with pressure control.

7. The forming process for the upper laser-welded surface of the outer panel of a car rear cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the flanging process, a springback compensation angle of 1° to 2° is applied to the laser-welded surface area.

8. The forming process for the upper laser-welded surface of the outer panel of a car rear cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tolerance of the laser-welded surface is ±0.2mm.

9. An outer panel for a car rear cover, characterized in that, The upper part of the rear cover outer panel is manufactured by the forming process of the upper laser welding surface of the automobile rear cover outer panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the tolerance of the laser welding surface of the automobile rear cover outer panel is ±0.2mm.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the vehicle rear cover outer panel as described in claim 9.

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