Method for improving performance of wear-resistant casting of engineering machinery

Abstract

The invention provides a method for improving the performance of a wear-resistant casting of engineering machinery, which comprises the following steps: S1, raw material preparation: according to the material requirement of the casting, selecting metal furnace charge with the purity reaching the standard, including alloy raw materials such as scrap steel, pig iron, ferrochromium and ferromanganese; meanwhile, molding material quartz sand is prepared; s2, casting mold manufacturing, wherein quartz sand is used for manufacturing a needed casting model; and S3, a smelting and pouring stage, wherein metal furnace charge is put into a heating device. According to the method for improving the performance of the wear-resistant casting of the engineering machinery, the molten steel in the heating device is deoxidized through the composite deoxidizing agent, the composite deoxidizing agent reacts with different deoxidizing elements in the molten steel, and therefore the molten steel is deoxidized better, the performance of the casting is improved, and the wear resistance is improved; and dissolved impurities can be diffused into bubbles to be taken away and carried to a slag layer, so that the purity of the molten steel is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of casting production, and more particularly to a method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Castings are metal shaped objects obtained by various casting methods. They are objects with a certain shape, size and properties obtained by pouring, injecting, sucking or other casting methods into a pre-prepared mold after smelting liquid metal, cooling and then grinding.

[0003] Wear-resistant castings are core components used in industries such as engineering machinery, mining, and building materials to resist material wear and impact. Their performance directly determines the operating efficiency and service life of the equipment.

[0004] However, when deoxidizing molten steel inside an induction furnace, a single deoxidizer is used. Different deoxidizing elements in the molten steel have different affinities for oxygen, resulting in drastically different physical properties of the deoxidation products. This leads to impurities in the molten steel, affecting the performance of the castings.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method to improve the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery, solving the problem that the current use of a single deoxidizer makes it easy for impurities to appear in the molten steel, affecting the performance of the castings.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery, comprising the following steps: S1: Raw material preparation: Select metal furnace materials with acceptable purity according to the requirements of the casting material, including alloy raw materials such as scrap steel, pig iron, ferrochrome, and ferromanganese; at the same time, prepare the molding material quartz sand. S2: Mold making: The required casting model is made by using quartz sand; S3: Melting and casting stage: The metal charge is put into the heating device and heated to 1450-1550℃. After the charge is completely melted, a composite deoxidizer is added for pretreatment. Then, other composite deoxidizers are heated for deoxidation. An inoculant is added to refine the grains. Argon is blown into the molten steel through a permeable brick and an argon blowing gun. The argon gas boils and stirs the molten steel for 5-15 minutes. Finally, a sample is taken to analyze the composition. If it is qualified, it is poured into the mold made in step S2. S4: Shaking and Cleaning Stage: After the casting has cooled to the specified temperature, the mold is broken manually or by a sand-shaking machine to remove the casting. For centrifugal casting, the casting needs to be cooled before the centrifuge is reversed or mechanically ejected to remove the casting from the metal mold.

[0008] Use shot blasting machines and sandblasting machines to remove residual sand particles and oxide scale from the surface of the castings. Use an oxygen torch or grinding wheel to cut off the gates, risers, and burrs of the castings. Grind the surface of the castings. S5: Heat treatment and inspection stage: Heat the casting to 1050-1100℃, hold for a period of time, and then quickly cool with water; S6: Quality Inspection: First, conduct visual inspection, then non-destructive testing, such as ultrasonic testing and hardness testing, and finally sample for mechanical property testing to ensure compliance with design standards. After passing the inspection, wear-resistant castings are rust-proofed and put into storage.

[0009] Preferably, the composite deoxidizer in step 3 is a silicon-manganese alloy, a silicon-calcium alloy, or a silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium alloy.

[0010] Preferably, a mounting bracket is fixedly connected to one side of the heating device, and a moving device is provided inside the mounting bracket. The moving device includes a moving slot, a rotating rod, a moving block, and a drive motor. The moving slot is opened inside the mounting bracket, the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the moving slot, the moving block is threaded to the surface of the rotating rod, and the drive motor is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting bracket.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of lifting components are fixedly installed on the top of the movable block, and a lifting frame is fixedly installed on the output end of the lifting components.

[0012] Preferably, a rotating motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting frame, a collection box is fixedly installed at the output end of the rotating motor, and multiple limiting frames are fixedly installed inside the collection box.

[0013] Preferably, the inside of the collection box is rotatably connected to a rotating sleeve, a fan is fixedly installed inside the rotating sleeve, and multiple air inlets are opened inside the rotating sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, a cleaning plate is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating sleeve, and a material guide groove is provided inside the collection box.

[0015] Preferably, a support frame is fixedly connected to the surface of the collection box, a limiting device is provided inside the support frame, and a storage box is fixedly installed on the top of the limiting device.

[0016] Preferably, the limiting device includes a limiting groove and a limiting block, the limiting groove being formed inside the support frame, and the limiting block being slidably connected inside the limiting groove.

[0017] Preferably, the limiting block is provided with a limiting element inside, which is used to limit the distance between the limiting block and the collection box.

[0018] Compared with related technologies, the method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery. By deoxidizing the molten steel inside the heating device with a composite deoxidizer, the composite deoxidizer reacts with different deoxidizing elements in the molten steel, thereby better deoxidizing the molten steel, increasing the performance of the casting and improving its wear resistance. At the same time, by blowing argon into the molten steel, dissolved impurities diffuse into the bubbles and are carried away to the slag layer, thereby further improving the purity of the molten steel. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first embodiment of a method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the mobile device. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the lifting component. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of a method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery provided by the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of part A is shown.

[0020] The diagram shows: 1. Heating device; 2. Mounting bracket; 3. Moving device; 31. Moving slot; 32. Rotating rod; 33. Moving block; 34. Drive motor; 4. Lifting component; 5. Lifting frame; 6. Rotating motor; 7. Collection box; 8. Limiting frame. 9. Rotating sleeve, 10. Fan, 11. Air inlet, 12. Cleaning plate, 13. Material guide trough, 14. Support frame, 15. Limiting device, 151. Limiting groove, 152. Limiting block, 16. Limiting component, 17. Storage box. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. First Embodiment

[0022] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 ,in, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first embodiment of a method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the mobile device. Figure 3 for Figure 2The diagram shows the structure of the lifting component. A method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings in engineering machinery includes the following steps: S1: Raw material preparation: Select metal furnace materials with acceptable purity according to the requirements of the casting material, including alloy raw materials such as scrap steel, pig iron, ferrochrome, and ferromanganese; at the same time, prepare the molding material quartz sand. S2: Mold making: The required casting model is made by using quartz sand; S3: Melting and casting stage: The metal charge is put into heating device 1 and heated to 1450-1550℃. After the charge is completely melted, a composite deoxidizer is added for pretreatment. Then, other composite deoxidizers are heated for deoxidation. An inoculant is added to refine the grains. Argon is blown into the molten steel through a permeable brick and an argon blowing gun. The argon gas boils and stirs the molten steel for 5-15 minutes. Finally, a sample is taken to analyze the composition. If it is qualified, it is poured into the mold made in step S2. S4: Shaking and Cleaning Stage: After the casting has cooled to the specified temperature, the mold is broken manually or by a sand-shaking machine to remove the casting. For centrifugal casting, the casting needs to be cooled before the centrifuge is reversed or mechanically ejected to remove the casting from the metal mold.

[0023] Use shot blasting machines and sandblasting machines to remove residual sand particles and oxide scale from the surface of the castings. Use an oxygen torch or grinding wheel to cut off the gates, risers, and burrs of the castings. Grind the surface of the castings. S5: Heat treatment and inspection stage: Heat the casting to 1050-1100℃, hold for a period of time, and then quickly cool with water; S6: Quality Inspection: First, conduct visual inspection, then non-destructive testing, such as ultrasonic testing and hardness testing, and finally sample for mechanical property testing to ensure compliance with design standards. After passing the inspection, wear-resistant castings are rust-proofed and put into storage.

[0024] During argon blowing, as the argon bubbles rise, dissolved hydrogen and nitrogen atoms diffuse into the bubbles and are carried away; at the same time, suspended inclusions adhere to the bubble surface and are carried to the slag layer.

[0025] At the same time, argon gas stirs the molten steel, promoting the fusion of the composite deoxidizer with the molten steel. The impurities generated after fusion are carried away by the air bubbles and carried to the slag layer, thereby further improving the purity of the molten steel.

[0026] The composite deoxidizer in step 3 is a silicon-manganese alloy, a silicon-calcium alloy, or a silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium alloy.

[0027] In step 3, the deoxidation pretreatment uses a silicon-manganese alloy. The deoxidation products of silicon and manganese, manganese oxide and silicon dioxide, can combine to form manganese silicate. Manganese silicate is liquid at steelmaking temperature, which easily polymerizes, grows, and floats to the slag, resulting in good removal effect.

[0028] In silicon-calcium alloys, calcium is an extremely strong deoxidizer, capable of deep deoxidation.

[0029] In the silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium alloy, aluminum provides strong deoxidation capabilities, barium has a large atomic weight and a long residence time in molten steel, which can improve deoxidation efficiency and stability, and calcium performs the final inclusion modification treatment, resulting in composite inclusions that are easier to float.

[0030] By deoxidizing the molten steel inside the heating device 1 with a composite deoxidizer, the composite deoxidizer reacts with different deoxidizing elements in the molten steel, thereby better deoxidizing the molten steel, increasing the performance of the casting, and increasing its wear resistance.

[0031] A mounting bracket 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the heating device 1. A moving device 3 is provided inside the mounting bracket 2. The moving device 3 includes a moving groove 31, a rotating rod 32, a moving block 33, and a drive motor 34. The moving groove 31 is opened inside the mounting bracket 2. The rotating rod 32 is rotatably connected to the inside of the moving groove 31. The moving block 33 is threaded to the surface of the rotating rod 32. The drive motor 34 is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting bracket 2.

[0032] Heating device 1 is a conventional medium-frequency induction furnace used in the prior art for heating and melting raw materials.

[0033] The rotating rod 32 is a threaded rod, and the moving block 33 has a threaded hole inside that is compatible with the threaded rod. The moving block 33 is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod and slidably connected to the inside of the moving groove 31.

[0034] The drive motor 34 is a servo motor, and its output end is connected to one end of the rotating rod through a coupling. After starting, it drives the rotating rod 32 to rotate to one side, thereby moving the moving block 33 to one side.

[0035] Multiple lifting components 4 are fixedly installed on the top of the movable block 33, and a lifting frame 5 is fixedly installed on the output end of the lifting component 4.

[0036] The lifting component 4 consists of a cylinder, a hydraulic rod, and an electric push rod. One end of the lifting component 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the moving block 33, while the output end is fixedly installed on the bottom of the lifting frame 5. It is used to push the lifting frame 5 upward after startup, so as to facilitate the lifting of the mold to a suitable position and facilitate the heating device 1 to heat the molten steel in the mold.

[0037] A rotating motor 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting frame 5, and a collection box 7 is fixedly installed at the output end of the rotating motor 6. Multiple limiting frames 8 are fixedly installed inside the collection box 7.

[0038] The rotating motor 6 is a servo motor, which drives the collection box 7 to rotate to one side after starting, and switches the multiple limit frames 8 in the collection box 7, thereby facilitating the replacement of the mold.

[0039] The limiting frame 8 is used to store the mold.

[0040] When in use, when it is necessary to remove the molten steel from inside the heating device 1.

[0041] After the drive motor 34 is started, the rotating rod 32 is rotated to one side, causing the moving block 33 to move to one side inside the moving groove 31. When the moving block 33 moves to one side, it moves the collection box 7 to the appropriate position. Then, the lifting component 4 is started to push the lifting frame 5 to move the collection box 7 upward to the appropriate position.

[0042] The heating device 1 controls the pouring of molten steel into the mold inside the limiting frame 8 in the collection box 7, and the splashed molten steel is collected by the collection box 7 for subsequent recycling and reuse, reducing waste.

[0043] Once a mold is filled, the rotating motor 6 is started, which drives the collection box 7, connected to the limiting frame 8, to rotate 90° to one side to switch molds.

[0044] The working principle of the method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery provided by this invention is as follows: When using it, S1: Raw material preparation: Select metal furnace charge with qualified purity according to the material requirements of the casting, including alloy raw materials such as scrap steel, pig iron, ferrochrome, and ferromanganese; at the same time, prepare the molding material quartz sand. S2: Mold making: The required casting model is made by using quartz sand; S3: Melting and casting stage: The metal charge is put into heating device 1 and heated to 1450-1550℃. After the charge is completely melted, a composite deoxidizer is added for pretreatment. Then, other composite deoxidizers are heated for deoxidation. An inoculant is added to refine the grains. Argon is blown into the molten steel through a permeable brick and an argon blowing gun. The argon gas boils and stirs the molten steel for 5-15 minutes. Finally, a sample is taken to analyze the composition. If it is qualified, it is poured into the mold made in step S2. S4: Shaking and Cleaning Stage: After the casting has cooled to the specified temperature, the mold is broken manually or by a sand-shaking machine to remove the casting. For centrifugal casting, the casting needs to be cooled before the centrifuge is reversed or mechanically ejected to remove the casting from the metal mold.

[0045] Use shot blasting machines and sandblasting machines to remove residual sand particles and oxide scale from the surface of the castings. Use an oxygen torch or grinding wheel to cut off the gates, risers, and burrs of the castings. Grind the surface of the castings. S5: Heat treatment and inspection stage: Heat the casting to 1050-1100℃, hold for a period of time, and then quickly cool with water; S6: Quality Inspection: First, conduct visual inspection, then non-destructive testing, such as ultrasonic testing and hardness testing, and finally sample for mechanical property testing to ensure compliance with design standards. After passing the inspection, wear-resistant castings are rust-proofed and put into storage.

[0046] Compared with related technologies, the method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery. By deoxidizing the molten steel inside the heating device 1 with a composite deoxidizer, the composite deoxidizer reacts with different deoxidizing elements in the molten steel, thereby better deoxidizing the molten steel, increasing the performance of the casting and increasing its wear resistance. At the same time, by blowing argon into the molten steel, dissolved impurities diffuse into the bubbles and are carried away to the slag layer, thereby further improving the purity of the molten steel. Second Embodiment

[0047] Please refer to the following: Figure 4 and Figure 5 Based on the method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery provided in the first embodiment of this application, the second embodiment of this application proposes another method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery. The second embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the second embodiment will not affect the separate implementation of the first embodiment.

[0048] Specifically, the second embodiment of this application provides a method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery, which differs in that it also includes a rotating sleeve 9, one end of which is rotatably connected to the inside of the collection box 7, a fan 10 is fixedly installed inside the rotating sleeve 9, and multiple air inlets 11 are opened inside the rotating sleeve 9.

[0049] A cleaning plate 12 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating sleeve 9, and a material guide groove 13 is provided inside the collection box 7.

[0050] One end of the cleaning plate 12 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring, which is rotatably connected to the inside of the collection box 7 to limit one end of the cleaning plate 12 and prevent the bottom of the cleaning plate 12 from separating from the inner wall surface of the collection box 7.

[0051] The bottom of one end of the guide chute 13 is an opening, through which the molten steel cooling blocks for observation on the cleaning plate 12 are discharged into the storage box 17 for storage.

[0052] A mounting block is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating sleeve 9. The mounting block has a threaded hole inside, and a bolt is threaded into the threaded hole. The collection box 7 also has a threaded hole inside, which is used to limit the rotation sleeve 9 after the bolt is installed into the threaded hole.

[0053] A support frame 14 is fixedly connected to the surface of the collection box 7. A limiting device 15 is provided inside the support frame 14. A storage box 17 is fixedly installed on the top of the limiting device 15.

[0054] The limiting device 15 includes a limiting groove 151 and a limiting block 152. The limiting groove 151 is formed inside the support frame 14, and the limiting block 152 is slidably connected to the inside of the limiting groove 151.

[0055] The bottom of the storage box 17 is fixedly installed on the top of the limiting block 152, which is used to cooperate with the limiting groove 151 to install the storage box 17.

[0056] The limiting block 152 is provided with a limiting member 16 inside, which is used to limit the distance between the limiting block 152 and the collection box 7.

[0057] The limiting component 16 is a bolt. The limiting block 152 and the support frame 14 are both provided with threaded holes that are compatible with the bolt, which are used to limit the limiting block 152 after the bolt is installed into the threaded hole.

[0058] The working principle of the method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery provided by this invention is as follows: When in use, the air inside the collection box 7 is brought into the rotating sleeve 9 through multiple air inlets 11 after the fan 10 is turned on, and then discharged by the fan 10, thereby accelerating the air circulation speed inside the collection box 7.

[0059] When it is necessary to clean the inside of the collection box 7, the rotating sleeve 9 is rotated to one side, thereby causing the cleaning plate 12 to move to one side inside the collection box 7. The molten steel collected and cooled inside the collection box 7 is scraped to one side into the guide trough 13 and then discharged into the storage box 17.

[0060] When it is necessary to clean the storage box 17, the storage box 17 can be removed by disassembling the limiting member 16 and moving the storage box 17 to one side, thereby causing the limiting block 152 to move to one side and separate inside the limiting groove 151.

[0061] After cleaning the storage box 17, insert the limiting block 152 at the bottom of the storage box 17 into the limiting groove 151 and move it to a suitable position to one side, then install the limiting member 16.

[0062] Compared with related technologies, the method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery. By using a fan in conjunction with rotating the air inlet 11, the molten steel collected inside the collection box 7 is cooled down, accelerating the cooling and molding process. This facilitates subsequent cleaning and also increases the cooling of the mold inside the limit frame 8.

[0063] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Raw material preparation: Select metal furnace materials with acceptable purity according to the requirements of the casting material, including alloy raw materials such as scrap steel, pig iron, ferrochrome, and ferromanganese; at the same time, prepare the molding material quartz sand. S2: Mold making: The required casting model is made by using quartz sand; S3: Melting and casting stage: The metal charge is put into the heating device and heated to 1450-1550℃. After the charge is completely melted, a composite deoxidizer is added for pretreatment. Then, other composite deoxidizers are heated for deoxidation. An inoculant is added to refine the grains. Argon is blown into the molten steel through a permeable brick and an argon blowing gun. The argon gas boils and stirs the molten steel for 5-15 minutes. Finally, a sample is taken to analyze the composition. If it is qualified, it is poured into the mold made in step S2. S4: Shaking and cleaning stage: After the casting has cooled to the specified temperature, the mold is broken manually or by a sand removal machine to remove the casting. For centrifugal casting, the casting needs to be removed from the metal mold by reversing the centrifuge or mechanically ejecting it after it has cooled. Use shot blasting machines and sandblasting machines to remove residual sand particles and oxide scale from the surface of the castings. Use an oxygen torch or grinding wheel to cut off the gates, risers, and burrs of the castings. Grind the surface of the castings. S5: Heat treatment and inspection stage: Heat the casting to 1050-1100℃, hold for a period of time, and then quickly cool with water; S6: Quality Inspection: First, conduct visual inspection, then non-destructive testing, such as ultrasonic testing and hardness testing, and finally sample for mechanical property testing to ensure compliance with design standards. After passing the inspection, wear-resistant castings are rust-proofed and put into storage.

2. The method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite deoxidizer in step 3 is a silicon-manganese alloy, a silicon-calcium alloy, or a silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium alloy.

3. The method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, A mounting bracket is fixedly connected to one side of the heating device. A moving device is provided inside the mounting bracket. The moving device includes a moving slot, a rotating rod, a moving block, and a drive motor. The moving slot is opened inside the mounting bracket. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the moving slot. The moving block is threaded to the surface of the rotating rod. The drive motor is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting bracket.

4. The method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple lifting components are fixedly installed on the top of the movable block, and a lifting frame is fixedly installed on the output end of each lifting component.

5. The method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery according to claim 4, characterized in that, A rotating motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting frame, and a collection box is fixedly installed at the output end of the rotating motor. Multiple limit frames are fixedly installed inside the collection box.

6. The method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The collection box is rotatably connected to a rotating sleeve, and a fan is fixedly installed inside the rotating sleeve. Multiple air inlets are opened inside the rotating sleeve.

7. The method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery according to claim 6, characterized in that, A cleaning plate is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating sleeve, and a material guide groove is provided inside the collection box.

8. The method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that, A support frame is fixedly connected to the surface of the collection box, and a limiting device is provided inside the support frame. A storage box is fixedly installed on the top of the limiting device.

9. A method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The limiting device includes a limiting groove and a limiting block. The limiting groove is formed inside the support frame, and the limiting block is slidably connected inside the limiting groove.

10. A method for improving the performance of wear-resistant castings for engineering machinery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The limiting block is provided with a limiting component inside, which is used to limit the distance between the limiting block and the collection box.

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