Tunnel inverted arch construction method and matching equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel inverted arch construction method and matched equipment, relates to the field of tunnel inverted arch construction, and comprises an equipment framework, an upper formwork, side formworks, a connecting mechanism and a screw rod power mechanism, wherein the servo motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the moving plate moves along the length direction of the screw rod, the moving plate pulls the steel wire rope to drive the side plate to move, and the opening and closing of the side formwork are realized through the rotation of the arc-shaped connecting plates; the application realizes the automatic cooperation of the reinforcement laying and the opening and closing of the formwork, adopts a three-section staggered opening and closing design, avoids structural interference, realizes continuous construction, improves engineering efficiency, integrates the formwork demolding and equipment movement, is compact in structure, and is suitable for narrow spaces in tunnels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel invert construction technology, specifically to a tunnel invert construction method and supporting equipment. Background Technology

[0002] The patent publication number CN102787848A, entitled "A Steel Formwork Trolley for Slipform Concrete Lining of Tunnel Invert Arch," provides a device for tunnel invert arch construction. This patent overcomes the defect of traditional needle beam or other forms of closed concrete pouring construction methods for invert arches, which are prone to forming air bubbles. However, in order to increase the strength of the invert arch, a steel reinforcement skeleton is usually added to the invert arch. This device for tunnel invert arch construction obviously cannot take into account the laying of the steel reinforcement skeleton, and has a low degree of automation.

[0003] Therefore, we provide a method for constructing tunnel invert arches and related equipment to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method and supporting equipment for tunnel invert arch construction, which realizes automated coordination of steel reinforcement laying and formwork opening and closing, and adopts a three-section staggered opening and closing design to avoid structural interference.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs a tunnel invert construction supporting equipment, comprising:

[0006] The equipment frame has side sliding frames at both ends, which are used to slide in cooperation with the slide rails on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0007] The upper template is located below the equipment frame. The upper template is an arc-shaped plate and includes a first upper template, a second upper template, and a third upper template that are sequentially spliced ​​together.

[0008] Side templates, the side templates are provided in three pieces and are located on the side of the upper template, respectively corresponding to the first upper template, the second upper template and the third upper template;

[0009] A connecting mechanism is disposed on the upper surface of the upper template and is used to connect the side template and open and close it relative to the upper template. The connecting mechanism includes a first limiting plate, a second limiting plate, a side plate, a first connecting shaft, a second connecting shaft, an arc-shaped connecting plate, a wire rope, and a connecting concave plate.

[0010] A lead screw power mechanism is provided on the side of the equipment frame away from the side template, and includes a fixed plate, a lead screw, a guide rod, a moving plate, a longitudinal beam, a servo motor, and a drive plate;

[0011] The servo motor drives the lead screw to rotate, causing the moving plate to move along the length of the lead screw. The moving plate pulls the steel wire rope to move the side plate. The opening and closing of the side template is achieved by rotating the arc-shaped connecting plate.

[0012] The drive plate consists of three sets of V-shaped guide grooves. The drive plate includes a straight section and an inclined section. The bottom of the longitudinal beam is provided with rollers that cooperate with the V-shaped guide grooves. When the moving plate drives the drive plate to move, the longitudinal beam moves back and forth and drives the upper template to move upward through the linkage mechanism.

[0013] As a further optimization of the above solution, the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper template;

[0014] The side plate is movably disposed on the side of the second limiting plate away from the first limiting plate;

[0015] One end of the first connecting shaft is fixed to the first limiting plate, and the other end moves through the second limiting plate and is fixed to the side plate. A first spring is sleeved on the first connecting shaft.

[0016] One end of the second connecting shaft is fixed to the side plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate. A second spring is sleeved on the second connecting shaft. One end of the second spring is fixed to the side plate, and the other end is fixed to the arc-shaped connecting plate.

[0017] One end of the arc-shaped connecting plate is fixed to the second connecting shaft, and the other end is fixed to the side template;

[0018] One end of the wire rope is fixed to the side plate. The wire rope moves through the second limiting plate, the first limiting plate and the longitudinal beam in sequence and is then fixed to the servo motor. The servo motor is mounted on the fixed plate.

[0019] The connecting concave plate is fixed to the upper surface of the upper template and is connected to the linkage mechanism.

[0020] As a further optimization of the above solution, the fixing plate is provided in three parts and fixed to the side of the equipment frame;

[0021] The lead screw is rotatably connected to three fixed plates, and one end of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the power shaft of the servo motor.

[0022] The movable plate is provided in two parts, and the middle of the movable plate is provided with a threaded hole that cooperates with the lead screw.

[0023] The guide rod is provided in two parts, both of which move through the two movable plates and are fixed at their ends to the fixed plate.

[0024] The drive plate is located below the lead screw and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving plate;

[0025] The longitudinal beam is located at the bottom of the equipment frame, and rollers are installed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam. The rollers slide in contact with the V-shaped guide groove of the drive plate.

[0026] As a further optimization of the above solution, the linkage mechanism includes a first link, a second link, and a sliding plate;

[0027] The two ends of the first connecting rod are rotatably connected to the longitudinal beam and the connecting concave plate, respectively;

[0028] The two ends of the second link are rotatably connected to the sliding plate and the middle of the first link, respectively;

[0029] The sliding plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the longitudinal beam;

[0030] When the longitudinal beam moves back and forth, the linkage mechanism drives the upper template to move upward.

[0031] As a further optimization of the above solution, the length of the straight segment in the middle of the drive board is less than the length of the straight segments on both sides.

[0032] As a further optimization of the above scheme, a concrete conveying system is also included, which includes a first hopper, a conveyor belt, and a second hopper.

[0033] The first funnel is used to receive concrete;

[0034] The conveyor belt is inclined, with the lower end of the conveyor belt corresponding to the bottom of the first funnel and the upper end of the conveyor belt installed on the equipment frame.

[0035] The second funnel is mounted on the equipment frame and located below the upper end of the conveyor belt;

[0036] Several distribution pipes are connected to the bottom of the second funnel. The upper end of the distribution pipes is connected to the second funnel, and the lower end of the distribution pipes is fixed to the upper template.

[0037] The upper template is provided with a discharge hole that communicates with the distribution pipe.

[0038] As a further optimization of the above solution, the side sliding frame is equipped with an independently driven motor and rollers.

[0039] This invention also discloses a method for constructing a tunnel invert, using supporting equipment for tunnel invert construction, including the following steps:

[0040] S1: Move the equipment to the construction position, start the servo motor to drive the lead screw to rotate, the moving plate moves and pulls the steel wire rope, so that the side plate is close to the second limit plate, and the side template is opened by rotating the arc-shaped connecting plate at the same time.

[0041] S2: After opening the side formwork and the top formwork, lay a steel reinforcement cage between the top formwork and the bottom of the tunnel;

[0042] S3: Reverse start servo motor to close the side formwork and form a complete pouring space;

[0043] S4: Concrete is poured evenly into the space between the upper formwork and the bottom of the tunnel using a concrete conveying system to form the inverted arch block;

[0044] S5: After the pouring is completed, the servo motor is restarted again, and the moving plate continues to move. Through the V-shaped guide groove of the drive plate and the rollers, the longitudinal beam moves back and forth, and the upper template is moved up and demolded through the linkage mechanism.

[0045] S6: The equipment moves longitudinally along the tunnel to the next construction position, and steps S1-S5 are repeated to achieve continuous construction.

[0046] As a further optimization of the above scheme, in step S2, the second upper template is opened alternately with respect to the first upper template and the third upper template.

[0047] As a further optimization of the above solution, in step S5, the three sections of the upper template move upwards in an alternating manner to demold, and after demolding is completed, the entire equipment moves forward.

[0048] The tunnel invert construction method and supporting equipment of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0049] The present invention provides a method and supporting equipment for tunnel invert arch construction, which realizes automated coordination of steel reinforcement laying and formwork opening and closing, and adopts a three-section staggered opening and closing design to avoid structural interference, achieve continuous construction, improve engineering efficiency, integrate formwork demolition and equipment movement, and has a compact structure that is suitable for the narrow space of tunnels.

[0050] Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, indicating how the principles of the present invention can be adopted. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited in scope as a result, and that the embodiments of the present invention include many changes, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel structure of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel invert arch construction equipment of the present invention during tunnel construction.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting equipment structure for tunnel invert construction according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the tunnel invert construction equipment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive system structure of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive board structure from one perspective of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the drive board structure from another perspective of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive system and the drive board of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the second upper template is opened.

[0062] In the diagram: 1. Tunnel; 2. Slide rail; 3. First funnel; 4. Conveyor belt; 5. Second funnel; 6. Equipment frame; 7. Upper template; 8. Side template; 9. Connecting mechanism; 10. Fixed plate; 11. Lead screw; 12. Guide rod; 13. Moving plate; 14. Longitudinal beam; 15. Servo motor; 16. Drive plate; 17. Roller; 18. First connecting rod; 19. Second connecting rod; 20. Sliding plate; 51. Distribution pipe; 52. Discharge hole; 61. Side sliding frame; 62. Motor; 71. First upper template; 72. Second upper template; 73. Third upper template; 91. First limiting plate; 92. Second limiting plate; 93. Side plate; 94. First connecting shaft; 95. Second connecting shaft; 96. Arc-shaped connecting plate; 97. Steel wire rope; 98. Connecting concave plate; 161. Straight section; 162. Inclined section. Detailed Implementation

[0063] Please refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figure 1-11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method and supporting equipment for tunnel invert construction, which can realize continuous construction of invert within tunnel 1 and has a high degree of automation.

[0064] The tunnel invert construction method of the present invention uses tunnel invert construction equipment. The tunnel invert construction equipment takes into account the problem that the traditional tunnel invert construction equipment cannot properly take into account the laying of the steel reinforcement cage and has a relatively low degree of automation. An openable side formwork 8 is added to the original invert laying formwork. When the side formwork 8 is opened, it is convenient to lay the steel reinforcement and improves the automation process of the tunnel invert construction equipment.

[0065] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As described above, the tunnel invert construction equipment operates in tunnel 1. Slide rails 2 are installed on both sides of the inner wall of tunnel 1. The tunnel invert construction equipment includes a first funnel 3, a conveyor belt 4, a second funnel 5, an equipment frame 6, an upper formwork 7, and a side formwork 8.

[0066] The equipment frame 6 is equipped with side sliding frames 61 at both ends. The side sliding frames 61 are respectively matched with the slide rails 2 on both sides of the tunnel 1. The side sliding frames 61 are equipped with independently driven motors 62 and rollers, which facilitates the control of the tunnel invert construction equipment to move along the tunnel 1.

[0067] The first funnel 3 is used to receive concrete, and the bottom of the first funnel 3 corresponds to the lower end of the conveyor belt 4. The conveyor belt 4 is used to transport concrete, and the conveyor belt 4 is inclined and the upper end of the conveyor belt 4 is installed on the equipment frame 6. The second funnel 5 is set on the equipment frame 6 and is located below the upper end of the conveyor belt 4. During operation, the first funnel 3 discharges concrete onto the conveyor belt 4, and the concrete is transported into the second funnel 5 by the conveyor belt 4.

[0068] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, a distribution pipe 51 is provided at the lower end of the second funnel 5, and several distribution pipes 51 are provided. The several second funnels 5 are distributed at equal intervals. The upper end of the distribution pipe 51 is connected to the second funnel 5, and the lower end of the distribution pipe 51 is fixed to the upper template 7. The upper template 7 is located below the equipment frame 6. The upper template 7 is provided with a discharge hole 52, which is connected to the corresponding distribution pipe 51. During operation, the concrete received in the second funnel 5 will enter the space between the upper template 7 and the bottom of the tunnel 1 evenly along the multiple distribution pipes 51, thereby forming an inverted arch block.

[0069] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the upper template 7 is an arc-shaped plate and includes a first upper template 71, a second upper template 72, and a third upper template 73 that are sequentially spliced ​​together. Three side templates 8 are provided and located on the sides of the upper template 7. The upper surfaces of the first upper template 71, the second upper template 72, and the third upper template 73 are all provided with connecting mechanisms 9 that connect to the side templates 8. The side templates 8 can open and close relative to the upper template 7 through the connecting mechanisms 9. The connecting mechanism 9 includes a first limiting plate 91, a second limiting plate 92, a side plate 93, a first connecting shaft 94, a second connecting shaft 95, an arc-shaped connecting plate 96, a steel wire rope 97, and a connecting concave plate 98. The first limiting plate 91 and the second limiting plate 92 are both fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper template 7. The side plate 93 is movably disposed on the side of the second limiting plate 92 away from the first limiting plate 91. One end of the first connecting shaft 94 is fixedly connected to the first limiting plate 91, and the other end movably passes through the second limiting plate 92 and is fixed to the side plate 93. On the side, a first spring is sleeved on the first connecting shaft 94 between the second limiting plate 92 and the side plate 93. One end of the second connecting shaft 95 is fixedly connected to the side plate 93, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first limiting plate 91 and the second limiting plate 92. A second spring is sleeved on the second connecting shaft 95 between the second limiting plate 92 and the side plate 93. One end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the side plate 93, and the other end is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped connecting plate 96. One end of the arc-shaped connecting plate 96 is fixedly connected to the second connecting shaft 95 between the second limiting plate 92 and the first limiting plate 91. The other end of the arc-shaped connecting plate 96 is fixedly connected to the side template 8. The connecting concave plate 98 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the upper template 7. One end of the wire rope 97 is fixedly connected to the side plate 93. The wire rope 97 moves through the second limiting plate 92 and the first limiting plate 91 in sequence. A screw power mechanism is provided on the side of the equipment frame 6 away from the side template 8.

[0070] refer to Figures 6 to 10 As shown, the lead screw power mechanism includes a fixed plate 10, a lead screw 11, a guide rod 12, a moving plate 13, a longitudinal beam 14, a servo motor 15, and a drive plate 16. The fixed plate 10 is fixedly connected to the side of the equipment frame 6. There are three fixed plates 10. The lead screw 11 is rotatably connected to the three fixed plates 10. The power shaft of the servo motor 15 is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 11. The servo motor 15 is fixedly installed on the corresponding fixed plate 10. The moving plate 13 has a wire hole in the middle. There are two moving plates 13. The lead screw 11 passes through the wire hole and is connected to the wire hole. There are two guide rods 12. The two guide rods 12 move through the two moving plates 13 at the same time. The ends of the guide rods 12 are fixedly connected to the corresponding fixed plates 10. When the servo motor 15 starts, it drives the lead screw 11 to rotate. The moving plate 13 can move along the length direction of the lead screw 11. The guide rods 12 serve to guide the moving plate 13 horizontally.

[0071] The drive plate 16 is located below the lead screw 11, and the bottom of the moving plate 13 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the drive plate 16. The drive plate 16 consists of three sets of V-shaped guide grooves, each including a straight section 161 and an inclined section 162 arranged sequentially. The longitudinal beam 14 is located at the bottom of the equipment frame 6. The steel wire rope 97 also moves through the longitudinal beam 14 and is fixedly connected to the servo motor 15. A roller 17 is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam 14, and the roller 17 slides in the straight section 161 and the inclined section 162. When the servo motor 15 is started, the moving plate 13 first moves along the length of the lead screw 11, pulling the steel wire rope 97, so that the side plate 93 approaches the second limiting plate 92. After the second spring on the outer ring of the second connecting shaft 95 is compressed, it drives the arc-shaped connecting plate 96 to rotate, thereby opening the side template 8. This facilitates the continuous laying of reinforcing bars, and opening the side template 8 facilitates the overall demolding of the upper template 7, making it easy to move and achieve the purpose of continuous construction.

[0072] As the moving plate 13 continues to move, the driving plate 16 moves synchronously with the moving plate 13. Therefore, the bottom 17 of the longitudinal beam 14 will first move along the straight section 161 and then along the inclined section 162. When the roller 17 moves along the inclined section 162, since the position of the driving plate 16 is fixed, the longitudinal beam 14 can only move back and forth to adapt to the sliding action of the roller 17 in the inclined section 162. The bottom of the longitudinal beam 14 is connected to the connecting concave plate 98 through a linkage structure. The linkage structure includes a first linkage 18 and a second linkage 19. The two ends of the first linkage 18 are rotatably connected to the longitudinal beam 14 and the connecting concave plate 98, respectively. The two ends of the second linkage 19 are rotatably connected to the middle of the sliding plate 20 and the first linkage 18, respectively. The sliding plate 20 is slidably connected to the bottom of the longitudinal beam 14. When the longitudinal beam 14 moves back and forth, the linkage structure will cause the upper formwork 7 to move upward. When the upper formwork 7 moves upward, it is convenient to continuously lay steel bars and move the formwork during construction.

[0073] refer to Figure 11 As shown, the length of one straight segment 161 in the middle of the drive plate 16 in this invention is less than the length of the other two straight segments 161, so that the second upper template 72 can open alternately relative to the first upper template 71 and the third upper template 73, thus solving the problem of mutual interference when the arc-shaped plates open upwards at the same time.

Claims

1. A set of supporting equipment for tunnel invert construction, characterized in that, include: The equipment frame has side sliding frames at both ends, which are used to slide in cooperation with the slide rails on the inner wall of the tunnel. The upper template is located below the equipment frame. The upper template is an arc-shaped plate and includes a first upper template, a second upper template, and a third upper template that are sequentially spliced ​​together. Side templates, the side templates are provided in three pieces and are located on the side of the upper template, respectively corresponding to the first upper template, the second upper template and the third upper template; A connecting mechanism is disposed on the upper surface of the upper template and is used to connect the side template and open and close it relative to the upper template. The connecting mechanism includes a first limiting plate, a second limiting plate, a side plate, a first connecting shaft, a second connecting shaft, an arc-shaped connecting plate, a wire rope, and a connecting concave plate. A lead screw power mechanism is provided on the side of the equipment frame away from the side template, and includes a fixed plate, a lead screw, a guide rod, a moving plate, a longitudinal beam, a servo motor, and a drive plate; The servo motor drives the lead screw to rotate, causing the moving plate to move along the length of the lead screw. The moving plate pulls the steel wire rope to move the side plate. The opening and closing of the side template is achieved by rotating the arc-shaped connecting plate. The drive plate consists of three sets of V-shaped guide grooves. The drive plate includes a straight section and an inclined section. The bottom of the longitudinal beam is provided with rollers that cooperate with the V-shaped guide grooves. When the moving plate drives the drive plate to move, the longitudinal beam moves back and forth and drives the upper template to move upward through the linkage mechanism.

2. The tunnel invert construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first limiting plate and the second limiting plate are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper template; The side plate is movably disposed on the side of the second limiting plate away from the first limiting plate; One end of the first connecting shaft is fixed to the first limiting plate, and the other end moves through the second limiting plate and is fixed to the side plate. A first spring is sleeved on the first connecting shaft. One end of the second connecting shaft is fixed to the side plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate. A second spring is sleeved on the second connecting shaft. One end of the second spring is fixed to the side plate, and the other end is fixed to the arc-shaped connecting plate. One end of the arc-shaped connecting plate is fixed to the second connecting shaft, and the other end is fixed to the side template; One end of the wire rope is fixed to the side plate. The wire rope moves through the second limiting plate, the first limiting plate and the longitudinal beam in sequence and is then fixed to the servo motor. The servo motor is mounted on the fixed plate. The connecting concave plate is fixed to the upper surface of the upper template and is connected to the linkage mechanism.

3. The tunnel invert construction equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing plate consists of three pieces and is fixed to the side of the equipment frame; The lead screw is rotatably connected to three fixed plates, and one end of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the power shaft of the servo motor. The movable plate is provided in two parts, and the middle of the movable plate is provided with a threaded hole that cooperates with the lead screw. The guide rod is provided in two parts, both of which move through the two movable plates and are fixed at their ends to the fixed plate. The drive plate is located below the lead screw and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving plate; The longitudinal beam is located at the bottom of the equipment frame, and rollers are installed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam. The rollers slide in contact with the V-shaped guide groove of the drive plate.

4. The tunnel invert construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism includes a first link, a second link, and a sliding plate; The two ends of the first connecting rod are rotatably connected to the longitudinal beam and the connecting concave plate, respectively; The two ends of the second link are rotatably connected to the sliding plate and the middle of the first link, respectively; The sliding plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the longitudinal beam; When the longitudinal beam moves back and forth, the linkage mechanism drives the upper template to move upward.

5. The tunnel invert construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the straight segment in the middle of the drive board is less than the length of the straight segments on both sides.

6. The tunnel invert construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a concrete conveying system, which comprises a first hopper, a conveyor belt, and a second hopper. The first funnel is used to receive concrete; The conveyor belt is inclined, with the lower end of the conveyor belt corresponding to the bottom of the first funnel and the upper end of the conveyor belt installed on the equipment frame. The second funnel is mounted on the equipment frame and located below the upper end of the conveyor belt; Several distribution pipes are connected to the bottom of the second funnel. The upper end of the distribution pipes is connected to the second funnel, and the lower end of the distribution pipes is fixed to the upper template. The upper template is provided with a discharge hole that communicates with the distribution pipe.

7. The tunnel invert construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side sliding frame is equipped with an independently driven motor and rollers.

8. A method for constructing a tunnel invert arch, characterized in that: The tunnel invert construction equipment according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: S1: Move the equipment to the construction position, start the servo motor to drive the lead screw to rotate, the moving plate moves and pulls the steel wire rope, so that the side plate is close to the second limit plate, and the side template is opened by rotating the arc-shaped connecting plate at the same time. S2: After opening the side formwork and the top formwork, lay a steel reinforcement cage between the top formwork and the bottom of the tunnel; S3: Reverse start servo motor to close the side formwork and form a complete pouring space; S4: Concrete is poured evenly into the space between the upper formwork and the bottom of the tunnel using a concrete conveying system to form the inverted arch block; S5: After the pouring is completed, the servo motor is restarted again, and the moving plate continues to move. Through the V-shaped guide groove of the drive plate and the rollers, the longitudinal beam moves back and forth, and the upper template is moved up and demolded through the linkage mechanism. S6: The equipment moves longitudinally along the tunnel to the next construction position, and steps S1-S5 are repeated to achieve continuous construction.

9. A method for constructing a tunnel invert arch according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, the second upper template opens alternately with respect to the first and third upper templates.

10. A method for constructing a tunnel invert arch according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S5, the three sections of the upper template move upwards in an alternating manner to demold, and after demolding is completed, the entire equipment moves forward.

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