Thermal switch heat pipe and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal management, and provides a thermal switch heat pipe and electronic equipment, and the thermal switch heat pipe comprises a shell, a working medium and an electric control fluid assembly; the working medium is arranged in the shell, and the working medium can be vaporized after being heated and can be condensed into a liquid working medium after being cooled; the electric control fluid assembly is arranged on the shell and can actively transport a liquid working medium through electric power, so that the phase change rate is controlled through electric power, and then the heat conductivity is controlled. The electric control fluid assembly controls the liquid working medium to move from the condensation side to the evaporation side or controls the liquid working medium to stop moving from the condensation side to the evaporation side, and under the condition that the electric control fluid assembly controls the liquid working medium to move from the condensation side to the evaporation side, the electric control fluid assembly can further control the moving speed of the liquid working medium; in other words, the electric control fluid assembly adopts an electric driving mode and can control whether gas-liquid phase change occurs or not and the speed of the gas-liquid phase change, so that the physical reaction speed of the gas-liquid phase change is changed, and the thermal conductivity of the thermal switch heat pipe is further controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal management technology, and more particularly to a thermal switch heat pipe and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] The key trends in electronics development lie in high integration, high performance, and miniaturization. According to Moore's Law, the number of components that can be placed on an integrated circuit roughly doubles every 18-24 months, and performance also doubles. However, in recent years, the development of Moore's Law has gradually reached a bottleneck, one important issue being heat dissipation limitations.

[0003] Phase change heat transfer technology utilizes the principle of vapor-liquid phase change. Under heat input, the working fluid vaporizes and rapidly carries away heat, preventing chip failure due to high temperatures. It is widely used in electronic devices and the semiconductor field. Heat pipes, as typical phase change heat transfer elements, are increasingly favored by electronic devices due to their high thermal conductivity, fast response, and high reliability, and their applications are becoming more and more widespread.

[0004] For example, in the field of electric vehicles, continuous operation of batteries in high-temperature environments will affect their lifespan and pose safety hazards, requiring a thermal management system to dissipate heat from the batteries; in cold environments, the low temperature of the batteries caused by the vehicles being parked for a long time will affect the internal resistance and capacity of the batteries, thereby deteriorating the driving range and battery life, thus requiring a thermal management system to keep the batteries warm.

[0005] For example, in the aerospace field, equipment often operates in high-temperature environments of hundreds of degrees Celsius and low-temperature environments of minus one or two hundred degrees Celsius. On the one hand, thermal reflectors and thermal insulators are needed to passively prevent unwanted heat transfer. On the other hand, heat exchangers are needed to actively transfer heat, thereby ensuring that the equipment operates within the appropriate temperature range.

[0006] For example, in the field of scientific instruments, equipment needs to raise or lower the temperature of test samples, or cycle through heating and cooling.

[0007] It is evident that in some new application scenarios, in addition to requiring high thermal conductivity of heat pipes, it is also necessary to meet the variable thermal resistance characteristics of thermal conduction. Traditional heat pipes are unable to meet these new requirements and cannot fully exert their excellent thermal conductivity. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides a thermally switchable heat pipe to solve the problem that traditional heat pipes in the prior art cannot meet the variable thermal resistance characteristics of thermal conduction and obtain a large on / off ratio.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a thermally switched heat pipe, comprising: a housing, a working medium, and an electronically controlled fluid assembly;

[0010] The working medium is disposed in the shell, and the working medium can vaporize when heated and condense into a liquid working fluid when cooled; the electrically controlled fluid assembly is disposed in the shell, and can actively transport the liquid working fluid using electricity, thereby controlling the phase change rate and thus controlling the thermal conductivity.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device including the aforementioned thermal switch heat pipe.

[0012] The thermal switch heat pipe and electronic device provided by this invention include an electronically controlled fluid component that controls the movement of the liquid working fluid from the condensation side to the evaporation side, or controls the liquid working fluid to stop moving from the condensation side to the evaporation side. When the electronically controlled fluid component controls the movement of the liquid working fluid from the condensation side to the evaporation side, it can also control the movement speed of the liquid working fluid. In other words, the electronically controlled fluid component adopts an electric drive method, which can control whether a gas-liquid phase change occurs and the rate of the gas-liquid phase change, thereby changing the physical reaction rate of the gas-liquid phase change and thus controlling the thermal conductivity of the thermal switch heat pipe. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the heat switch heat pipe provided by the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the heat pipe with thermal switch provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the working principle of an electro-hydraulic component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a second schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an electro-hydraulic component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the heat switch heat pipe provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 One of the schematic diagrams illustrating the working principle;

[0021] Figure 8 yes Figure 6The second schematic diagram illustrating the working principle;

[0022] Figure 9 yes Figure 6 The third schematic diagram illustrating the working principle;

[0023] Figure 10 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the working principle of an electro-fluid control assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 11 This is a second schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an electro-hydraulic component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 12 This is the third schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an electro-hydraulic component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 13 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the working principle of an electro-hydraulic component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 14 This is a second schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an electro-hydraulic component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 15 This is the third schematic diagram of the thermal switch heat pipe provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 1. Thermal switch heat pipe;

[0031] 10. Shell; 101. Condensation side; 102. Evaporation side; 103. First shell; 104. Second shell; 105. Liquid suction core; 106. Liquid flow path;

[0032] 11. Working medium; 111. Gaseous working fluid; 112. Liquid working fluid;

[0033] 12. Electro-hydraulic control assembly; 121. Support member; 1211. First through hole; 1212. Mounting position; 1213. Wiring electrode; 122. Electro-hydraulic control unit; 1221. Vibrating plate; 12211. Second through hole; 1222. Electromechanical vibrator; 1223. Cavity; 12231. First cavity; 122311. Liquid inlet; 12232. Second cavity; 122321. Liquid outlet; 1224. Heating element; 123. Infusion channel; 1231. First infusion channel; 1232. Second infusion channel ; 124. Electrowetting drive mechanism; 1241. First electrowetting drive unit; 1242. Second electrowetting drive unit; 125. Flexible tube; 1251. First flexible tube; 1252. Second flexible tube; 126. Electromagnetic peristalsis adjustment mechanism; 1261. First electromagnetic peristalsis adjustment unit; 1262. Second electromagnetic peristalsis adjustment unit; 127. Second flexible liquid suction core; 128. Sliding body; 1281. Guide surface; 129. Extrusion component; 130. Power source; 1301. Drive component; 1302. Magnetic body;

[0034] 2. Radiator;

[0035] 3. Heat source. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0037] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this invention may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those features. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] It should be noted that the "heat pipe" referred to in this invention specifically refers to a heat pipe or heat plate based on the principle of phase change heat pipe, and is not limited to heat pipes in form.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the thermal switch heat pipe 1 of this embodiment includes: a housing 10, a working medium 11, and an electronically controlled fluid assembly 12.

[0042] The working medium 11 is disposed inside the housing 10. The working medium 11 can vaporize upon heating to form a gaseous working fluid 111, and liquefy and condense upon cooling to form a liquid working fluid 112. The working medium 11 can be water. For example, the housing 10 is cylindrical, and a vacuum is created inside the housing 10, or a very small amount of air is left behind without affecting the operation of the thermal switch heat pipe 1.

[0043] In practical applications, such as Figure 2 As shown, the housing 10 has a first side and a second side opposite to each other. The first side can be used as a condenser side 101 and the second side can be used as an evaporator side 102. The condenser side 101 can be connected to the heat sink 2 and the evaporator side 102 can be connected to the heat source 3. The heat source 3 can be a functional device in an electronic device.

[0044] Specifically, the evaporation side 102 can absorb the heat generated during the operation of the heat source 3. At this time, the liquid working medium 11 vaporizes after being heated to form a gaseous working medium 111. The gaseous working medium 111 moves from the evaporation side 102 to the condensation side 101. The gaseous working medium 111 can liquefy and condense into a liquid working medium 112 on the condensation side and release heat. The heat can be dissipated through the heat sink 2. The liquid working medium 112 moves from the condensation side to the evaporation side 102. This process is continuously repeated to complete the cooling of the functional device.

[0045] To enable controllability of the gas-liquid phase change process of the working medium 11, an electro-fluid control assembly 12 is disposed in the housing 10. The electro-fluid control assembly 12 can drive the liquid working medium 112 to move from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102 when energized, or the electro-fluid control assembly 12 can also impede the movement of the liquid working medium 112 from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102 when energized.

[0046] For example, when the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12 is de-energized, the liquid working medium 112 spontaneously moves from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102, and the gas-liquid phase change process proceeds smoothly; when the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12 is energized, the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12 prevents the liquid working medium 112 from moving from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102, thereby stopping the physical process of gas-liquid phase change.

[0047] Specifically, when the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12 is in the open state, it can drive the liquid working fluid 112 to flow from the condenser side 101 to the evaporator side 102. The liquid working fluid 112 absorbs heat energy from the heat source 3 and vaporizes into a gaseous working fluid 111. The gaseous working fluid 111 flows to the condenser side 101, where it liquefies upon cooling and releases heat, transferring the heat to the radiator 2 connected thereto. The liquid working fluid 112 condensed on the condenser side 101 flows from the condenser side 101 to the evaporator side 102 again under the drive of the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12, thereby realizing a phase change cycle, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the open state. When the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12 is in the closed state, the liquid working fluid 112 stops flowing, the phase change cycle stops, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0048] It is particularly noteworthy that the electro-fluid control assembly 12 can not only drive the liquid working medium 112 to move from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102 when energized, but also control the flow rate of the liquid working medium 112, that is, it has a large on / off ratio.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, the electro-fluid control component 12 controls the liquid working medium 112 to move from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102, or controls the liquid working medium 112 to stop moving from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102. When the electro-fluid control component 12 controls the liquid working medium 112 to move from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102, the electro-fluid control component 12 can also control the moving speed of the liquid working medium 112. That is to say, the electro-fluid control component 12 adopts an electric drive method, which can control whether the gas-liquid phase change occurs and the speed of the gas-liquid phase change, thereby changing the physical reaction speed of the gas-liquid phase change, and thus controlling the thermal conductivity of the thermal switch heat pipe 1.

[0050] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the electro-fluid assembly 12 includes a support member 121 and an electro-fluid unit 122. The support member 121 is disposed on the housing 10 and has a first through hole 1211. The electro-fluid unit 122 is disposed on the support member 121.

[0051] The housing 10 has an evaporation side 102 and a condensation side 101. The gaseous working fluid 111 of the evaporation side 102 can spontaneously move to the condensation side 101 through the first through hole 1211.

[0052] It should be noted that the support member 121 is located between the evaporator side 102 and the condenser side 101. To ensure the sealing of the heat pipe 1 of the thermal switch, the support member 121 and the housing 10 are integrally molded. Alternatively, the support member 121 and the housing 10 can be detachably connected and sealed.

[0053] Understandably, in order to allow the liquid working fluid 112 to accumulate on the condensation side 101, a liquid wick 105 can be provided on the condensation side 101. The liquid wick 105 has sufficient adsorption capacity so that the liquid working fluid 112 condensed on the condensation side 101 can flow into the liquid wick 105 through capillary action. Similarly, a liquid wick 105 can also be provided on the evaporation side 102 so that the liquid working fluid 112 flowing from the condensation side 101 can accumulate on the evaporation side 102, thereby improving the gas-liquid phase change efficiency and thus improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0054] Alternatively, the inner walls of the shell 10 corresponding to the condensation side 101 and the evaporation side 102 can be made into rough surfaces, so that the liquid working fluid 112 accumulates on the condensation side 101 and the evaporation side 102.

[0055] For example, the electrically controlled fluid unit 122 drives the liquid working medium 112 to move from the condensing side 101 to the evaporating side 102 under electric drive. The liquid working medium 112 absorbs the heat energy of the heat source 3 and converts it into gaseous working medium 111. The gaseous working medium 111 flows to the condensing side 101 through the first through hole 1211. After the gaseous working medium 111 reaches the condensing side 101, it liquefies and releases heat and transfers the heat to the radiator 2. The liquid working medium 112 condensed on the condensing side 101 flows from the condensing side 101 to the evaporating side 102 again under the action of the electrically controlled fluid unit 122, thereby realizing the circulating heat transfer of the thermal switch heat pipe 1.

[0056] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the housing 10 includes a first housing 103 and a second housing 104. The first housing 103 and the second housing 104 enclose each other to form a gas-liquid channel, and the support member 121 is sandwiched between the first housing 103 and the second housing 104.

[0057] In addition, the support 121 has a certain thermal insulation capacity, which can be achieved through materials or structure, and is used to improve the thermal resistance of the device when the thermal switch heat pipe is in the off state.

[0058] The inner wall of the first housing 103 can be configured as the evaporation side 102, and the inner wall of the second housing 104 can be configured as the condensation side 101. There is no one-to-one correspondence between the first housing 103 and the second housing 104 and the condensation side 101 and the evaporation side 102.

[0059] It should be noted that, in order to facilitate power supply to the electronically controlled fluid unit 122, the support member 121 is provided with wiring electrodes 1213 on its periphery, and the support member 121 is electrically connected to the electronically controlled fluid unit 122.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the periphery of the support 121 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 10.

[0061] It should be noted that the periphery of the support member 121 abuts against the inner wall of the housing 10, or, in order to increase the throughput of the gaseous working medium 111, the periphery of the support member 121 may have a gap with the inner wall of the housing 10, and this gap is used to form a gaseous working medium channel.

[0062] For example, a first connecting part is provided on the periphery of the support member 121, and a second connecting part is provided at a corresponding position on the inner wall of the housing 10. The first connecting part can be a hook, and the second connecting part can be a buckle. The support member 121 and the housing 10 are connected through the first connecting part and the second connecting part. In this way, while ensuring that the relative position of the support member 121 and the housing 10 remains fixed, a certain gap can be formed between the inner wall of the housing 10 and the periphery of the support member 121 to form a gaseous working fluid channel.

[0063] Specifically, in order to facilitate power supply to the electronically controlled fluid unit 122, a protruding wiring electrode 1213 is provided at the edge of the support member 121. The protruding wiring electrode 1213 passes through the housing 10. For example, an opening is provided on the housing 10 corresponding to the protruding wiring electrode 1213, and the protruding wiring electrode 1213 passes through the opening, thereby facilitating connection to an external power source.

[0064] Alternatively, the wiring electrode 1213 can also be formed by the first housing 103 and the second housing 104 themselves, with the first housing 103 and the second housing 104 being insulated from each other by the support member 121.

[0065] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the electro-fluid control unit 122 is embedded in the center of the support member 121.

[0066] It should be noted that embedding the electronically controlled fluid unit 122 at the center of the support member 121 can make the internal force of the thermal switch heat pipe 1 more balanced, thereby improving the service life of the thermal switch heat pipe 1.

[0067] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple first through holes 1211. These first through holes 1211 can be circular, square, elliptical, etc. The multiple first through holes 1211 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the support member 121.

[0068] It should be noted that this arrangement can maximize the area utilization of the support 121, so that the gaseous working fluid 111 and the liquid working fluid 112 can travel between the evaporation side 102 and the condensation side 101 at the maximum flow rate, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0069] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the electro-hydraulic control unit 122 includes a vibrator 1221 and an electromechanical vibrator 1222. The support member 121 has a mounting position 1212, and the vibrator 1221 is located at the mounting position 1212. The vibrator 1221 has a first side and a second side facing away from each other. The electromechanical vibrator 1222 is located on at least one of the first side and the second side. The vibrator 1221 has a second through hole 12211. When the electromechanical vibrator 1222 is energized, it can vibrate to transport the liquid working fluid 112 located on the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102 through the second through hole 12211. The electromechanical vibrator 1222 can be a piezoelectric ceramic, an electromagnetic vibrator, an electrostatic vibrator, etc.

[0070] The shell 10 can be flat, cuboid or cylindrical, and the side of the shell 10 in contact with the heat source 3 and the side of the shell 10 in contact with the radiator 2 have good thermal conductivity.

[0071] For example, a mounting position 1212 is provided at the center of the support member 121. The vibrator 1221 can be a circular structural member. Correspondingly, the mounting position 1212 can be a circular through groove adapted to the vibrator 1221, and the periphery of the vibrator 1221 abuts against the groove wall of the circular through groove. The first side is provided with an annular electromechanical vibrator 1222, and the second through hole 12211 can be a circular hole. The central axis of the second through hole 12211 coincides with the central axis of the electromechanical vibrator 1222. The condensation side 101 is provided with a liquid suction core 105, and the second side of the vibrator 1221 abuts against the liquid suction core 105. In addition, the wiring electrode 1213 on the support member 121 can transmit external electrical energy to the electromechanical vibrator 1222.

[0072] It should be noted that the electromechanical oscillator 1222 can undergo mechanical deformation with changes in voltage and frequency, and drive the vibrator 1221 to vibrate. As a result, the liquid working fluid 112 can reach the evaporation side 102 from the condensation side 101 through the second through hole 12211.

[0073] Specifically, a continuous pulse voltage drives the electromechanical oscillator 1222 to vibrate the oscillator plate 1221. Under the vibration of the oscillator plate 1221, the liquid working fluid 112 on the condensing side 101 is continuously sprayed from the second through-hole 12211 to the evaporating side 102. The liquid working fluid 112 absorbs heat and vaporizes upon reaching the evaporating side 102, then flows from the first through-hole 1211 to the condensing side 101. The condensed liquid working fluid 112 flows into the wick 105 for storage due to capillary action and is continuously sprayed towards the evaporating side 102 under vibration. Thus, the phase change cycle continues to operate, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the open state. When the pulse driving voltage completely stops, the electro-fluid control unit 122 can no longer drive the liquid working fluid 112 on the condensing side 101 to be transferred to the evaporating side 102, the phase change cycle stops, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0074] It is particularly noteworthy that the thermal conductivity of the thermally switched heat pipe 1 can be altered by adjusting the frequency of the pulse drive voltage. For example, decreasing the frequency of the pulse drive voltage reduces the droplet flow rate injected towards the evaporation side 102, slows down the phase change cycle rate, and decreases the thermal conductivity of the thermally switched heat pipe 1; increasing the frequency of the pulse drive voltage increases the droplet flow rate injected towards the evaporation side 102, accelerates the phase change cycle rate, and increases the thermal conductivity of the thermally switched heat pipe 1, thereby achieving analog adjustment of the thermal conductivity using electrical signals.

[0075] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the electro-hydraulic unit 122 includes a cavity 1223 and a heating element 1224. The support member 121 is provided with a mounting position 1212, the cavity 1223 is located at the mounting position 1212, and the heating element 1224 is located in the cavity 1223. When a pulse current is applied to the heating element 1224, the liquid working fluid 112 located in the cavity 1223 can be sprayed to the evaporation side 102. When the pulse current is disconnected from the heating element 1224, the liquid working fluid 112 located on the condensation side 101 can be drawn into the cavity 1223 by surface tension.

[0076] For example, a mounting position 1212 is provided at the center of the support member 121, and the shape of the mounting position 1212 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the cavity 1223. The cavity 1223 can be a cylindrical structural member, and correspondingly, the mounting position 1212 can be a circular through groove adapted to the cavity 1223, with the periphery of the cavity 1223 abutting against the groove wall of the circular through groove.

[0077] The cavity 1223 has a first end and a second end. The first end is provided with a liquid inlet 122311, and the second end is provided with a liquid outlet 122321. The liquid inlet 122311 is opposite to the condensation side 101, and the liquid outlet 122321 is opposite to the evaporation side 102. The condensation side 101 is provided with a liquid suction core 105, and the liquid inlet 122311 abuts against the liquid suction core 105.

[0078] The heating element 1224 is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the cavity 1223, with its heating surface facing inwards towards the cavity 1223. Various types of heating elements 1224 are available, such as infrared heating elements and thin-film resistors. The position and number of heating elements 1224 are variable and can be determined based on specific requirements.

[0079] It is particularly important to note that the cavity 1223 can be one or multiple cavities 1223, and multiple cavities 1223 can form an array to jointly spray liquid working fluid onto the evaporation side 102.

[0080] For example, when the cavity 1223 is long, multiple heating elements 1224 can be evenly arranged along the length of the cavity 1223; in addition, the wiring electrode 1213 on the support member 121 can transmit external electrical energy to the heating element 1224.

[0081] It should be noted that the inner wall of cavity 1223 has a certain capillary suction force, so that the inner wall of cavity 1223 is in a liquid-wetted state for a long time. For example, the inner wall of cavity 1223 is set as a hydrophilic surface.

[0082] Specifically, when a pulsed current is applied to the heating element 1224, the rapidly rising temperature causes the localized liquid working medium 112 within the cavity 1223 to vaporize. The vaporized liquid working medium 112 expands rapidly, causing it to be ejected as droplets towards the evaporation side 102. After the pulsed current stops, the interior of the cavity 1223 returns to a state filled with liquid working medium 112 due to capillary suction, and awaits the arrival of the next pulsed current. A continuous pulsed current causes droplets to be continuously ejected toward the evaporation side 102. The liquid working medium 112 that reaches the evaporation side 102 absorbs heat and vaporizes to form a gaseous working medium 111. The gaseous working medium 111 reaches the condensation side 101 through the first through hole 1211. After reaching the condensation side 101, the gaseous working medium 111 liquefies upon cooling. Due to the capillary suction in the cavity 1223, the condensed liquid working medium 112 flows back into the cavity 1223. The cavity 1223 is always kept in a state of being wetted by the liquid working medium 112, and the phase change cycle continues. The thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the open state. When the pulsed current stops, the phase change cycle stops, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0083] It is particularly noteworthy that the droplet ejection speed can be adjusted by regulating the pulse current frequency, thereby regulating the gas-liquid phase change speed and achieving the electronic control effect of the thermal switch heat pipe 1.

[0084] In an optional embodiment, to improve maximum heat conduction capacity, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the cavity 1223 includes a first cavity 12231 and a second cavity 12232. The first cavity 12231 is provided with a liquid inlet 122311, and the second cavity 12232 is provided with a liquid outlet 122321. The liquid inlet 122311 is opposite to the condensation side 101, and the liquid outlet 122321 is opposite to the evaporation side 102. The fluid resistance of the liquid outlet 122321 is less than the fluid resistance at the junction of the second cavity 12232 and the first cavity 12231. The heating element 1224 is disposed in the second cavity 12232.

[0085] The first cavity 12231 and the second cavity 12232 are coaxially aligned. The end of the first cavity 12231 furthest from the second cavity 12232 has a liquid inlet 122311, the diameter of which can be the same as the diameter of the first cavity 12231. The liquid inlet 122311 is in close contact with the liquid suction core 105 located on the condensation side 101. The end of the second cavity 12232 furthest from the first cavity 12231 has a liquid outlet 122321, which is opposite to the evaporation side 102. The diameter of the liquid outlet 122321 should match the particle size of the ejected liquid droplets; for example, the diameter of the liquid outlet 122321 is smaller than the diameter of the second cavity 12232.

[0086] Specifically, when a pulsed current is applied to the heating element 1224, the local liquid working fluid 112 inside the second cavity 12232 vaporizes. The vaporized liquid working fluid 112 expands rapidly in volume, and the liquid working fluid 112 in the cavity 1223 is sprayed from the liquid outlet 122321 to the evaporation side 102 in the form of droplets. The liquid working fluid 112 that reaches the evaporation side 102 absorbs heat and vaporizes, and returns to the condensation side 101 through the gaseous working fluid channel. The gaseous working fluid 111 in 101 liquefies upon cooling and is stored in the wick 105 located on the condenser side 101. Due to the strong capillary suction inside the first chamber 12231, the condensed liquid working fluid 112 flows back into the first chamber 12231 and the second chamber 12232 sequentially. The interiors of the first chamber 12231 and the second chamber 12232 remain constantly wetted with liquid working fluid 112, and the phase change cycle continues, with the thermal switch heat pipe 1 in the open state. When the pulse current stops, the phase change cycle stops, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0087] In an optional embodiment, the electro-fluid control unit 122 includes a first flexible liquid-absorbing core and a control mechanism. The support member 121 is provided with a mounting position 1212, and the control mechanism is located at the mounting position 1212. The control mechanism forms an adjustable mounting space, and the first flexible liquid-absorbing core is located in the mounting space. The size of the first flexible liquid-absorbing core can change with the change of the mounting space.

[0088] For example, the control mechanism can be similar to the "aperture" structure in an electronic device, which consists of multiple overlapping arc-shaped blades. One end of each blade is rotatably connected to the mounting position 1212 and can rotate along the axis of the connection point, thereby forming an adjustable mounting space. The first flexible liquid-absorbing core is disposed within the mounting space formed by the multiple blades. Thus, the cross-sectional size of the flexible liquid-absorbing core can be changed by rotating and opening the blades, thereby changing the ability of the flexible liquid-absorbing core to transfer the liquid working medium 112.

[0089] Specifically, as the installation space gradually decreases, the first flexible wick is compressed and contracts, the capillary force gradually weakens, and the liquid working fluid transfer capacity of the first flexible wick decreases. Ultimately, it can hinder the transport of liquid working fluid 112 from the condenser side 101 to the evaporator side 102, thus keeping the thermal switch heat pipe 1 in the closed state. As the installation space returns to its original state, the first flexible wick naturally expands, and the liquid working fluid 112 transfer capacity gradually recovers. Its capillary force can transport the liquid working fluid 112 from the condenser side 101 to the evaporator side 102. The liquid working fluid 112 absorbs heat and vaporizes, and the gaseous working fluid 111 returns to the condenser side 101 through the first through hole 1211. The phase change cycle continues, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the open state.

[0090] It is particularly noteworthy that the liquid working fluid 112 delivery capacity of the first flexible liquid-absorbing core can be controlled by changing the size of the installation space to adjust the gas-liquid phase change rate, thereby realizing the electronic control adjustment of the thermal switch heat pipe 1.

[0091] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the electro-fluid assembly 12 includes an infusion channel 123 and a plurality of electro-wetting drive mechanisms 124. The infusion channel 123 is disposed inside the housing 10, and the plurality of electro-wetting drive mechanisms 124 are arranged sequentially along the length of the infusion channel 123.

[0092] The infusion channel 123 includes a first infusion channel 1231 and a second infusion channel 1232. The first infusion channel 1231 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second infusion channel 1232. A liquid working medium channel is formed between the inner wall of the first infusion channel 1231 and the outer wall of the second infusion channel 1232, and a gaseous working medium channel is formed between the inner wall of the second infusion channel 1232. Each electro-humidification drive mechanism 124 includes a first electro-humidification drive unit 1241 and a second electro-humidification drive unit 1242. The first electro-humidification drive unit 1241 is arranged around the outer wall of the first infusion channel 1231, and the second electro-humidification drive unit 1242 is arranged around the inner wall of the second infusion channel 1232. The first electro-humidification drive unit 1241 and the second electro-humidification drive unit 1242 are arranged opposite to each other. Under the interaction of the first electro-humidification drive unit 1241 and the second electro-humidification drive unit 1242, the flow state of the liquid working medium 112 in the liquid working medium channel can be adjusted.

[0093] For example, one end of the infusion channel 123 extends to the condensation side 101 and the other end extends to the evaporation side 102. Both the inner walls of the condensation side 101 and the evaporation side 102 are provided with suction cores 105, and the opposite ends of the infusion channel 123 can be tightly attached to the suction cores 105. A plurality of electrowetting drive mechanisms 124 are arranged at equal intervals along the length of the infusion channel 123.

[0094] It is particularly important to note that, under the interaction of the first electrowetting drive unit 1241 and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242, the solid-liquid surface tension of the inner wall of the liquid working fluid channel can be changed.

[0095] In this embodiment of the invention, a traction force is generated by the interaction of the first electrohumidification drive unit 1241 and the second electrohumidification drive unit 1242. The liquid working fluid 112, condensed on the condensation side 101, moves directionally from the condensation side 101 through the liquid working fluid channel to the evaporation side 102 under the action of this traction force. The liquid working fluid 112 flowing towards the evaporation side 102 absorbs external heat and vaporizes. The vaporized gaseous working fluid 111 returns to the condensation side 101 through the gaseous working fluid channel and liquefies upon cooling to form liquid working fluid 112. The condensed liquid working fluid 112 then flows back to the evaporation side 102 under the interaction of the first and second electrohumidification drive units 1241 and 1242, thereby achieving continuous phase change cycling, with the thermal switch heat pipe 1 in the open state. When the first and second electrohumidification drive units 1241 and 1242 are closed, the phase change cycle stops, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0096] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, one of the first electrowetting drive unit 1241 and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242 is a drive electrode, and the other is a zero electrode.

[0097] For example, the first electrowetting drive unit 1241 is the drive electrode, and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242 is the zero electrode. That is, the first electrowetting drive unit 1241 can switch between positive and negative electrodes. When both the first electrowetting drive unit 1241 and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242 are of the same charge, the solid-liquid surface tension of the inner wall of the liquid working fluid channel is small. When the first electrowetting drive unit 1241 and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242 are of opposite charges, the solid-liquid surface tension of the inner wall of the liquid working fluid channel is large.

[0098] In other words, when the first electrowetting drive unit 1241 switches between positive and negative electrodes, a traction force can be formed in the liquid working medium channel so that the liquid working medium 112 can move directionally from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102 in a peristaltic manner.

[0099] For example, six driving electrodes are arranged sequentially and evenly along the length of the first infusion channel 1231 and are disposed around the outer wall of the first infusion channel 1231. Correspondingly, six zero electrodes are arranged sequentially and evenly along the length of the second infusion channel 1232 and are disposed around the inner wall of the second infusion channel 1232. The six driving electrodes and the six zero electrodes correspond one-to-one, and a segment is formed in front of each driving electrode and each zero electrode. That is, six segments are formed along the length of the infusion channel 123.

[0100] The six driving electrodes, from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102, are named Driving Electrode 1, Driving Electrode 2, Driving Electrode 3, Driving Electrode 4, Driving Electrode 5, and Driving Electrode 6, respectively. Driving Electrode 1 is positioned near the wick 105 on the condensation side 101, and Driving Electrode 6 is positioned near the wick 105 on the evaporation side 102. Driving Electrode 1 corresponds to the first section, Driving Electrode 2 to the second section, Driving Electrode 3 to the third section, Driving Electrode 4 to the fourth section, Driving Electrode 5 to the fifth section, and Driving Electrode 6 to the sixth section.

[0101] At time t1, driving electrodes 1 and 4 are charged, corresponding to a decrease in the solid-liquid surface tension in the first and fourth segments; driving electrodes 2, 3, 5, and 6 are uncharged, corresponding to a large solid-liquid surface tension in the second, third, fifth, and sixth segments. Therefore, the liquid working medium 112 concentrates in the first and fourth segments. At time t2, driving electrodes 2 and 5 are charged, corresponding to a decrease in the solid-liquid surface tension in their respective segments; driving electrodes 1, 3, 4, and 6 are uncharged, corresponding to a large solid-liquid surface tension in their respective segments. At this time, the liquid working medium 112 moves one segment to the right to the second and fifth segments. At time t3, driving electrodes 3 and 6 are charged, corresponding to a decrease in the solid-liquid surface tension; driving electrodes 1, 2, 4, and 5 are uncharged, corresponding to a large solid-liquid surface tension in their respective segments. At this time, the liquid working medium 112 moves one more segment to the right to the third and sixth segments.

[0102] The liquid working fluid 112 moves to the sixth section within the liquid working fluid channel due to traction. Due to capillary action, it is adsorbed into the wick 105 of the evaporation side 102 and vaporizes under the action of the external heat source 3. The gaseous working fluid 111 returns to the condensation side 101 through the gaseous working fluid channel. The condensed liquid working fluid 112 is adsorbed into the wick 105 of the condensation side 101. Under the action of the first electro-humidification drive unit 1241 and the second electro-humidification drive unit 1242, the action at times t1 to t3 is repeated to ensure that the phase change cycle continues. The thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the open state. When the charging of the first electro-humidification drive unit 1241 is stopped, the phase change cycle stops and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0103] It is particularly noteworthy that by adjusting the switching speed of the first electrowetting drive unit 1241 between the positive and negative electrodes, the creeping speed of the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium channel can be changed, thereby changing the speed of the phase change cycle, and ultimately controlling the thermal conductivity of the thermal switch heat pipe 1, thus realizing the electrical signal analog adjustment of the thermal conductivity.

[0104] It should be noted that the number of driving electrodes and zero electrodes, as well as the alternation pattern of the driving electrodes, are not limited in the embodiments of the present invention. For example, at time t1, only driving electrode one may be charged.

[0105] Understandably, this method primarily utilizes the application of voltage between the liquid working fluid channels to alter the wettability of the droplets within the channels, i.e., changing the contact angle, thereby causing the droplets to shift. Therefore, the material of the infusion channel 123 should be a strongly hydrophobic material, or a strongly hydrophobic coating should be applied to the inner wall of the first infusion channel 1231 and the outer wall of the second infusion channel 1232.

[0106] In an optional embodiment, the electro-fluid assembly 12 includes an infusion channel 123 and a plurality of electro-wetting drive mechanisms 124. The infusion channel 123 is disposed within the housing 10, and the plurality of electro-wetting drive mechanisms 124 are arranged sequentially along the length of the infusion channel 123.

[0107] The infusion channel 123 includes a first infusion channel 1231 and a second infusion channel 1232. The first infusion channel 1231 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second infusion channel 1232. A liquid working medium channel is formed between the inner wall of the first infusion channel 1231 and the outer wall of the second infusion channel 1232. A support member 121 is provided on the inner wall of the second infusion channel 1232. The support member 121 has a first through hole 1211 to form a gaseous working medium channel. At this time, the outer wall of the first infusion channel 1231 is fitted against the inner wall of the housing 10.

[0108] Each electrowetting drive mechanism 124 includes a first electrowetting drive unit 1241 and a second electrowetting drive unit 1242. The first electrowetting drive unit 1241 is arranged around the outer wall of the first infusion channel 1231, and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242 is arranged around the inner wall of the second infusion channel 1232. The first electrowetting drive unit 1241 and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242 are arranged opposite to each other. Under the interaction of the first electrowetting drive unit 1241 and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242, the flow state of the liquid working medium 112 in the liquid working medium channel can be adjusted.

[0109] In this embodiment of the invention, a traction force is generated by the interaction of the first electro-humidification drive unit 1241 and the second electro-humidification drive unit 1242. The liquid working fluid 112, condensed on the condensation side 101, moves directionally from the condensation side 101 through the liquid working fluid channel to the evaporation side 102 under the action of this traction force. The liquid working fluid 112 flowing towards the evaporation side 102 absorbs external heat and vaporizes. The vaporized gaseous working fluid 111 returns to the condensation side 101 through the first through-hole 1211, and liquefies upon cooling to form liquid working fluid 112. The condensed liquid working fluid 112 then flows back to the evaporation side 102 under the interaction of the first and second electro-humidification drive units 1241 and 1242, thereby achieving continuous phase change cycling, with the thermal switch heat pipe 1 in the open state. When the first and second electro-humidification drive units 1241 and 1242 are closed, the phase change cycle stops, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0110] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the electro-fluid control assembly 12 includes a flexible tube 125 and multiple electromagnetic peristalsis adjustment mechanisms 126. The flexible tube 125 is disposed inside the housing 10, and the multiple electromagnetic peristalsis adjustment mechanisms 126 are arranged sequentially along the length of the flexible tube 125.

[0111] A liquid working medium channel is formed inside the flexible tube 125, and a gaseous working medium channel is formed between the outer periphery of the flexible tube 125 and the inner wall of the shell 10. Each electromagnetic peristalsis regulating mechanism 126 includes a first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and a second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262. The first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 is arranged around the outer wall of the flexible tube 125, and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262 is arranged around the inner wall of the flexible tube 125. The first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262 are arranged opposite to each other. Under the interaction of the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262, the deformation of the liquid working medium channel can be controlled.

[0112] It should be noted that the flexible tube 125 may include a first flexible tube 1251 and a second flexible tube 1252. The first flexible tube 1251 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second flexible tube 1252. A liquid working medium channel is formed between the inner wall of the first flexible tube 1251 and the outer wall of the second flexible tube 1252, and a gaseous working medium channel is formed on the inner wall of the second flexible tube 1252. Each electromagnetic peristalsis regulating mechanism 126 includes a first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and a second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262. The first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 is arranged around the outer wall of the first flexible tube 1251, and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262 is arranged around the inner wall of the second flexible tube 1252. The first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262 are arranged opposite to each other. Under the interaction of the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262, the deformation of the liquid working medium channel can be controlled.

[0113] For example, one end of the flexible tube 125 extends to the condensation side 101 and the other end extends to the evaporation side 102. A liquid-absorbing core 105 is provided on the inner wall of both the condensation side 101 and the evaporation side 102, and the opposite ends of the flexible tube 125 can be tightly attached to the liquid-absorbing core 105. Multiple electromagnetic peristaltic adjustment mechanisms 126 are arranged at equal intervals along the length of the flexible tube 125.

[0114] It is particularly important to note that, under the interaction of the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262, the liquid working fluid channel can open or close.

[0115] In this embodiment of the invention, a traction force is generated by the interaction of the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262. The liquid working fluid 112 condensed on the condensing side 101 moves directionally from the condensing side 101 to the evaporating side 102 under the action of the traction force through the liquid working fluid channel. The liquid working fluid 112 flowing to the evaporating side 102 can vaporize by absorbing external heat. The gaseous working fluid 111 formed after vaporization returns to the condensing side 101 through the gaseous working fluid channel and liquefies upon cooling to form a liquid working fluid. The condensed liquid working fluid 112 flows back to the evaporating side 102 under the interaction of the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262, thereby realizing the continuous operation of the phase change cycle, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the open state. When the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262 are closed, the phase change cycle stops, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0116] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, one of the first electromagnetic creep regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic creep regulating unit 1262 can be an electromagnet and the other can be a permanent magnet.

[0117] For example, the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 is an electromagnet, and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262 is a zero electrode. That is, the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 can switch the orientation of the N pole and the S pole. When there is an attractive force between the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262, the liquid working fluid channel is closed; when there is a repulsive force between the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262, the liquid working fluid channel is opened.

[0118] In other words, when the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 switches the orientation of the N pole and the S pole, a traction force can be generated in the liquid working medium channel so that the liquid working medium 112 can move directionally from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102 in a peristaltic manner.

[0119] For example, six electromagnets are arranged uniformly along the length of the first infusion channel 1231 and encircle the outer wall of the first flexible tube 1251. Correspondingly, six permanent magnets are arranged uniformly along the length of the second flexible tube 1252 and encircle the inner wall of the second flexible tube 1252. The six electromagnets and six permanent magnets correspond one-to-one, and a segment is formed between each electromagnet and each permanent magnet. That is, six segments are formed along the length of the flexible tube 125.

[0120] The six electromagnets, from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102, are named Electromagnet One, Electromagnet Two, Electromagnet Three, Electromagnet Four, Electromagnet Five, and Electromagnet Six, respectively. Electromagnet One is positioned near the liquid suction core 105 on the condensation side 101, and Electromagnet Six is ​​positioned near the liquid suction core 105 on the evaporation side 102. Electromagnet One corresponds to the first section, Electromagnet Two to the second section, Electromagnet Three to the third section, Electromagnet Four to the fourth section, Electromagnet Five to the fifth section, and Electromagnet Six to the sixth section.

[0121] At time t1, electromagnet one and its corresponding permanent magnet exert a repulsive force, as do electromagnet four and its corresponding permanent magnet, thus opening the liquid working fluid channels in the first and fourth sections. Electromagnet two and its corresponding permanent magnet exert an attractive force, as do electromagnet three, electromagnet five, and electromagnet six. Electromagnet six and its corresponding permanent magnet exert an attractive force, thus closing the liquid working fluid channels in the second, third, fifth, and sixth sections. Therefore, liquid working fluid 112 concentrates in the first and fourth sections. At time t2, electromagnet two and its corresponding permanent magnet exert a repulsive force, as do electromagnet five and its corresponding permanent magnet, thus opening the liquid working fluid channels in the second and fifth sections. Electromagnet one and its corresponding permanent magnet exert an attractive force, as do electromagnet three and its corresponding permanent magnet. There is an attractive force between magnet four and its corresponding permanent magnet, and between electromagnet six and its corresponding permanent magnet. The liquid working fluid channels in the first, third, fourth, and sixth sections are closed. At this time, liquid working fluid 112 moves one section to the right to the second and fifth sections. At time t3, there is an attractive force between electromagnet three and its corresponding permanent magnet, and between electromagnet six and its corresponding permanent magnet. The liquid working fluid channels in the third and sixth sections are opened. There is an attractive force between electromagnet one and its corresponding permanent magnet, between electromagnet two and its corresponding permanent magnet, between electromagnet four and its corresponding permanent magnet, and between electromagnet five and its corresponding permanent magnet. The liquid working fluid channels in the first, second, fourth, and fifth sections are closed. At this time, liquid working fluid 112 moves one more section to the right to the third and sixth sections.

[0122] The liquid working fluid 112 moves to the sixth section within the liquid working fluid channel due to traction. Due to capillary action, it is adsorbed into the wick 105 of the evaporation side 102 and vaporizes under the action of the external heat source 3. The gaseous working fluid 111 returns to the condensation side 101 through the gaseous working fluid channel. The condensed liquid working fluid 112 is adsorbed into the wick 105 of the condensation side 101. Under the action of the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262, the action at times t1 to t3 is repeated to ensure that the phase change cycle continues. The thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the open state. When the charging of the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 is stopped, the phase change cycle stops and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0123] It is particularly noteworthy that by adjusting the polarity switching speed of the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261, the peristalsis speed of the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium channel can be changed, thereby changing the speed of the phase change cycle, and ultimately controlling the thermal conductivity of the thermal switch heat pipe 1, thus realizing the electrical signal analog regulation of the thermal conductivity.

[0124] It should be noted that the number of electromagnets and permanent magnets, as well as the alternating pattern of electromagnets, are not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0125] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the electro-fluid control assembly 12 includes a second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127, a sliding body 128, a squeezing element 129, and a power source 130.

[0126] The sliding body 128 has a guide surface 1281 on the side facing the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127, and the extruder 129 is disposed on the guide surface 1281. The power source 130 is connected to the extruder 129. Under the drive of the power source 130, the extruder 129 can move relative to the guide surface 1281 to extrude the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127, thereby adjusting the flow state of the liquid working medium 112 in the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127.

[0127] It should be noted that the inner wall of the sliding body 128 forms a gaseous working medium channel, and the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 serves as a liquid working medium channel. The two opposite ends of the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 are in contact with the condensation side 101 and the evaporation side 102, respectively. The second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 is provided with a hollow cavity, and the sliding body 128 is disposed in the hollow cavity. The side of the sliding body 128 facing the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 is provided with an inclined guide surface 1281. The guide surface 1281 and the inner wall of the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 form a variable cross-section movable space, and the extruder 129 is located in the movable space.

[0128] Alternatively, a gaseous working fluid channel can be formed between the outer wall of the sliding body 128 and the inner wall of the shell, with the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 serving as the liquid working fluid channel. The opposite ends of the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 are in contact with the condensation side 101 and the evaporation side 102, respectively. The sliding body 128 is sleeved around the periphery of the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127. An inclined guide surface 1281 is provided on the side of the sliding body 128 facing the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127. The guide surface 1281 and the inner wall of the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 form a variable cross-section movable space, with the extruder 129 located within this movable space. Multiple extruders 129 can be arranged around the periphery of the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127.

[0129] The extruder 129 has a first position and a second position relative to the guide surface 1281. When the extruder 129 is in the first position, the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 is in a naturally relaxed state, and the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 has a good liquid working fluid transfer capability at this time. When the extruder 129 is in the second position, the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 is in a squeezed and contracted state, and the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 has a poor liquid working fluid transfer capability at this time, and the capillary force is weakened.

[0130] For example, the power source 130 includes a driving element 1301 and a magnetic body 1302. The power source 130 is located on the side of the slider 128 away from the guide surface 1281. The extrusion element 129 is made of magnetic material. The magnetic body 1302 can drive the extrusion element 129 to move along the length direction of the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127. The driving element 1301 can be a motor screw, cylinder, etc., and is not specifically limited here.

[0131] Specifically, when the magnetic body 1302 moves the extruder 129 to the first position, the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 is in a naturally relaxed state, and at this time, the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 has a good liquid working fluid transfer capability; when the magnetic body 1302 moves the extruder 129 to the second position, the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 is in a compressed state, and at this time, the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 has a poor liquid working fluid transfer capability and the capillary force is weakened.

[0132] It should be noted that the power source 130 can also be an electro-deformable component, such as a shape memory alloy. For example, one end of the shape memory alloy is connected to the guide surface 1281, and the other end is connected to the extruder 129. When the shape memory alloy is in an elongated state, it can provide a thrust to the extruder 129, at which time the extruder 129 can move from the first position to the second position; when the shape memory alloy is in a shortened state, it can provide a tension to the extruder 129, at which time the extruder 129 can move from the second position to the first position.

[0133] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 15 As shown, the housing 10 includes a liquid flow path 106; a gaseous working medium channel is formed inside the housing 10, and the liquid flow path 106 and the gaseous working medium channel form a loop, and the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12 is disposed in the liquid flow path 106.

[0134] The liquid flow path 106 is connected to the evaporation side and the condensation side at opposite ends. The electronically controlled fluid component 12 drives the liquid working fluid 112 to flow from the condensation side to the evaporation side, thereby realizing a complete phase change cycle and keeping the thermal switch heat pipe 1 in the open state. When the electronically controlled fluid component stops working, the phase change cycle no longer continues and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0135] Alternatively, when the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12 stops working, the liquid working fluid 112 can flow from the condensation side to the evaporation side, thereby realizing a complete phase change cycle, so that the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the open state; when the electronically controlled fluid assembly is working, the phase change cycle no longer continues, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0136] For example, when the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12 is turned on, it can drive the liquid working medium 112 to flow from the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102. The liquid working medium 112 absorbs heat energy from the heat source 3 and vaporizes to form a gaseous working medium 111. The gaseous working medium 111 can flow along the gaseous working medium channel to the condensation side 101, liquefy and release heat, and transfer the heat to the radiator 2 connected thereto. The liquid working medium 112 located on the condensation side 101 enters the liquid flow path 106 under the drive of the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12 and flows to the evaporation side 102 again, thereby realizing a phase change cycle. When the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12 is turned off, the liquid working medium 112 stops flowing, and the phase change cycle stops.

[0137] It should be noted that the electronically controlled fluid assembly 12 can be a peristaltic pump, a piston pump, a valve, etc. By adjusting the power of the peristaltic pump, piston pump, etc., the speed of liquid flow can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the thermal conductivity of the thermal switch heat pipe 1.

[0138] Furthermore, the electro-fluid control assembly 12 in this embodiment may also include a vibrator 1221 and an electromechanical vibrator 1222. The vibrator 1221 is disposed in the liquid flow path 106 and has a first side and a second side facing away from each other. The electromechanical vibrator 1222 is disposed on the first side, and the vibrator 1221 has a second through hole 12211. When the electromechanical vibrator 1222 is energized, it can vibrate to transport the liquid working fluid 112 located on the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102 through the second through hole 12211. The second side of the vibrator 1221 abuts against the liquid suction core 105.

[0139] Furthermore, the electro-fluid assembly 12 in this embodiment of the invention may also include a cavity 1223 and a heating element 1224. The cavity 1223 is disposed in the liquid flow path 106, and the heating element 1224 is disposed in the cavity 1223. When the heating element 1224 is in a heating state, the liquid working fluid 112 located on the condensation side 101 can be transported to the evaporation side 102 through the cavity 1223.

[0140] In addition, the electro-fluidized component 12 in this embodiment of the invention may also include a first flexible liquid-absorbing core and a control mechanism. The control mechanism is disposed in the liquid flow path 106 and has an adjustable installation space. The first flexible liquid-absorbing core is disposed in the installation space and its size can change with the change of the installation space.

[0141] In addition, the electro-fluid assembly 12 in this embodiment of the invention may also include an infusion channel 123 and a plurality of electro-wetting drive mechanisms 124. The infusion channel 123 is disposed in the liquid flow path 106, and the plurality of electro-wetting drive mechanisms 124 are arranged sequentially along the length direction of the infusion channel 123. The infusion channel 123 includes a first infusion channel 1231 and a second infusion channel 1232. The first infusion channel 1231 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second infusion channel 1232. A liquid working medium channel is formed between the inner wall of the first infusion channel 1231 and the outer wall of the second infusion channel 1232. A baffle is provided on the inner wall of the second infusion channel 1232. Each electrowetting drive mechanism 124 includes a first electrowetting drive unit 1241 and a second electrowetting drive unit 1242. The first electrowetting drive unit 1241 is arranged around the outer wall of the first infusion channel 1231, and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242 is arranged around the inner wall of the second infusion channel 1232. The first electrowetting drive unit 1241 and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242 are arranged opposite to each other. Under the interaction of the first electrowetting drive unit 1241 and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242, the flow state of the liquid working medium 112 in the liquid working medium channel can be adjusted. For example, the first electrowetting drive unit 1241 is the drive electrode, and the second electrowetting drive unit 1242 is the zero electrode.

[0142] In addition, the electro-fluid assembly 12 in this embodiment of the invention may also include a flexible tube 125 and a plurality of electromagnetic peristalsis adjustment mechanisms 126. The flexible tube 125 is disposed in the liquid flow path 106, and the plurality of electromagnetic peristalsis adjustment mechanisms 126 are arranged sequentially along the length direction of the flexible tube 125. The flexible tube 125 may include a first flexible tube 1251 and a second flexible tube 1252. The first flexible tube 1251 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second flexible tube 1252. A liquid working medium channel is formed between the inner wall of the first flexible tube 1251 and the outer wall of the second flexible tube 1252. A flexible baffle is provided on the inner wall of the second flexible tube 1252. Each electromagnetic peristalsis regulating mechanism 126 includes a first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and a second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262. The first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 is arranged around the outer wall of the first flexible tube 1251, and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262 is arranged around the inner wall of the second flexible tube 1252. The first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262 are arranged opposite to each other. Under the interaction of the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit 1262, the deformation of the liquid working medium channel can be controlled. For example, one of the first electromagnetic creep adjustment unit 1261 and the second electromagnetic creep adjustment unit 1262 may be an electromagnet and the other may be a permanent magnet.

[0143] Furthermore, the electro-fluid control assembly 12 in this embodiment may also include a second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127, a sliding body 128, a squeezing member 129, and a power source 130. The sliding body 128 has a guide surface 1281 on the side facing the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127, the squeezing member 129 is disposed on the guide surface 1281, and the power source 130 is connected to the squeezing member 129. Driven by the power source 130, the squeezing member 129 can move relative to the guide surface 1281 to squeeze the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127, thereby adjusting the flow state of the liquid working fluid 112 within the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127. For example, the outer wall of the sliding body 128 is attached to the inner wall of the liquid flow path 106. The second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 serves as a liquid working medium channel. The opposite ends of the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 are in contact with the condensation side 101 and the evaporation side 102, respectively. The sliding body 128 is sleeved on the periphery of the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127. The side of the sliding body 128 facing the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 is provided with an inclined guide surface 1281. The guide surface 1281 and the inner wall of the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127 form a variable cross-section movable space. The extrusion member 129 is located within the movable space. There can be multiple extrusion members 129, which are arranged around the periphery of the second flexible liquid-absorbing core 127.

[0144] In an optional embodiment, the thermal switch heat pipe 1 further includes a liquid absorber 105. The housing 10 has an opposing evaporation side 102 and a condensation side 101. At least one of the evaporation side 102 and the condensation side 101 is provided with a liquid absorber 105. When the condensation side 101 is provided with a liquid absorber 105, the electronically controlled fluid unit 122 abuts against at least a portion of the liquid absorber 105.

[0145] The wick 105 typically has a loose, rough structure; for example, it can be a mesh, filament, or powder structure. The wick 105 can be detachably mounted to the inner wall of the evaporation side 102 or the inner wall of the condensation side 101; alternatively, the capillary structure can be fabricated by in-situ growth on the inner walls of the evaporation side 102 and the condensation side 101. For example, the capillary structure can be grown by laser ablation, thermoplastic molding, etching, or 3D printing.

[0146] In an optional embodiment, the electro-fluid unit 122 includes a vibrating plate 1221 and an electromechanical vibrator 1222. The vibrating plate 1221 is disposed on the inner wall of the housing 10 and has a first side and a second side facing away from each other. The electromechanical vibrator 1222 is disposed on at least one of the first side and the second side. The vibrating plate 1221 is provided with a third through hole. When the electromechanical vibrator 1222 is powered on, the vibrating plate 1221 can vibrate to transport the liquid working fluid 112 located on the condensation side 101 to the evaporation side 102 through a portion of the third through hole. The gaseous working fluid 111 on the evaporation side 102 can spontaneously move to the condensation side 101 through another portion of the third through hole.

[0147] The shell 10 can be flat, cuboid or cylindrical, and the side of the shell 10 in contact with the heat source 3 and the side of the shell 10 in contact with the radiator 2 have good thermal conductivity.

[0148] For example, the first side is provided with an annular electromechanical vibrator 1222, and the third through hole can be a circular hole. The central axis of the third through hole coincides with the central axis of the electromechanical vibrator 1222. The condensation side 101 is provided with a liquid-absorbing core 105, and the second side of the vibrator 1221 abuts against the liquid-absorbing core 105. Among them, a part of the third through hole corresponds to the liquid-absorbing core 105 and serves as a liquid working medium channel, and another part of the third through hole is located at the edge of the vibrator 1221 and serves as a gaseous working medium channel.

[0149] It should be noted that the electromechanical oscillator 1222 can undergo mechanical deformation with changes in voltage and frequency, and drive the vibrator 1221 to vibrate. As a result, the liquid working fluid 112 can reach the evaporation side 102 from the condensation side 101 through the third through hole.

[0150] Specifically, a continuous pulse voltage drives the electromechanical oscillator 1222 to vibrate the oscillator plate 1221. Under the vibration of the oscillator plate 1221, the liquid working fluid 112 on the condensing side 101 is continuously sprayed from a portion of the third through-hole to the evaporating side 102. The liquid working fluid 112 absorbs heat and vaporizes upon reaching the evaporating side 102, and then flows back to the condensing side 101 through another portion of the third through-hole. The condensed liquid working fluid 112 flows into the wick 105 for storage due to capillary action, and is continuously sprayed towards the evaporating side 102 under vibration. Thus, the phase change cycle continues to operate, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the open state. When the pulse driving voltage completely stops, the electro-fluid control unit 122 can no longer drive the liquid working fluid 112 on the condensing side 101 to be transferred to the evaporating side 102, the phase change cycle stops, and the thermal switch heat pipe 1 is in the closed state.

[0151] In addition, such as Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including the above-described thermal switch heat pipe 1.

[0152] The housing 10 has a first side and a second side. The first side can be used as a condenser side 101 and the second side can be used as an evaporator side 102. The condenser side 101 can be connected to the heat sink 2 and the evaporator side 102 can be connected to the heat source 3. The heat source 3 can be a functional device in an electronic device.

[0153] The electronic devices included in this invention include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, PDAs, vehicle terminals, and wearable devices. This invention does not specifically limit the type of electronic device.

[0154] Specifically, since the electronic device includes the thermal switch heat pipe 1 as described above, and the specific structure of the thermal switch heat pipe 1 refers to the above embodiment, the electronic device component shown in this embodiment includes all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and therefore has at least all the beneficial effects obtained by all the above technical solutions, which will not be repeated here.

[0155] In an optional embodiment, when the area or control power of a single thermal switch heat pipe 1 is insufficient, multiple thermal switch heat pipes 1 can be used to form an array. They can be connected in parallel, in series, or controlled independently, thereby enabling complex multi-point temperature control of the controlled object.

[0156] In optional embodiments, the thermal switch heat pipe 1 can also form a closed-loop control system with a temperature sensor, heater, controller, etc., to achieve rapid heating and cooling control of the controlled object with a fast response speed. For example, the temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the controlled object. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the heater and the thermal switch heat pipe 1. The controller controls the operation of the heater and / or the thermal switch heat pipe 1 according to the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor.

[0157] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal switch heat pipe, characterized in that, include: Housing, working medium, and electro-fluid control components; The working medium is disposed in the shell, and the working medium can vaporize when heated and condense into a liquid working fluid when cooled; the electrically controlled fluid assembly is disposed in the shell, and can actively transport the liquid working fluid using electricity, thereby controlling the phase change rate and thus controlling the thermal conductivity.

2. The thermal switch heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electro-fluid assembly includes a support member and an electro-fluid unit. The support member is disposed on the housing and has a first through hole. The electro-fluid unit is disposed on the support member. The housing has an evaporation side and a condensation side. The electro-hydraulic unit can transport the liquid working fluid located on the condensation side to the evaporation side under electric drive. The gaseous working fluid on the evaporation side can spontaneously move through the first through hole to the condensation side.

3. The heat pipe with thermal switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The housing includes a first housing and a second housing, which together form a gas-liquid channel, and the support member is sandwiched between the first housing and the second housing; or... The periphery of the support member is connected to the inner wall of the housing; or, The support member is located inside the housing, and the electro-fluid control unit is located on the periphery of the support member.

4. The thermal switch heat pipe according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that, The electro-hydraulic unit includes a vibrating plate and an electromechanical vibrator. The support member is provided with a mounting position. The vibrating plate is located at the mounting position. The vibrating plate has a first side and a second side facing away from each other. At least one of the first side and the second side is provided with the electromechanical vibrator. The vibrating plate is provided with at least one second through hole. When the electromechanical vibrator is powered on, the vibrating plate can vibrate to transport the liquid working fluid located on the condensation side to the evaporation side through the second through hole.

5. The thermal switch heat pipe according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that, The electro-hydraulic unit includes a cavity and a heating element. The support has a mounting position, the cavity is located at the mounting position, and the heating element is located in the cavity. When a pulse current is applied to the heating element, the liquid working fluid located in the cavity can be sprayed to the evaporation side. When the pulse current is disconnected from the heating element, the liquid working fluid located on the condensation side can be drawn into the cavity by surface tension.

6. The heat pipe with thermal switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity. The first cavity is provided with a liquid inlet, and the second cavity is provided with a liquid outlet. The liquid inlet is opposite to the condensation side, and the liquid outlet is opposite to the evaporation side. The flow resistance of the liquid outlet is less than the flow resistance at the junction of the second cavity and the first cavity. The heating element is disposed in the second cavity.

7. The thermal switch heat pipe according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that, The electro-hydraulic unit includes a first flexible liquid-absorbing core and a control mechanism. The support member has a mounting position, the control mechanism is located at the mounting position, and the control mechanism forms an adjustable mounting space. The first flexible liquid-absorbing core is located in the mounting space, and the size of the first flexible liquid-absorbing core can change with the change of the mounting space.

8. The thermal switch heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electro-fluid assembly includes a liquid delivery channel and multiple electro-wetting drive mechanisms. The liquid delivery channel is disposed inside the housing, and the multiple electro-wetting drive mechanisms are arranged sequentially along the length of the liquid delivery channel. The infusion channel includes a first infusion channel and a second infusion channel. The first infusion channel is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second infusion channel. A liquid working medium channel is formed between the inner wall of the first infusion channel and the outer wall of the second infusion channel, and a gaseous working medium channel is formed between the inner wall of the second infusion channel. Each of the electrowetting drive mechanisms includes a first electrowetting drive unit and a second electrowetting drive unit. The first electrowetting drive unit is arranged around the outer wall of the first infusion channel, and the second electrowetting drive unit is arranged around the inner wall of the second infusion channel. The first electrowetting drive unit and the second electrowetting drive unit are arranged opposite to each other. Under the interaction of the first electrowetting drive unit and the second electrowetting drive unit, the flow state of the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium channel can be adjusted.

9. The thermal switch heat pipe according to claim 8, characterized in that, One of the first electrowetting drive unit and the second electrowetting drive unit is a drive electrode, and the other is a zero electrode.

10. The thermal switch heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electro-fluid assembly includes a flexible tube and multiple electromagnetic peristalsis regulating mechanisms. The flexible tube is disposed inside the housing, and the multiple electromagnetic peristalsis regulating mechanisms are arranged sequentially along the length of the flexible tube. The flexible tube forms a liquid working medium channel inside and a gaseous working medium channel between the outer periphery of the flexible tube and the inner wall of the shell. Each electromagnetic peristalsis regulating mechanism includes a first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit and a second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit. The first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit is arranged around the outer wall of the flexible tube, and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit is arranged around the inner wall of the flexible tube. The first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit are arranged opposite to each other. Under the interaction of the first electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit and the second electromagnetic peristalsis regulating unit, the deformation of the liquid working medium channel can be controlled.

11. The thermal switch heat pipe according to claim 10, characterized in that, One of the first electromagnetic creep regulating unit and the second electromagnetic creep regulating unit is an electromagnet, and the other is a permanent magnet.

12. The thermal switch heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electro-fluid control assembly includes a second flexible liquid suction core, a slider, a squeezing component, and a power source; The sliding body has a guide surface on the side facing the second flexible liquid-absorbing core, the extrusion member is disposed on the guide surface, and the power source is connected to the extrusion member; Driven by the power source, the extruder can move relative to the guide surface to extrude the second flexible liquid-absorbing core, thereby adjusting the flow state of the liquid working fluid in the second flexible liquid-absorbing core.

13. The thermal switch heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes a liquid flow path; A gaseous working fluid channel is formed inside the housing, and the liquid flow path forms a loop with the gaseous working fluid channel. The electronically controlled fluid assembly is located in the liquid flow path.

14. The heat pipe with thermal switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal switch heat pipe also includes a liquid absorber. The housing has an opposing evaporation side and a condensation side. At least one of the evaporation side and the condensation side is provided with the liquid absorber. When the liquid absorber is provided on the condensation side, at least a portion of the electronically controlled fluid assembly abuts against the liquid absorber.

15. The thermal switch heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electro-fluid assembly includes a vibrating plate and an electromechanical vibrator. The vibrating plate is disposed on the inner wall of the housing. The vibrating plate has a first side and a second side facing away from each other. At least one of the first side and the second side is provided with the electromechanical vibrator. The vibrating plate is provided with a third through hole. When the electromechanical vibrator is energized, the vibrating plate can vibrate to transport the liquid working fluid located on the condensation side to the evaporation side through a portion of the third through hole, and the gaseous working fluid on the evaporation side can spontaneously move to the condensation side through another portion of the third through hole.

16. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the thermal switch heat pipe as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

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