Modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device and preparation method of cold storage material of modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device and a cold storage material preparation method thereof.The cold storage device comprises multiple independent cavities, a phase change cold storage material, a heat insulation shell and a cold source pipeline, the multiple independent cavities are distributed side by side and sequentially arranged on one side of the cold source pipeline at certain intervals, and the phase change cold storage material is arranged in the heat insulation shell; the phase change cold storage material is packaged in the independent cavities, the heat insulation shell wraps all the independent cavities and the cold source pipeline, through holes are formed in the left side and the right side of the heat insulation shell respectively and used for input and output of the cold source pipeline, and the phase change cold storage material is composed of sodium sulfate decahydrate, ammonium chloride and carboxymethyl cellulose. According to the device, a plurality of independent sealed cavities are adopted, filling materials of the cavities are accurately regulated and controlled to have specific and different phase change temperatures, and the cavities form temperature steps in the device; and cascade storage and accurate release according to needs are achieved, extremely high multi-scene adaptability is achieved, and cold sources and application scenes with different temperature requirements can be efficiently matched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage and management technology, and in particular to a modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device and a method for preparing cold storage materials. Background Technology

[0002] With the transformation of energy consumption structure and the increasing demand for refined energy use, the mismatch between supply and demand of cooling capacity in residential life, agricultural production, and industrial refrigeration is becoming increasingly prominent. This is not only reflected in the peak-valley differences in cooling time, but also more significantly in the mismatch between the temperature quality of the cooling source and the cooling terminal. For example, natural cooling sources (such as nighttime air and cooling water) usually have fluctuating temperature curves, while application scenarios such as data centers, cold chain logistics, and comfort air conditioning have extremely high requirements for the stability and accuracy of cooling temperature. Traditional single-stage cold storage devices often can only operate near a fixed temperature point, making it difficult to efficiently capture the "full-grade" cooling energy of cooling sources with temperature gradients, and also unable to flexibly output multiple levels of cooling capacity to meet dynamic and multi-temperature zone cooling needs, resulting in low overall energy efficiency and limited application scenarios.

[0003] Sodium sulfate decahydrate ( Sodium sulfate decahydrate (NSS) is a typical inorganic hydrated salt phase change material. Due to its suitable phase change temperature, high latent heat, and low cost, it is considered one of the core technologies for addressing the aforementioned cold storage needs. However, the inherent defects of NSS, such as significant supercooling, severe phase separation, poor cycle stability, and poor formability, severely restrict its widespread application in practical engineering. A deeper technical bottleneck lies in the fact that existing research mainly focuses on modifying the material itself (such as adding nucleating agents and thickeners). While this can partially improve the aforementioned defects, it still belongs to "material-level" optimization. The key to truly realizing the application of cold storage technology lies in achieving a leap from "material performance" to "system function." Most common cold storage devices or systems on the market today have fixed structures and single operating temperature points, making it impossible to intelligently regulate and cascade the recovery of cold sources with temperature fluctuations. It is also difficult to modularly organize and precisely release cold energy according to the complex and dynamic cooling demands of the end user. This lack of system-level control capability makes it difficult to construct efficient, flexible, and intelligent cold storage solutions even with improved phase change materials.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for systematic and collaborative innovation from materials to equipment: not only is it necessary to overcome the inherent defects of sodium sulfate decahydrate, but also to innovate the structural design of cold storage devices and create a new type of cold storage device that can integrate multi-temperature zone phase change units and achieve wide-range tiered storage and precise on-demand release of cold capacity through modular combination. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device and a method for preparing the cold storage material thereon. The cold storage device uses multiple independent sealed cavities, each of which is encapsulated with a sodium sulfate decahydrate-based phase change cold storage material that has been synergistically modified with ammonium chloride and carboxymethyl cellulose. The filling material of each cavity is precisely controlled to a specific and different phase change temperature, and these cavities form a temperature gradient within the device. This achieves "tiered storage" and "precise release on demand," and has strong adaptability to multiple scenarios, enabling efficient matching of cold sources and application scenarios with different temperature requirements.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0007] A modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device includes independent cavities, phase change cold storage material, an insulating shell, and cold source pipes. There are multiple independent cavities arranged side by side and sequentially arranged on one side of the cold source pipes at certain intervals. The phase change cold storage material is encapsulated in the independent cavities. The insulating shell covers all independent cavities and the cold source pipes. Through holes are opened on the left and right sides of the insulating shell, with one through hole for the input of the cold source pipes and the other through hole for the output of the cold source pipes.

[0008] As a further description of the present invention, the phase change cold storage material in each independent cavity is a sodium sulfate decahydrate-based phase change cold storage material with different formulations. The phase change temperature of the material in each cavity is precisely controlled to a specific and different phase change temperature, forming a temperature gradient within the device.

[0009] As a further description of the present invention, the phase change cold storage material is composed of sodium sulfate decahydrate, ammonium chloride and carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0010] As a further description of the present invention, the ammonium chloride serves as an inorganic nucleating agent, providing heterogeneous nucleation sites for the crystallization process of sodium sulfate decahydrate.

[0011] As a further description of the present invention, the carboxymethyl cellulose, as a composite stabilizer, forms a three-dimensional network structure, thereby achieving the triple functions of inhibiting phase separation, enhancing mechanical properties, and regulating the rate and duration of cold release.

[0012] As a further description of the present invention, the independent cavity may be constructed as a plate-shaped, capsule-shaped, patch-shaped, or block-shaped module.

[0013] As a further description of the invention, the individual cavities are assembled in a detachable or fixed manner within the insulating shell.

[0014] As a further description of the present invention, the method for manufacturing the phase change cold storage material is as follows:

[0015] S1: Add the measured amount of sodium sulfate decahydrate to a constant temperature reaction vessel, heat to the preset temperature and stir until completely melted to obtain molten sodium sulfate decahydrate solution A;

[0016] S2: Keep the temperature of the reactor stable, add a preset proportion of ammonium chloride to the molten sodium sulfate decahydrate solution A, and use the set speed and stirring time to make the mixture evenly dispersed to obtain molten mixture B;

[0017] S3: At a certain ambient temperature, add a measured amount of carboxymethyl cellulose to deionized water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain carboxymethyl cellulose solution C;

[0018] S4: Keep the reactor temperature stable, slowly drip carboxymethyl cellulose solution C into the molten mixture A, maintaining a stable temperature and stirring at a uniform speed to ensure thorough mixing of all components. After natural cooling to room temperature, solid sodium sulfate decahydrate phase change cold storage material D is obtained.

[0019] As a further description of the present invention, both the stirring speed and the stirring time can be adjusted.

[0020] As a further description of the present invention, different phase change temperatures of cold storage materials are obtained by setting different metering standards for sodium sulfate decahydrate, ammonium chloride, and carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] This invention discloses a modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device. Each independent cavity utilizes the latent heat of phase change of the cold storage material for cold storage, fully utilizing the sensible heat of both the solid and liquid states. The multi-temperature gradient design enables the device to maintain high energy storage density over a wider operating temperature range.

[0023] This invention discloses a modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device. During the cold release process, different cavities with different phase change temperatures can be selectively or sequentially activated according to actual needs, thereby achieving precise control of the temperature and power of the output cold energy and flexibly matching diverse scenario requirements.

[0024] This invention discloses a modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device. The materials of each cavity are made of carboxymethyl cellulose network structure, which effectively solves the problems of supercooling and phase separation, ensures the stable performance of each cold storage unit in long-term cycling, and thus guarantees the long-term and reliable operation of the entire cascade cold storage system.

[0025] This invention provides a modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device. The independent cavities in the device are designed to be detachable or fixed. In practical applications, the number and combination of different temperature cavities can be flexibly configured according to the requirements of total cold storage capacity, target temperature range, etc., making it easy to adapt to various application scales from household appliances to large industrial systems. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for preparing the cold storage material for a modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device proposed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram illustrating the workflow of a modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device proposed in this invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the seventh embodiment of a modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device proposed in this invention.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 1-Independent cavity;

[0032] 2-Insulated outer shell;

[0033] 3-Cold source piping. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0037] This invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of this invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not adhering to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. In actual fabrication, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0038] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," or "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; similarly, they can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, or direct connections, or indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figures 1-4 As shown, it illustrates a specific embodiment of the present invention:

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] A modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device is characterized by comprising independent cavities 1, phase change cold storage material, an insulating shell 2, and a cold source pipe 3. Multiple independent cavities 1 are arranged side-by-side and sequentially positioned on one side of the cold source pipe 3 at certain intervals. The phase change cold storage material is encapsulated within the independent cavities 1. The insulating shell 2 encloses all independent cavities 1 and the cold source pipe 3. Through holes are opened on both the left and right sides of the insulating shell 2, with one through hole for the input of the cold source pipe 3 and the other through hole for the output of the cold source pipe 3.

[0043] Specifically, the phase change storage material in each independent cavity 1 is a sodium sulfate decahydrate-based phase change storage material with different formulations. The phase change temperature of the material in each cavity is precisely controlled to a specific and different phase change temperature, forming a temperature gradient within the device.

[0044] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, this cold storage device achieves "tiered storage" and "precise release on demand" of cold energy, and can efficiently match cold sources or application scenarios with different temperature requirements.

[0045] Firstly, the device has a tiered cold storage function. By encapsulating the phase change cold storage materials with different melting points in different independent cavities 1, each cavity is regarded as an independent cold storage unit. When an external cold source (such as cold air at night or cold water from off-peak electricity) flows through the device, different cavities will undergo solidification phase change in sequence according to the phase change temperature of their filling materials to store cold. That is, the cavity with a higher phase change temperature will solidify and store cold first, while the cavity with a lower phase change temperature will solidify and store cold later, thereby realizing the tiered and layered storage of cold energy. The cold storage process of the device also realizes the maximum extraction and layered storage of the "cold energy" of the cold source, which significantly improves the cold storage efficiency.

[0046] Secondly, the device also features on-demand cooling. By designing the phase change temperature sequence of the cavity materials to match the needs of different cold sources, it selectively or sequentially activates one or more cavities within a specific phase change temperature range to release cooling capacity. This efficiently matches cold sources with temperature fluctuations or gradients (such as natural cooling air, return water at different stages, etc.), maximizing the utilization of the cold energy of the cold source and thus improving overall cooling efficiency. For example, multiple cavities can be activated simultaneously when rapid cooling is required; when maintaining a precise temperature is needed, the cavity with the phase change temperature that best matches it can be primarily activated. This on-demand configuration method enables precise and flexible control of the output cooling capacity temperature and power.

[0047] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 The diagram shows the workflow of this modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device. The device encapsulates phase change cold storage materials with different melting points in different independent cavities. An external cold source flows through the device. When there is a surplus of cold source outside, the device enters the cold storage stage. At this time, each cavity undergoes a solidification phase change in sequence according to the phase change temperature of its filling material to store cold, realizing the tiered and layered storage of cold capacity. When there is a cold demand in the external environment, the device enters the cold release stage. According to the actual cold demand, it intelligently selects one or more cavities with specific phase change temperatures to release cold, thereby achieving precise and flexible cooling.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] Specifically, the phase change cold storage material is composed of sodium sulfate decahydrate, ammonium chloride, and carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0050] In this embodiment, the phase change cold storage material releases cold precisely within the target cold storage temperature range and maintains stable cold storage performance after multiple phase change cycles.

[0051] Specifically, the ammonium chloride acts as an inorganic nucleating agent, providing heterogeneous nucleation sites for the crystallization process of sodium sulfate decahydrate.

[0052] In this embodiment, ammonium chloride, as an inorganic nucleating agent, provides heterogeneous nuclei for the crystallization process of sodium sulfate decahydrate, enabling the material to initiate phase change in a timely manner within the target cold storage temperature range, solving the problem of delayed cold release, and achieving precise cold release. Compared with traditional organic nucleating agents, ammonium chloride has lower cost, higher nucleation efficiency, and excellent compatibility with sodium sulfate decahydrate, with no risk of secondary pollution.

[0053] Specifically, the carboxymethyl cellulose acts as a composite stabilizer, forming a three-dimensional network structure to achieve the triple functions of inhibiting phase separation, enhancing mechanical properties, and regulating the rate and duration of cold release.

[0054] In this embodiment, carboxymethyl cellulose, as a composite stabilizer, forms a three-dimensional network structure through the cross-linking of molecular chains, achieving three core functions: First, it binds the water and salt in sodium sulfate decahydrate, fundamentally inhibiting phase separation in the phase change cycle and ensuring the long-term cold storage stability of the material; second, it significantly improves the mechanical properties of the material, preventing solid-state cracking and liquid leakage, laying the foundation for diversified processing and facilitating adaptation to multiple scenarios; third, by adjusting its addition ratio, it changes the density of the network structure, regulates ion diffusion and crystallization kinetics, and achieves a wide range of adjustable cooling rates (0.5-5 J / (g·h)) and cold storage durations (24h-15 days), meeting the air conditioning control requirements of different scenarios.

[0055] Example 3:

[0056] Specifically, the independent cavity 1 can be constructed as a plate-shaped, capsule-shaped, patch-shaped, or block-shaped module.

[0057] In this embodiment, in the residential sector, the cold storage material is processed into cold storage plates or bags for use in refrigerators, medical supplies, or small-scale indoor cooling; in the agricultural sector, the cold storage material is processed into cold storage capsules or plates for use in cold chain transportation of fresh produce or in greenhouses for summer temperature control; in the air conditioning system sector, the cold storage material is filled into cold water tanks for use in storing cold at night and releasing cold during peak hours in the daytime, achieving peak-shifting and valley-filling; in the transformer heat dissipation sector, the cold storage material is processed into mobile heat storage cabinets that fit against the outer surface of the transformer to achieve directional cold storage and heat dissipation.

[0058] Specifically, each of the independent cavities 1 is assembled in a detachable or fixed manner within the heat-insulating shell.

[0059] In this embodiment, the use of independent cavities of different shapes can adapt to the spatial structure requirements of different scenarios. Furthermore, by employing either detachable or fixed assembly methods within the insulating shell, each independent cavity can be flexibly utilized during actual use to adapt to a wider range of application scenarios.

[0060] Example 4:

[0061] The method for fabricating phase change storage materials in modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage is as follows:

[0062] S1: Add the measured amount of sodium sulfate decahydrate to a constant temperature reaction vessel, heat to the preset temperature and stir until completely melted to obtain a molten sodium sulfate decahydrate solution A.

[0063] S2: Keep the temperature of the reactor stable, add a preset proportion of ammonium chloride to the molten sodium sulfate decahydrate solution A, and use the set speed and stirring time to make the mixture evenly dispersed to obtain molten mixture B.

[0064] S3: At a certain ambient temperature, add a measured amount of carboxymethyl cellulose to deionized water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain carboxymethyl cellulose solution C.

[0065] S4: Keep the reactor temperature stable, slowly drip carboxymethyl cellulose solution C into the molten mixture A, maintaining a stable temperature and stirring at a uniform speed to ensure thorough mixing of all components. After natural cooling to room temperature, solid sodium sulfate decahydrate phase change cold storage material D is obtained.

[0066] Specifically, both the stirring speed and the stirring time can be adjusted.

[0067] Specifically, different phase change temperatures of cold storage materials were obtained by setting different measurement standards for sodium sulfate decahydrate, ammonium chloride, and carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0068] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 The diagram shows the preparation process of phase change cold storage material. The preparation process uses sodium sulfate decahydrate, ammonium chloride, and carboxymethyl cellulose as raw materials. In practice, cold storage materials with different phase change temperatures are obtained by adjusting the proportion of each raw material. The preparation process of this phase change material has certain requirements for stirring speed and stirring time as variables. During the preparation process of the cold storage material, it is possible to set different phase change temperatures to obtain cold storage materials suitable for more different applications.

[0069] Example 5:

[0070] Based on the above embodiments, a practical application is carried out. In this embodiment, the cold storage device is used in a cascade cold storage device for precision air conditioning in data centers, mainly for peak shifting and valley filling in data center air conditioning systems.

[0071] In this embodiment, a cold storage device consisting of three independent cavities is designed. Cavities A, B, and C are respectively encapsulated with phase change materials with phase change temperatures designed to be 18°C, 22°C, and 26°C. The cavities are arranged in parallel along the refrigerant flow direction and integrated into an insulating shell to form a compact cascade cold storage device.

[0072] The process for manufacturing the phase change material for this cold storage device is as follows:

[0073] S1: Keep the constant temperature reactor at a suitable temperature, add sodium sulfate decahydrate of the corresponding formula and stir until completely melted to obtain molten solution A.

[0074] S2: Keep the temperature of the reactor stable, add a measured amount of ammonium chloride to the molten solution A, and stir at 400 r / min for 45 min to obtain molten mixture B.

[0075] S3: At a suitable ambient temperature, add a preset proportion of carboxymethyl cellulose to deionized water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain carboxymethyl cellulose solution C.

[0076] S4: In a constant-temperature reactor at a suitable temperature, carboxymethyl cellulose solution C is slowly added dropwise to molten solution A, and stirred at a speed of 500 r / min for 75 min to form a homogeneous molten mixture D.

[0077] S5: Pour the molten mixture D into a flat mold and allow it to cool naturally to room temperature to form a 10cm×20cm×2cm targeted temperature zone cold storage plate.

[0078] In this embodiment, based on the preparation method of the above embodiment four, the stirring speed is selected at 400 r / min for 45 min in S2 and at 500 r / min for 75 min in S4, and finally a cold storage plate is formed. Different phase change temperatures are achieved according to different ratios of sodium sulfate decahydrate, ammonium chloride, and carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0079] In this embodiment, three sets of cold storage plates are obtained according to the above steps, and are arranged and assembled in space according to the refrigerant flow direction. Finally, these cold storage units are encapsulated in a common heat-insulating shell to construct a compact cascade cold storage device.

[0080] In this embodiment, during the cold storage stage, the cascade cold storage device utilizes low-temperature chilled water (e.g., supply water 7°C, return water 15°C) generated by a chiller unit operating during off-peak electricity hours. When the relatively warm return water flows through the device, it first exchanges heat with cavity C, which has the highest phase change temperature (26°C), triggering the solidification of the materials therein for cold storage. As the water temperature decreases in stages, the solidification of materials in cavities B (22°C) and A (18°C) is triggered sequentially, thereby efficiently and systematically extracting and storing the cold energy from the cold source.

[0081] In this embodiment, during the cooling release phase, when changes in the data center load cause fluctuations in the air conditioning return water temperature, the device can intelligently select and activate the corresponding cooling release chamber based on the real-time return water temperature. For example, when the return water temperature is higher than 25°C, chamber C (26°C) is primarily activated for initial cooling; when the return water temperature is between 21-24°C, chamber B (22°C), with a more suitable temperature, is primarily activated to achieve precise temperature control; and when extreme peak loads need to be addressed, chamber A (18°C) can be further activated to provide stronger cooling capacity. This on-demand matching mode achieves the optimal balance between cooling supply and dynamic load.

[0082] Implementation results: The latent heat of phase change of the phase change cold storage material is higher than 200 J / g, and the latent heat decay rate is less than 5% after 500 phase change cycles; In actual operation, this modular multi-cavity cold storage device reduces the start-up frequency of the data center air conditioning host by more than 80% during peak daytime power consumption, reduces the overall energy consumption of the system by more than 40%, and can provide stable backup cooling capacity for more than 7 days, significantly improving the economy and reliability of the cooling system.

[0083] Example 6:

[0084] In this embodiment, the cold storage device is used in a multi-temperature zone cold chain transport box. This embodiment demonstrates the application of the device of the present invention in the multi-temperature zone cold chain transport of fresh agricultural products.

[0085] For a transport box divided into a refrigerated zone (set to 2-8℃) and a fresh-keeping zone (set to 8-15℃), a multi-chamber cold storage device is independently configured for each temperature zone. The refrigerated zone module contains cold storage units with phase change temperatures of 5℃ and 10℃, and the fresh-keeping zone module contains cold storage units with phase change temperatures of 12℃ and 15℃; each cold storage unit is manufactured in the form of a cold storage capsule.

[0086] The specific preparation method of the cold storage capsule is as described in Example 4, only the stirring speed and time are adjusted. In this example, the stirring speed is 500 r / min and the time is 60 min in S2; the stirring speed is 600 r / min and the time is 90 min in S4. Finally, all cavities are processed into cold storage capsules with a diameter of 2-5 cm, which are convenient for flexible arrangement in the transport box.

[0087] In this embodiment, the cold storage device of the multi-temperature zone cold chain transport box stores cold energy uniformly in each cold storage module during the pre-cooling stage before loading. During transportation, the cold storage module of each temperature zone automatically releases cold energy as needed according to the temperature of its compartment. When the temperature of a compartment rises to near the upper limit of the set range (for example, the fresh food zone rises to 14°C), the cold storage unit with the closest phase change temperature (15°C) is activated first to release cold energy, thereby achieving rapid temperature recovery and precise and stable control, minimizing temperature fluctuations inside the box.

[0088] Implementation Results: This device can flexibly design the release rate and duration of the cold storage material according to the transportation distance (e.g., up to 15 days). In practical applications, it can ensure that the temperature of each temperature zone in the transport box remains stable within the set range throughout the entire process, reducing the loss rate of fresh products such as fruits, vegetables, and poultry after long-distance transportation by more than 60%, and significantly improving the quality assurance capability of cold chain logistics.

[0089] Example 7:

[0090] In this embodiment, the cold storage device is a cold storage device for intelligent heat dissipation of power transformers, demonstrating the application of the cold storage device in the dynamic thermal management of power transformers.

[0091] A series of arc-shaped cold storage patches with phase change temperatures of 55℃, 65℃ and 75℃ were prepared. The patches of different temperature zones were combined to form a modular heat dissipation unit, which was tightly attached to the outer surface of the hot spot area of ​​the transformer box.

[0092] The specific preparation method of each arc-shaped cold storage patch is as described in Example 4. Finally, the phase change cold storage material is poured into the arc-shaped mold and cured. The patch thickness is 5-10mm. Multiple patches are assembled into a complete heat dissipation module through a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0093] In this embodiment, the cold storage device intelligently dissipates heat from the transformer based on the principle of "graded response," and its specific workflow is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. When the transformer is running under low load, it generates less heat, and only the patch with the lowest phase change temperature (55℃) needs to work intermittently to meet the heat dissipation requirements. When the transformer load increases and the tank temperature rises, the patches with higher phase change temperatures (65℃, 75℃) will be activated in sequence, absorbing a large amount of latent heat through phase change, and working together to suppress the transformer temperature rise too quickly. When the load decreases or the ambient temperature is low at night, all patch materials gradually crystallize and release the stored heat into the environment, completing their own reset and preparing for the next load peak.

[0094] Implementation Results: This modular cold storage and heat dissipation device can adapt to the dynamically changing heat output of the transformer. Actual operation data shows that it can continuously control the hot spot temperature of the transformer casing within a safe range below 80℃, reducing the failure rate of the transformer caused by overheating by more than 50%, and greatly improving the long-term safety and reliability of power equipment operation.

[0095] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0096] Many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the concept and scope of this invention. It should be understood that this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device, characterized in that, It includes independent cavities (1), phase change cold storage material, heat insulation shell (2), and cold source pipe (3). There are multiple independent cavities (1), which are arranged side by side and arranged sequentially on one side of the cold source pipe (3) at a certain interval. The phase change cold storage material is encapsulated in the independent cavities (1). The heat insulation shell (2) encloses all independent cavities (1) and cold source pipe (3). Through holes are opened on the left and right sides of the heat insulation shell (2). One through hole is used for the input of the cold source pipe (3), and the other through hole is used for the output of the cold source pipe (3).

2. The modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change cold storage material in each independent cavity (1) is a sodium sulfate decahydrate-based phase change cold storage material with different formulations. The phase change temperature of the material in each cavity is precisely controlled to a specific and different phase change temperature, forming a temperature gradient in the device.

3. The modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change cold storage material is composed of sodium sulfate decahydrate, ammonium chloride and carboxymethyl cellulose.

4. A modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ammonium chloride acts as an inorganic nucleating agent, providing heterogeneous nucleation sites for the crystallization process of sodium sulfate decahydrate.

5. A modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The carboxymethyl cellulose, as a composite stabilizer, forms a three-dimensional network structure, achieving the triple functions of inhibiting phase separation, enhancing mechanical properties, and regulating the rate and duration of cold release.

6. A modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The independent cavity (1) can be constructed as a plate-shaped, capsule-shaped, patch-shaped or block-shaped module.

7. A modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the independent cavities (1) is assembled in a detachable or fixed manner within the heat-insulating shell.

8. A method for preparing a phase change cold storage material, applied within the cold storage device described in claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Add the measured amount of sodium sulfate decahydrate to a constant temperature reaction vessel, heat to the preset temperature and stir until completely melted to obtain molten sodium sulfate decahydrate solution A; S2: Keep the temperature of the reactor stable, add a preset proportion of ammonium chloride to the molten sodium sulfate decahydrate solution A, and use the set speed and stirring time to make the mixture evenly dispersed to obtain molten mixture B; S3: At a certain ambient temperature, add a measured amount of carboxymethyl cellulose to deionized water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain carboxymethyl cellulose solution C; S4: Keep the reactor temperature stable, slowly drip carboxymethyl cellulose solution C into the molten mixture A, maintaining a stable temperature and stirring at a uniform speed to ensure thorough mixing of all components. After natural cooling to room temperature, solid sodium sulfate decahydrate phase change cold storage material D is obtained.

9. A modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the stirring speed and stirring time are adjustable.

10. A modular multi-cavity phase change cold storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Different phase change temperatures can be obtained by setting different metering standards for sodium sulfate decahydrate, ammonium chloride, and carboxymethyl cellulose.

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