Analyzing and sampling device for aquatic ecotoxicology experiment of aquatic products

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of analytical sampling, in particular to an analytical sampling device for aquatic ecotoxicology experiments of aquatic products. According to the technical scheme, an inner barrel is rotationally installed in a barrel body, at least three water quality sampling devices are installed on the inner barrel from top to bottom, a movable mud taking barrel is arranged at the bottom of the inner barrel, each water quality sampling device comprises a water taking mechanism fixedly installed in the inner barrel, the two sides of each water taking mechanism are both fixed and communicated with telescopic pipe fittings, and the telescopic pipe fittings are connected with the mud taking barrel. Water intakes for the telescopic pipe fitting to enter and exit are formed in the two sides of the barrel body, a motor device for driving the water quality sampling device to rotate is fixedly mounted at the top of the barrel body, and a moving groove for the telescopic pipe fitting to rotate is further formed in the inner wall of the barrel body. By arranging the water quality sampling devices in a distributed mode, water quality sampling operation of different water layers can be conducted at the same time, in addition, bottom mud sampling operation is combined, the bottom mud sampling operation is conducted only after water quality sampling is completed, and it is guaranteed that the sampling result is not distorted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of analytical sampling technology, and in particular to a sampling device for aquatic ecological toxicology experimental analysis. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of fisheries production and aquatic ecological environment protection, the health status of fishery aquatic ecosystems is directly related to the sustainable development of fishery resources and ecological balance. Toxicological experiments, as the core means of assessing the degree of harm to aquatic ecosystems caused by toxic and harmful substances (such as heavy metals, pesticide residues, and industrial pollutants) in fishery waters, rely on high-quality samples for their scientific validity and accuracy. The sampling process is a key prerequisite for determining sample quality.

[0003] Currently, the sampling devices used in fishery aquatic ecotoxicology experiments are mostly traditional general-purpose sampling equipment. These devices have many shortcomings in practical applications and cannot meet the stringent requirements of toxicology experiments for sample representativeness, completeness, and timeliness. Specific problems are as follows: First, the problem of relying solely on a single sampling medium is prominent. Existing sampling devices are primarily designed for water samples, often neglecting the sampling needs of other key media within the aquatic ecosystem. In aquatic ecosystems, bottom sediment serves as a significant accumulation carrier of toxic substances, whose toxicity directly impacts the survival of benthic organisms and can be re-released into the water through biological disturbance and water exchange, thus affecting the entire ecosystem. Aquatic organisms (such as fish, crustaceans, and algae) act as carriers of toxic substances, and the toxicity levels within them are crucial indicators for assessing toxic effects. Suspended particulate matter readily adsorbs toxic substances and is a key medium for their migration and transformation. Existing devices only sample water, failing to obtain samples from bottom sediment, aquatic organisms, and suspended particulate matter. This results in toxicological experiments being based solely on a single water sample, leading to incomplete assessments that fail to fully reflect the true toxicity status of the aquatic ecosystem. Secondly, water layer sampling has significant limitations. Environmental parameters (such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH) vary in different water layers (surface, middle, and bottom) of fishery water bodies, and the distribution and concentration of toxic and harmful substances may also show significant differences as a result. However, existing sampling devices often lack precise water layer regulation functions, making it difficult to achieve differentiated sampling of different water layers. They often can only obtain samples from a single water layer, failing to capture the distribution characteristics of toxic and harmful substances in the vertical space of the water body, further reducing the spatial representativeness of the samples. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background art by proposing a sampling device for experimental analysis of aquatic ecological toxicology.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention: A sampling device for aquatic ecological toxicology experimental analysis includes a cylindrical body, an inner cylinder rotatably installed inside the cylindrical body, at least three water quality sampling devices are installed from top to bottom in the inner cylinder, and a movable mud sampling cylinder is provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder. The water sampling device includes a water intake mechanism fixedly installed inside the inner cylinder. Telescopic pipes are fixed and connected to both sides of the water intake mechanism. Water intake ports for the telescopic pipes to enter and exit are opened on both sides of the cylinder. A motor device for driving the water sampling device to rotate is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder. A moving groove for the telescopic pipes to rotate is also opened on the inner wall of the cylinder. The water intake mechanism includes a water intake shell, a piston plate inside the water intake shell, a through-pressing rod fixedly mounted on the piston plate, a first spring sleeved on the pressing rod located inside the water intake shell, three water quality sampling devices are equidistantly distributed, and the upper pressing rod penetrates the lower water intake shell, with the end pressing rod contacting the mud sampling cylinder.

[0006] Preferably, the telescopic fitting includes a transmission pipe and an inlet pipe, the transmission pipe being fixed and connected to the water intake shell, and the inlet pipe being sleeved on the transmission pipe.

[0007] Preferably, a return assembly is provided between the transmission pipe and the inlet pipe. The return assembly includes a groove formed on the outer wall of the transmission pipe, and a slider is fixedly installed in the inlet pipe and slidably installed in the groove. A second spring is installed between the groove and the slider.

[0008] Preferably, a rubber sleeve is installed at the end of the liquid inlet pipe, the diameter of the rubber sleeve is the same as the diameter of the water inlet, and the surface of the rubber sleeve is arc-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, the motor includes a housing fixed to the top of the cylinder, a driven gear and a driving gear are rotatably mounted on the housing, the driven gear and the driving gear mesh, a motor is mounted on the housing, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the driven gear.

[0010] Preferably, the motor further includes a fixed base fixed to the top of the inner cylinder and a fixed sleeve fixed to the bottom of the driven gear, the fixed base being fitted into the fixed sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the mud-collecting cylinder is slidably installed at the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the cylinder has a moving hole for the mud-collecting cylinder to move up and down.

[0012] Preferably, the water intake shell is provided with a discharge pipe that runs through the cylinder and the inner cylinder, the discharge pipe is provided with a valve, the cylinder is provided with a water intake cover for blocking the water intake port by means of a torsion spring, and the mud intake cylinder is provided with a mud cover for blocking the mud intake cylinder by means of a torsion spring.

[0013] Preferably, a bottom ring plate is installed at the bottom of the cylinder, and the bottom ring plate is provided with several fixed cones.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention enables water quality sampling operations at different water layers to be carried out simultaneously by distributing water quality sampling devices. In addition, the present invention combines bottom sediment sampling operations, and bottom sediment sampling operations are carried out only after water quality sampling is completed, which ensures that the sampling results are not distorted. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the moving groove of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the water quality sampling device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the telescopic pipe fitting of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the sampling pipe of the present invention.

[0016] Reference numerals: 1. Cylinder; 2. Inner cylinder; 3. Moving trough; 4. Water intake mechanism; 5. Telescopic pipe fitting; 6. Mud intake cylinder; 7. Motion device; 8. Return assembly; 9. Bottom ring plate; 10. Fixed cone; 41. Water intake shell; 42. Piston plate; 43. Pressing rod; 51. Transmission pipe; 52. Liquid inlet pipe; 53. Rubber sleeve; 61. Mud cover; 71. Fixed sleeve; 72. Fixed seat; 73. Driven gear; 74. Driven gear; 75. Motor; 81. Slide groove; 82. Sliding block; 83. Second spring; 9. Bottom ring plate; 10. Fixed cone; 100. Water intake port; 200. Moving hole; 300. Water intake cover; 400. Sampling pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0018] Existing water sampling devices mostly focus on water body sampling, neglecting key media such as bottom sediment, aquatic organisms, and suspended particulate matter. This leads to one-sided toxicity assessment results that fail to reflect the true toxicity status of the aquatic ecosystem. Furthermore, they lack precise water layer regulation capabilities, making it difficult to achieve differentiated sampling of the surface, middle, and bottom layers, and failing to capture the vertical spatial distribution characteristics of toxic and harmful substances, resulting in insufficient spatial representativeness of the samples. Additionally, some methods involve simultaneous water and bottom sediment sampling, often using a combination of devices. This can cause mud and water mixing during bottom sediment sampling, contaminating the water to be sampled and distorting the reanalysis of the sampled water.

[0019] Therefore, the present invention completes the sampling of water quality and bottom sediment on the same device, and by sampling water quality first and then bottom sediment, it can ensure that the water quality after sampling will not be distorted during analysis.

[0020] See attached document Figure 1-7 The present invention proposes a sampling device for aquatic ecological toxicology experimental analysis, comprising a cylinder 1, characterized in that an inner cylinder 2 is rotatably installed inside the cylinder 1, and at least three water quality sampling devices are installed in the inner cylinder 2 from top to bottom, and a movable mud sampling cylinder 6 is provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder 2. The water sampling device includes a water intake mechanism 4 fixedly installed inside the inner cylinder 2. Both sides of the water intake mechanism 4 are fixed and connected to telescopic pipe fittings 5. Both sides of the cylinder 1 are provided with water intake ports 100 for the telescopic pipe fittings 5 ​​to enter and exit. The top of the cylinder 1 is fixedly installed with a motor device 7 for driving the water sampling device to rotate. The inner wall of the cylinder 1 is also provided with a moving groove 3 for the telescopic pipe fittings 5 ​​to rotate. The water intake mechanism 4 includes a water intake shell 41, a piston plate 42 is provided inside the water intake shell 41, a through-pressing rod 43 is fixedly installed on the piston plate 42, a first spring 44 located inside the water intake shell 41 is sleeved on the pressing rod 43, three water quality sampling devices are distributed at equal intervals, and the upper pressing rod 43 penetrates the lower water intake shell 41, and the pressing rod 43 at the end contacts the mud sampling cylinder 6.

[0021] Specifically, the telescopic pipe 5 includes a transmission pipe 51 and an inlet pipe 52. The transmission pipe 51 is fixed and connected to the water intake shell 41, and the inlet pipe 52 is sleeved on the transmission pipe 51. A return component 8 is provided between the transmission pipe 51 and the inlet pipe 52. The return component 8 includes a groove 81 opened on the outer wall of the transmission pipe 51. A slider 82 is fixedly installed on the inlet pipe 52 and slidably installed in the groove 81. A second spring 83 is installed between the groove 81 and the slider 82.

[0022] In addition, in this embodiment, a rubber sleeve 53 is installed at the end of the liquid inlet pipe 52. The diameter of the rubber sleeve 53 is the same as the diameter of the water outlet 100, and the surface of the rubber sleeve 53 is arc-shaped.

[0023] Specifically, the motor device 7 includes a housing fixed to the top of the cylinder 1. A driven gear 73 and a driving gear 74 are rotatably mounted on the housing. The driven gear 73 and the driving gear 74 mesh with each other. A motor 75 is mounted on the housing. The output end of the motor 75 is fixedly connected to the driven gear 73. The motor device 7 also includes a fixed seat 72 fixed to the top of the inner cylinder 2 and a fixed sleeve 71 fixed to the bottom of the driven gear 73. The fixed seat 72 is snapped into the fixed sleeve 71. The mud-collecting cylinder 6 is slidably mounted on the bottom of the inner cylinder 2. A moving hole 200 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 1 for the mud-collecting cylinder 6 to move up and down.

[0024] Finally, in this invention, the water intake shell 41 is provided with a discharge pipe 400 that penetrates the cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2. The discharge pipe 400 is provided with a valve. The cylinder 1 is equipped with a water intake cover 300 for blocking the water intake port 100 by means of a torsion spring. The mud extraction cylinder 6 is equipped with a mud cover 61 for blocking the mud extraction cylinder 6 by means of a torsion spring. The bottom of the cylinder 1 is equipped with a bottom ring plate 9, and the bottom ring plate 9 is provided with a plurality of fixing cones 10.

[0025] It should be noted that during operation, the fixed seat 72 is secured within the fixed sleeve 71. When the inner cylinder 2 is not rotating, the telescopic tube 5 does not correspond to the water inlet 100. Therefore, the water inlet cover 300 will cover the water inlet 100, preventing the liquid inlet tube 52 from moving. Furthermore, it should be noted that in this embodiment, a return assembly 8 is also provided between the mud-collecting cylinder 6 and the bottom of the inner cylinder 2, ensuring that the mud-collecting cylinder 6 can be returned to its original position after use.

[0026] Specific assignments: The first step is to place the device into the water area to be sampled. The cylinder 1 will sink underwater, and the fixing cone 10 will enter the mud at the bottom of the riverbed, thus fixing the device in place.

[0027] The second step involves waiting for the mud stirred up by the fixed cone 10 to settle and the water to calm down. Then, the starting motor 75 drives the inner cylinder 2 to rotate. Specifically, the starting motor 75 drives the drive gear 74 to rotate, which in turn meshes with the driven gear 73. The rotation of the driven gear 73 causes the fixed seat 72, which is fitted into the fixed sleeve 71, to rotate, thus causing the inner cylinder 2 to rotate. When the inner cylinder 2 rotates, it drives the various water sampling devices to rotate, causing the telescopic pipe 5 to move within the moving trough 3. Because the inlet pipe 52 is compressed by the wall of the moving trough 3, the second spring 83 at the telescopic pipe 5 is in a compressed state. Figure 6 As shown, when the telescopic tube 5 moves to the water inlet 100, the second spring 83 at that location will extend, thereby pushing the liquid inlet tube 52 into the water inlet 100.

[0028] Thirdly, when the inlet pipe 52 enters the water inlet 100, the motor 75 stops. At this time, part of the inlet pipe 52 will come out of the water inlet 100, pushing the water inlet cover 300 inward. This will open the water inlet 100, and the rubber sleeve 53 will fit tightly against the water inlet 100 to achieve a waterproof effect. Subsequently, the water to be sampled will flow through the inlet pipe 52, through the transmission pipe 51, and finally into the water inlet shell 41. As water continuously enters the water inlet shell 41, the weight of the water presses down the piston plate 42 to move it to the bottom of the water inlet shell 41. The movement of the piston plate 42 causes the pressing rod 43 to move down and the first spring 44 to contract. The upper pressing rod 43 will press down onto the lower piston plate 42. It should also be noted that during operation, the water sampling devices at each water layer operate simultaneously, causing water to enter each sampling shell 41 at the same time. This results in the bottommost pressing rod 43 pressing down on the mud sampling cylinder 6, causing it to emerge from the bottom of the inner cylinder 2. Simultaneously, the two upper pressing rods 43 press down, meaning the weight pressing down on the mud sampling cylinder 6 comes from the combined downward pressure of the three pressing rods 43. This provides sufficient force to push the mud sampling cylinder 6 into the bottom mud. Upon entering the bottom, the mud cover 61 opens due to the force of the mud, allowing the bottom mud to enter the mud sampling cylinder 6, thus completing the sampling. It should also be noted that only after all water quality sampling devices have completed sampling, that is, after all water sampling shells 41 are filled with water, is there sufficient force to press down the mud sampling cylinder 6. Therefore, it can be seen that water quality is sampled first, followed by bottom mud sampling.

[0029] Fourth, after all samples have been taken, the device is removed from the water area to drain the bottom mud from the mud sampling cylinder 6. The water in each water sampling shell 41 is then drained by opening the valve of the discharge pipe 400. Finally, the motor 75 is restarted to rotate the inner cylinder 2. As the inner cylinder 2 rotates, it moves the telescopic pipe 5. The head of the telescopic pipe 5 is a rubber sleeve 53, which is arc-shaped. A rubber sleeve is also fitted onto the water intake 100. Under the force of rotation, the liquid inlet pipe 52 emerges from the water intake 100, causing the slider 82 at that location to retract again, and the liquid inlet pipe 52 enters the moving trough 3.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling device for aquatic ecotoxicological experimental analysis, comprising a cylindrical body (1), characterized in that, An inner cylinder (2) is rotatably installed inside the cylinder (1). At least three water quality sampling devices are installed in the inner cylinder (2) from top to bottom. A movable mud sampling cylinder (6) is provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder (2). The water sampling device includes a water intake mechanism (4) fixedly installed inside the inner cylinder (2). Both sides of the water intake mechanism (4) are fixed and connected to telescopic pipe fittings (5). Both sides of the cylinder (1) are provided with water intake ports (100) for the telescopic pipe fittings (5) to enter and exit. The top of the cylinder (1) is fixedly installed with a motor device (7) for driving the water sampling device to rotate. The inner wall of the cylinder (1) is also provided with a moving groove (3) for the telescopic pipe fittings (5) to rotate. The water sampling mechanism (4) includes a water sampling shell (41), a piston plate (42) is provided inside the water sampling shell (41), a through pressing rod (43) is fixedly installed on the piston plate (42), a first spring (44) is sleeved on the pressing rod (43) located inside the water sampling shell (41), three water quality sampling devices are distributed at equal intervals, and the pressing rod (43) at the top penetrates the water sampling shell (41) at the bottom, and the pressing rod (43) at the end contacts the mud sampling cylinder (6).

2. The aquatic ecotoxicological experimental analysis sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic fitting (5) includes a transmission pipe (51) and an inlet pipe (52). The transmission pipe (51) is fixed and connected to the water intake shell (41), and the inlet pipe (52) is sleeved on the transmission pipe (51).

3. The aquatic ecotoxicological experimental analysis sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A positioning component (8) is provided between the transmission pipe (51) and the inlet pipe (52). The positioning component (8) includes a groove (81) opened on the outer wall of the transmission pipe (51). A slider (82) is fixedly installed in the inlet pipe (52) and slidably installed in the groove (81). A second spring (83) is installed between the groove (81) and the slider (82).

4. The aquatic ecotoxicological experimental analysis sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A rubber sleeve (53) is installed at the end of the liquid inlet pipe (52). The diameter of the rubber sleeve (53) is the same as the diameter of the water inlet (100). The surface of the rubber sleeve (53) is arc-shaped.

5. The aquatic ecotoxicological experimental analysis sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor device (7) includes a housing fixed to the top of the cylinder (1), a driven gear (73) and a driving gear (74) are rotatably mounted on the housing, the driven gear (73) and the driving gear (74) mesh, and a motor (75) is mounted on the housing, the output end of the motor (75) and the driven gear (73) are fixedly connected.

6. The aquatic ecotoxicological experimental analysis sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The motor device (7) also includes a fixed seat (72) fixed to the top of the inner cylinder (2) and a fixed sleeve (71) fixed to the bottom of the driven gear (73), wherein the fixed seat (72) is fitted into the fixed sleeve (71).

7. The aquatic ecotoxicological experimental analysis sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mud-collecting cylinder (6) is slidably installed at the bottom of the inner cylinder (2), and the bottom of the cylinder (1) is provided with a moving hole (200) for the mud-collecting cylinder (6) to move up and down.

8. The aquatic ecotoxicological experimental analysis sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water intake shell (41) is provided with a discharge pipe (400) that runs through the cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder (2). The discharge pipe (400) is provided with a valve. The cylinder (1) is equipped with a water intake cover (300) for blocking the water intake port (100) by means of a torsion spring. The mud intake cylinder (6) is equipped with a mud cover (61) for blocking the mud intake cylinder (6) by means of a torsion spring.

9. The aquatic ecotoxicological experimental analysis sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the cylinder (1) is equipped with a bottom ring plate (9), and a number of fixed cones (10) are provided on the bottom ring plate (9).

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