Dual-polarized antenna and assembling method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-polarized antenna and an assembly method thereof, and the dual-polarized antenna comprises an antenna bottom plate, a plurality of first arrays and a plurality of second arrays. The first oscillator notch faces upwards, and the second oscillator notch faces downwards, so that the first oscillator notch and the second oscillator notch can be mechanically and orthogonally positioned and interlocked through a simple cross insertion action and by utilizing the structure of the oscillator notch and the second oscillator notch, a stable latticed framework is naturally formed, and most of independent brackets and fasteners are replaced. Each first array is pre-integrated with a vertical first feed conductor and a first grounding conductor with a fixing function in a manufacturing stage; and each second oscillator is pre-integrated with a vertical second feed conductor and a second grounding conductor with a fixing function. The assembling process is simple, visual and easy to standardize, the requirement for manual skills and the dependence on special welding equipment are reduced, and the production efficiency and the product consistency are improved. The invention further discloses an assembly method of the dual-polarized antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of phased antenna technology, and in particular to a dual-polarized antenna and its assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] To cope with complex electromagnetic environments, increasingly stringent requirements are placed on antenna performance: it must have dual-polarization capability to obtain more complete electromagnetic information; it must have wide bandwidth characteristics to adapt to multi-band signals; at the same time, in order to meet the needs of platform integration and miniaturization, the antenna must also have low profile and lightweight characteristics.

[0003] Microstrip antennas, especially those of the Vivaldi type, have become a common technical approach to achieving the aforementioned goals due to their ease of broadband and lightweight design. Dual polarization functionality typically requires two independent orthogonal microstrip radiating elements—a horizontally polarized element and a vertically polarized element—in conjunction with a back-end feed network.

[0004] However, realizing such dual-polarized microstrip antenna arrays in existing technologies faces significant challenges. The core difficulty lies in ensuring continuous and reliable electrical grounding of each radiating element to a common metal antenna substrate to guarantee broadband performance. For dual-polarized arrays, this means that both sets of orthogonal elements need to simultaneously address grounding connections to the antenna substrate and stable orthogonal positioning between them. Traditional solutions, such as assembling each element as an independent component, require numerous brackets and screws, resulting in complex structures, numerous parts, low assembly efficiency, and difficulty in controlling weight and profile. Methods attempting to directly weld or glue the elements to the substrate suffer from high process requirements, poor reliability, and weak environmental adaptability, making it difficult to meet the requirements of engineered mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a dual-polarized antenna with simple structure, convenient assembly, reliable grounding, and high consistency, as well as its assembly method. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, a dual-polarized antenna is provided, comprising: an antenna base plate, a plurality of first elements, and a plurality of second elements; the plurality of first elements are mounted parallel to each other and perpendicularly on the antenna base plate, and each first element has a plurality of first insertion slots on its side away from the antenna base plate; the plurality of second elements are parallel to each other and inserted into the first insertion slots of the plurality of first elements, and each second element has a plurality of second insertion slots on its side near the antenna base plate; the plurality of first elements and the plurality of second elements constitute a grid-like element frame; wherein each first element includes a first dielectric substrate, a first radiating element formed on the front side of the first dielectric substrate, and a feed fixedly connected to the first radiating element. The antenna base plate includes a first feed conductor at a point and a first ground conductor fixedly connected to the back of the first dielectric substrate; each second element includes a second dielectric substrate, a second radiating element formed on the front of the second dielectric substrate, a second feed conductor fixedly connected to the feed point of the second radiating element, and a second ground conductor fixedly connected to the back of the second dielectric substrate; the antenna base plate is provided with radio frequency connectors corresponding to the positions of each first feed conductor and each second feed conductor; the free end of the first feed conductor is plugged into the corresponding radio frequency connector, the free end of the second feed conductor is plugged into the corresponding radio frequency connector, and both the first ground conductor and the second ground conductor are fixedly connected to the antenna base plate.

[0007] Optionally, the first and second elements are horizontally polarized elements and vertically polarized elements, respectively.

[0008] Optionally, the groove wall of the first insertion slot and both sides of the second medium plate are provided with a first gap; the groove wall of the second insertion slot and both sides of the first medium plate are interference fit.

[0009] Optionally, the first gap ranges from 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm.

[0010] Optionally, the first feed conductor is a first feed pin, one end of which is welded to the feed point of the first radiating unit; the second feed conductor is a second feed pin, one end of which is welded to the feed point of the second radiating unit.

[0011] Optionally, the first grounding conductor has a first radiating surface connecting plate and a first ground plane that are perpendicular to each other, wherein the first radiating surface connecting plate is used to connect to the first radiating element, and the first ground plane is used to connect to the antenna base plate; the second grounding conductor has a second radiating surface connecting plate and a second ground plane that are perpendicular to each other, wherein the second radiating surface connecting plate is used to connect to the second radiating element, and the second ground plane is used to connect to the antenna base plate.

[0012] Optionally, the heights of the first and second segments are equal; the sum of the depths of the first and second insertion slots is greater than the height of either the first or second segment.

[0013] Optionally, the dual-polarized antenna further includes a right-angle reinforcement member; one right-angle side of the right-angle reinforcement member is fixedly connected to the antenna base plate, and the other right-angle side is fixedly connected to the end of the first or second element.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes an antenna radome; the antenna radome covers the top and sides of the array frame; a rectangular enclosure is provided on the antenna base plate, the enclosure is fitted outside the array frame, and the height of the enclosure is less than the height of the first array or the second array.

[0015] Secondly, a method for assembling a dual-polarized antenna, based on the aforementioned dual-polarized antenna, includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Provide multiple first-round and second-round options;

[0017] Step 2: Install multiple first elements on the antenna base plate, wherein the first feed conductor of each first element is inserted into the corresponding RF connector on the antenna base plate, and its first ground conductor is fixedly connected to the antenna base plate by fasteners;

[0018] Step 3: Install multiple second elements onto the antenna base plate, wherein the second insertion slot of each second element is aligned with and spans the installed first element, so that the second element and the first element are cross-connected. Then, the second feed conductor of each second element is inserted into the corresponding RF connector on the antenna base plate, and its second ground conductor is fixedly connected to the antenna base plate by fasteners.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application include at least the following: The dual-polarized antenna includes an antenna base plate, multiple first elements, and multiple second elements. The slots of the first elements face upwards, and the slots of the second elements face downwards, allowing them to achieve mechanical orthogonal positioning and interlocking through a simple "cross-shaped insertion" action, naturally forming a stable mesh-like frame, thus replacing most independent supports and fasteners. Each first element has a pre-integrated vertical first feed conductor and a first ground conductor with a fixed function during the manufacturing stage; each second element has a pre-integrated vertical second feed conductor and a second ground conductor with a fixed function. The assembly process is simple, intuitive, and easy to standardize, reducing the requirements for manual skills and dependence on specialized welding equipment, and improving production efficiency and product consistency.

[0020] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of the dual-polarized antenna without a radome provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first element in the dual-polarized antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second element in the dual-polarized antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 These are schematic diagrams of the front and back sides of the first dielectric substrate provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 These are schematic diagrams of the front and back sides of the second dielectric substrate provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 These are partial schematic diagrams of the first and second dielectric substrates before and after cross-joining, as provided in the embodiments of this application; and front and back schematic diagrams.

[0030] Figure 9 These are a front cross-sectional view and a left view of the radio frequency connector provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0032] 1-Antenna base plate; 101-Enclosure; 2-First array; 201-First insertion slot; 202-First dielectric substrate; 203-First radiating element; 204-First feed conductor; 205-First ground conductor; 3-Second array; 301-Second insertion slot; 302-Second dielectric substrate; 303-Second radiating element; 304-Second feed conductor; 305-Second ground conductor; 4-RF connector; 5-Antenna radome; 6-Right-angle reinforcement. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0034] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the relative positions of the corresponding components in the direction of gravity when they are in use, and "inner" and "outer" refer to their relative positions to the contours of the corresponding components themselves. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure are for distinguishing one element from another and do not have sequential or importance implications. In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements.

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0036] Firstly, this embodiment provides a dual-polarized antenna.

[0037] refer to Figures 1 to 9 The dual-polarized antenna includes an antenna base plate 1, and multiple first elements 2 and multiple second elements 3 mounted thereon.

[0038] Among them, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 All first-phase elements 2 are mounted parallel to each other and perpendicular to the antenna base plate 1. (Reference) Figure 4 On the side of each first element 2, on the side opposite to the antenna base plate 1 after its installation, a first insertion slot 201 is machined.

[0039] Similarly, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 All the second elements 3 are parallel to each other. They are not directly mounted on the base plate, but are inserted into the first insertion slot 201 of the already fixed first element 2 through a second insertion slot 301 opened on their side near the antenna base plate 1. (See reference) Figure 8Once all the first two and second three units are installed, they naturally form a sturdy and orderly grid-like structure through this interlocking method.

[0040] refer to Figure 4 The first element 2 consists of a first dielectric substrate 202, a first radiating unit 203 etched on its front side, a first feed conductor 204 fixedly connected to a specific feed point of the first radiating unit 203, and a first ground conductor 205 fixedly connected to the back side of the first dielectric substrate 202.

[0041] refer to Figure 5 Similarly, the second element 3 consists of a second dielectric substrate 302, a second radiating unit 303 etched on its front side, a second feed conductor 304 fixedly connected to a specific feed point of the second radiating unit 303, and a second ground conductor 305 fixedly connected to the back side of the second dielectric substrate 302.

[0042] To achieve signal transmission, RF connectors 4 are pre-installed on the antenna base plate 1, each precisely corresponding to the position of the first feed conductor 204 and the second feed conductor 304. In the final assembly state, the free ends of all the first feed conductors 204 and the second feed conductor 304 are inserted into their corresponding RF connectors 4, forming a signal channel; simultaneously, all the first ground conductors 205 and the second ground conductor 305 are firmly fixed to the antenna base plate 1 using screws or other fasteners, forming a stable grounding loop.

[0043] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: The first element 2 is installed first, and its upward-facing first insertion slot 201 provides guidance and accommodation space for the subsequently installed second element 3. During installation, the downward-facing second insertion slot 301 of the second element 3 crosses over the first element 2 and completes a cross intersection. This process not only achieves mechanical orthogonal positioning and interlocking, forming a stable grid skeleton, i.e., the element grid frame, but also simplifies the assembly process. Each first element 2 (or second element 3) is no longer a simple two-dimensional printed circuit board when it leaves the factory, but a three-dimensional functional module integrating the first power supply conductor 204 (or the second power supply conductor 304) and the first grounding conductor 205 (or the second grounding conductor 305). This pre-integrated design offers significant assembly advantages: during installation, when the operator inserts the first feed conductor 204 (or the second feed conductor 304) into the RF connector 4 of the antenna base plate 1, the first feed conductor 204 (or the second feed conductor 304) provides axial positioning; simultaneously, the first ground conductor 205 (or the second ground conductor 305) further assists in supporting the first element 2 (or the second element 3). These two factors work together to ensure that the first element 2 (or the second element 3) achieves good initial positioning and stability before final fixation, i.e., it is stably in the correct position, thus simplifying the installation process.

[0044] According to an embodiment of this application, the first element 2 is specifically a horizontally polarized element, while the second element 3 is specifically a vertically polarized element. In the field of phased array antennas, horizontally polarized elements and vertically polarized elements are the foundation for arbitrary polarization and the most direct way to achieve dual-polarization functionality. During assembly, operators can clearly understand the standardized process of "installing the horizontally polarized elements first, then the vertically polarized elements." From an electromagnetic principle perspective, the orthogonal arrangement of the horizontally and vertically polarized elements can effectively radiate and receive electromagnetic waves with two polarization directions perpendicular to each other, thereby achieving complete dual-polarization functionality.

[0045] The working principle of the entire dual-polarized antenna is as follows: the horizontally polarized signal is excited and radiated through the first radiating element 203 of the horizontal array and its feed path; the vertically polarized signal operates through the second radiating element 303 of the vertical array and its independent feed path. The two are spatially tightly integrated through the grid-like array frame, but electrically isolated from each other and do not interfere with each other.

[0046] According to the embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 8 A certain first gap is reserved between the groove wall of the first insertion groove 201 and the two sides of the second medium plate 302 inserted therein; while the groove wall of the second insertion groove 301 and the two sides of the first medium plate 202 inserted therein adopt an interference fit.

[0047] This design is key to resolving the conflict between electromagnetic compatibility and mechanical reliability within a dual-polarized antenna. The gap between the first insertion slot 201 and the second dielectric substrate 302 primarily serves for electrical isolation. Since the radiating elements of the first element 2 and the second element 3 are located on different front sides of the dielectric substrate, they carry high-frequency signals with different polarization directions during operation. Direct contact between their metal parts could cause unnecessary signal coupling, short circuits, or impedance disturbances, severely impacting antenna performance. The reserved gap ensures physical isolation between the two polarization elements at their intersection. Conversely, the interference fit between the second insertion slot 301 and the first dielectric substrate 202 aims to achieve a reliable mechanical connection and grounding conduction. The interference fit generates a certain clamping force and contact pressure, ensuring that the second element 3 will not loosen after insertion, thus improving the structural rigidity of the entire element frame. Simultaneously, this tight contact allows the second grounding conductor 305 on the back of the second element 3 to connect to the first grounding conductor 205 of the first element 2 and the antenna base plate 1, thereby improving grounding performance.

[0048] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: by differentially setting gap fit and interference fit at the same cross node, both electrical insulation and mechanical fastening are satisfied. The gap fit between the first insertion slot 201 and the second dielectric substrate 302 ensures the isolation between dual-polarized signals, while the interference fit between the second insertion slot 301 and the first dielectric substrate 202 ensures structural stability and grounding effect, thereby simplifying the structure while ensuring the final electrical performance indicators of the antenna.

[0049] According to embodiments of this application, the range of the first gap is explicitly limited to between 0.05 mm and 0.15 mm. The first gap cannot be too small, for example, less than 0.05 mm, otherwise, under the cumulative tolerances of mass production and assembly, it can easily evolve into actual contact, losing its isolation function, and even causing damage to the dielectric substrate due to assembly stress. The first gap also cannot be too large, for example, exceeding 0.15 mm. Although the isolation is more thorough, it weakens the mechanical interlocking constraint between the first element 2 and the second element 3 at the intersection, potentially affecting the overall rigidity of the mesh. A single-sided gap of 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm provides reasonable space for production tolerances and assembly error tolerance, ensuring that an effective electrical isolation gap can be stably formed in most cases, while not having a significant negative impact on structural rigidity.

[0050] This quantitative constraint provides clear process guidance for manufacturing, ensuring the consistency and stability of product performance. It enables antennas to reliably achieve the design goal of electrical isolation while maintaining good structural strength during mass production, making it a crucial step in transforming design from blueprints into reliable products.

[0051] According to an embodiment of this application, the first feed conductor 204 is a first feed pin, and the second feed conductor 304 is a second feed pin. One end of the first feed pin is fixed to a designated feed point of the first radiating unit 203 and a designated feed point of the second radiating unit 303 by welding.

[0052] Rigid metal pins were chosen as the power supply conductor because they simultaneously meet the requirements of electrical transmission and mechanical mating. Electrically, metal pins are excellent conductors; mechanically, their rigidity is sufficient to withstand the axial force required for insertion into the RF connector 4 during assembly and maintain precise positioning. Soldering is used for fixing, resulting in high connection strength, low resistance, and good stability, far superior to methods such as conductive adhesive bonding.

[0053] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 According to an embodiment of this application, the first grounding conductor 205 has a first radiating surface connecting plate and a first ground plane that are perpendicular to each other. The first radiating surface connecting plate is used to connect to the back side of the first dielectric substrate 202, and the first ground plane is used to connect to the antenna base plate 1. The second grounding conductor 305 has a second radiating surface connecting plate and a second ground plane that are perpendicular to each other. The second radiating surface connecting plate is used to connect to the second radiating element 303, and the second ground plane is used to connect to the antenna base plate 1.

[0054] Both the first grounding conductor 205 and the second grounding conductor 305 are designed with right-angle bends. Taking the first grounding conductor 205 as an example, the first radiating surface connecting plate provides an interface for large-area welding with the grounding copper foil on the back of the first element 2, ensuring that the grounding current can be efficiently collected from the first dielectric plate 202 onto the first grounding conductor 205. The first grounding plate acts as both a "support foot" and an "electrical terminal." Mechanically, it is fixed to the antenna base plate 1 by screws or other means, providing a solid fulcrum for the first element 2; electrically, its large-area contact with the antenna base plate 1 provides a grounding path with extremely low impedance. This embodiment achieves a deep integration of mechanical fixing and electrical grounding, simplifying the structure and assembly operation.

[0055] refer to Figure 1 According to an embodiment of this application, the heights of the first slot 2 and the second slot 3 are equal. The sum of the depths of the first insertion slot 201 and the second insertion slot 301 is greater than the height of either the first slot 2 or the second slot 3.

[0056] When the first interlocking element 2 and the second interlocking element 3 cross each other, their interlocking length, or engagement depth, is twice the depth of a single slot. Furthermore, the sum of the depths of the first interlocking slot 201 and the second interlocking slot 301 is greater than the height of either the first interlocking element 2 or the second interlocking element 3, meaning that after crossing, the first interlocking element 2 and the second interlocking element 3 have sufficient engagement length. A greater depth results in stronger resistance to deformation and better overall structural integrity.

[0057] This constraint enhances the overall rigidity and stability of the mesh-like array frame. Especially when the antenna array size is large or when used in vibrating environments, this deep-meshing design effectively prevents minor relative displacement or loosening between the elements, thus maintaining the long-term stability of the antenna's electrical performance, such as beam pointing. In practical engineering, the depth of the first insertion slot 201 and the depth of the second insertion slot 301 can be equal or unequal. For example, when structural stability of the array frame is required during pre-assembly, the depth of the second insertion slot 301 can be appropriately increased while the depth of the first insertion slot 201 is decreased, as long as the sum of the depths of the first insertion slot 201 and the second insertion slot 301 is greater than the height of the first element 2 or the second element 3.

[0058] refer to Figure 1 According to an embodiment of this application, the dual-polarized antenna further includes a right-angle reinforcement 6. One right-angle side of the right-angle reinforcement 6 is fixedly connected to the antenna base plate 1, and the other right-angle side is fixedly connected to the end of the first element 2 or the second element 3.

[0059] The outer perimeter of the array frame, especially the edges of the first array 2 or the second array 3, is a weak point in the overall structure and is prone to deformation under lateral forces. The right-angle reinforcement 6, resembling an angle iron or right-angle bracket, is installed at the edge of the antenna base plate 1. One side is fixed to the sturdy base plate, while the other side secures the outermost end of the first array 2 or the second array 3. In this way, the forces on the outer perimeter of the array frame are directly transferred to the antenna base plate 1 through the right-angle reinforcement 6, providing robust support for the entire array frame.

[0060] This design enhances the rigidity, shock resistance, and deformation resistance of the dual-polarized antenna. It is particularly suitable for applications with large array sizes or high structural strength requirements.

[0061] refer to Figure 1 According to an embodiment of this application, the dual-polarized antenna also includes an antenna radome 5, which is designed to cover the top and sides of the array frame, forming a closed or semi-closed protective space together with the antenna base plate 1.

[0062] The radome 5 is an essential component for protecting the internal precision array structure from damage by the external environment. Designed to cover the top and sides, it provides all-around protection for the array structure. The radome 5 is typically made of a wave-transparent composite material, meaning it attenuates electromagnetic waves in the antenna's operating frequency band very little, without affecting the antenna's normal radiation and reception.

[0063] Optionally, the radome 5 includes an outer fiberglass layer, a PVC layer, and an inner fiberglass layer, from the outside in. Preferably, the outer fiberglass layer can be 0.2mm thick, the PVC layer can be 4mm thick, and the inner fiberglass layer can be 0.2mm thick. The radome 5 provides necessary environmental protection for the core antenna components, ensuring the long-term reliability and service life of the product in complex outdoor environments.

[0064] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A rectangular enclosure 101 can also be installed on the antenna base plate 1. This enclosure 101 is fitted around the perimeter of the array frame, and its height is lower than that of the first array 2 or the second array 3.

[0065] In this embodiment, the enclosure 101 serves as a positioning stop during the initial placement of the first array 2, aiding in rapid alignment. Secondly, it restricts minor movement of the array frame within the base plate plane. Finally, its height is lower than the array, ensuring it does not interfere with the installation of the radome 5. In this embodiment, the first and second grounding plates can be fixedly connected to...

[0066] The top surface of fence 101.

[0067] Secondly, the present invention also provides an assembly method for a dual-polarized antenna, which, based on the above-mentioned dual-polarized antenna, specifically includes the following steps:

[0068] Step 1: Prepare materials. Provide multiple first arrays 2 and multiple second arrays 3. The first feed conductor 204 and the first ground conductor 205 on the first arrays 2 have been pre-processed. The second feed conductor 304 and the second ground conductor 305 on the second arrays 3 have also been pre-processed.

[0069] Step two, install the first array 2. First, install all the first array 2s onto the antenna base plate 1. Specifically, align the first feed conductor 204 of each first array 2 and insert it into the corresponding RF connector 4 pre-installed on the antenna base plate 1. Then, use screws or other fasteners to firmly fix the first ground conductor 205 on the back of the first array 2 onto the antenna base plate 1. At this point, all the first array 2s are fixed vertically and parallel to the antenna base plate 1, with the first insertion slot 201 on their tops all facing upwards.

[0070] Step 3, install the second array 3. Align the second insertion slot 301 of each second array 3 with the side slot facing down and pass it over the corresponding fixed first array 2 from top to bottom. Press down on the second array 3 to make it cross-connect with the first array 2. Then, as with the first array 2, insert the second feed conductor 304 of the second array 3 into the corresponding RF connector 4 on the base plate, and fix its second ground conductor 305 to the antenna base plate 1 with screws.

[0071] In this assembly method, the order of steps two is determined by the dual-polarized antenna structure: the first element 2 with its slot facing upwards must be installed first because it needs to independently complete the electrical and mechanical connection with the antenna base plate 1. In step three, the second insertion slot 301 aligns with and spans the installed first element 2, using the first element 2 as a reference to achieve precise positioning and interlocking of the second element 3. The entire process breaks down the complex RF component assembly into a series of simple mechanical operations, and the order cannot be reversed.

[0072] This assembly method standardizes and streamlines the assembly process of dual-polarized antennas, reducing operational difficulty and reliance on skilled workers. It makes the production process of dual-polarized antennas clear and controllable, improving production efficiency and quality consistency.

[0073] To make the concept of this invention clearer and easier to understand, the following describes its complete working process in conjunction with a specific embodiment.

[0074] Taking an S-band dual-polarized antenna as an example, refer to Figures 1 to 9 The antenna base plate 1 is made of hard aluminum and features an SMP-type RF connector 4 and a low baffle 101. The first element 2 uses a horizontal polarization design, and the second element 3 uses a vertical polarization design. Both the first and second dielectric substrates 302 are made of 0.8mm thick double-sided copper-clad laminate with a dielectric constant of 2.55. The front side has Vivaldi grooves etched on the first and second radiating elements 203 and 303, respectively, while the back side is a complete grounding copper sheet. The first feed conductor 204 and the second feed conductor 304 are both copper feed pins. The first ground conductor 205 and the second ground conductor 305 are both L-shaped sheet metal parts made of brass. A grounding mounting hole is machined on one side of the L-shaped sheet metal part.

[0075] In the production workshop, tooling is first used to precisely weld the feeding pins to the feeding point of each first radiating unit 203 or second radiating unit 303; simultaneously, the first grounding conductor 205 is welded to a designated position on the back of the first dielectric substrate 202, and the second grounding conductor 305 is welded to a designated position on the back of the second dielectric substrate 302. In this way, each first element 2 and second element 3 becomes a three-dimensional structure.

[0076] During final assembly, the worker first takes the first element 2, inserts its feed pin into the female of the corresponding RF connector 4 on the antenna base plate 1, then aligns the grounding mounting hole of the first grounding conductor 205 with the threaded hole on the antenna base plate 1, and tightens it with screws. This step is repeated until all the first elements 2 are installed. At this point, all the first elements 2 are upright, with the first insertion slot 201 on them.

[0077] Next, the worker takes the second element 3, flips it over so that the second insertion slot 301 faces downwards, and then aligns and inserts each of the second insertion slots 301 into a fixed first element 2. Since the first element 2 is 0.8mm thick and the slot width of the second insertion slot is 0.7mm, there is a 0.1mm design interference, resulting in slight resistance when pressing down, ensuring a tight fit. After insertion, the vertical second element 3 naturally cross-shaped with the horizontal first element 2. Then, the feed pin of the second element 3 is inserted into the corresponding RF connector 4 on the antenna base plate 1, and the second grounding plate is secured with screws.

[0078] After all the first array elements 2 and second array elements 3 are installed, a stable grid-like radiating array frame is formed. The first array elements 2 and second array elements 3 are electrically isolated at their intersections due to a 0.2mm single-sided gap; they are also mechanically locked and grounded due to an interference fit. Finally, Teflon right-angle reinforcement members 6 are installed around the array frame to provide frame support for the second array elements 3. Finally, the radome 5, made of fiberglass and PVC composite material, is attached and secured to the antenna base plate 1 with screws, completing the assembly.

[0079] When the dual-polarized antenna is in operation, the radio frequency signal is sent to the SMP radio frequency connector 4 on the back of the antenna base plate 1 via a cable, and excites the corresponding radiating elements through the feed pins. The first element 2 radiates horizontally polarized waves, and the second element 3 radiates vertically polarized waves, together achieving the dual-polarization function. The grounding current is collected in the metal antenna base plate 1 through the first grounding conductor 205 and the second grounding conductor 305, forming a complete loop. The entire dual-polarized antenna has a compact structure, low profile, and light weight, and due to standardized assembly, its performance consistency is relatively good.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0081] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0082] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized antenna, characterized in that, include: Antenna base plate (1), multiple first arrays (2) and multiple second arrays (3); Multiple first elements (2) are mounted parallel to each other and perpendicular to the antenna base plate (1), and each first element (2) has multiple first insertion slots (201) on the side away from the antenna base plate (1). Multiple second array elements (3) are parallel to each other and inserted into the first insertion slots (201) of multiple first array elements (2). Each second array element (3) has multiple second insertion slots (301) on the side near the antenna base plate (1). Multiple first array elements (2) and multiple second array elements (3) form a grid-like array frame. Each first element (2) includes a first dielectric substrate (202), a first radiating unit (203) formed on the front side of the first dielectric substrate (202), a first feed conductor (204) fixedly connected to the feed point of the first radiating unit (203), and a first ground conductor (205) fixedly connected to the back side of the first dielectric substrate (202). Each second element (3) includes a second dielectric substrate (302), a second radiating element (303) formed on the front side of the second dielectric substrate (302), a second feed conductor (304) fixedly connected to the feed point of the second radiating element (303), and a second ground conductor (305) fixedly connected to the back side of the second dielectric substrate (302); The antenna base plate (1) is provided with radio frequency connectors (4) corresponding to the positions of each of the first feed conductors (204) and each of the second feed conductors (304); The free end of the first feed conductor (204) is plugged into the corresponding radio frequency connector (4), the free end of the second feed conductor (304) is plugged into the corresponding radio frequency connector (4), and the first ground conductor (205) and the second ground conductor (305) are both fixedly connected to the antenna base plate (1).

2. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first element (2) and the second element (3) are horizontally polarized element strips and vertically polarized element strips, respectively.

3. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove wall of the first insertion slot (201) and the two sides of the second medium plate (302) are provided with a first gap; the groove wall of the second insertion slot (301) and the two sides of the first medium plate (202) are both interference fit.

4. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first gap ranges from 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm.

5. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first feed conductor (204) is a first feed needle, and one end of the first feed needle is welded to the feed point of the first radiating unit (203); the second feed conductor (304) is a second feed needle, and one end of the second feed needle is welded to the feed point of the second radiating unit (303).

6. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first grounding conductor (205) has a first radiating surface connecting plate and a first grounding plate that are perpendicular to each other, wherein the first radiating surface connecting plate is used to connect with the first radiating element (203), and the first grounding plate is used to connect with the antenna base plate (1); The second grounding conductor (305) has a second radiating surface connecting plate and a second grounding plate that are perpendicular to each other, wherein the second radiating surface connecting plate is used to connect with the second radiating unit (303) and the second grounding plate is used to connect with the antenna base plate (1).

7. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heights of the first segment (2) and the second segment (3) are equal; The sum of the depth of the first insertion slot (201) and the depth of the second insertion slot (301) is greater than the height of the first interlocking element (2) or the second interlocking element (3).

8. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarized antenna also includes a right-angle reinforcement (6). One right-angled side of the right-angled reinforcement (6) is fixedly connected to the antenna base plate (1), and the other right-angled side is fixedly connected to the end of the first element (2) or the second element (3).

9. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an antenna radome (5); the antenna radome (5) covers the top and sides of the array frame; A rectangular enclosure (101) is provided on the antenna base plate (1). The enclosure (101) is fitted on the outside of the array frame. The height of the enclosure (101) is less than the height of the first array (2) or the second array (3).

10. A method for assembling a dual-polarized antenna, characterized in that, Based on the dual-polarized antenna as described in claim 1, the following steps are included: Step 1: Provide multiple first-round and second-round options; Step 2: Install multiple first elements on the antenna base plate, wherein the first feed conductor of each first element is inserted into the corresponding RF connector on the antenna base plate, and its first ground conductor is fixedly connected to the antenna base plate by fasteners; Step 3: Install multiple second elements onto the antenna base plate, wherein the second insertion slot of each second element is aligned with and spans the installed first element, so that the second element and the first element are cross-connected. Then, the second feed conductor of each second element is inserted into the corresponding RF connector on the antenna base plate, and its second ground conductor is fixedly connected to the antenna base plate by fasteners.

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