Plant seedling raising soil humidity maintenance device and maintenance process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant seedling raising soil humidity maintenance device and a maintenance process thereof, and relates to the technical field of plant seedling raising. The plant seedling raising device comprises the plant seedling raising box body, a seedling raising pot is arranged in the plant seedling raising box body, a linear telescopic rod is arranged at the top of the inner wall of the plant seedling raising box body in a sliding fit mode, a fixing plate is arranged at the bottom of the linear telescopic rod, and a linear driving assembly corresponding to the linear telescopic rod is arranged at the top of the inner wall of the plant seedling raising box body. Through cooperation of the linear driving assembly and the linear telescopic rod, the soil covering plate flatly covers the soil surface, water evaporation is reduced, a user can input or select corresponding parameters through a human-computer interaction interface of the control panel for different plant varieties or different seedling growing stages, and the control panel is convenient to use. And the intelligent control system can automatically call a matched humidity control strategy to realize refined and differentiated humidity maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plant seedling cultivation, specifically, it relates to a soil moisture maintenance device for plant seedling cultivation and its maintenance process. Background Technology

[0002] In plant factories, greenhouses, nurseries, and large-scale seedling production, seedling raising is a crucial stage that determines the crop's growth cycle, quality, and survival rate. Seedlings have fragile root systems and are extremely sensitive to soil (or seedling substrate) moisture. Excessive moisture leads to soil hypoxia, causing diseases such as root rot, damping-off, and seedling blight, inhibiting root development. Insufficient moisture results in inadequate water supply to seedlings, leading to wilting, stunted growth, and even death. Drastic fluctuations in moisture stress seedlings, affecting their healthy growth and uniformity.

[0003] However, current traditional methods of maintaining soil moisture in seedling cultivation have many shortcomings. For example, manual watering relies on experience and judgment, making it difficult to accurately control the amount and frequency of water, which can easily lead to over- or under-watering. Especially in large-scale seedling cultivation, manual operation is inefficient and inconsistent. Although some timed irrigation systems can automate watering, they are mostly extensive controls that do not take into account the differences in humidity requirements of different seedling stages and different plant species. They also cannot detect the actual soil moisture status in real time, which can easily lead to water waste or failure to meet the growth needs of seedlings.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a plant seedling soil moisture maintenance device and its maintenance process, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A plant seedling soil moisture maintenance device and its maintenance process include: a plant seedling box, a seedling pot provided inside the plant seedling box, a linear telescopic rod slidably fitted on the top of the inner wall of the plant seedling box, a fixing plate provided at the bottom of the linear telescopic rod, and a linear drive component corresponding to the linear telescopic rod provided on the top of the inner wall of the plant seedling box. A soil-turning plow and a soil-covering plate are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate. A water tank and a fertilizer tank are provided on the upper side of the bellflower seedling box. A feeding assembly is provided between the water tank and the fertilizer tank and the fixed plate. A temperature sensor is provided on the inner wall of the bellflower seedling box. A humidity sensor is provided in the seedling pot. The probe of the humidity sensor is located in the soil in the seedling pot. A control panel electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor is provided on one side of the bellflower seedling box. An intelligent control system is provided in the control panel. The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the linear telescopic rod, the linear drive assembly, and the feeding assembly.

[0007] Optionally, the linear telescopic rod can be a pneumatic cylinder, an electric telescopic rod, or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] Optionally, the linear drive component is an electric slide rail or a linear motor.

[0009] Optionally, the feeding assembly includes a feeding port at the bottom of the fixed plate, a valve on the fixed plate corresponding to the feeding port, a telescopic hose on the valve, and a nozzle on the fixed plate connected to the feeding port. The telescopic hose is connected to the water tank and the fertilizer tank respectively.

[0010] Optionally, the top of the plant seedling box is equipped with multiple solar supplement lights connected to the intelligent control system.

[0011] Optionally, the plant seedling box has an observation window on one side.

[0012] Optionally, the plant seedling box has an opening on one side, and a box door is provided inside the opening.

[0013] Optionally, the intelligent control system includes a microprocessor module, a data acquisition module, a drive control module, and a human-machine interaction module.

[0014] Optionally, the data acquisition module is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor respectively, and is used to collect the humidity data of the soil in the seedling pot and the temperature data in the plant seedling box in real time, and convert the collected analog signals into digital signals and transmit them to the microprocessor module. The microprocessor module has preset soil moisture threshold range and box temperature threshold range. After receiving the moisture and temperature data transmitted by the data acquisition module, it compares and analyzes them with the preset thresholds. When the soil moisture is lower than the preset lower threshold, the microprocessor module sends a command to the drive control module. The drive control module controls the valve in the feeding assembly that is connected to the water tank to open, and controls the linear drive assembly and the linear telescopic rod to work together to drive the fixed plate and the soil turning plow, the soil covering plate and the nozzle at its bottom to move, so as to realize the operation of turning soil and spraying water at the same time, until the soil moisture reaches the preset upper threshold and then the valve is closed. When fertilization is required, the fertilization command can be manually input through the human-machine interaction module or automatically triggered by the microprocessor module according to the preset fertilization cycle. At this time, the drive control module controls the valve in the feeding component that is connected to the fertilizer box to open. Similarly, the uniform spreading and covering of fertilizer are completed through the cooperation of the linear drive component and the linear telescopic rod. The human-computer interaction module is also used to display real-time temperature and humidity data and the operating status of the equipment, and can set and modify threshold parameters.

[0015] A soil moisture maintenance process for plant seedling cultivation, applicable to any of the above-mentioned soil moisture maintenance devices for plant seedling cultivation, comprising: Step 1: Place the seedling pot containing the seedling substrate into the plant seedling box through the opening, ensuring that the humidity sensor probe inside the seedling pot is correctly buried in the soil, and close the box door; Step 2: Set parameters such as soil moisture threshold range, internal temperature threshold range, and preset fertilization cycle through the human-computer interaction module on the control panel. The intelligent control system will store the received parameters and use them as the basis for subsequent control. Step 3: The humidity sensor collects the humidity data of the soil in the seedling pot in real time, and the temperature sensor collects the temperature data of the plant seedling box in real time. The data acquisition module converts these analog signals into digital signals and transmits them to the microprocessor module. Step 4: The microprocessor module compares the received humidity data with the preset soil humidity threshold range. When the soil humidity is lower than the preset lower threshold, the microprocessor module sends a command to the drive control module. The drive control module first controls the linear telescopic rod to extend, driving the fixed plate and the soil turning plow, covering plate and nozzle at its bottom to descend, so that the soil turning plow inserts into the soil. Then, it controls the linear drive component to work, driving the linear telescopic rod to move along the length or width of the seedling pot. At the same time, it controls the valve in the feeding component connected to the water tank to open. The water in the water tank is sprayed out from the nozzle through the telescopic hose and the feeding port. The soil turning plow loosens the soil during the movement, and the nozzle follows to spray water, realizing the operation of turning soil and spraying water at the same time. The covering plate performs preliminary leveling of the loosened and sprayed soil. During this process, the humidity sensor continuously monitors the soil humidity until it reaches the preset upper threshold. Then, the microprocessor module controls the valve to close and controls the linear telescopic rod to shorten, driving the fixed plate to rise and reset. Step 5: When the preset fertilization cycle is reached or the fertilization command is manually input through the human-machine interaction module, the microprocessor module sends the fertilization command to the drive control module. The drive control module controls the linear telescopic rod to extend so that the tilling plow head inserts into the soil. Then, it controls the linear drive component to move the fixed plate. At the same time, it opens the valve in the feeding component that is connected to the fertilizer box. The fertilizer in the fertilizer box falls through the telescopic hose and the discharge port. The tilling plow head mixes the fertilizer with the soil evenly. Then, the covering plate covers the soil. After the fertilization operation is completed, the relevant components are reset. Step Six: Throughout the entire maintenance process, the supplemental solar lights will automatically turn on or off according to a preset program, providing a suitable light environment for plant seedling cultivation. The human-machine interface module on the control panel displays the temperature inside the box, soil moisture data, and the operating status of the equipment in real time. Users can view these data at any time and adjust various parameters as needed through the human-machine interface module.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art. Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the following advantages at the same time: The intelligent control system, set within the control panel, receives real-time soil moisture data from a humidity sensor and ambient temperature data from a temperature sensor within the seedling box. This real-time data is compared and analyzed against preset humidity threshold ranges and suitable temperature parameters for different plant species at various seedling stages. When the soil moisture in a seedling pot is detected to be below the lower threshold for that plant's current stage, the intelligent control system immediately initiates the corresponding control command: First, it controls the linear drive assembly to move the linear telescopic rod directly above the target seedling pot. Then, it controls the linear telescopic rod to extend, inserting the soil-turning plow at the bottom of the fixed plate into the soil. Subsequently, the linear drive assembly drives the linear telescopic rod to slowly move along the length of the seedling pot, and the soil-turning plow loosens the compacted soil to facilitate water penetration and root development. After the soil turning is completed, the linear drive component drives the fixed plate to reset or move to the next predetermined position. At this time, the intelligent control system accurately calculates the required amount of watering based on the humidity difference and soil type parameters, and controls the corresponding dispensing component of the water tank to open, so as to evenly spray or drip a measured amount of water into the soil of the seedling pot. If the soil humidity is within the appropriate range, or reaches the appropriate range after watering, the intelligent control system controls the dispensing component to close. As needed, after turning or watering, the linear drive component and the linear telescopic rod work together to make the soil covering plate flatten and cover the soil surface, reducing water evaporation. For different plant species or different seedling stages, users can input or select the corresponding parameters through the human-computer interaction interface of the control panel. The intelligent control system will automatically call the matching humidity control strategy to achieve refined and differentiated humidity maintenance.

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings described below are merely some embodiments. Those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a plant seedling box structure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cabinet door structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plowshare for turning over soil; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding assembly.

[0019] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Plant seedling box; 2. Seedling pot; 3. Observation window; 4. Water tank; 5. Fertilizer tank; 6. Linear drive assembly; 7. Linear telescopic rod; 8. Fixing plate; 9. Soil turning plow; 10. Soil covering plate; 11. Feeding assembly; 11. Valve; 1101. Telescopic hose; 1102. Box door; 12. Control panel; 13. Solar supplement light; 14. Temperature sensor; 15. Humidity sensor; 16. Opening; 17.

[0020] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a plant seedling soil moisture maintenance device and its maintenance process, including: a plant seedling box 1, a seedling pot 2 is provided inside the plant seedling box 1, a linear telescopic rod 7 is slidably fitted on the top of the inner wall of the plant seedling box 1, a fixing plate 8 is provided at the bottom of the linear telescopic rod 7, and a linear drive component 6 corresponding to the linear telescopic rod 7 is provided on the top of the inner wall of the plant seedling box 1. The bottom of the fixed plate 8 is fixedly connected to a soil turning plow 9 and a soil covering plate 10. A water tank 4 and a fertilizer tank 5 are set on the upper side of the bellflower seedling box 1. A feeding component 11 is set between the water tank 4 and the fertilizer tank 5 and the fixed plate 8. A temperature sensor 15 is set on the inner wall of the bellflower seedling box 1. A humidity sensor 16 is set in the seedling pot 2. The probe of the humidity sensor 16 is located in the soil in the seedling pot 2. A control panel 13 is set on one side of the bellflower seedling box 1 and is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 15 and the humidity sensor 16. An intelligent control system is set in the control panel 13. The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the linear telescopic rod 7, the linear drive component 6 and the feeding component 11.

[0023] The intelligent control system set in the control panel 13 can receive real-time soil moisture data from the humidity sensor 16 in the seedling pot 2 and ambient temperature data from the temperature sensor 15 in the plant seedling box 1. The intelligent control system compares and analyzes these real-time data with preset humidity threshold ranges and suitable temperature parameters for different plant species at each seedling stage. When the soil moisture in a seedling pot 2 is detected to be lower than the lower limit threshold for the current stage of the plant, the intelligent control system will immediately activate the corresponding control command: First, it controls the linear drive component 6 to move the linear telescopic rod 7 to directly above the target seedling pot 2. Then, it controls the linear telescopic rod 7 to extend, so that the soil turning head 9 at the bottom of the fixed plate 8 is inserted into the soil. Subsequently, the linear drive component 6 drives the linear telescopic rod 7 to move slowly along the length of the seedling pot 2, and the soil turning head 9 loosens the compacted soil to facilitate water penetration. The soil is turned over and the roots breathe. After the soil turning is completed, the linear drive component 6 drives the fixed plate 8 to reset or move to the next predetermined position. At this time, the intelligent control system accurately calculates the required amount of watering according to the humidity difference and soil type parameters, and controls the corresponding feeding component 11 of the water tank 4 to open, so as to spray or drip a certain amount of water evenly into the soil of the seedling pot 2. If the soil humidity is within the appropriate range, or reaches the appropriate range after watering, the intelligent control system controls the feeding component 11 to close. As needed, after turning over or watering, the soil covering plate 10 can be used to flatten and cover the soil surface through the cooperation of the linear drive component 6 and the linear telescopic rod 7 to reduce water evaporation. For different plant species or different seedling stages, users can input or select the corresponding parameters through the human-computer interaction interface of the control panel 13. The intelligent control system will automatically call the matching humidity control strategy to achieve refined and differentiated humidity maintenance.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the linear telescopic rod 7 is a cylinder, an electric telescopic rod, or a hydraulic cylinder; the linear drive assembly 6 is an electric slide rail or a linear motor.

[0025] Among them, the electric telescopic pole, with its compact structure, high control precision, and fast response speed, is widely used in small and medium-sized seedling devices. Its stroke can be flexibly adjusted according to the length of the seedling pot 2 to ensure that the tilling plow 9 and the covering plate 10 can cover the entire seedling area. The cylinder and hydraulic cylinder are suitable for large seedling equipment with high thrust or load requirements, and can provide stable and strong driving force to ensure the smooth operation of tilling in hard soil conditions. In the linear drive component 6, the electric slide rail is connected to the fixed plate 8 through the slider, which runs smoothly and has a positioning accuracy of up to millimeters, and can accurately control the position of tilling and covering. The linear motor has the advantages of contactless transmission, low noise, and fast acceleration, and can achieve higher speed reciprocating motion, improving the efficiency of the overall maintenance operation. Users can choose the appropriate type of drive component according to the actual equipment specifications and operation requirements.

[0026] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the feeding assembly 11 in this embodiment includes a feeding port opened at the bottom of the fixed plate 8, a valve 1101 set on the fixed plate 8 and corresponding to the feeding port, a telescopic hose 1102 set on the valve 1101, and a nozzle set on the fixed plate 8 and connected to the feeding port. The telescopic hose 1102 is connected to the water tank 4 and the fertilizer tank 5 respectively.

[0027] Among them, valve 1101 adopts an electromagnetic control valve, which can precisely adjust the opening degree and switching time through the device's control system, thereby achieving precise control of irrigation water volume and fertilizer application, avoiding problems such as uneven application, waste, or insufficient application in traditional manual irrigation or fertilization. The telescopic hose 1102 is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant rubber material, with good flexibility and telescopic performance. It can freely extend and retract with the movement of the fixed plate 8, ensuring that water and fertilizer can be stably delivered to the nozzle when irrigation and fertilization are carried out in different positions. The nozzle is designed with a multi-outlet atomizing structure, which can evenly spray water and liquid fertilizer on the soil surface of the seedling pot 2, expand the coverage area, and enable the soil to absorb water and nutrients evenly, which is conducive to seed germination and vigorous seedling growth. At the same time, the size of the discharge port is optimized to match the spray range of the nozzle, ensuring that water or fertilizer delivered from the water tank 4 or fertilizer tank 5 can pass smoothly and avoid blockage, further improving the reliability and stability of the dispensing component 11.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the top of the plant seedling box 1 is equipped with multiple solar supplement lamps 14 that are connected to the intelligent control system.

[0029] Among them, the solar supplement lamp 14 uses high-brightness LED beads, which can simulate the spectral characteristics of natural light to provide sufficient and suitable light conditions for the seedlings in the seedling pot 2. The light intensity and irradiation time can be precisely controlled by the intelligent control system. It can automatically switch the light mode and duration according to the light needs of different plant species at different growth stages. For example, it provides low-intensity continuous light during the seed germination period, and increases the light intensity and adjusts it to the photoperiod that meets the optimal needs of photosynthesis during the seedling growth period. At the same time, the solar supplement lamps 14 are evenly distributed in a matrix at the top of the box 1 to ensure that each seedling pot 2 can receive uniform light, effectively avoiding problems such as seedling etiolation and uneven growth caused by insufficient local light, and significantly improving the quality and survival rate of seedlings.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the plant seedling box 1 in this embodiment has an observation window 3 on one side. The observation window 3 is made of tempered glass with high light transmittance, which can not only effectively isolate the external environment from the interference of temperature and humidity inside the box, but also allow staff to clearly observe the growth status of the plant seedlings in the seedling pot 2, the dryness and wetness of the soil surface, and the presence of pests and diseases without opening the box, which greatly reduces the fluctuation of the environment inside the box caused by frequent opening and inspection.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the plant seedling box 1 in this embodiment has an opening 17 on one side, and a box door 12 is provided inside the opening 17. The box door 12 and the edge of the opening 17 are tightly fitted together by a sealing strip to form a good sealing structure, which further enhances the heat preservation and moisture retention performance of the box 1. The box door 12 adopts a convenient side-pull design for opening. The staff can easily pull it open smoothly along the preset slide rail, which is convenient for taking out and putting in the seedling pot 2, changing the substrate, or performing necessary manual intervention operations.

[0032] The intelligent control system of this embodiment includes a microprocessor module, a data acquisition module, a drive control module, and a human-computer interaction module. The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 15 and the humidity sensor 16 respectively, and is used to collect the humidity data of the soil in the seedling pot 2 and the temperature data in the plant seedling box 1 in real time, and convert the collected analog signals into digital signals and transmit them to the microprocessor module. The microprocessor module has preset soil moisture threshold range and box temperature threshold range. After receiving the moisture and temperature data transmitted by the data acquisition module, it compares and analyzes them with the preset thresholds. When the soil moisture is lower than the preset lower threshold, the microprocessor module sends a command to the drive control module. The drive control module controls the valve 1101 connected to the water tank 4 in the feeding component 11 to open, and controls the linear drive component 6 and the linear telescopic rod 7 to work together to drive the fixed plate 8 and the soil turning plow 9, the soil covering plate 10 and the nozzle at its bottom to move, so as to realize the operation of turning soil and spraying water at the same time, until the soil moisture reaches the preset upper threshold and then the valve 1101 is closed. When fertilization is required, the fertilization command can be manually input through the human-machine interaction module or automatically triggered by the microprocessor module according to the preset fertilization cycle. At this time, the drive control module controls the valve 1101 connected to the fertilizer box 5 in the feeding component 11 to open. Similarly, the uniform spreading of fertilizer and covering with soil are completed through the cooperation of the linear drive component 6 and the linear telescopic rod 7. The human-computer interaction module is also used to display real-time temperature and humidity data as well as the operating status of the equipment, and can set and modify threshold parameters.

[0033] The microprocessor module uses an STM32 series microcontroller as its core control unit. This chip features high performance and low power consumption, enabling it to quickly process large amounts of environmental parameters transmitted by the data acquisition module and efficiently execute control logic, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of the entire maintenance process. The data acquisition module uses a high-precision A / D conversion chip with a resolution of 16 bits, which can accurately convert the weak analog signals output by the temperature and humidity sensors, effectively avoiding data errors caused by signal interference and ensuring the reliability of the acquired data. The drive control module integrates multiple relays and motor drive chips, enabling precise control of the valve's on / off state, the running speed and stroke of the linear drive component, and the extension and retraction length of the linear telescopic rod. For example, during soil turning, the linear drive component can preset a movement path according to the size of the seedling pot, allowing the tiller to loosen the soil at a set depth and spacing. The water flow rate of the sprinkler head can be controlled by the microprocessor module based on the soil moisture content. The system dynamically adjusts the humidity levels to prevent localized over- or under-humidity. The human-machine interface module features a 3.5-inch TFT color touchscreen and physical buttons. Users can intuitively view real-time data curves and equipment operation logs via touch, and quickly switch between automatic and manual modes using the buttons. When equipment malfunctions (such as sensor failure, water shortage in the water tank, or empty fertilizer tank), the touchscreen displays the corresponding fault code and triggers a buzzer alarm to alert the user. Furthermore, the intelligent control system has a built-in data storage unit that periodically stores collected temperature and humidity data, as well as equipment operation records. Data can be exported via USB, facilitating retrospective analysis of the seedling process and optimization of maintenance strategies.

[0034] This embodiment provides a soil moisture maintenance process for plant seedling cultivation, and a soil moisture maintenance device for plant seedling cultivation applicable to any of the above embodiments, comprising: Step 1: Place the seedling pot 2 containing the seedling substrate into the plant seedling box 1 through the opening 17, ensure that the humidity sensor 16 probe inside the seedling pot 2 is correctly buried in the soil, and close the box door 12. Step 2: Set parameters such as soil moisture threshold range, box temperature threshold range, and preset fertilization cycle through the human-computer interaction module of control panel 13. The intelligent control system will store the received parameters and use them as the basis for subsequent control. Step 3: Humidity sensor 16 collects the humidity data of the soil in the seedling pot 2 in real time, and temperature sensor 15 collects the temperature data of the plant seedling box 1 in real time. The data acquisition module converts these analog signals into digital signals and transmits them to the microprocessor module. Step 4: The microprocessor module compares the received humidity data with the preset soil humidity threshold range. When the soil humidity is lower than the preset lower threshold, the microprocessor module sends a command to the drive control module. The drive control module first controls the linear telescopic rod 7 to extend, causing the fixed plate 8 and its bottom tiller 9, covering plate 10, and nozzle to descend, so that the tiller 9 inserts into the soil. Then, it controls the linear drive assembly 6 to work, driving the linear telescopic rod 7 to move along the length or width of the seedling pot 2, while simultaneously controlling the material feeding assembly 11 to... When the valve 1101 connected to the water tank 4 is opened, the water in the water tank 4 is sprayed out from the nozzle through the telescopic hose 1102 and the material outlet. The soil turning plow 9 loosens the soil during the movement, and the nozzle follows to spray water, realizing the operation of turning the soil and spraying water at the same time. The soil covering plate 10 performs preliminary leveling of the loosened and sprayed soil. During this process, the humidity sensor 16 continuously monitors the soil moisture until it reaches the preset upper limit threshold. Then, the microprocessor module controls the valve 1101 to close and controls the linear telescopic rod 7 to shorten, driving the fixed plate 8 to rise and reset. Step 5: When the preset fertilization cycle is reached or the fertilization command is manually input through the human-machine interaction module, the microprocessor module sends the fertilization command to the drive control module. The drive control module controls the linear telescopic rod 7 to extend so that the tilling plow head 9 inserts into the soil. Then, it controls the linear drive assembly 6 to move the fixed plate 8. At the same time, it opens the valve 1101 in the feeding assembly 11 that is connected to the fertilizer box 5. The fertilizer in the fertilizer box 5 falls through the telescopic hose 1102 and the discharge port. The tilling plow head 9 mixes the fertilizer with the soil evenly. Then, the covering plate 10 covers the soil. After the fertilization operation is completed, the relevant components are reset. Step Six: Throughout the entire maintenance process, the solar supplement lamp 14 will automatically turn on or off according to the preset program to provide a suitable light environment for plant seedling cultivation. The human-machine interaction module of the control panel 13 displays the temperature inside the box, soil moisture data, and the operating status of the equipment in real time. Users can view the data at any time and adjust the parameters as needed through the human-machine interaction module.

[0035] This invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Anyone should understand that structural changes made under the guidance of this invention, and any technical solutions that are the same as or similar to this invention, fall within the protection scope of this invention. Technical aspects, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this invention are all publicly known technologies.

Claims

1. A soil moisture maintenance device for plant seedling cultivation, characterized in that, include: The plant seedling box (1) is provided with a seedling pot (2) inside. A linear telescopic rod (7) is slidably fitted on the top of the inner wall of the plant seedling box (1). A fixing plate (8) is provided at the bottom of the linear telescopic rod (7). A linear drive component (6) corresponding to the linear telescopic rod (7) is provided on the top of the inner wall of the plant seedling box (1). The bottom of the fixed plate (8) is fixedly connected to a soil turning plow (9) and a soil covering plate (10). A water tank (4) and a fertilizer tank (5) are provided on the upper side of the bellflower seedling box (1). A feeding component (11) is provided between the water tank (4) and the fertilizer tank (5) and the fixed plate (8). A temperature sensor (15) is provided on the inner wall of the bellflower seedling box (1). A humidity sensor (16) is provided in the seedling pot (2). The probe of the humidity sensor (16) is located in the soil in the seedling pot (2). A control panel (13) is provided on one side of the bellflower seedling box (1) and is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (15) and the humidity sensor (16). An intelligent control system is provided in the control panel (13). The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the linear telescopic rod (7), the linear drive component (6) and the feeding component (11).

2. The plant seedling soil moisture maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear telescopic rod (7) is a pneumatic cylinder, an electric telescopic rod, or a hydraulic cylinder.

3. The plant seedling soil moisture maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear drive component (6) is an electric slide rail or a linear motor.

4. The plant seedling soil moisture maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding assembly (11) includes a feeding port at the bottom of the fixed plate (8), a valve (1101) on the fixed plate (8) and corresponding to the feeding port, a telescopic hose (1102) on the valve (1101), and a nozzle on the fixed plate (8) and connected to the feeding port. The telescopic hose (1102) is connected to the water tank (4) and the fertilizer tank (5) respectively.

5. The plant seedling soil moisture maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the plant seedling box (1) is equipped with multiple solar supplement lamps (14) that are connected to the intelligent control system.

6. The plant seedling soil moisture maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant seedling box (1) has an observation window (3) on one side.

7. The plant seedling soil moisture maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant seedling box (1) has an opening (17) on one side, and a box door (12) is provided inside the opening (17).

8. The plant seedling soil moisture maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control system includes a microprocessor module, a data acquisition module, a drive control module, and a human-computer interaction module.

9. A soil moisture maintenance device for plant seedling cultivation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (15) and the humidity sensor (16) respectively, and is used to collect the humidity data of the soil in the seedling pot (2) and the temperature data in the plant seedling box (1) in real time, and convert the collected analog signals into digital signals and transmit them to the microprocessor module. The microprocessor module has a preset soil moisture threshold range and a box temperature threshold range. After receiving the moisture and temperature data transmitted by the data acquisition module, it compares and analyzes the data with the preset thresholds. When the soil moisture is lower than the preset lower threshold, the microprocessor module sends an instruction to the drive control module. The drive control module controls the valve (1101) in the feeding assembly (11) that is connected to the water tank (4) to open, and controls the linear drive assembly (6) and the linear telescopic rod (7) to work together to drive the fixed plate (8) and the soil turning plow (9), the soil covering plate (10) and the nozzle at its bottom to move, so as to realize the operation of turning soil and spraying water at the same time, until the soil moisture reaches the preset upper threshold and then the valve (1101) is closed. When fertilization is required, the fertilization command can be manually input through the human-machine interaction module or automatically triggered by the microprocessor module according to the preset fertilization cycle. At this time, the drive control module controls the valve (1101) connected to the fertilizer box (5) in the feeding component (11) to open. Similarly, the uniform spreading and covering of fertilizer are completed through the cooperation of the linear drive component (6) and the linear telescopic rod (7). The human-computer interaction module is also used to display real-time temperature and humidity data as well as the operating status of the equipment, and can set and modify threshold parameters.

10. A soil moisture maintenance process for plant seedling cultivation, applicable to any of the plant seedling soil moisture maintenance devices described in claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Place the seedling pot (2) containing the seedling substrate into the plant seedling box (1) through the opening (17), ensure that the humidity sensor (16) probe in the seedling pot (2) is correctly buried in the soil, and close the box door (12). Step 2: Set parameters such as soil moisture threshold range, box temperature threshold range and preset fertilization cycle through the human-computer interaction module of the control panel (13). The intelligent control system will store the received parameters and use them as the basis for subsequent control. Step 3: The humidity sensor (16) collects the humidity data of the soil in the seedling pot (2) in real time, and the temperature sensor (15) collects the temperature data in the plant seedling box (1) in real time. The data acquisition module converts these analog signals into digital signals and transmits them to the microprocessor module. Step 4: The microprocessor module compares the received humidity data with the preset soil humidity threshold range. When the soil humidity is lower than the preset lower threshold, the microprocessor module sends an instruction to the drive control module. The drive control module first controls the linear telescopic rod (7) to extend, driving the fixed plate (8) and its bottom soil turning plow (9), soil covering plate (10) and nozzle to descend, so that the soil turning plow (9) is inserted into the soil. Then, it controls the linear drive assembly (6) to work, driving the linear telescopic rod (7) to move along the length or width of the seedling pot (2), while controlling the water in the feeding assembly (11). The valve (1101) connected to the tank (4) is opened, and the water in the tank (4) is sprayed out from the nozzle through the telescopic hose (1102) and the discharge port. The soil turning plow (9) loosens the soil during the movement, and the nozzle follows to spray water, realizing the operation of turning soil and spraying water at the same time. The soil covering plate (10) performs preliminary leveling of the soil after it is loosened and sprayed with water. During this process, the humidity sensor (16) continuously monitors the soil humidity until it reaches the preset upper limit threshold. Then, the microprocessor module controls the valve (1101) to close and controls the linear telescopic rod (7) to shorten, driving the fixed plate (8) to rise and reset. Step 5: When the preset fertilization cycle is reached or the fertilization command is manually input through the human-machine interaction module, the microprocessor module sends the fertilization command to the drive control module. The drive control module controls the linear telescopic rod (7) to extend so that the soil turning plow (9) is inserted into the soil. Then, it controls the linear drive assembly (6) to drive the fixed plate (8) to move. At the same time, it opens the valve (1101) in the feeding assembly (11) that is connected to the fertilizer box (5). The fertilizer in the fertilizer box (5) falls through the telescopic hose (1102) and the discharge port. The soil turning plow (9) mixes the fertilizer with the soil evenly. Then, the soil covering plate (10) covers the soil. After the fertilization operation is completed, the relevant components are reset. Step 6: Throughout the maintenance process, the solar supplement lamp (14) will automatically turn on or off according to the preset program to provide a suitable light environment for plant seedling cultivation. The human-computer interaction module of the control panel (13) displays the temperature inside the box, soil moisture data and the operating status of the equipment in real time. Users can view and adjust various parameters through the human-computer interaction module as needed.

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