Forging and trimming integrated die for E-shaped bolt and forging method of forging and trimming integrated die

Abstract

The E-shaped bolt forging and trimming integrated die comprises an upper die base and a lower die base which are oppositely arranged, and a pre-forging die cavity, a finish-forging die cavity and a trimming upper die are arranged on the bottom face of the upper die base; a pre-forging die cavity, a finish-forging die cavity and a lower trimming die cavity are formed in the top face of the lower die base. One of the opposite side faces of the upper die base and the lower die base is provided with a pre-shaping groove, the other one is provided with a pre-shaping protrusion, the pre-shaping groove is right opposite to the pre-shaping protrusion, and an inner concave part is arranged in the middle of the pre-shaping protrusion. A transfer mechanism is further arranged on the lower die base, and vertically-extending positioning pins are arranged at the positions of the pre-forging die cavity, the finish-forging die cavity and the trimming lower die cavity in an adjacent mode. By means of the pre-shaping groove and the pre-shaping protrusion, pre-shaping of a blank can be completed through one-time stamping, and the production efficiency of the forging die is improved; and the blank can be automatically transferred among the pre-forging die cavity, the finish-forging die cavity and the trimming lower die cavity through the transferring mechanism, and the production efficiency of the forging die is further improved. The invention further discloses a forging method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of forging die technology, and particularly relates to an integrated forging and trimming die for E-type bolts and its forging method. Background Technology

[0002] Forging dies are tools that can shape billets into forgings and are essential key process equipment in the production of forgings.

[0003] The structure of an E-type bolt is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the E-bolt includes a connecting part and three studs located on the same side of the connecting part. Existing blanks for forging E-bolts are typically cylindrical. If directly processed using a forging die, the studs of the E-bolt are difficult to form completely. Therefore, an air hammer is needed to pre-form the blank to give it the approximate shape of an E-bolt. However, the pre-forming process requires operators to repeatedly flip the blank, increasing labor costs and reducing the production efficiency of E-bolts. Furthermore, during the subsequent die forging process, operators need to use forging pliers to adjust the blank's position, further reducing the production efficiency of E-bolts.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing integrated forging and trimming die for E-type bolts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the objectives of this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide an integrated forging and trimming die for E-type bolts, thereby improving the efficiency of forging dies in producing E-type bolts.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of the integrated forging and trimming die for the E-type bolt of the present invention is as follows: An integrated forging and trimming die for an E-type bolt includes an upper die base and a lower die base arranged opposite to each other. The bottom surface of the upper die base is provided with a pre-forging die cavity, a final forging die cavity and a trimming upper die in sequence along its width direction. The top surface of the lower die base is provided with a pre-forging die cavity, a final forging die cavity, and a trimming lower die cavity in sequence along its width direction; The upper mold base and the lower mold base have opposite sides, one of which is provided with a pre-formed groove and the other with a pre-formed protrusion. The pre-formed groove and the pre-formed protrusion are directly opposite each other, and the pre-formed protrusion has a concave portion in the middle. The lower die base is also provided with a transfer mechanism, which is configured to move the forging blank. Vertically extending positioning pins are provided adjacent to the pre-forging die cavity, the final forging die cavity and the trimming lower die cavity.

[0007] Preferably, in order to improve the pre-forming effect of the blank, the pre-forming groove is provided on the lower die base and is located on the side of the pre-forging die cavity away from the final forging die cavity. A protrusion is provided in the middle of the bottom of the pre-forming groove, and the protrusion is positioned opposite the concave part. Positioning grooves are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the pre-forming groove.

[0008] Preferably, in order to effectively transfer the blank, one transfer mechanism is provided on each of the two sides of the lower die base; The transfer mechanism includes a base, a translation seat that is slidably disposed on the base along the width direction of the upper mold base, a lifting seat that is raised and lowered on the translation seat, a rotating arm that is horizontally rotatably disposed on the lifting seat, and a support plate that is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating arm. The support plate is configured to support the end of the forging blank.

[0009] Preferably, in order to facilitate the transfer of the billet into the pre-forging die cavity, the length of the base is greater than the width of the lower die base, so that the translation seat can move along the base to the side of the predetermined cavity opposite to the pre-forging die cavity; The width of the pallet is greater than or equal to the maximum width of the pre-forging die cavity, and it is T-shapedly distributed with the rotating arm.

[0010] Preferably, in order to facilitate the positioning of the blank, both the pre-forging die cavity and the final forging die cavity include a connecting part forming cavity and a stud part forming cavity. At least two positioning pins are provided on both sides of the connecting part forming cavity. The positioning pin located on the side of the connecting part forming cavity adjacent to the stud part forming cavity is arranged close to the stud part forming cavity. The bottom surface of the upper die base is provided with a plurality of positioning holes. The number of positioning holes is consistent with the number of insertion holes and corresponds one-to-one. The positioning pins that are located adjacent to the lower die cavity of the cutting edge are all located on the side of the lower die cavity of the cutting edge that is close to the final forging die cavity; The positions of the positioning pins located adjacent to the pre-forging die cavity, the final forging die cavity, and the trimming lower die cavity correspond to each other.

[0011] Preferably, in order to enable the retraction and extension of the positioning pin and facilitate the closing of the forging die, the top surface of the lower die base is provided with an insertion hole, the positioning pin is coaxially slidably disposed in the insertion hole, and a first spring is also provided in the insertion hole, the two ends of the first spring being connected to the bottom wall of the insertion hole and the bottom end of the positioning pin, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, to facilitate demolding of the blank, the top of the positioning pin is a hemispherical or conical structure, and multiple slots are circumferentially arranged around its axis on the outer periphery of the positioning pin. The slots extend radially along the positioning pin, and a wedge block is slidably fitted inside the slot. The wedge block is connected to the bottom wall of the slot by a second spring. The distance between the side of the wedge block away from the axis of the positioning pin and the axis of the positioning pin gradually increases vertically upward.

[0013] Preferably, in order to remove oxide scale from the billet and the lower die holder and improve the quality of forgings produced by the forging die, a plurality of air holes are provided circumferentially on the outer periphery of the top of the locating pin, and the axis of the air holes is set at an angle to the horizontal plane. The lower mold base has a first air passage connecting each of the insertion holes, and the positioning pin has a second air passage. Each of the air holes is connected to the second air passage through the first air passage. The first air passage is also connected to an air pump.

[0014] Preferably, in order to facilitate the automatic removal of the final forging from the forging die and improve the production efficiency of the forging die, the trimming lower die cavity is provided vertically through the lower die base, and the bottom of the lower die base is provided with a discharge port that communicates with the trimming lower die cavity.

[0015] The second objective of this invention is to provide a forging method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Cut the cylindrical raw material into blanks of a fixed length; Step 2: The billet is heated sequentially in the low-temperature preheating zone, the medium-temperature preheating zone and the high-temperature heating zone of the heating furnace to 1170℃-1230℃; Step 3: The heated billet is subjected to pre-forming, initial forging, final forging and flash trimming in sequence to obtain forgings, and the forgings are placed in a sand box for air cooling to room temperature; Step 4: Measure the dimensions of the forging and visually inspect the surface defects of the forging; Step 5: Grind the qualified forgings to remove oxide scale and defects from the surface of the forgings; Step 6: After grinding, the forging is placed in a heating furnace and heated to 850℃-870℃. Then it is placed in a heat preservation chamber and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. After that, it is air-cooled to room temperature to complete the normalizing treatment of the forging. Step 7: After the forging is quenched and tempered; Step 8: Correct the shape of the forging; Step 9: After grinding the forgings again, spray paint and apply anti-rust oil, and finally put them into storage.

[0016] The integrated forging and trimming die for the E-type bolt of the present invention has the following advantages: Through the pre-forming groove and pre-forming protrusion, the blank can be pre-shaped in a single stamping, allowing the blank to better fill each die cavity during subsequent forging, thus improving the production efficiency of the forging die; simultaneously, the transfer mechanism can automatically transfer the blank between the pre-forging die cavity, the final forging die cavity, and the trimming lower die cavity, further improving the production efficiency of the forging die, while reducing manpower consumption, allowing operators to operate without approaching the forging die, thus improving the safety of using the forging die. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the E-type bolt in the prior art of this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the forging die in the closed state according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the forging die in the open state of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper mold base of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the transfer mechanism and the lower mold base of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the positioning pin of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower mold base of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the lower mold base of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning pin of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the wedge block and the positioning pin of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the locating pin of the present invention; Explanation of markings in the diagram: 1. Upper die base; 2. Lower die base; 3. Transfer mechanism; 5. Positioning pin; 101. Pre-forging die cavity; 102. Final forging die cavity; 103. Upper trimming die; 104. Positioning hole; 105. Pre-formed protrusion; 106. Recess; 1011. Connecting part forming cavity; 1012. Stud part forming cavity; 201. Protrusion; 202. Insertion hole; 203. Lower trimming die cavity; 204. Discharge port; 205. Pre-formed groove; 206. Positioning groove; 301. Base; 302. 303. Slide groove; 304. First power component; 305. Translation seat; 306. Lifting seat; 307. Guide post; 308. Guide hole; 309. Lifting power component; 310. Second power component; 311. Rotating sleeve; 312. Support shaft; 313. Rotating arm; 314. Support plate; 401. Air pump; 402. First air passage; 501. First spring; 502. Slot; 503. Air hole; 504. Limit screw; 505. Wedge block; 506. Second spring; 507. Second air passage. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The terms "top surface," "bottom surface," and "full surface" refer to the normal operating state of the forging and trimming integrated mold for E-type bolts. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0020] In the prior art, the structure of an E-bolt is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a connecting part, and has three studs on the same side of the connecting part, two of which are located at both ends of the connecting part and the other is located in the middle of the connecting part.

[0021] like Figure 2-5As shown, an integrated forging and trimming die for an E-type bolt includes an upper die base 1 and a lower die base 2 arranged opposite to each other. The bottom surface of the upper die base 1 is provided with a pre-forging die cavity 101, a final forging die cavity 102, and a trimming upper die 103 in sequence along its width direction. The top surface of the lower die base 2 is provided with a pre-forging die cavity 101, a final forging die cavity 102, and a trimming lower die cavity 203 in sequence along its width direction. On the opposite sides of the upper die base 1 and the lower die base 2, one is provided with a pre-formed groove 205, and the other is provided with a pre-formed protrusion 105. The pre-formed groove 205 and the pre-formed protrusion 105 are directly opposite each other. The center of the pre-formed protrusion 105 is provided with an inner recess 106. The lower die base 2 is also provided with a transfer mechanism 3, which is configured to move the forging blank. Vertically extending positioning pins 5 are provided adjacent to the pre-forging die cavity 101, the final forging die cavity 102, and the trimming lower die cavity 203.

[0022] The forging die described above is used to forge E-bolts. When the die is closed, the two pre-forging cavities 101 are closed to each other for pre-forging of the billet, and the two final forging cavities 102 are closed to each other for final forging of the billet. The upper trimming die 103 and the lower trimming die 203 cooperate with each other to remove the flash of the billet after final forging and finally obtain the forged part.

[0023] In the forging die described above, a pre-formed protrusion 105 is integrally formed on the upper die base 1, and a pre-formed groove 205 is integrally formed on the lower die base 2. Specifically, two protrusions are provided on the mating surface of the lower die base 2, thereby forming a pre-formed groove 205 between the two protrusions. The bottom of the pre-formed groove 205 is flush with the mating surface of the lower die base 2, which facilitates the transfer of the blank between the pre-formed groove 205 and the pre-selected die cavity 101. After the forging die is closed, the pre-formed protrusion 105 enters the interior of the pre-formed groove 205, with a U-shaped gap between them, which allows the two ends of the cylindrical blank to be bent upwards to form a U-shape. The structure allows the billet to be compressed and enter the interior of the concave portion 106, thus forming a protrusion in the middle of the top surface of the cylindrical billet. In the subsequent forging process, the bent portions at both ends and the protruding portion in the middle of the cylindrical billet can be effectively formed into three stud portions. With the setting of the pre-formed protrusion 105, the pre-formed groove 205 and the concave portion 106, the forging die can complete the pre-forming operation of the billet in one mold closing. Compared with the traditional pre-forming method of using an air hammer and repeated hammering, it greatly reduces manpower consumption, improves the forging efficiency of the forging die, and has higher pre-forming accuracy, thus improving the quality of E-bolts produced by the forging die.

[0024] In this forging die, the transfer mechanism 3 can automatically transfer the billet that has been shaped inside the pre-forming groove 205 to the pre-forging die cavity 101, the final forging die cavity 102, and the trimming lower die cavity 203 in sequence to complete the pre-forging, final forging, and trimming of the billet. The positioning pin 5 can position the billet so that it falls accurately into the pre-forging die cavity 101, the final forging die cavity 102, and the trimming lower die cavity 203. It can also push the flash off from the lower die base 2. Compared with the traditional forging process where the operator moves the billet by holding forging tongs, the efficiency of forging is greatly improved. Moreover, the operator does not need to approach the forging die to operate, which greatly improves the safety of forging die production.

[0025] Further improvements include, for example Figure 5 As shown, the pre-forming groove 205 is set on the lower die base 2 and located on the side of the pre-forging die cavity 101 opposite to the final forging die cavity 102. A protrusion 201 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the pre-forming groove 205, which is directly opposite the concave part 106. Positioning grooves 206 are provided on both inner walls of the pre-forming groove 205. The protrusion 201 and the concave part 106 cooperate with each other to allow the billet to be better filled into the interior of the concave part 106, thereby effectively forming the bolt part in the middle during the subsequent forging process, thus improving the quality of the E-shaped forging produced by the forging die. The positioning groove 206 has a semi-circular structure and its opening direction allows the operator to manually insert both ends of the cylindrical material into the positioning groove 206, thereby completing the positioning of the billet before pre-forming. It can also be used to detect the length of the cylindrical material, effectively control the quantity of billets, improve the pre-forming effect and forging effect of the billets in the subsequent process, and improve the ease of use of the forging die.

[0026] A further improvement is that a transfer mechanism 3 is provided on each side of the lower die base 2; the transfer mechanism 3 includes a base 301, a translation seat 304 is slidably provided on the base 301 along the width direction of the upper die base 1, a lifting seat 305 is raised and lowered on the translation seat 304, a rotating arm 312 is horizontally rotatably provided on the lifting seat 305, and a support plate 313 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating arm 312, the support plate 313 is configured to support the end of the forging blank.

[0027] The following is combined Figure 7 and Figure 9The specific structure and working principle of the transfer mechanism 3 are described below. The base 301 is integrally formed and disposed on both sides of the lower mold base 2 along the length direction. A slide groove 302 extending along the width direction of the lower mold base 2 is formed on the top surface of the base 301. A first power component 303 that is transmitted and connected to the translation seat 304 is disposed inside the slide groove 302. Specifically, the first power component 303 includes a lead screw that is rotatably disposed inside the slide groove 302 and a servo motor that is fixed on the base 301 and transmitted and connected to the lead screw. The bottom of the translation seat 304 has a sliding surface that slides with the slide groove 302. The sliding block is threadedly connected to the lead screw. During operation, the lead screw is driven by a servo motor to rotate, thereby pushing the lead screw to move along the slide groove 302, ultimately realizing the reciprocating movement of the push plate 313 along the width direction of the lower mold base 2. A vertically extending guide hole 301 is provided on the top surface of the translation seat 304, and a guide post 306 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lifting seat 305. The guide post 306 and the guide hole 301 are coaxially and slidably engaged to guide and support the lifting seat 305 during lifting. The translation seat 304 is equipped with a lifting mechanism that is connected to the lifting seat 305 in a transmission manner. The power component 308, specifically the lifting power component 308, is a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting seat 305 to rise and fall, ultimately achieving the lifting and falling of the pallet 313. A support shaft 311 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the lifting seat 305. A rotating sleeve 310 is connected to the support shaft 311 via bearings. The rotating sleeve 310 is fixedly connected to the pallet 313 via a horizontally extending rotating wall 312. Furthermore, a second power component 309 is provided on the lifting seat 305, which is drively connected to the rotating sleeve 310. Specifically, the second power component 309 includes a servo motor. A drive gear is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the machine, and a gear ring is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the rotating sleeve 310. The gear ring meshes with the drive gear. The drive gear is driven to rotate by a servo motor. Then, the drive gear and the gear ring transmit power to drive the support plate 313 to rotate around the support shaft 311. This allows the support plate 313 to extend between the upper die holder 1 and the lower die holder 2. By controlling the movement of the two support plates 313 at the same time, the blank can be clamped and released, and the blank can be moved. Finally, the blank can be rotated, improving the production efficiency of the forging die.

[0028] Further improvements include, for example Figure 7As shown, the length of the base 301 is greater than the width of the lower mold base 2, so that the translation seat 304 can move along the base 301 to the side of the predetermined cavity away from the pre-forging mold cavity 101; the width of the support plate 313 is greater than or equal to the maximum width of the pre-forging mold cavity 101, and is T-shaped with the rotating arm 312. The support plate 313 can move according to a predetermined path or be manually controlled to move. When the support plate 313 moves to the side of the pre-formed groove 205 away from the pre-forging die cavity 101, it can easily push the blank inside the pre-formed groove 205 toward the pre-forging die cavity 101, so that the blank flows into the pre-forging die cavity 101. After the rotating wall 312 and the support plate 313 are combined to form a T-shaped structure, it is convenient to extend the support plate 313 into the pre-formed groove 205, so as to push the blank to the pre-forging die cavity 101. When pushing the blank, the orientation of the bent part on the blank can be controlled by controlling the height of pushing the blank, so as to effectively adapt to the orientation of the stud forming cavity 1012 in the subsequent pre-forging die cavity 101.

[0029] Further improvements include, for example Figure 5 As shown, both the pre-forging die cavity 101 and the final forging die cavity 102 include a connecting part forming cavity 1011 and a stud part forming cavity 1012. At least two positioning pins 5 are provided on both sides of the connecting part forming cavity 1011. The positioning pin 5 located on the side of the connecting part forming cavity 1011 adjacent to the stud part forming cavity 1012 is arranged close to the stud part forming cavity 1012. The bottom surface of the upper die base 1 is provided with multiple positioning holes 104. The number of positioning holes 104 is consistent with the number of insertion holes 202 and corresponds one-to-one. The positioning pins 5 arranged close to the trimming lower die cavity 203 are all located on the side of the trimming lower die cavity 203 adjacent to the final forging die cavity 102. The positions of the positioning pins 5 arranged close to the pre-forging die cavity 101, the final forging die cavity 102 and the trimming lower die cavity 203 correspond to each other.

[0030] When the above-mentioned forging die is used, the positioning pin 5 is vertically set on the top surface of the lower die base 2. In the closed state, the positioning pin 5 is inserted into the insertion hole 202 to support and fix the top of the positioning pin 5 through the insertion hole 202, thereby improving the stability of the positioning pin 5. First, two positioning pins 5 are respectively set on both sides of the connecting part forming cavity 1011 of the pre-forging die cavity 101. The two positioning pins 5 near the stud forming cavity 1012 are set adjacent to the two stud forming cavities 1012 located at both ends of the connecting part forming cavity 1011. The pre-formed blank inside the pre-forming groove 205 is sent to the pre-forging die cavity 101 by the support plate 313. During the process of the blank falling into the pre-forging die cavity 101, the positioning pin 5 limits the blank, so that the blank falls into the pre-forming groove 205. Then the die is closed to pre-forge the blank. At the same time, the positioning pins 5 around the pre-forging die cavity 101 support the blank. A notch is left on the flash formed during pre-forging. Then, the pallet 313 sends the pre-forged billet to the final forging die cavity 102. The number and position of the positioning pins 5 around the final forging die cavity 102 are the same as those in the pre-forging die cavity 101. When the billet is placed into the final forging die cavity 102, the positioning pins 5 insert into the corresponding notches on the flash, achieving precise positioning of the billet, thus ensuring the billet falls accurately into the final forging die cavity 102. Afterwards, the die is closed for final forging. At this time, the positioning pins 5 can be used to retain the notches on the flash. After final forging, the pallet 313 sends the billet to the trimming die cavity 203. The trimming die cavity 203 only has positioning pins 5 on one side near the final forging die cavity 102. When the final forged billet is placed into the trimming die cavity 203, the positioning pins 5 still cooperate with the notches on the flash for positioning, ensuring the billet falls accurately into the trimming die cavity 203. For example... Figure 5 , 6 As shown in Figure 8, the lower die cavity 203 for trimming is vertically installed through the lower die base 2. The bottom of the lower die base 2 has a discharge port 204 that communicates with the lower die cavity 203 for trimming. After the die is closed, the upper die 103 for trimming and the lower die cavity 203 for trimming cooperate to remove the flash on the blank. The forging after being cut off falls down the lower die cavity 203 to the discharge port 204, thus completing the forging of the E-bolt. The flash left in the lower die cavity 203 is pushed down from the lower die base 2 by the support plate 313. No positioning pin 5 is provided on the side of the lower die cavity 203 that is away from the final forging die cavity 102. This can avoid obstructing the operation when pushing down the flash, so that the support plate 313 only needs to complete the pushing operation without raising the flash above the positioning pin 5, which can effectively improve the operation efficiency.

[0031] Further improvements include, for example Figure 6 and 8As shown in Figures 10-12, the top surface of the lower mold base 2 has an insertion hole 202. The positioning pin 5 is coaxially slidably disposed in the insertion hole 202. A first spring 501 is also disposed in the insertion hole 202. The two ends of the first spring 501 are respectively connected to the bottom wall of the insertion hole 202 and the bottom end of the positioning pin 5. The top end of the positioning pin 5 is a hemispherical structure or a conical structure. Multiple slots 502 are circumferentially disposed around the center line of the positioning pin 5. The inner wall of the opening of the slot 502 is... A limit screw 504 is connected to the upper thread to limit the movement of the wedge block 505 and prevent the wedge block 505 from falling out of the slot 502. The slot 502 extends radially along the positioning pin 5. The wedge block 505 is slidably fitted inside the slot 502. The wedge block 505 is connected to the bottom wall of the slot 502 by the second spring 506. The distance between the side of the wedge block 505 away from the axis of the positioning pin 5 and the axis of the positioning pin 5 gradually increases vertically upward.

[0032] In the forging die described above, during die closing, the positioning pin 5 can be pushed into the insertion hole 202 through the upper die holder 1. When the positioning pin 5 is retracted into the insertion hole 202, the hole wall of the insertion hole 202 will push the wedge block 505 to retract. When the forging die is opened, the first spring 501 pushes the positioning pin 5 to rise, and at the same time, the second spring 506 pushes the wedge block 505 to reset, so that the end of the wedge block 505 away from the axis of the positioning pin 5 extends out of the slot 502. Thus, the flash of the billet can be pushed from below by the wedge block 505, thereby lifting the billet and realizing the demolding operation of the billet. At the same time, after the billet is lifted, the support plate 313 can easily extend under the billet to lift the billet without the support plate 313 demolding the billet, reducing the load on the support plate 313 and extending its service life.

[0033] Further improvements include, for example Figure 10-12 As shown, multiple air holes 503 are arranged circumferentially on the outer periphery of the top of the positioning pin 5, and the axis of the air holes 503 is set at an angle to the horizontal plane; the lower mold base 2 is provided with a first air passage 402 connecting each insertion hole 202, and the positioning pin 5 is provided with a second air passage 507. Each air hole 503 is connected to the second air passage 507 through the first air passage 402. The first air passage 402 is also connected to an air pump 401.

[0034] In this forging die, an air pump 401 delivers external air to the air hole 503 and sprays it out, thereby blowing off the oxide scale on the billet and the lower die base 2 through the airflow, thus improving the quality of the E-shaped forgings forged by the forging die; and the air pump 401 can also perform air extraction to create a negative pressure inside the insertion hole 202, thereby drawing the positioning pin 5 into the insertion hole 202 through the negative pressure, realizing the storage operation of the positioning pin 5, thus improving the convenience of using the forging die.

[0035] A forging method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Cut the cylindrical raw material into blanks of a fixed length; Step 2: The billet is heated sequentially in the low-temperature preheating zone, the medium-temperature preheating zone and the high-temperature heating zone of the heating furnace to 1170℃-1230℃; Step 3: The heated billet is subjected to pre-forming, initial forging, final forging and flash trimming in sequence to obtain forgings, and the forgings are placed in a sand box for air cooling to room temperature; Step 4: Measure the dimensions of the forging and visually inspect the surface defects of the forging; Step 5: Grind the qualified forgings to remove oxide scale and defects from the surface of the forgings; Step 6: After grinding, the forging is placed in a heating furnace and heated to 850℃-870℃. Then it is placed in a heat preservation chamber and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. After that, it is air-cooled to room temperature to complete the normalizing treatment of the forging. Step 7: After the forging is quenched and tempered; Step 8: Correct the shape of the forging; Step 9: After grinding the forgings again, spray paint and apply anti-rust oil, and finally put them into storage.

[0036] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging and trimming die for an E-type bolt, comprising an upper die base and a lower die base disposed opposite to each other, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the upper die base is provided with a pre-forging die cavity, a final forging die cavity and a trimming upper die in sequence along its width direction; The top surface of the lower die base is provided with a pre-forging die cavity, a final forging die cavity, and a trimming lower die cavity in sequence along its width direction; The upper mold base and the lower mold base have opposite sides, one of which is provided with a pre-formed groove and the other with a pre-formed protrusion. The pre-formed groove and the pre-formed protrusion are directly opposite each other, and the pre-formed protrusion has a concave portion in the middle. The lower die base is also provided with a transfer mechanism, which is configured to move the forging blank. Vertically extending positioning pins are provided adjacent to the pre-forging die cavity, the final forging die cavity and the trimming lower die cavity.

2. The forging and trimming integrated die for E-type bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-formed groove is disposed on the lower die base and located on the side of the pre-forging die cavity opposite to the final forging die cavity. A protrusion is provided in the middle of the bottom of the pre-formed groove, and the protrusion is positioned opposite the concave part. Positioning grooves are provided on both inner walls of the pre-formed groove.

3. The forging and trimming integrated die for E-type bolts according to claim 2, characterized in that, One transfer mechanism is provided on each of the two sides of the lower mold base; The transfer mechanism includes a base, a translation seat that is slidably disposed on the base along the width direction of the upper mold base, a lifting seat that is raised and lowered on the translation seat, a rotating arm that is horizontally rotatably disposed on the lifting seat, and a support plate that is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating arm. The support plate is configured to support the end of the forging blank.

4. The forging and trimming integrated die for E-type bolts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the base is greater than the width of the lower die base, so that the translation seat can move along the base to the side of the predetermined cavity opposite to the pre-forging die cavity; The width of the pallet is greater than or equal to the maximum width of the pre-forging die cavity, and it is T-shapedly distributed with the rotating arm.

5. The forging and trimming integrated die for E-type bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the pre-forging die cavity and the final forging die cavity include a connecting part forming cavity and a stud part forming cavity. At least two positioning pins are provided on both sides of the connecting part forming cavity. The positioning pin located on the side of the connecting part forming cavity adjacent to the stud part forming cavity is arranged close to the stud part forming cavity. The bottom surface of the upper die base is provided with multiple positioning holes. The number of positioning holes is consistent with the number of insertion holes and corresponds one-to-one. The positioning pins that are located adjacent to the lower die cavity of the cutting edge are all located on the side of the lower die cavity of the cutting edge that is close to the final forging die cavity; The positions of the positioning pins located adjacent to the pre-forging die cavity, the final forging die cavity, and the trimming lower die cavity correspond to each other.

6. The forging and trimming integrated die for E-type bolts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top surface of the lower mold base is provided with an insertion hole, and the positioning pin is slidably disposed coaxially in the insertion hole. A first spring is also provided in the insertion hole, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the bottom wall of the insertion hole and the bottom end of the positioning pin.

7. The forging and trimming integrated die for E-type bolts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the positioning pin is a hemispherical or conical structure. Multiple slots are circumferentially arranged around the center line of the positioning pin. The slots extend radially along the positioning pin. A wedge block is slidably fitted inside the slot. The wedge block is connected to the bottom wall of the slot by a second spring. The distance between the side of the wedge block away from the center line of the positioning pin and the center line of the positioning pin gradually increases vertically upward.

8. The forging and trimming integrated die for E-type bolts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the top of the positioning pin is provided with a plurality of air holes in the circumferential direction, and the axis of the air holes is set at an angle to the horizontal plane. The lower mold base has a first air passage connecting each of the insertion holes, and the positioning pin has a second air passage. Each of the air holes is connected to the second air passage through the first air passage. The first air passage is also connected to an air pump.

9. The forging and trimming integrated die for E-type bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trimming lower mold cavity is vertically disposed through the lower mold base, and the bottom of the lower mold base has a discharge port that communicates with the trimming lower mold cavity.

10. A forging method applicable to the forging die according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Cut the cylindrical raw material into blanks of a fixed length; Step 2: The billet is heated sequentially in the low-temperature preheating zone, the medium-temperature preheating zone and the high-temperature heating zone of the heating furnace to 1170℃-1230℃; Step 3: The heated billet is subjected to pre-forming, initial forging, final forging and flash trimming in sequence to obtain forgings, and the forgings are placed in a sand box for air cooling to room temperature; Step 4: Measure the dimensions of the forging and visually inspect the surface defects of the forging; Step 5: Grind the qualified forgings to remove oxide scale and defects from the surface of the forgings; Step 6: After grinding, the forging is placed in a heating furnace and heated to 850℃-870℃. Then it is placed in a heat preservation chamber and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. After that, it is air-cooled to room temperature to complete the normalizing treatment of the forging. Step 7: After the forging is quenched and tempered; Step 8: Correct the shape of the forging; Step 9: After grinding the forgings again, spray paint and apply anti-rust oil, and finally put them into storage.

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