Sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating and controlling A < 2 > O process flora structure through gradient pore filler

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biological sewage treatment, and discloses an in-situ sludge reduction device for regulating and controlling an A2O process flora structure through gradient pore filler, the in-situ sludge reduction device comprises an anaerobic reaction tank, an anoxic reaction tank and an aerobic reaction tank, one side of the anaerobic reaction tank is fixedly connected with two water inlet pipes, one side of the aerobic reaction tank is fixedly connected with two water outlet pipes, and the other side of the anoxic reaction tank is fixedly connected with a water outlet pipe. Pushing assemblies are arranged in the anaerobic reaction tank, the anoxic reaction tank and the aerobic reaction tank, two blocking nets are fixedly connected between the anaerobic reaction tank and the anoxic reaction tank, two blocking nets are fixedly connected between the anoxic reaction tank and the aerobic reaction tank, and a plurality of aeration assemblies are arranged at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank; a plurality of filler assemblies are arranged in the anoxic reaction tank and the aerobic reaction tank. The composite structure that the outer framework and the gradient pore PU inner core are nested is adopted, the hard outer framework bears mechanical collision and friction in the fluidization process, the soft inner core is prevented from being abraded and broken, and the service life of the filler is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater biological treatment technology, specifically to an in-situ sludge reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing. Background Technology

[0002] The A2O process is one of the most widely used wastewater nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes, but it generates a large amount of residual sludge during operation. The cost of sludge treatment and disposal typically accounts for a significant proportion of the total operating cost of a wastewater treatment plant. Constructing a complex micro-ecosystem using biofilm carrier technology, and achieving in-situ sludge reduction through extended food chain predation, uncoupling metabolism, and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification mechanisms, is an effective way to solve this problem. Existing in-situ sludge reduction technologies typically involve adding porous polyurethane sponges or other suspended packing materials to the biological treatment tank, utilizing the dissolved oxygen gradient inside and outside the packing material to achieve a stratified distribution of functional microbial communities.

[0003] However, existing suspended packing technology has several significant technical drawbacks in practical engineering applications. First, simple soft porous packing materials remain in a fluidized state within the reaction tank for extended periods. Under the continuous action of water flow shear and mechanical agitation, the packing material itself is highly susceptible to wear, tearing, and even breakage, leading to a shortened service life. More critically, the aeration and agitation intensity required to maintain the fluidization of the packing material is often quite high. The resulting high hydraulic shear force is detrimental to the stable attachment of metazoans such as rotifers and red-spotted worms to the packing surface. These apex predatory micro-animals are easily washed away by the water flow, causing the originally constructed long food chain to break and weakening the ability to consume sludge through predation.

[0004] Secondly, the maintenance of the microenvironment within the gradient pore packing material mainly relies on the natural diffusion of dissolved oxygen and the substrate. With prolonged operation, the micropores within the packing material are easily clogged by aging biofilms, extracellular polymers, and dead sludge. In the absence of an active renewal mechanism, relying solely on random collisions of water flow is insufficient to remove metabolic waste from the deeper layers of the packing material, leading to impaired external mass transfer. This causes the originally designed aerobic-anoxic-anaerobic gradient structure to fail, and the interior of the packing material gradually transforms into an ineffective anaerobic dead zone, affecting the efficiency of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, as well as the reduction in endogenous respiration.

[0005] Furthermore, while in-situ sludge reduction processes can effectively degrade organic sludge, they cannot eliminate inorganic particles and inert residues from bacterial death in the influent. During long-term operation, these inorganic inert substances gradually accumulate in the pores of the packing material, causing its specific gravity to continuously increase. The increased density of the packing material gradually loses its fluidization capacity and settles at the bottom of the reaction tank, forming a dead accumulation zone. Existing sludge discharge methods typically involve directly discharging the mixed liquor, failing to distinguish and specifically remove these inorganic substances accumulated within the packing material. There is also a lack of online sorting and regeneration methods for the settled packing material, resulting in a continuous decline in the effective biomass ratio within the system as the operating cycle extends. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an in-situ sludge reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient porous packing. This device solves the problems in existing technologies, such as the easy wear and breakage of soft packing materials and the easy erosion and loss of metazoans, the easy blockage inside the packing materials leading to a decrease in mass transfer efficiency, and the accumulation of inorganic inert substances in the carrier leading to the sedimentation and accumulation of packing materials and a decrease in the effective biomass of the system.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure of the A2O process using gradient porous packing, comprising an anaerobic reaction tank, an anoxic reaction tank, and an aerobic reaction tank, wherein two inlet pipes are fixedly connected to one side of the anaerobic reaction tank, and two outlet pipes are fixedly connected to one side of the aerobic reaction tank, and a driving component is provided inside the anaerobic reaction tank, the anoxic reaction tank, and the aerobic reaction tank; Two barrier nets are fixedly connected between the anaerobic reactor and the anoxic reactor, and between the anoxic reactor and the aerobic reactor. Multiple aeration components are installed at the bottom of the aerobic reactor. Multiple packing components are installed inside both the anoxic reactor and the aerobic reactor. Multiple squeezing components are installed inside the aerobic reactor. A sludge discharge component is installed on one side of the anoxic reactor.

[0008] Preferably, the propulsion assembly includes a submersible propeller, a submersible mixer, and a reflux pump. One end of the submersible propeller is slidably connected to the inner wall of the anaerobic reaction tank, one end of the submersible mixer is slidably connected to the inner wall of the anoxic reaction tank, one side of the reflux pump is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the aerobic reaction tank, and the output end of the reflux pump is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the anoxic reaction tank.

[0009] Preferably, each of the aeration components includes an aeration pipe and multiple jet nozzles, the outer wall of the aeration pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank, and the bottom end of each jet nozzle is fixedly connected to the top of the aeration pipe.

[0010] Preferably, each of the extrusion components includes a Venturi main tube and multiple necking rings. A support frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the aerobic reaction tank. One side of the Venturi main tube is fixedly connected to one end of the support frame. An aeration head is fixedly connected to the bottom of the Venturi main tube. An anti-splash diffusion port is fixedly connected to the top of the Venturi main tube. The outer wall of each necking ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the Venturi main tube.

[0011] Preferably, each of the packing components includes a gradient porous PU inner core and an outer skeleton. The outer wall of the gradient porous PU inner core is disposed inside the anoxic or aerobic reaction tank. Multiple connecting columns are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the gradient porous PU inner core, and the inner wall of the outer skeleton is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting columns.

[0012] Preferably, the sludge discharge assembly includes a transport mechanism and a separation mechanism. The transport mechanism includes an outlet pipe, a sludge pump, and a hydrocyclone separator. One end of the outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the anoxic reaction tank. The input end of the sludge pump is fixedly connected to one end of the outlet pipe. The output end of the sludge pump is fixedly connected to the transport pipe. One side of the hydrocyclone separator is fixedly connected to one end of the transport pipe. An overflow weir is fixedly connected to the top of the hydrocyclone separator.

[0013] Preferably, the separation mechanism includes a drive motor, multiple extrusion and stirring blades, and a filter screen. A fixed frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the hydrocyclone separator, the outer wall of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor, one end of each extrusion and stirring blade is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a drain pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hydrocyclone separator, and the outer wall of the filter screen is fixedly connected to the inside of the hydrocyclone separator.

[0014] Preferably, the aeration pipes are arranged in a parallel array at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank, and the jet nozzles are arranged in a parallel array at the top of the aeration pipes.

[0015] Preferably, the aeration heads and anti-splash diffusion ports are arranged in a symmetrical array at both ends of the Venturi main flow guide cylinder, and the necking rings are arranged in a parallel array on the inner wall of the Venturi main flow guide cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the extrusion and stirring blades are arranged in a ring array on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the fixing frame and the filter screen are arranged in a parallel array at the bottom of the inner wall of the hydrocyclone separator.

[0017] This invention provides an in-situ sludge reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention adopts a composite structure of an outer skeleton and a gradient porous PU inner core. The rigid outer skeleton bears the mechanical collision and friction during the fluidization process, preventing the soft inner core from wearing and breaking, thus extending the service life of the packing. At the same time, the annular space reserved between the inner core and the outer skeleton forms a low hydraulic velocity zone, preventing metazoans such as rotifers and red spot worms from being washed away by the shear force of the water flow. This stabilizes and maintains the long food chain of bacteria, protozoa and metazoa, and significantly reduces the production of residual sludge through predation.

[0018] 2. This invention utilizes a Venturi guide cylinder in conjunction with a necking ring to convert air lifting power into mechanical extrusion force on the packing. When the packing circulates through the necking position, it undergoes forced compression and rebound, actively expelling the aging biofilm and metabolic waste gas accumulated in the deep pores and drawing in fresh matrix. This solves the problems of easy clogging inside traditional packing and the decrease in mass transfer efficiency over time, ensuring the long-term stability of the aerobic, anoxic, and anaerobic microenvironment inside the packing.

[0019] 3. This invention combines a hydrocyclone separator with bottom extrusion and stirring blades to automatically identify and separate heavy packing material that has accumulated a large amount of inorganic sludge by using centrifugal force and density difference. The heavy packing material is then subjected to targeted mechanical grinding and cleaning to remove and discharge inorganic inert components. At the same time, the cleaned packing material is recycled. This invention solves the technical problem in the in-situ sludge reduction process that inorganic matter cannot be degraded and is easy to accumulate in the carrier, which leads to a decrease in the effective biomass of the system and the accumulation of packing material at the bottom. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the aerobic reaction tank of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gradient pore PU core structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydrocyclone separator of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0021] The components include: 1. Anaerobic reactor; 2. Anoxic reactor; 3. Aerobic reactor; 4. Inlet pipe; 5. Outlet pipe; 6. Filter screen; 7. Submersible jet mixer; 8. Barrier net; 9. Submersible mixer; 10. Return pump; 11. Aeration pipe; 12. Jet nozzle; 13. Support frame; 14. Venturi guide cylinder; 15. Aeration head; 16. Anti-splash diffuser; 17. Neck ring; 18. Gradient pore PU inner core; 19. Connecting column; 20. Outer frame; 21. Outlet pipe; 22. Sludge pump; 23. Transport pipe; 24. Hydrocyclone separator; 25. Overflow weir; 26. Fixing frame; 27. Drive motor; 28. Rotating shaft; 29. ​​Extrusion mixing blades; 30. Sewage pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See attached document Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 The present invention provides a sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure of A2O process using gradient pore packing, including an anaerobic reaction tank 1, an anoxic reaction tank 2 and an aerobic reaction tank 3. Two water inlet pipes 4 are fixedly connected to one side of the anaerobic reaction tank 1, and two water outlet pipes 5 are fixedly connected to one side of the aerobic reaction tank 3. A pushing component is provided inside the anaerobic reaction tank 1, the anoxic reaction tank 2 and the aerobic reaction tank 3. Two barrier nets 8 are fixedly connected between the anaerobic reactor 1 and the anoxic reactor 2, and between the anoxic reactor 2 and the aerobic reactor 3. Multiple aeration components are installed at the bottom of the aerobic reactor 3. Multiple packing components are installed inside both the anoxic reactor 2 and the aerobic reactor 3. Multiple extrusion components are installed inside the aerobic reactor 3. A sludge discharge component is installed on one side of the anoxic reactor 2. The propulsion components include a submersible propeller 7, a submersible mixer 9, and a return pump 10. One end of the submersible propeller 7 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the anaerobic reaction tank 1, and one end of the submersible mixer 9 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the anoxic reaction tank 2. One side of the return pump 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the aerobic reaction tank 3, and the output end of the return pump 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the anoxic reaction tank 2. Each aeration component includes an aeration pipe 11 and multiple nozzles 12. The outer wall of the aeration pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank 3, and the bottom end of each nozzle 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the aeration pipe 11. The aeration pipes 11 are arranged in a parallel array at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank 3, and the nozzles 12 are arranged in a parallel array at the top of the aeration pipes 11. Each extrusion assembly includes a Venturi main tube 14 and multiple necking rings 17. A support frame 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the aerobic reaction tank 3. One side of the Venturi main tube 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the support frame 13. An aeration head 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the Venturi main tube 14. An anti-splash diffusion port 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the Venturi main tube 14. The outer wall of each necking ring 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the Venturi main tube 14. The aeration heads 15 and the anti-splash diffusion ports 16 are arranged in a symmetrical array at both ends of the Venturi main tube 14, and the necking rings 17 are arranged in a parallel array on the inner wall of the Venturi main tube 14.

[0024] Specifically, to ensure that the suspended packing material in the system can maintain a high level of biological metabolic activity for a long time and avoid mass transfer failure due to pore blockage, a packing material regeneration device is vertically installed in a specific area of ​​the aerobic reaction tank 3 and securely locked by a rigid support frame 13. During operation, relying on the aeration pipe 11 and microporous aeration head 15 arranged at the bottom, a continuous and dense rising bubble bundle is released. Utilizing the strong buoyancy and air lift suction generated by the gas-liquid mixture, the surrounding mixed liquid carries the packing material to be regenerated into the internal channel of the Venturi guide cylinder 14 at an accelerated speed. When the flexible packing material passes through the necking ring 17 area in the middle of the cylinder where the pipe diameter is significantly reduced with the high-speed water flow, it is forced to undergo strong radial physical compression and a large volumetric shrinkage deformation. This mechanical process is like a strong... The force of squeezing the sponge forces out the old, aged biofilm, accumulated inorganic silt, and metabolic waste gas buried deep within the micropores of the gradient-porous PU core 18. Once the packing passes through the constriction zone of the necking ring 17 and enters the diffusion section, its elastic body, under pressure, recovers its original shape using rebound potential energy at the moment of stress release. This creates an instantaneous negative pressure chamber inside the pores, actively and quickly drawing in fresh sewage rich in dissolved oxygen to complete the substrate replacement. After this deep cleaning and substrate renewal, the packing is finally guided through the anti-splash diffuser 16 at the top and gently falls back to the water surface in an umbrella shape. Through this cyclical biomimetic breathing mechanism, the permeability of the micropores inside the packing is maintained, thus thoroughly ensuring the mass transfer efficiency of the microbial interface from a physical perspective.

[0025] See attached document Figure 4 Each packing assembly includes a gradient porous PU inner core 18 and an outer skeleton 20. The outer wall of the gradient porous PU inner core 18 is set inside the anoxic reaction tank 2 or the aerobic reaction tank 3. Multiple connecting columns 19 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the gradient porous PU inner core 18, and the inner wall of the outer skeleton 20 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting column 19.

[0026] Specifically, the wastewater to be treated is first smoothly introduced into the anaerobic reactor 1 through the inlet pipe 4. Under the continuous and uniform low-speed pushing and stirring action of the bottom submersible thruster 7, the mud-water mixture maintains a good suspension state and completes the initial anaerobic release process. Subsequently, the mixture flows downstream into the anoxic reactor 2 and the aerobic reactor 3 for in-depth biochemical degradation. At the end of the aerobic tank, a barrier net 8 with a suitable aperture is installed to physically intercept the suspended packing material and prevent it from being lost with the water. The supernatant after treatment is discharged smoothly from the system through the outlet pipe 5.

[0027] In the above-mentioned biochemical reaction units at each level, a special composite suspended filler was added at a certain filling ratio. A unique hard shell and soft core double-layer nested structure was adopted: the outer part is a flexible outer skeleton 20, and the inner part is wrapped with a soft gradient porous PU inner core 18. The two are fixed by a small number of connecting columns 19. An annular refuge ring gap is constructed between the outer surface of the gradient porous PU inner core 18 and the inner wall of the outer skeleton 20.

[0028] In actual operation, the outer skeleton 20 acts as a physical barrier, directly bearing and offsetting the intense hydraulic shearing and mechanical collisions between the packing materials, shielding them from external physical impacts, thus protecting the internal soft materials from wear or tear. The refuge annulus under the protection of the barrier forms a relatively static, low-velocity hydraulic blind zone, providing an ideal habitat and breeding ground for metazoans at the top of the food chain, such as rotifers and red-spotted worms, protecting them from scouring and thus enhancing their predation on bacteria and consuming a large amount of organic sludge. At the same time, the gradient pore PU core 18 at the core utilizes the physical characteristic of its pore size gradually decreasing from the outside to the inside to limit the deep diffusion efficiency of dissolved oxygen, constructing a multi-level microenvironment of aerobic, anoxic, and anaerobic at the microscale, inducing microorganisms to undergo simultaneous nitrification and denitrification reactions and low-energy uncoupling metabolic behaviors, ultimately achieving in-situ reduction of excess sludge while efficiently purifying water quality.

[0029] See attached document Figure 5 - Appendix Figure 7 The sludge discharge assembly includes a transport mechanism and a separation mechanism. The transport mechanism includes an outlet pipe 21, a sludge pump 22, and a hydrocyclone separator 24. One end of the outlet pipe 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the anoxic reaction tank 2. The input end of the sludge pump 22 is fixedly connected to one end of the outlet pipe 21. The output end of the sludge pump 22 is fixedly connected to a transport pipe 23. One side of the hydrocyclone separator 24 is fixedly connected to one end of the transport pipe 23. An overflow weir 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the hydrocyclone separator 24. The separation mechanism includes a drive motor 27, multiple extrusion stirring blades 29, and a filter screen 6. A fixing frame 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the hydrocyclone separator 24. The outer wall of the drive motor 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame 26. A rotating shaft 28 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 27. One end of each extrusion stirring blade 29 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 28. A drain pipe 30 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hydrocyclone separator 24. The outer wall of the filter screen 6 is fixedly connected to the inside of the hydrocyclone separator 24. The extrusion stirring blades 29 are arranged in a ring array on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 28. The fixing frame 26 and the filter screen 6 are arranged in a parallel array on the bottom of the inner wall of the hydrocyclone separator 24.

[0030] Specifically, to address the problem of decreased reaction efficiency caused by the unavoidable accumulation of inorganic inert substances in the system, a dedicated bypass treatment unit is configured. A high-power sludge pump 22 continuously draws the sludge-water mixture from the end of the aerobic reaction tank 3 into the hydrocyclone separator 24 through the transport pipe 23. The mixture is injected into the tank at high speed along the tangential direction. In the intense vortex flow field, physical separation is achieved by relying on the density difference of the packing material itself: the light packing material with good biofilm formation and maintaining activity is mainly distributed in the center of the vortex. After rising and collecting through the overflow weir 25 at the top, it is directly guided back to the biological tank by the outflow pipe 21 to continue its function. The heavy packing material, whose specific gravity has increased significantly due to the filling of a large amount of inorganic sludge and dead sludge in its deep pores, is thrown towards the tank wall by the huge centrifugal force and spirals down to the cone bottom area of ​​the tank.

[0031] In this sludge collection area, the drive motor 27, installed on the fixed frame 26, outputs high torque power to drive the specially designed extrusion mixing blades 29 at the bottom of the rotating shaft 28 to perform low-speed, high-force agitation. This applies intense mechanical grinding and surface friction to the deactivated packing material accumulated here, forcibly peeling off and crushing the stubborn inorganic inert deposits attached to the packing material. After solid-liquid separation, the high-density inorganic sludge that has settled is precisely discharged from the system through the bottom drain pipe 30. Meanwhile, the regenerated packing material, after deep cleaning and load reduction to restore its suspension activity, is recycled and reused as it rises with the water flow. It is also prevented from being accidentally lost by the filter screen 6 on the return path, thus completely realizing targeted sludge discharge and online rejuvenation of the packing material, targeting only inorganic impurities.

[0032] Working Principle: In the process of using the gradient pore packing to regulate the microbial community structure of the A2O process, wastewater enters the anaerobic reactor 1 through the inlet pipe 4, is mixed by the submersible propeller 7, and then flows sequentially through the anoxic reactor 2 and the aerobic reactor 3. Finally, it is discharged through the outlet pipe 5 after being intercepted by the packing material by the barrier net 8. Composite packing material is added to the reactor. This packing material consists of an outer skeleton 20 and a gradient pore PU core 18, which are connected by connecting columns 19, forming a refuge ring between the gradient pore PU core 18 and the inner wall of the outer skeleton 20. The outer skeleton 20 withstands hydraulic shear and mechanical impact, protecting the internal structure from wear; the refuge ring provides a low-velocity habitat for metazoans, which consume sludge through predation; the gradient pore PU core 18 has decreasing pore size from the outside to the inside, constructing an aerobic-anoxic-anaerobic microenvironment, achieving simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and uncoupling metabolism, thereby achieving in-situ sludge reduction during the biological treatment process.

[0033] To maintain the activity of the packing material, a packing material regeneration device is installed inside the aerobic reaction tank 3, fixed by a support frame 13. Bubbles are generated using the aeration pipe 11 and aeration head 15 at the bottom, and the airlift principle drives the mixed liquid to carry the packing material upwards into the Venturi guide cylinder 14. When the packing material passes through the middle constriction ring 17, it is physically compressed and deformed, forcibly expelling the aged biofilm and waste gas accumulated deep within the gradient pore PU core 18. After passing through the constriction ring 17, the packing material rebounds and recovers its volume, generating negative pressure to draw in fresh oxygen-rich wastewater. The treated packing material falls smoothly back to the water surface through the anti-splash diffuser 16 at the top. This breathing action maintains the unobstructed pores inside the packing material, ensuring mass transfer efficiency.

[0034] To address the accumulation of inorganic inert substances, a sludge pump 22 pumps the mixed liquor from the end of the aerobic reaction tank 3 to a hydrocyclone separator 24 via a transport pipe 23. The mixed liquor enters tangentially, creating a vortex, and is separated using density differences: the more active, lighter packing material rises with the water flow and flows back to the reaction tank via an overflow weir 25 and an outlet pipe 21; the heavier packing material, with a large accumulation of inorganic sludge, settles to the bottom of the tank. A drive motor 27 on a fixed frame 26 drives a rotating shaft 28 and extrusion agitator blades 29 to perform powerful mechanical grinding and cleaning of the heavy packing material, stripping away the internal inorganic sludge. The stripped inorganic sludge is discharged from the system via a drain pipe 30. The cleaned and reactivated packing material rises with the water flow for reuse. During this process, a filter screen 6 prevents packing material loss, achieving targeted sludge removal for inorganic substances.

Claims

1. A sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing, characterized in that, It includes an anaerobic reaction tank (1), an anoxic reaction tank (2) and an aerobic reaction tank (3). Two water inlet pipes (4) are fixedly connected to one side of the anaerobic reaction tank (1), and two water outlet pipes (5) are fixedly connected to one side of the aerobic reaction tank (3). A propulsion component is installed inside the anaerobic reaction tank (1), the anoxic reaction tank (2) and the aerobic reaction tank (3). Two barrier nets (8) are fixedly connected between the anaerobic reactor (1) and the anoxic reactor (2) and between the anoxic reactor (2) and the aerobic reactor (3). Multiple aeration components are provided at the bottom of the aerobic reactor (3). Multiple packing components are provided inside the anoxic reactor (2) and the aerobic reactor (3). Multiple extrusion components are provided inside the aerobic reactor (3). A sludge discharge component is provided on one side of the anoxic reactor (2).

2. The sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The propulsion assembly includes a submersible jet mixer (7), a submersible mixer (9), and a reflux pump (10). One end of the submersible jet mixer (7) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the anaerobic reaction tank (1), one end of the submersible mixer (9) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the anoxic reaction tank (2), one side of the reflux pump (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the aerobic reaction tank (3), and the output end of the reflux pump (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the anoxic reaction tank (2).

3. The sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aeration components includes an aeration pipe (11) and multiple jet nozzles (12). The outer wall of the aeration pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank (3), and the bottom end of each jet nozzle (12) is fixedly connected to the top of the aeration pipe (11).

4. The sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the extrusion components includes a Venturi main tube (14) and multiple necking rings (17). A support frame (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the aerobic reaction tank (3). One side of the Venturi main tube (14) is fixedly connected to one end of the support frame (13). An aeration head (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the Venturi main tube (14). An anti-splash diffusion port (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the Venturi main tube (14). The outer wall of each necking ring (17) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the Venturi main tube (14).

5. The sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the packing components includes a gradient porosity PU inner core (18) and an outer skeleton (20). The outer wall of the gradient porosity PU inner core (18) is disposed inside the anoxic reaction tank (2) or the aerobic reaction tank (3). Multiple connecting columns (19) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the gradient porosity PU inner core (18), and the inner wall of the outer skeleton (20) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting column (19).

6. The sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge discharge assembly includes a transport mechanism and a separation mechanism. The transport mechanism includes an outlet pipe (21), a sludge pump (22), and a hydrocyclone separator (24). One end of the outlet pipe (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the anoxic reaction tank (2). The input end of the sludge pump (22) is fixedly connected to one end of the outlet pipe (21). The output end of the sludge pump (22) is fixedly connected to a transport pipe (23). One side of the hydrocyclone separator (24) is fixedly connected to one end of the transport pipe (23). The top of the hydrocyclone separator (24) is fixedly connected to an overflow weir (25).

7. The sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The separation mechanism includes a drive motor (27), multiple extrusion stirring blades (29), and a filter screen (6). A fixed frame (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the hydrocyclone separator (24). The outer wall of the drive motor (27) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame (26). A rotating shaft (28) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (27). One end of each extrusion stirring blade (29) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (28). A drain pipe (30) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hydrocyclone separator (24). The outer wall of the filter screen (6) is fixedly connected inside the hydrocyclone separator (24).

8. The sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aeration pipes (11) are arranged in a parallel array at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank (3), and the jet nozzles (12) are arranged in a parallel array at the top of the aeration pipes (11).

9. The sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The aeration heads (15) and anti-splash diffusers (16) are arranged in a symmetrical array at both ends of the Venturi main flow guide cylinder (14), and the necking rings (17) are arranged in a parallel array on the inner wall of the Venturi main flow guide cylinder (14).

10. The sludge in-situ reduction device for regulating the microbial community structure in the A2O process using gradient pore packing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The extrusion stirring blades (29) are arranged in a ring array on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (28), and the fixing frame (26) and the filter screen (6) are arranged in a parallel array at the bottom of the inner wall of the hydrocyclone separator (24).

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