Metal surface heat treatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal surface heat treatment device, and relates to the technical field of metal processing, the metal surface heat treatment device comprises a bottom plate, a heating box and a through groove, and a conveying mechanism is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the bottom plate; the mounting ring is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the bottom plate, an annular limiting groove is formed in the mounting ring, a rotatable limiting ring is mounted in the annular limiting groove, a through groove is formed in the edge of the annular groove, and the limiting ring extends to the outer side of the mounting ring through the through groove; according to the steel pipe heating device, through power provided by the servo motor, a steel pipe enters the heating box through the through groove under the synergistic effect of the driving roller and the driven fluted disc, and heating is completed in the moving and rotating process. Continuous conveying and heating of the steel pipe are achieved, the problem of local continuous heating or heat dissipation of the steel pipe in traditional conveying is solved, the surface temperature distribution of the steel pipe is more uniform, and a foundation is laid for improving the heat treatment quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal processing technology, specifically to a metal surface heat treatment apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Metal surface heat treatment is a key process for improving the surface hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of metal workpieces. Steel pipes are commonly used components in machinery manufacturing, pipeline transportation, and other fields, and their surface properties directly affect the overall performance and safety. Currently, the mainstream methods for steel pipe surface heat treatment include induction heating, flame heating, and gas carburizing. The corresponding heat treatment equipment typically consists of a heating unit, a conveying unit, and a cooling unit, with the conveying unit responsible for moving the steel pipe to complete continuous heat treatment.

[0003] The core flaw of existing technology lies in the fact that the conventional conveying process is prone to uneven heating of the steel pipe surface. During conventional unidirectional linear conveying, the relative positions of the various parts of the steel pipe circumferentially with the fixed heating source remain unchanged. This causes the area of ​​the steel pipe surface directly facing the heating source to be continuously heated, while the area in contact with the conveyor rollers experiences lower temperatures due to heat conduction loss. At the same time, the parts of the steel pipe circumferentially not directly facing the heating source will also experience inconsistent heating intensity due to differences in heating angle and distance. Ultimately, this leads to significant differences in the surface hardness and microstructure of the steel pipe, affecting the stability of product quality and making it difficult to meet the high precision and high uniformity requirements of modern industry for steel pipe surface heat treatment.

[0004] In view of this, a metal surface heat treatment apparatus is provided to overcome the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a metal surface heat treatment apparatus to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a metal surface heat treatment device, including a base plate, a heating box and a through groove, wherein a conveying mechanism is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate, and the conveying mechanism includes; A mounting ring is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate. An annular limiting groove is formed inside the mounting ring, and a rotatable limiting ring is installed within the annular limiting groove. A through groove is formed at the edge of the annular groove, through which the limiting ring extends to the outside of the mounting ring. A driven gear plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limiting ring on the side away from the mounting ring. Four symmetrically arranged mounting blocks are installed on the outer wall of the driven gear plate. A rotatable bidirectional lead screw is installed on the inner wall of two mounting blocks on one side, and a limiting rod is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the two mounting blocks on the other side. The outer walls of the bidirectional lead screw and the limiting rod are each provided with two moving blocks. Two moving blocks on one side are threadedly connected to the outer wall of the bidirectional lead screw, and two moving blocks on the other side are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod. Rotatable drive rollers are installed on the side walls of the moving blocks. The outer periphery of the drive rollers is provided with an inwardly recessed working surface. The inwardly recessed working surface is composed of two inclined surfaces arranged symmetrically along the center line of the drive rollers. The specific number of drive rollers is two, and the two drive rollers are symmetrically arranged in the initial state.

[0007] Furthermore, two servo motors are fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate. The two servo motors are respectively connected to a drive gear and a drive pulley, and the drive gear meshes with the driven gear plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a drive motor is provided on one side of both the bidirectional lead screw and the drive roller, and the two drive motors are respectively connected to the bidirectional lead screw and the drive roller for transmission.

[0009] Furthermore, the mounting ring, the limiting ring, and the driven gear disc all have circular grooves that fit the through grooves at the center of their sidewalls.

[0010] Furthermore, two retaining mechanisms are fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate. The two retaining mechanisms are arranged symmetrically. Each retaining mechanism includes: A mounting plate is fixedly installed on the top surface of a base plate. A guide rod with square grooves on both sides of its outer wall is fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting plate. A movable rod, which is simultaneously adapted to the guide rod and the square grooves, is fitted onto the outer wall of the guide rod. A retaining ball is fixedly connected to the side of the movable rod near the axis of the mounting plate. A cylindrical rod is fixedly installed on the side wall of the movable rod. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting plate. A limiting groove is formed through the side wall of the limiting plate. A rotatable drive plate is installed on the side wall of the limiting plate. A drive groove is formed through the outer wall of the drive plate. In its initial state, the cylindrical rod is simultaneously located at the inner edge of both the limiting groove and the drive groove. A driven pulley is fixedly installed on the side wall of the drive plate. A transmission belt is fitted onto the outer wall of both the retaining mechanism and the drive pulley.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific number of the moving rod, limiting groove, circular rod, and driving groove are all three, and they are all arranged in a circular array.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed ball can be divided into two parts: one part is a shell, which is circular in shape and has a spherical groove inside, and an opening at the edge; the other part is a sphere, which is rotatable inside the shell and its edge extends out of the shell through the opening.

[0013] Furthermore, the mounting plate, the limiting plate, and the drive plate also have circular grooves adapted to the through groove at their axial positions.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: By using a servo motor to power the steel pipe, it is guided through a trough into the heating chamber by the coordinated action of the drive roller and the driven gear disc, completing the heating process during movement and rotation. This achieves continuous conveying and heating of the steel pipe, avoiding the problems of localized continuous heating or heat dissipation in traditional conveying methods. This results in a more uniform temperature distribution on the steel pipe surface, laying the foundation for improving the quality of heat treatment.

[0015] The fixing mechanism uses a double symmetrical layout combined with a three-point circumferential array clamping method to achieve high-precision positioning of the steel pipe center. In addition, the coaxial design of each component and the through groove effectively avoids local heating deviation caused by steel pipe offset. The double protection significantly reduces the surface hardness fluctuation and microstructure difference of the steel pipe after heat treatment, and greatly improves the product quality stability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded conveying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining mechanism of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Heating box; 3. Through groove; 4. Fixing mechanism; 41. Mounting plate; 42. Limiting plate; 43. Drive plate; 44. Guide rod; 45. Moving rod; 46. Limiting groove; 47. Circular rod; 48. Fixing ball; 49. Drive groove; 5. Conveying mechanism; 51. Mounting ring; 52. Limiting ring; 53. Driven gear plate; 54. Mounting block; 55. Bidirectional lead screw; 56. Limiting rod; 57. Moving block; 58. Drive roller; 6. Servo motor; 7. Drive gear; 8. Drive pulley; 9. Transmission belt; 10. Driven pulley. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1 See Figure 1-7 A metal surface heat treatment device includes a base plate 1, a heating box 2 and a through groove 3. A conveying mechanism 5 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate 1. The conveying mechanism 5 includes: A mounting ring 51 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate 1. An annular limiting groove 46 is formed inside the mounting ring 51, and a rotatable limiting ring 52 is installed within the annular limiting groove 46. A through groove 3 is formed at the edge of the annular groove, through which the limiting ring 52 extends to the outside of the mounting ring 51. A driven gear 53 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limiting ring 52 on the side away from the mounting ring 51. Four symmetrically arranged mounting blocks 54 are installed on the outer wall of the driven gear 53. A rotatable bidirectional lead screw 55 is installed on the inner wall of two mounting blocks 54 on one side, and a rotatable bidirectional lead screw 55 is fixed on the inner wall of the other two mounting blocks 54. A limiting rod 56 is fixedly installed. Two moving blocks 57 are provided on the outer walls of the bidirectional lead screw 55 and the limiting rod 56. Two moving blocks 57 on one side are threaded to the outer wall of the bidirectional lead screw 55, and two moving blocks 57 on the other side are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod 56. Rotatable drive rollers 58 are installed on the side walls of the moving blocks 57. The outer periphery of the drive rollers 58 is provided with an inwardly recessed working surface. The inwardly recessed working surface is composed of two inclined surfaces arranged symmetrically along the center line of the drive rollers 58. There are two drive rollers 58 in total, and the two drive rollers 58 are symmetrically arranged in the initial state.

[0020] By setting up a servo motor 6, after the servo motor 6 starts, it drives the driven gear 7 to rotate the driven gear disk 53, causing the limiting ring 52 to rotate synchronously within the mounting ring 51. At the same time, the bidirectional lead screw 55 drives the moving block 57 to move along the limiting rod 56, allowing the drive roller 58 to fit tightly against the steel pipe. The rotation of the drive roller 58 itself drives the axial movement of the steel pipe, while the rotation of the limiting ring 52 drives the circumferential rotation of the steel pipe. This allows the device to achieve a composite motion of "axial movement + circumferential rotation" of the steel pipe through precise power distribution, ensuring that different parts of the steel pipe surface can alternately contact the heating source.

[0021] It should be noted that heating box 2 is a mature existing technology, so it will not be discussed in detail here.

[0022] Furthermore, two servo motors 6 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate 1. The two servo motors 6 are respectively connected to the drive gear 7 and the drive pulley 8. The drive gear 7 meshes with the driven gear disk 53. By setting the drive gear 7 and the driven gear disk 53 to mesh with each other, and making one of the servo motors 6 specifically connected to the drive gear 7, the device can transmit power to the driven gear disk 53 and related components of the conveying mechanism 5 through the meshing of the drive gear 7 and the driven gear disk 53.

[0023] Furthermore, a drive motor is installed on one side of both the bidirectional lead screw 55 and the drive roller 58. These two drive motors are respectively connected to drive the bidirectional lead screw 55 and the drive roller 58, enabling independent control of the two motors and meeting different operational requirements. The drive motor for the bidirectional lead screw 55 drives its forward and reverse rotation, controlling the spacing adjustment of the moving block 57 and the drive roller 58; the drive motor for the drive roller 58 directly drives its rotation, providing power for the axial movement of the steel pipe. The two motors operate independently and do not interfere with each other.

[0024] In addition, it should be noted that the mounting ring 51, the limiting ring 52 and the driven gear plate 53 all have circular grooves that fit the through groove 3 through the center of their side walls.

[0025] In practice, the servo motor 6 is specifically connected to the drive gear 7. Through the meshing pair between the drive gear 7 and the driven gear 53, the power is transmitted to the core component of the conveying mechanism 5, the driven gear 53. Under the power drive, the driven gear 53 drives the fixed limiting ring 52 to rotate stably within the annular limiting groove 46 of the mounting ring 51. At the same time, the bidirectional lead screw 55 is driven by a dedicated drive motor to rotate in both directions. Through the threaded transmission, it controls the moving blocks 57 on both sides to move closer or further away from the limiting rod 56 synchronously, so that the concave working surfaces of the two sets of drive rollers 58 are tightly fitted with the outer wall of the steel pipe. The drive rollers 58 generate rotational power under the drive of their own dedicated drive motor. Finally, the steel pipe movement stage: the rotation of the drive roller 58 drives the steel pipe to move axially along the axis through friction, while the rotation of the limiting ring 52 is transmitted to the bearing structure of the drive roller 58 through the driven toothed disc 53 and the mounting block 54, causing the drive roller 58 to rotate circumferentially synchronously with the steel pipe; at the same time, the fixing mechanism 4 completes the center positioning of the steel pipe under the drive of another servo motor 6, ensuring that the steel pipe always maintains a coaxial state in the compound motion of "axial movement + circumferential rotation", and finally smoothly enters the heating box 2 through the through groove 3 to complete uniform heating.

[0026] Powered by a servo motor 6, the steel pipe, under the coordinated action of the drive roller 58 and the driven gear disc 53, enters the heating chamber 2 through the through groove 3, where it is heated during movement and rotation. This achieves continuous conveying and heating of the steel pipe, avoiding the problems of localized continuous heating or heat dissipation in traditional conveying methods. This results in a more uniform temperature distribution on the steel pipe surface, laying the foundation for improving the quality of heat treatment.

[0027] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, please refer to Figures 1-7. A metal surface heat treatment device is provided. Two retaining mechanisms 4 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate 1. The two retaining mechanisms 4 are arranged symmetrically. The retaining mechanism 4 includes: A mounting plate 41 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate 1. A guide rod 44 with square grooves on both sides of the outer wall is fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting plate 41. A movable rod 45 is fitted on the outer wall of the guide rod 44 and is adapted to both the guide rod 44 and the square groove. A retaining ball 48 is fixedly connected to the side of the movable rod 45 near the axis of the mounting plate 41. A cylindrical rod 47 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the movable rod 45. A limiting plate 42 is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting plate 41. A limiting groove 46 is opened through the side wall of the limiting plate 42. A rotatable drive plate 43 is installed on the side wall of the limiting plate 42. A drive groove 49 is opened through the outer wall of the drive plate 43. In the initial state, the circular rod 47 is simultaneously located at the inner edge of the limiting groove 46 and the drive groove 49. A driven pulley 10 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the drive plate 43. A transmission belt 9 is fitted on the outer wall of both the retaining mechanism 4 and the drive pulley 8.

[0028] The drive pulley 8 rotates, and the drive pulley 8 drives the driven pulley 10 and the drive plate 43 to rotate synchronously through the transmission belt 9. The drive groove 49 on the drive plate 43 generates a guiding force on the circular rod 47 passing through it. The circular rod 47 is simultaneously confined within the limiting groove 46 of the limiting plate 42. Under the double constraint, the moving rod 45 moves radially along the guide rod 44, and finally pushes the fixing ball 48 to fit against the outer wall of the steel pipe to complete the clamping and positioning. The two fixing mechanisms 4 are symmetrically arranged to form bidirectional positioning, which improves the center positioning accuracy of the steel pipe. The square groove of the guide rod 44 is adapted to the moving rod 45 to prevent the moving rod 45 from deflecting when it moves, thus ensuring the clamping stability. The power is taken from the servo motor 6 of Embodiment 1, which does not require additional drive components, simplifies the device structure, reduces energy consumption, and has stronger power coordination with the conveying mechanism 5.

[0029] Furthermore, referring to the retaining mechanism 4 in the figure, the specific number of the moving rod 45, the limiting groove 46, the circular rod 47 and the driving groove 49 are all three, and they are all arranged in a circular array.

[0030] When the drive plate 43 rotates, the three circular rods 47 move synchronously in the corresponding limiting grooves 46 and drive grooves 49, driving the three moving rods 45 to move closer or open synchronously along the circumferential radial direction, so that the three fixed balls 48 simultaneously contact the steel pipe from the three equally divided points of the circumference, forming a three-point positioning. The three-point clamping of the circumferential array makes the steel pipe uniformly stressed, avoiding positioning offset caused by single-point or two-point clamping; the synchronous operation of the three components ensures that the steel pipe is always on the central axis of the device and coaxial with the conveying mechanism 5, heating box 2, and through groove 3.

[0031] Furthermore, the retaining ball 48 can be divided into two parts: one part is the shell, which is circular in shape and has a spherical groove inside, and an opening at the edge; the other part is the sphere, which is rotatable inside the shell and its edge extends out of the shell through the opening.

[0032] The fixed ball 48 can be divided into two parts, which fixes the shell and the moving rod 45, providing an installation reference for the ball. When the steel pipe rotates circumferentially under the drive of the conveying mechanism 5 in Embodiment 1, the ball contacts the surface of the steel pipe and rotates synchronously with it, generating only rolling friction. Rolling friction replaces sliding friction, greatly reducing wear on the surface of the steel pipe and ensuring the appearance quality of the product. The ball can adapt to the curvature of the steel pipe surface, improving the contact fit and enhancing the positioning stability. It avoids the impact of excessive frictional resistance on the rotation of the steel pipe, ensuring smooth "axial movement + circumferential rotation" composite motion.

[0033] In addition, the mounting plate 41, the limiting plate 42 and the drive plate 43 also have circular grooves at their axial positions that are compatible with the through groove 3.

[0034] In specific implementation, two symmetrical fixing mechanisms 4 are added to the base plate 1. A servo motor 6 serves as the unified power source, transmitting power to the driven pulley 10 of the drive plate 43 via a drive pulley 8 and a transmission belt 9, driving the drive plate 43 to rotate. The drive groove 49 on the drive plate 43 and the limiting groove 46 of the limiting plate 42 together constrain the circular rod 47, causing the moving rod 45 to move radially along the guide rod 44 with a square groove. Because the moving rod 45, the limiting groove 46, and other components are arranged in a three-point circumferential array, the three moving rods 45 simultaneously push the fixing ball 48 from the three equally divided points of the circle to contact the steel pipe. The fixing ball 48 adopts a "shell + rotatable ball" structure, which can generate rolling friction as the steel pipe rotates circumferentially. Simultaneously, the axial circular groove of the mounting plate 41 and other components is coaxial with the through groove 3 and related components of Embodiment 1, ensuring that the steel pipe passes smoothly along the fixed axis, achieving coordinated operation of "precise positioning + smooth conveying".

[0035] 4. The double symmetrical layout combined with the three-point circular array clamping method achieves high-precision positioning of the steel pipe center. In addition, the coaxial design of each component and the through groove 3 effectively avoids local heating deviation caused by steel pipe offset. The double protection significantly reduces the surface hardness fluctuation and microstructure difference of the steel pipe after heat treatment, and greatly improves the product quality stability.

[0036] Working principle: The servo motor 6 is specially connected to the drive gear 7. Through the meshing pair between the drive gear 7 and the driven gear 53, the power is transmitted to the core component of the conveying mechanism 5, the driven gear 53. Under the power drive, the driven gear 53 drives the fixed limiting ring 52 to rotate stably within the annular limiting groove 46 of the mounting ring 51. At the same time, the bidirectional lead screw 55 is driven by a dedicated drive motor to rotate in both directions. Through the threaded transmission, it controls the moving blocks 57 on both sides to move closer or further away from the limiting rod 56 synchronously, so that the concave working surfaces of the two sets of drive rollers 58 are tightly fitted with the outer wall of the steel pipe. The drive rollers 58 generate rotational power under the drive of their own dedicated drive motor. Finally, the steel pipe movement stage: the rotation of the drive roller 58 drives the steel pipe to move axially along the axis through friction, while the rotation of the limiting ring 52 is transmitted to the bearing structure of the drive roller 58 through the driven toothed disc 53 and the mounting block 54, causing the drive roller 58 to rotate circumferentially synchronously with the steel pipe; at the same time, the fixing mechanism 4 completes the center positioning of the steel pipe under the drive of another servo motor 6, ensuring that the steel pipe always maintains a coaxial state in the compound motion of "axial movement + circumferential rotation", and finally smoothly enters the heating box 2 through the through groove 3 to complete uniform heating.

[0037] Two symmetrical retaining mechanisms 4 are added to the base plate 1. A servo motor 6 serves as the unified power source, transmitting power to the driven pulley 10 of the drive plate 43 via a drive pulley 8 and a transmission belt 9, thus driving the drive plate 43 to rotate. The drive groove 49 on the drive plate 43 and the limiting groove 46 on the limiting plate 42 together constrain the circular rod 47, causing the moving rod 45 to move radially along the guide rod 44 with a square groove. Because the moving rod 45, the limiting groove 46, and other components are arranged in a three-point circumferential array, the three moving rods 45 simultaneously push the retaining ball 48 from the three equally divided points of the circle to contact the steel pipe. The retaining ball 48 adopts a "shell + rotatable ball" structure, which can generate rolling friction as the steel pipe rotates circumferentially. Simultaneously, the axial circular groove of the mounting plate 41 and other components is coaxial with the through groove 3 and related components of Embodiment 1, ensuring that the steel pipe passes smoothly along the fixed axis, achieving coordinated operation of "precise positioning + smooth conveying".

[0038] Powered by a servo motor 6, the steel pipe, under the coordinated action of the drive roller 58 and the driven gear disc 53, enters the heating chamber 2 through the through groove 3, where it is heated during movement and rotation. This achieves continuous conveying and heating of the steel pipe, avoiding the problems of localized continuous heating or heat dissipation in traditional conveying methods. This results in a more uniform temperature distribution on the steel pipe surface, laying the foundation for improving the quality of heat treatment.

[0039] 4. The double symmetrical layout combined with the three-point circular array clamping method achieves high-precision positioning of the steel pipe center. In addition, the coaxial design of each component and the through groove 3 effectively avoids local heating deviation caused by steel pipe offset. The double protection significantly reduces the surface hardness fluctuation and microstructure difference of the steel pipe after heat treatment, and greatly improves the product quality stability.

[0040] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal surface heat treatment apparatus, comprising a base plate (1), a heating chamber (2), and a through groove (3), characterized in that, A conveying mechanism (5) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate (1), and the conveying mechanism (5) includes: A mounting ring (51) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate (1). An annular limiting groove (46) is provided inside the mounting ring (51). A rotatable limiting ring (52) is installed in the annular limiting groove (46). A through groove (3) is provided at the edge of the annular groove. The limiting ring (52) extends to the outside of the mounting ring (51) through the through groove (3). A driven gear plate (53) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limiting ring (52) away from the mounting ring (51). Four symmetrically arranged mounting blocks (54) are installed on the outer wall of the driven gear plate (53). A rotatable bidirectional lead screw (55) is installed on the inner wall of the two mounting blocks (54) on one side. A fixed bidirectional lead screw (55) is installed on the inner wall of the two mounting blocks (54) on the other side. A limiting rod (56) is fixedly installed. Two moving blocks (57) are provided on the outer walls of the bidirectional lead screw (55) and the limiting rod (56). Two moving blocks (57) on one side are threaded to the outer wall of the bidirectional lead screw (55), and two moving blocks (57) on the other side are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod (56). A rotatable drive roller (58) is installed on the side wall of the moving block (57). The outer periphery of the drive roller (58) is provided with an inwardly recessed working surface. The inwardly recessed working surface is composed of two inclined surfaces arranged symmetrically along the center line of the drive roller (58). The specific number of the drive roller (58) is two. The two drive rollers (58) are symmetrically arranged in the initial state.

2. The metal surface heat treatment apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Two servo motors (6) are fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate (1). The two servo motors (6) are respectively connected to the drive gear (7) and the drive pulley (8). The drive gear (7) meshes with the driven gear plate (53).

3. The metal surface heat treatment apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that: A drive motor is provided on one side of the bidirectional lead screw (55) and the drive roller (58), and the two drive motors are respectively connected to the bidirectional lead screw (55) and the drive roller (58).

4. The metal surface heat treatment apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting ring (51), the limiting ring (52), and the driven gear plate (53) all have circular grooves that fit the through groove (3) through the center of their side walls.

5. The metal surface heat treatment apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Two retaining mechanisms (4) are fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate (1). The two retaining mechanisms (4) are arranged symmetrically. The retaining mechanism (4) includes: A mounting plate (41) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate (1). A guide rod (44) with square grooves on both sides of its outer wall is fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting plate (41). A movable rod (45) is fitted on the outer wall of the guide rod (44) and is adapted to both the guide rod (44) and the square groove. A retaining ball (48) is fixedly connected to the side of the movable rod (45) near the axis of the mounting plate (41). A cylindrical rod (47) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the movable rod (45). One end of the mounting plate (41) is fixedly connected to a... A limiting plate (42) has a limiting groove (46) through its side wall. A rotatable drive plate (43) is installed on the side wall of the limiting plate (42). A drive groove (49) is through its outer wall. The circular rod (47) is initially positioned at the inner edge of both the limiting groove (46) and the drive groove (49). A driven pulley (10) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the drive plate (43). A transmission belt (9) is fitted on the outer wall of both the retaining mechanism (4) and the drive pulley (8).

6. The metal surface heat treatment apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The number of each of the moving rod (45), limiting groove (46), circular rod (47) and driving groove (49) is three, and they are all arranged in a circular array.

7. The metal surface heat treatment apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed ball (48) can be divided into two parts. One part is the shell, which is circular in shape and has a spherical groove inside and an opening at the edge. The other part is the ball, which is rotatable inside the shell and its edge extends out of the shell through the opening.

8. The metal surface heat treatment apparatus as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The mounting plate (41), the limiting plate (42), and the driving plate (43) also have circular grooves at their axial positions that are compatible with the through groove (3).

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