Excavation-free device for roadway of bottom structure of stope and construction method of excavation-free device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mine construction, and discloses a stope bottom structure roadway excavation-free device and a construction method thereof, and the device comprises a reserved container which is of a hollow structure with two sealed ends; the reserved containers are arranged on the sides, away from the goaf, of the ore removal roadway and the ore loading access road correspondingly, and every two adjacent reserved containers are detachably connected. The connecting pieces are used for connecting the adjacent reserved containers; according to the scheme, the reserved containers are arranged on the sides, away from the goaf, of the ore removal roadway and the ore loading access road, the adjacent reserved containers are connected through the connecting pieces, the multiple reserved containers are combined to fill the inner space of the roadway, and filling slurry is isolated through the closed hollow structures of the reserved containers during one-step chamber filling; an ore removal channel required by two-step ore pillar stoping is reserved in advance, and a roadway does not need to be dug reversely after a filling body is formed like a traditional technology; according to the method, the problem of low-cost ore removal during two-step ore column stoping of the open stoping subsequent filling mining method is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This solution belongs to the field of mine construction technology, specifically involving a device and construction method for excavation-free bottom structure roadways in mining areas. Background Technology

[0002] The bottom roadway structure of a mining site mainly includes external transport roadways, receiving roadways, ore extraction roadways, and loading roadways. The ore extraction roadways connect the receiving roadways and external transport roadways, while the loading roadways are used to directly receive ore from the mining area and transport it to the ore extraction roadways, together forming a key channel for ore transfer.

[0003] In traditional stope backfilling mining, the first step involves mining the designated stopes, clearing the ore from the stopes, leveling the goaf, and then backfilling the goaf with backfill slurry. This process aims to achieve partial mining of the ore body and ensure the stability of subsequent mining operations through backfilling. The second step involves mining the pillars after the stope backfill has been stabilized in the first step, in order to fully recover the ore body and reduce resource waste. The reason why bottom roadways need to be excavated in the backfill during the second step is that when the goaf is backfilled in the first step, the original ore extraction roadways and ore loading routes are covered by the backfill slurry. The ore produced by the pillars in the second step needs to be transported to the external transport roadways through these bottom roadways. Traditional mining methods lack the means to pre-reserve roadways, so these channels can only be re-formed by excavating in the backfill to meet the ore extraction requirements of the second step.

[0004] A backfilling mining method for reducing damage to backfill pillars is disclosed in the existing public (announcement) document CN116927783A. The method includes: when using a two-step backfilling mining body, after blasting the first-step stope, the loose rocks on the stope sidewalls are cleared before backfilling, holes are drilled on the pillars on both sides, and low-concentration tailings backfilling slurry is used to spray the pillars on both sides under high pressure. Then, an auxiliary drainage pipe is laid in the middle of the roadway using permeable material, and finally, cemented backfilling is carried out. When mining the second-step pillar, the amount of explosives used in blasting is appropriately reduced, and the distance from the bottom of the deep hole to the boundary of the backfill body is increased. After blasting the ore, the second-step stope is backfilled with tailings.

[0005] For example, in the aforementioned backfill mining method, the two-step recovery pillars require back-excavation of these bottom roadways within the backfill of the one-step stope. This not only involves a large amount of excavation work, high costs, and a long construction period, but is also prone to collapse due to insufficient stability of the backfill slurry. In actual operation, some mines reduce the number of ore loading routes to avoid back-excavation, only extracting ore through both ends of the receiving roadway. This reduces the number of ore outlets from 7-8 to 2, lowering ore extraction efficiency and even causing loss of mineral resources due to blockage at both ends of the receiving roadway. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that eliminates the need for back-excavation of bottom roadways and ensures low-cost ore extraction from the stope. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this solution is to provide a device for eliminating the need for excavation in the bottom structure roadway of a stope, in order to solve the problem of low-cost ore extraction during the two-step recovery of ore pillars in the subsequent backfilling mining method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this solution provides a device for eliminating the need for excavation in the bottom structure roadway of a mining area, comprising: The reserved container is a hollow structure sealed at both ends; the reserved container is respectively located on the side of the ore outlet roadway and the ore loading roadway away from the empty area, and two adjacent reserved containers can be detachably connected; A connector for connecting adjacent reserved containers.

[0008] The principle and effect of this scheme are as follows: (1) By setting up reserved containers on the side of the ore extraction roadway and ore loading route away from the empty area, and connecting the adjacent reserved containers with connectors, the reserved containers can be combined to fill the internal space of the roadway. During the first-step ore filling, the reserved containers are isolated by the sealed hollow structure of the reserved containers to preserve the ore extraction channel required for the second-step ore pillar. Unlike traditional technology, there is no need to back-dig the roadway after the filling body is formed. (2) This scheme saves a lot of engineering work in the traditional two-step ore mining back-dig, reduces the tunneling cost and construction period, and avoids the risk of filling body collapse that is easy to occur during the back-dig process. At the same time, the channel formed by the combination of reserved containers can completely preserve the functions of the ore extraction roadway and ore loading route, ensure that there are enough ore extraction outlets, avoid the problem of low ore extraction efficiency and resource loss caused by reducing the ore loading route, and realize the low cost and high efficiency of ore extraction when the two-step ore pillar is mined by the subsequent filling mining method in the empty area.

[0009] Furthermore, the number of the reserved containers is several, and they are connected sequentially along the extension direction of the ore outlet roadway and the ore loading roadway; the reserved containers are equipped with a counterweight medium, which is used to increase the weight of the reserved containers so that they can resist the buoyancy of the slurry during the filling process of the ore outlet roadway and the ore loading roadway; the free ends of the reserved containers located at the beginning and end are respectively equipped with retaining walls, which are used to close the two ends of the ore outlet roadway and the outer end of the ore loading roadway.

[0010] The principle and effect of this scheme are as follows: (1) Modular splicing adapts to roadway spaces of different lengths, thereby filling and covering the interior of the roadway. (2) When the filling slurry is filled, it will generate an upward buoyancy force on the hollow sealed pre-reserved container. Since the pre-reserved container itself is relatively light, it is easy to float, shift or deviate in attitude if the weight is not increased, resulting in deformation and misalignment of the pre-set ore outlet channel structure formed by its combination. In this scheme, the pre-reserved container itself has a certain weight after being placed in the roadway. The overall weight of the pre-reserved container is increased by the counterweight medium, so that the downward gravity generated during the filling process of the filling slurry can offset the upward buoyancy force applied by the slurry. (3) The openings at both ends of the ore outlet roadway and the outer end of the ore loading roadway are sealed by the retaining wall to isolate the filling slurry.

[0011] Furthermore, the counterweight medium is water; the front end of the reserved container is provided with a water inlet, and the bottom of the rear end is provided with a water outlet, and the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively provided with sealing plugs.

[0012] The principle and effect of this solution are as follows: water is used as a counterweight medium, which is low cost; water of appropriate weight is injected through the front inlet, and the water can be discharged from the bottom outlet at the rear end; the sealing plug is used to seal the container after water is injected.

[0013] Furthermore, the connector includes a first connector, which includes a male buckle and a female buckle. The male buckle is located at the front end of the reserved container, and the female buckle is located at the rear end of the reserved container. The male buckle and the female buckle are configured to engage and fix the female buckle of the previous reserved container with the male buckle of the next reserved container.

[0014] The principle and effect of this solution is that by reserving corresponding male and female buckles at the front and rear ends of the container, adjacent containers are connected into a whole, avoiding loose connections and container misalignment during filling.

[0015] Furthermore, the connector includes a second connector, which includes a screw and a threaded sleeve. The threaded sleeve is rotatably mounted on the front end face of the reserved container, and the screw is fixedly mounted on the rear end face of the reserved container. The screw and the threaded sleeve are threadedly engaged, so that the screw of the previous reserved container is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve of the next reserved container. It also includes a drive assembly for driving the threaded sleeve to rotate. The drive assembly includes a cylinder, a piston, and a piston rod. The cylinder is mounted on the side wall of the reserved container, and the piston is slidably mounted in the cavity of the cylinder. The upper end face of the piston is rotatably connected to the piston rod. The free end of the piston rod passes through the cylinder. The cylinder has a water inlet hole, which is connected to the water inlet of the reserved container via a pipe. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the free end of the piston rod, and a rack is fixedly connected to the free end of the connecting rod. A toothed ring is coaxially fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve, and the toothed ring meshes with the rack.

[0016] The principle and effect of this scheme are as follows: (1) The male and female buckles are used to connect the reserved containers. However, the connection between the male and female buckles is a point contact type, with a small contact area. In the mining of steeply inclined and extremely thick ore bodies, the filling slurry flows quickly and has a strong impact force when it is released from the top of the goaf. In particular, during the process of the slurry surface rising, it will generate an impact force on the reserved containers, which will cause the interface to loosen easily. The continuous flushing of the filling slurry will cause the connection of adjacent reserved containers to loosen, and the reserved containers will shift. (2) In this scheme, the piston is initially located at the lower part of the cylinder body, the piston rod retracts into the cylinder body, and the rack and the toothed ring remain engaged. When water is injected through the inlet of the reserved container, a portion of the clean water enters the inner cavity of the cylinder body through the pipe and the inlet hole of the cylinder body, which increases the water pressure in the cavity enclosed by the lower end face of the piston and the cylinder body, pushing the piston to slide upward, and thus driving the piston rod to extend axially. During the extension of the piston rod, the rack remains engaged with the toothed ring along with the piston rod. The movement of the rack drives the toothed ring to rotate, and the toothed ring is coaxially fixed with the threaded sleeve. Therefore, the threaded sleeve rotates accordingly, forming a threaded tightening action with the screw of the previous reserved container, and is driven axially by the drive trolley outside the reserved container. When water injection stops, the piston rod extends to the limit position, and the threaded sleeve has been fully screwed into the screw, thus making the threaded connection between the adjacent reserved containers through the screw and the threaded sleeve more stable, solving the problem that the original male and female threaded connection is easily dispersed and offset by the slurry.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a cleaning component, which includes a rotary joint and a vent. The rotary joint is rotatably connected to the threaded sleeve on the same axis. The vent is located on the cylinder body and on the upper end face of the piston. The vent communicates with the internal cavity of the cylinder body and is connected to the rotary joint through a vent pipe. The free end of the threaded sleeve has an air jet port facing the outer wall of the screw and is connected to the rotary joint.

[0018] The principle and effect of this scheme are as follows: (1) During the tunnel mining and installation process, there are a lot of debris falling from the roof. When the screw is installed, these impurities adhere to the surface of the screw. When the screw and the threaded sleeve are connected by threads, the debris will be embedded in the thread gap between the two, causing the threads to fail to mesh, increasing the tightening resistance and causing jamming. It is easy to cause stripping and damage to the thread structure. In the end, the screw and the threaded sleeve cannot form a stable connection, making it difficult to resist the impact of the filling slurry. There is still a risk of the reserved container shifting. (2) In this scheme, in the initial state, the piston is located at the bottom of the cylinder. The protrusion is retracted into the through hole of the screw under the tension of the tension spring. The rotary joint and the threaded sleeve maintain coaxial rotational cooperation. When the drive piston slides upward, it not only drives the piston rod to extend and drive the threaded sleeve to rotate, but also squeezes the upper cavity of the piston's upper end face in the cylinder, causing the gas in the cavity to be pressurized. The pressurized gas is ejected from the vent port, transported to the rotary joint through the vent pipe, and then ejected from the jet port through the channel in the threaded sleeve. This allows the airflow to remove the debris that falls from the top plate attached to the screw surface, preventing debris from getting embedded in the thread gap and causing connection jamming or stripping.

[0019] Furthermore, the number of the jet nozzles is two symmetrically arranged sets, and the jet nozzles are arranged vertically. The outlet end of the jet nozzle faces the external thread of the screw. The threaded sleeve has two sets of channels, and the two ends of the channels are respectively connected to the rotary joint and the jet nozzle.

[0020] The principle and effect of this solution are as follows: by setting the air jet as described above, the gas ejected from the air jet can be blown into the threaded groove of the screw, which facilitates the threaded engagement between the threaded sleeve and the screw.

[0021] Furthermore, a cavity is provided at the end of the screw, and a through hole is provided on the side wall of the screw. The through hole communicates with the cavity. A protrusion is slidably connected in the through hole. The protrusion is configured to cooperate with the air jet nozzle. The air jet nozzle is used to attract the protrusion into the air jet nozzle. A tension spring is fixedly connected to the protrusion. The free end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the cavity.

[0022] The principle and effect of this solution are as follows: After the screw and threaded sleeve are tightened and fixed, the vibration generated by frequent construction in the tunnel can easily cause the threaded sleeve and screw to loosen. Therefore, when the threaded sleeve rotates to the preset pre-tightening position (after tightening), water injection is stopped, causing the piston to slide downwards. The upper cavity space on the upper end face of the piston increases, generating negative pressure. The negative pressure is transmitted to the air jet port through the vent, vent pipe, rotary joint, and passageway. This negative pressure then attracts the protrusion in the screw through hole to overcome the tension spring force and embed into the air jet port, forming a mechanical limiting structure. This prevents the screw and threaded sleeve from loosening due to secondary vibration, solving the threaded connection problem caused by impurities and further strengthening the connection stability of the second connecting part.

[0023] A method for excavation-free construction of bottom structure roadways in a mining area, comprising the application of an excavation-free device for bottom structure roadways in a mining area as described above, and including the following steps: Step S10: After cleaning the ore in the first-step ore chamber, a remote-controlled loader is used to level the ground of the ore outlet roadway and the ore loading roadway to make the ground of the ore outlet roadway and the ore loading roadway flat. Step S20: Connect several reserved containers sequentially with connectors and push them into the ore extraction roadway and ore loading roadway along the side away from the empty area until all the ore extraction roadway and ore loading roadway are filled with reserved containers. Step S30: Fill the free ends of the reserved containers located at the beginning and end with retaining walls to seal the two ends of the ore outlet roadway and the outer end of the ore loading roadway through the retaining walls; Step S40: Lower the filling slurry from the filling roadway at the top of the goaf into the goaf until the filling slurry fills the entire goaf. Step S50: After the goaf has been filled and cured for 1 day, remove all retaining walls and use an electric saw to cut the front and rear ends of the reserved containers so that the interiors of several reserved containers form a connected channel, thus completing the formation of the bottom roadway of the mining area.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S20, before connecting the reserved containers sequentially, clean water is injected into the reserved containers through the water inlet at the front end of the reserved containers. The height of the injected clean water is 0.3~1.0m. After the injection is completed, the water inlet is sealed with a sealing plug before the sequential connection of the reserved containers is carried out. In step S40, when the filling slurry is released, if the liquid level of the filling slurry does not cover the reserved containers, the filling slurry is released in 2~3 times. If the liquid level of the filling slurry covers the reserved containers, the release of filling slurry is stopped. After the released filling slurry has solidified, the filling slurry is released into the goaf area again. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pre-reserved container installed in the tunnel according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view along the middle AA; Figure 3 For Figure 2 A sectional view along the middle edge BB; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reserved container in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second connector of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second connector of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pre-assembled container in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the container reserved in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder body of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cleaning component of the present invention.

[0026] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: reserved container 1, water inlet 11, water outlet 12, first connector 2, male thread 21, female thread 22, ore outlet roadway 3, ore loading roadway 4, retaining wall 5, filling slurry 6, receiving roadway 7, filling roadway 8, external transport roadway 9, second connector 10, screw 101, cavity 1011, through hole 1012, protrusion 1013, tension spring 1014, threaded sleeve 102, air jet 1021, passageway 1022, drive assembly 11, cylinder 111, water inlet 1111 Piston 112, piston rod 113, first guide rod 1131, second guide rod 1132, first guide groove 1133, second guide groove 1134, horizontal guide groove 1135, spring 114, rack 115, gear ring 116, first pin 117, second pin 118, cleaning assembly 12, rotary joint 121, vent 122, vent pipe 123, dust suppression assembly 13, water inlet pipe 131, water tank 132, branch pipe 133, drain pipe 134, water spray pipe 135, fan blade 136. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following will describe the concept and technical effects of the present invention clearly and completely with reference to embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1: Please see Figure 1 Please see Figures 1-4This embodiment discloses a device for excavation-free roadway construction at the bottom of a stope, applicable to the first-step stope filling operation in subsequent stope filling mining. It can pre-reserve the ore extraction channel required for the second-step pillar recovery during the stope filling process. This embodiment is applied to a copper-zinc ore body mining scenario at an elevation of -150m to -200m. This ore body has a strike length of 200-300m, an average thickness of 30-60m, and a dip angle of 80°-90°, belonging to a steeply dipping, extremely thick, and large ore body. Most of the ore body is of moderate stability. The device mainly consists of a pre-reserved container 1, a first connecting piece 2, a retaining wall 5, and a sealing plug. The specific structure and connection relationships are as follows: Please see Figure 4 The pre-reserved container 1 is made of high-density PE material and is shaped like a battery. Its front and rear ends are sealed by hot-melt welding to form a hollow structure. The material possesses both good pressure resistance and sealing properties, preventing the filling slurry 6 from seeping into the interior and affecting the channel formation. The cross-sectional dimensions of the pre-reserved container 1 match the cross-sectional dimensions of the ore outlet roadway 3 and the ore loading entrance 4. Specifically, it can be processed into various models according to the actual width and height specifications of the roadways, ensuring that the outer wall of the pre-reserved container 1 can tightly fit the inner wall of the ore outlet roadway 3 and the ore loading entrance 4. This prevents the filling slurry 6 from seeping into the interior of the pre-reserved container 1 from lateral gaps and limits the lateral displacement of the pre-reserved container 1 within the roadway, preventing it from shifting its posture due to slurry impact during the filling process. The number of reserved containers 1 is flexibly configured according to the actual length of the ore extraction roadway 3 and the ore loading roadway 4. Usually, the length of each reserved container 1 is set to 2-5m, and they are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the roadway so that all reserved containers 1 can completely fill the entire roadway space. Modular splicing is used to adapt to the needs of roadways of different lengths.

[0028] Please continue reading. Figure 4 In this embodiment, clean water is used as the counterweight medium filling the pre-reserved container 1, which is not only inexpensive but also easy to drain during subsequent construction. The front top of the pre-reserved container 1 has an integrally formed water inlet 11; the rear bottom has a corresponding water outlet 12 of the same specifications. Both the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 are equipped with rubber sealing plugs. The sealing plugs and interfaces are interference-fitted. After injecting clean water, the sealing plugs are embedded into the interfaces to seal the container, preventing the filling slurry 6 from entering the pre-reserved container 1. In practical applications, clean water is injected into the pre-reserved container 1 to a height of 0.3-1.0m through the water inlet 11. By increasing the overall weight of the pre-reserved container 1, the downward gravity generated during the filling process of the filling slurry 6 can counteract the upward buoyancy exerted by the slurry, thereby preventing the pre-reserved container 1 from floating or shifting.

[0029] Please continue reading. Figure 4The first connector 2 includes a male buckle 21 and a female buckle 22 (this is prior art), both made of plastic injection molding. The male buckle 21 is fixedly disposed in the middle area of ​​the front end face of the reserved container 1, and has a raised structure; the female buckle 22 is correspondingly disposed in the middle of the rear end face of the reserved container 1, and is an annular groove that matches the raised part of the male buckle 21. When connecting adjacent reserved containers 1, the female buckle 22 of the previous reserved container 1 is aligned with the male buckle 21 of the next reserved container 1, and an axial thrust is applied to make the male buckle 21 embed into the groove of the female buckle 22, thereby connecting several reserved containers 1 sequentially.

[0030] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The retaining wall 5 is constructed by on-site concrete casting, with a thickness of 20-30cm. During casting, it is tightly attached to the free end face of the reserved containers 1 located at both ends, and also tightly integrated with the inner walls of both ends of the ore extraction roadway 3 and the outer inner wall of the ore loading access roadway 4. Before casting, formwork support is installed to ensure the flatness of the retaining wall 5 after it is formed. After curing for 7 days, the formwork is removed. The retaining wall 5 seals the two ends of the ore extraction roadway 3 and the outer end of the ore loading access roadway 4, preventing the subsequent filling slurry 6 from overflowing from the roadway opening and ensuring that the filling slurry 6 can completely fill the goaf. After the overall installation of the device is completed, a reserved channel foundation is formed that connects to the external transport roadway 9 and the receiving roadway 7. After the first step of filling is completed, a complete ore extraction channel can be formed directly by cutting the front and rear end faces of the reserved containers 1, without the need for back excavation in the filling body.

[0031] Example 2: Please see Figures 1-3 The construction method for excavation-free bottom structure roadways disclosed in this embodiment is based on the excavation-free bottom structure roadway device described in Embodiment 1. It is applicable to the subsequent backfilling mining project of steeply inclined, extremely thick ore bodies. The specific construction process is as follows: Step S10: After the ore in the first-step ore chamber is completely cleared by the remote-controlled loader, the same remote-controlled loader is used to level the ground of the ore outlet roadway 3 and the ore loading access roadway 4. During the operation, the ground slope of the ore outlet roadway 3 and the ore loading access roadway 4 should not exceed 1%, and there should be no obvious protrusions or depressions. This leveling operation can provide a foundation for the subsequent installation of the reserved container 1 and avoid the reserved container 1 from tilting after placement due to uneven ground. Step S20: The reserved containers 1 are sequentially connected via the first connector 2 and transported to the entrances of the ore extraction roadway 3 and the ore loading access roadway 4. Following the direction of the roadway extension, a small traction device is used to align the female buckle 22 of the previous reserved container 1 with the male buckle 21 of the next reserved container 1. Axial thrust is manually applied to secure the two together, forming a continuous container group, until all the ore extraction roadways 3 and ore loading access roads 4 are filled with reserved containers 1. Then, clean water is injected into each reserved container 1 through the water inlet 11 at the front end of the reserved container 1. During the injection process, the height of the injected clean water is controlled within the range of 0.3-1.0m. This height range ensures that the reserved container 1 receives sufficient counterweight to resist the buoyancy of the filling slurry 6. After injection, the rubber sealing plug is immediately inserted into the water inlet 11, achieving a seal through interference fit. In step S30, C30 high-strength concrete formwork is used to support the free ends of the reserved containers 1 located at both ends. During the pouring process, an immersion vibrator is used to compact the concrete, ensuring that the concrete is in full contact with the free end face of the reserved container 1 and the inner wall of the roadway. After the concrete has cured for 7 days, the formwork is removed, and the resulting retaining wall 5 can seal the two ends of the ore outlet roadway 3 and the outer end of the ore loading roadway 4, preventing the slurry from overflowing from the roadway opening. Step S40: Filling slurry 6 is lowered into the goaf from the filling roadway 8 at the top of the goaf. During the lowering process, the slurry level is monitored in real time by a level sensor installed in the goaf. If the level of filling slurry 6 does not submerge the reserved container 1, to avoid displacement of the reserved container 1 due to the impact force caused by excessive slurry volume in a single lowering, filling slurry 6 is lowered in 2-3 stages, with an interval of no less than 8 hours between each lowering, allowing the lowered slurry to initially settle and stabilize, reducing the lateral pressure on the reserved container 1. If the level of filling slurry 6 submerges the reserved container 1, the buoyancy of the slurry on the container increases significantly, and the lowering of filling slurry 6 is immediately stopped. After the lowered filling slurry 6 has solidified for 7 days and its strength reaches more than 10 MPa, it can effectively support the reserved container 1. Then, filling slurry 6 is lowered into the goaf until the filling slurry 6 fills the entire goaf, ensuring the integrity of the filling body. Step S50: After the goaf has been filled and cured for 28 days, the filling slurry 6 will be completely solidified to the design strength of 30MPa. At this time, all retaining walls 5 will be demolished. During demolition, a hydraulic breaker will be used for mechanical crushing, and manual cleaning of the broken concrete blocks will be carried out. Then, the sealing plug of the water outlet 12 at the bottom of the rear end of the reserved container 1 will be removed to completely drain the water inside. Then, a high-power electric saw with a power of 5.5kW will be used to cut along the front and rear ends of the reserved container 1. During the cutting process, the electric saw blade will be kept perpendicular to the end face of the container to ensure that the cut is flat. After cutting, several reserved containers 1 form a smooth, interconnected channel, which is the bottom roadway of the stope required for the second-step pillar mining. This process eliminates the need for reverse excavation within the backfill, significantly reducing the amount of excavation work and construction costs, shortening the construction period, and avoiding the risk of backfill collapse during reverse excavation. This ensures the safe and efficient operation of subsequent ore extraction and also preserves the functions of the ore extraction roadway 3 and the ore loading access road 4, ensuring a sufficient number of ore outlets and avoiding the problems of low ore extraction efficiency and resource loss caused by reducing the ore loading access road 4.

[0032] Example 3: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, in Embodiment 1, male fastener 21 and female fastener 22 are used to connect the reserved container 1. However, the connection between male fastener 21 and female fastener 22 is a point contact type, with a small contact area. Furthermore, in the mining of steeply inclined, extremely thick ore bodies, the filling slurry flows rapidly and has a strong impact force when it is released from the top of the goaf. Especially during the rise of the slurry level, it will exert an impact force on the reserved container 1, causing the interface to easily loosen. The continuous scouring of the filling slurry will then cause the connection between adjacent reserved containers 1 to loosen, resulting in the reserved container 1 shifting. Therefore, this embodiment further improves upon Embodiment 1 by eliminating the outlet 12 and replacing the first connecting member 2 with a second connecting member 10. The specific structure is as follows: Please see Figures 5-7 The second connecting member 10 includes a screw 101 and a threaded sleeve 102. The threaded sleeve 102 is rotatably mounted on the front end face of the reserved container 1, and the screw 101 is fixedly mounted on the rear end face of the reserved container 1. The screw 101 and the threaded sleeve 102 are configured to cooperate, so that the screw 101 of the previous reserved container 1 is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve 102 of the subsequent reserved container 1 (the connected state is as follows). Figure 7 (As shown).

[0033] Please see Figures 8-10Furthermore, it also includes a drive assembly 11 for driving the threaded sleeve 102 to rotate. The drive assembly 11 includes a cylinder 111, a piston 112, and a piston rod 113. The cylinder 111 is located at the rear end of the reserved container 1, near the side wall of the threaded sleeve 102. The piston 112 is slidably disposed in the cavity inside the cylinder 111. The upper end face of the piston 112 is rotatably connected to the piston rod 113. The free end of the piston rod 113 passes through the cylinder 111, and the lower end face of the piston 112 is fixed. A spring 114 is fixedly connected, and the free end of the spring 114 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder body 111; the cylinder body 111 is provided with a water inlet hole 1111, which is connected to the water inlet 11 of the reserved container 1 through a pipe; a connecting rod 114 is fixedly connected to the free end of the piston rod 113, and a rack 115 is fixedly connected to the free end of the connecting rod 114; a toothed ring 116 is coaxially fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve 102, and the toothed ring 116 meshes with the rack 115. During operation, piston 112 is initially located at the lower part of cylinder 111, piston rod 113 retracts into cylinder 111, and rack 115 and gear ring 116 remain engaged. When water is injected through the inlet 11 of the pre-reserved container 1, this scheme uses continuous water injection. Clean water enters the inner cavity of cylinder 111 through the pipe and the inlet 1111 of cylinder 111, increasing the water pressure in the cavity enclosed by the lower end face of piston 112 and cylinder 111, pushing piston 112 upward, thereby driving... Piston rod 113 extends axially. During the extension of piston rod 113, rack 115 remains engaged with toothed ring 116. The movement of rack 115 drives toothed ring 116 to rotate. Since toothed ring 116 is coaxially fixed with threaded sleeve 102, threaded sleeve 102 rotates accordingly, forming a threaded tightening action with screw 101 of the previous reserved container 1. Through the drive trolley (not shown) outside the reserved container 1, the reserved container 1 is pushed to move axially. When water injection stops, piston rod 113 extends to its limit position, and threaded sleeve 102 is fully screwed into screw 101. This makes the threaded connection between adjacent reserved containers 1 and screw 101 and threaded sleeve 102 more stable, solving the problem that the original male thread 21 and female thread 22 connection is easily dispersed or offset by slurry.

[0034] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11Because the screw 101 is relatively long, the piston rod 113 needs to have a long stroke when continuously injecting water. To avoid the piston rod 113 being too long, this solution uses intermittent water injection. The specific improved structure is as follows: The piston rod 113 includes a first guide rod 1131 and a second guide rod 1132. The first guide rod 1131 is coaxially fixed at the free end of the piston rod 113, and the second guide rod 1132 is fixed at the end of the piston rod 113 near the piston 112. The outer wall of the first guide rod 1131 is provided with a first guide groove 1133, and the second guide rod 1132 is fixed at the end of the piston rod 113 near the piston 112. The outer wall of 132 is provided with a second guide groove 1124. Both the first guide groove 1133 and the second guide groove 1124 are threaded guide grooves, and the threads rotate in opposite directions. The rear end of the pre-reserved container 1 is provided with a first pin 117 and a second pin 118. The first pin 117 is configured to cooperate with the first guide groove 1133 to guide the first guide rod 1131 to rotate clockwise, so that the rack 116 rotates until it disengages from the gear ring 116. The second pin 118 is configured to cooperate with the second guide groove 1124 to guide the second guide rod 1132 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the rack 116 rotates until it engages with the gear ring 116. It should be noted that those skilled in the art need to set a large spacing between the threaded guide grooves of the first guide groove 1133 and the second guide groove 1124, and a large lead angle (e.g., Figure 11 (As shown). In summary, when the first guide rod 1131 or the second guide rod 1132 moves axially, it can cooperate with the pin through the first guide groove 1133 or the second guide groove 1124, thereby driving the piston rod 113 to rotate forward or backward, so that the rack 116 engages or disengages from the gear ring 116. Meanwhile, the threaded guide grooves of the first guide groove 1133 and the second guide groove 1124 both include a vertically arranged and connected horizontal guide groove 1135. However, it is necessary to make the horizontal guide grooves 1135 of the first guide groove 1133 and the second guide groove 1124 staggered, and to make the first pin 117 and the second pin 118 staggered at intervals, so that they correspond to their respective horizontal guide grooves 1135. This prevents the first pin 117 or the second pin 118 from contacting the horizontal guide grooves 1135 of the second guide rod 1122 or the first guide rod 1131, so as not to drive the second guide rod 1132 or the first guide rod 1131 to rotate. Ultimately, this prevents the piston rod 113 from driving the rack 115 to move in the opposite direction during the retraction process, thereby causing the threaded sleeve 102 to reverse.

[0035] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: In the initial state, the spring 114 is in a naturally extended state, the piston 112 is located at the lower part of the cylinder 111, and the piston rod 113 is retracted. At this time, the second pin 118 is engaged in the horizontal guide groove 1135 of the second guide rod 1132, the rack 115 and the toothed ring 116 are engaged, and the first pin 117 is misaligned with the horizontal guide groove 1135 of the first guide rod 1131 and does not contact each other. When water is injected through the inlet 11 of the reserved container 1 (intermittent water injection is adopted), a part of the clean water is injected into the reserved container 1 as a counterweight (because the outlet 12 is cancelled, the clean water is always retained to maintain the stability of the counterweight), and another part of the clean water enters through the pipe through the inlet hole 1111 of the cylinder 111. The water pressure inside the cylinder 111 increases, causing the lower end face of the piston 112 to rise and push the piston 112 upward against the spring force of the spring 114, thereby causing the piston rod 113 to extend axially. During the extension of the piston rod 113, the second guide rod 1132 moves upward accordingly. During the upward movement, the rack 115 remains engaged with the toothed ring 116 along with the piston rod 113. The movement of the rack 115 causes the toothed ring 116 to rotate. The toothed ring 116 is coaxially fixed with the threaded sleeve 102, so the threaded sleeve 102 rotates accordingly, forming a threaded tightening action with the screw 101 of the previous reserved container 1. Through the drive trolley outside the reserved container 1, the reserved container 1 is pushed to move axially. When water injection stops, the piston rod 113 extends to its limit position, causing the first guide rod 1131 to extend outside the cylinder 111. When the water pressure inside the cylinder 111 decreases, the spring 114 returns to its original position and contracts, pulling the piston 112 downwards. The piston rod 113 retracts axially simultaneously, and the first guide rod 1131 moves downwards accordingly. The first pin 117 slides within the first guide groove 1133 (forward threaded guide groove), driving the piston rod 113 to rotate forward synchronously. The rack 115 rotates forward with the piston rod 113 until it completely disengages from the gear ring 116, preventing the piston rod 113 from causing the rack 115 to move in the opposite direction during retraction. The threaded sleeve 102 reverses direction; at the same time, because the horizontal guide grooves 1135 of the first guide groove 1133 and the second guide groove 1124 are misaligned, and the first pin 117 and the second pin 118 are distributed at intervals and misaligned, during the movement of the piston rod 113, the pins only cooperate with the guide grooves of the corresponding guide rods and will not accidentally touch the horizontal guide grooves 1135 of the other guide rod, ensuring that the meshing and disengagement of the rack 115 and the toothed ring 116 are controllable. Through this intermittent water injection to drive the piston 112 to reciprocate, the threaded sleeve 102 is rotated, making the threaded connection between the adjacent reserved container 1 and the threaded sleeve 102 through the screw 101 more stable.

[0036] Example 4: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that, due to the presence of numerous debris falling from the roof during the tunnel excavation and installation process, these impurities adhere to the surface of the screw 101 during the installation of the second connector 10. When the screw 101 and threaded sleeve 102 are threaded together, the debris becomes embedded in the thread gap, preventing thread engagement, increasing tightening resistance, causing jamming, and easily leading to stripping and damage to the thread structure. Ultimately, this results in the screw 101 and threaded sleeve 102 failing to form a stable connection, making it difficult to resist the impact of the filling slurry, and still posing a risk of misalignment of the pre-reserved container 1. Furthermore, even after the screw 101 and threaded sleeve 102 are tightened and fixed, the frequent vibrations generated during tunnel construction can easily cause the threaded sleeve 102 and screw 101 to loosen. Therefore, this embodiment further improves upon Embodiment 3 to solve this problem.

[0037] Please continue reading. Figures 8-12 The system also includes a cleaning component 12, which comprises a rotary joint 121 and a vent 122. The rotary joint 121 is coaxially rotatably connected to the threaded sleeve 102. The vent 122 is located on the cylinder body 111 and on the upper end face of the piston 112. The vent 122 communicates with the internal cavity of the cylinder body 111 and is connected to the rotary joint 121 through a vent pipe 123. The free end of the threaded sleeve 102 has an air jet 1021 facing the outer wall of the screw 101, and the air jet 1021 communicates with the rotary joint 121. Furthermore, the number of air jets 1021 is two symmetrically arranged sets, and the air jets 1021 are vertically arranged. The outlet end of the air jet 1021 faces the external thread of the screw 101. The threaded sleeve 102 has two sets of channels 1022, and the two ends of the channels 1022 are respectively connected to the rotary joint 121 and the air jet 1021.

[0038] Please continue reading. Figure 12 Furthermore, a cavity 1011 is provided at the end of the screw 101, and a through hole 1012 is provided on the side wall of the screw 101. The through hole 1012 communicates with the cavity 1011. A protrusion 1013 is slidably connected in the through hole 1012. The protrusion 1013 is configured to cooperate with the air nozzle 1021. The air nozzle 1021 is used to attract the protrusion 1013 into the air nozzle 1021. A tension spring 1014 is fixedly connected to the protrusion 1013. The free end of the tension spring 1014 is fixedly connected to the cavity 1011.

[0039] Please continue reading. Figure 12Furthermore, the number of through holes 1012 and protrusions 1013 is equal to the number of air jets 1021. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set a preset screw-in angle for the corresponding threaded sleeve 102, so that after the threaded sleeve 102 rotates to the preset position, the air jet 1021 and the through hole 1012 are located on the same central axis, so that the protrusions 1013 can be attracted into the air jet 1021.

[0040] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: In the initial state, the piston 112 is located at the lower part of the cylinder 111, the spring 114 is naturally extended, and the protrusion 1013 is retracted into the through hole 1012 of the screw 101 under the tension of the tension spring 1014. The rotary joint 121 and the threaded sleeve 102 maintain coaxial rotational engagement. When water is injected through the water inlet 11 of the reserved container 1 to drive the piston 112 to slide upward, it not only drives the piston rod 113 to extend to drive the threaded sleeve 102 to rotate, but also squeezes the upper cavity of the upper end face of the piston 112 in the cylinder 111, so that the gas in the cavity is pressurized. The pressurized gas is ejected from the vent 122, transported to the rotary joint 121 through the vent pipe 123, and then ejected from the jet nozzle 1021 through the channel 1022 in the threaded sleeve 102. This allows the airflow to remove the debris that has fallen from the top plate attached to the surface of the screw 101, preventing debris from embedding in the thread gap and causing connection jamming or stripping. Finally, when the threaded sleeve 102 rotates to the preset pre-tightened position (after being screwed in place), water injection stops, the spring 114 resets and pulls the piston 112 to slide downwards, the upper cavity space of the upper end face of the piston 112 increases and generates negative pressure, the negative pressure is transmitted to the air jet 1021 through the vent 122, vent pipe 123, rotary joint 121 and passage 1022, and then attracts the protrusion 1013 in the through hole 1012 of the screw 101 to overcome the elastic force of the tension spring 1014 and embed into the air jet 1021, forming a mechanical limiting structure, thereby preventing the screw 101 and the threaded sleeve 102 from loosening due to secondary vibration. This solution not only solves the connection problem caused by impurities, but also further strengthens the connection stability of the second connector 10.

[0041] Example 5: The difference between this embodiment and embodiments 3 and 4 is that, since the reserved container 1 is made of PE or other plastic materials, a large amount of dust will be generated when the front and rear ends of the reserved container 1 need to be cut later. In addition, the construction vibration in the tunnel itself will also generate dust. The tunnel is also a semi-enclosed space with limited ventilation, making it difficult for dust to disperse. Therefore, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 3.

[0042] Please see Figure 8It also includes a dust suppression component 13, which includes a water inlet pipe 131, a water storage tank 132, and a branch pipe 133. The water storage tank 132 is detachably mounted on the top of the reserved container 1. Specifically, the reserved container 1 can be fixed to the top of the reserved container 1 by means of a bracket and bolts (not shown), so that the water that should originally remain in the reserved container 1 is stored in the water storage tank 132. The water inlet pipe 131 is fixed to the reserved container 1. The top of the container is connected to the inlet of the pre-reserved container 11, and the outlet of the inlet pipe 131 is connected to the water storage tank 132. The inlet of the branch pipe 133 is connected to the inlet pipe 131, and the outlet of the branch pipe 133 is connected to the inlet hole 1111 of the cylinder body 111. A one-way valve is provided near the inlet hole 1111 of the branch pipe 133, so that the water in the branch pipe 133 can only flow into the cylinder body 111 in one direction (see [reference]). Figure 8 (The arrow indicates the flow direction of the branch pipe 133). It should be noted that the one-way valve here needs to be set to a relatively low internal pressure. The inlet 1111 is also connected to a drain pipe 134. The wall of the drain pipe 134 is set on the end face of the reserved container 1. The outlet end of the drain pipe 134 is connected to a spray pipe 135. The free end of the spray pipe 135 is connected to the water storage tank 132. A one-way valve is installed on the drain pipe 134 near the inlet 1111, ensuring that water in the drain pipe 134 can only flow into the water storage tank 132 in one direction (see [reference]). Figure 8 (The arrow indicates the flow direction of the drain pipe 134). The wall of the drain pipe 134 is fixed to the inner wall of the front end of the reserved container 1. The pressure inside the one-way valve on the drain pipe 134 is greater than the pressure inside the one-way valve of the branch pipe 133. Water can only be injected into the water storage tank 132 through the one-way valve of the branch pipe 133 after the cylinder 111 is filled with water, thus preventing water from flowing directly into the water storage tank 132 through the drain pipe 134 and thus preventing it from flowing into the cylinder 111.

[0043] Please continue reading. Figure 8 Furthermore, the connection end between the drain pipe 134 and the spray pipe 135 is equipped with a quick-connect plug (not shown), which is existing technology. The plug is inserted into the spray pipe 135. The connection end between the spray pipe 135 and the water storage tank 132 is located in the middle of the water storage tank 132 to avoid excessive water usage for spraying. The spray pipe 135 is coaxially rotatably connected to a fan blade 136 (which can be connected to the fan blade 136 via a rotary joint). The fan blade 136 is fixedly connected to the free end of the spray pipe 135. A water wheel (not shown) is provided inside the spray pipe 135. The shaft of the water wheel is fixedly connected to the rotary joint, thereby causing the water wheel to drive the fan blade 136 to rotate, and the fan blade 136 to drive the free end of the spray pipe 135 to rotate. The front and rear ends of the reserved container 1 can be cut along the cross-section of the reserved container 1 for recycling.

[0044] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: In the initial state, the water storage tank 132 is fixed to the top of the reserved container 1 by a bracket and bolts, replacing the water stored inside the reserved container 1 for counterweight. When water is injected through the water inlet 11, the clean water is diverted through the water inlet pipe 131 and enters the water inlet hole 1111 of the cylinder 111 through the branch pipe 133, pushing the piston 112 to move upward to drive the threaded sleeve 102 to rotate and achieve connection. When the piston 112 moves to the limit position, the water pressure increases, and the water flows from the drain pipe 134 into the water storage tank 132. During the subsequent cutting of the front and rear ends of the reserved container 1, the drain pipe 135 is also cut simultaneously. The drain pipe 134 and the water spray pipe 135 are then disassembled. After the end of the water spray pipe 135 is unblocked, the water in the water tank 132 flows through the water spray pipe 135, driving the internal water wheel to rotate. The water wheel drives the fan blade 136 to rotate through the rotating shaft and rotary joint, which in turn drives the free end of the water spray pipe 135 to rotate. The rotating water spray pipe 135 forms a water mist to remove dust, thereby reducing the plastic dust generated during cutting and the dust raised by construction vibration, preventing the dust from spreading in the semi-enclosed tunnel. After the cutting operation is completed, the water tank 132, drive assembly 11, second connector 10, etc., are removed. After subsequent cleaning, the container 1 can be put into a new reserved container for recycling.

[0045] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for eliminating the need for excavation in the bottom structure roadway of a mining area, characterized in that, include: Reserved container (1), the reserved container (1) is a hollow structure sealed at both ends; the reserved container (1) is respectively located on the side away from the empty area of ​​the ore outlet roadway (3) and the ore loading roadway (4), and two adjacent reserved containers (1) can be detachably connected; A connector for connecting adjacent reserved containers (1).

2. The device for eliminating the need for excavation in the bottom structure roadway of a mining area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the reserved containers (1) is several, and they are connected sequentially along the extension direction of the ore outlet roadway (3) and the ore loading roadway (4); the reserved containers (1) are provided with a counterweight medium, which is used to increase the weight of the reserved containers (1) so that the reserved containers (1) can resist the buoyancy of the slurry during the filling of the slurry in the ore outlet roadway (3) and the ore loading roadway (4); the free ends of the reserved containers (1) located at the beginning and end are respectively provided with retaining walls (5), which are used to close the two ends of the ore outlet roadway (3) and the outer end of the ore loading roadway (4).

3. The device for eliminating the need for excavation in the bottom structure roadway of a mining area according to claim 2, characterized in that: The counterweight medium is water; the front end of the reserved container (1) is provided with a water inlet (11) and the bottom of the rear end is provided with a water outlet (12), and the water inlet (11) and the water outlet (12) are respectively provided with sealing plugs.

4. The device for eliminating the need for excavation in the bottom structure roadway of a mining area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector includes a first connector (2), which includes a male buckle (21) and a female buckle (22). The male buckle (21) is located at the front end of the reserved container (1), and the female buckle (22) is located at the rear end of the reserved container (1). The male buckle (21) and the female buckle (22) are configured to engage and fix the female buckle (22) of the previous reserved container (1) with the male buckle of the next reserved container (1).

5. The device for excavation-free construction of bottom structure roadways in a mining area according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connector includes a second connector (10), which includes a screw (101) and a threaded sleeve (102). The threaded sleeve (102) is rotatably mounted on the front end face of the reserved container (1), and the screw (101) is fixedly mounted on the rear end face of the reserved container (1). The screw (101) and the threaded sleeve (102) are threadedly engaged, so that the screw (101) of the previous reserved container (1) is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve (102) of the next reserved container (1). The connector also includes a drive assembly (11) for driving the threaded sleeve (102) to rotate. The drive assembly (11) includes a cylinder (111), a piston (112), and a piston rod (113). The cylinder (111) is mounted on the front end face of the reserved container (1). On the side wall of container (1), the piston (112) is slidably disposed in the cavity inside the cylinder (111). The upper end face of the piston (112) is rotatably connected to the piston rod (113). The free end of the piston rod (113) passes through the cylinder (111). The cylinder (111) is provided with a water inlet (1111). The water inlet (1111) is connected to the water inlet (11) of the reserved container (1) through a pipe. The free end of the piston rod (113) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (114). The free end of the connecting rod (114) is fixedly connected to a rack (115). The threaded sleeve (102) is coaxially fixedly connected to a toothed ring (116). The toothed ring (116) meshes with the rack (115).

6. The device for excavation-free construction of bottom structure roadways in a mining area according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a cleaning component (12), which includes a rotary joint (121) and a vent (122). The rotary joint (121) is coaxially rotatably connected to the threaded sleeve (102). The vent (122) is located on the cylinder (111) and on the upper end face of the piston (112). The vent (122) is connected to the internal cavity of the cylinder (111). The vent (122) is connected to the rotary joint (121) through a vent pipe (123). The free end of the threaded sleeve (102) is provided with a jet nozzle (1021) facing the outer wall of the screw (101). The jet nozzle (1021) is connected to the rotary joint (121).

7. The device for eliminating the need for excavation in the bottom structure roadway of a mining area according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the jet nozzles (1021) is two sets symmetrically arranged, and the jet nozzles (1021) are arranged vertically. The outlet end of the jet nozzle (1021) faces the external thread of the screw (101). The threaded sleeve (102) has two sets of channels (1022). The two ends of the channels (1022) are connected to the rotary joint (121) and the jet nozzle (1021) respectively.

8. The device for eliminating the need for excavation in the bottom structure roadway of a mining area according to claim 7, characterized in that: The screw (101) has a cavity (1011) at its end and a through hole (1012) on its side wall. The through hole (1012) communicates with the cavity (1011). A protrusion (1013) is slidably connected in the through hole (1012). The protrusion (1013) is configured to cooperate with the air nozzle (1021). The air nozzle (1021) is used to attract the protrusion (1013) into the air nozzle (1021). A tension spring (1014) is fixedly connected to the protrusion (1013). The free end of the tension spring (1014) is fixedly connected to the cavity (1011).

9. A method for excavation-free construction of bottom structure roadways in a mining area, comprising the application of an apparatus for excavation-free construction of bottom structure roadways in a mining area as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S10: After cleaning the ore in the first-step mine, a remote-controlled loader is used to level the ground of the ore outlet roadway (3) and the ore loading roadway (4) to make the ground of the ore outlet roadway (3) and the ore loading roadway (4) flat. Step S20: Connect several reserved containers (1) sequentially with connectors and push them into the roadway along the side away from the empty area of ​​the ore outlet roadway (3) and the ore loading roadway (4) until all the ore outlet roadways (3) and the ore loading roadway (4) are filled with reserved containers (1); Step S30: Fill the free ends of the reserved containers (1) located at the beginning and end with retaining walls (5) to seal the two ends of the ore outlet roadway (3) and the outer end of the ore loading roadway (4) through the retaining walls (5); Step S40: Lower the filling slurry (6) from the filling roadway at the top of the goaf into the goaf until the filling slurry (6) fills the entire goaf. Step S50: After the goaf has been filled and cured for 28 days, all retaining walls (5) are removed, and the front and rear ends of the reserved containers (1) are cut with an electric saw to form a connected channel inside several reserved containers (1), thus completing the formation of the bottom roadway of the mining area.

10. A method for excavation-free construction of bottom structure roadways in a mining area according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S20, before connecting the reserved containers (1) sequentially, clean water is injected into the reserved containers (1) through the inlet (11) at the front end of the reserved containers (1). The height of the injected clean water is 0.3~1.0m. After the injection is completed, the inlet (11) is sealed with a sealing plug, and then the reserved containers (1) are connected sequentially. In step S40, when the filling slurry (6) is lowered, if the liquid level of the filling slurry (6) does not exceed the reserved container (1), the filling slurry (6) is lowered in 2~3 times. If the liquid level of the filling slurry (6) exceeds the reserved container (1), the lowering of the filling slurry (6) is stopped. After the lowered filling slurry (6) has solidified, the filling slurry (6) is lowered into the goaf area.

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