Safety monitoring device for preventing and controlling dynamic disasters in underground roadway construction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety, and discloses an underground roadway construction dynamic disaster prevention safety monitoring device which comprises a shell, a driving assembly is fixedly installed at the top end of an inner cavity of the shell, and a cleaning assembly is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the shell; the driving assembly comprises a positioning sleeve, and the positioning sleeve is fixedly installed at the right end of the inner cavity of the shell. When an extension shaft moves rightwards, a moving plate is driven to move rightwards in an inner cavity of a fixing box, external air is sucked into a filtering assembly and a one-way air inlet pipe and finally enters the fixing box, after monitoring is completed, an air cylinder can drive a laser transmitter to move reversely to be collected into a positioning sleeve, and the right end of a shell is covered for dust prevention; the movable plate moves leftwards to squeeze gas into the gas outlet pipe and spray the gas on the laser transmitter in a fan shape, when the end face of the laser transmitter is located in the gas spraying range of the gas outlet pipe, the laser transmitter can be automatically cleaned, then laser transmission is prevented from being affected, and the monitoring precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine safety technology, and more specifically, to a safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, laser convergence monitoring devices in underground roadways generally face two major challenges: First, the problem of monitoring accuracy attenuation. The laser emitter mirror is exposed to high-dust environments for extended periods, where fine coal and rock dust adheres firmly, significantly attenuating laser intensity and the quality of the received signal, leading to data drift or even failure in deformation monitoring. Second, the dilemma of safe maintenance. Frequent manual cleaning or calibration is required to ensure accuracy, but the underground environment is dangerous and confined, resulting in low maintenance efficiency and high risk, and safety monitoring gaps exist during downtime maintenance. Although some devices are equipped with simple dust covers, this does not solve the problem of active mirror cleaning; while adding an automatic cleaning module presents problems such as system complexity, high cost, high energy consumption, and unsuitability for explosion-proof environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters in underground roadway construction, which has the advantage of high monitoring accuracy.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction, comprising a shell, a drive assembly fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the shell, and a cleaning assembly fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell; The drive assembly includes a positioning sleeve, which is fixedly installed on the right end of the inner cavity of the housing, and a cylinder is fixedly installed on the left end of the positioning sleeve. A laser emitter is fixedly installed on the output end of the cylinder. The cleaning component includes a fixed box, a positioning shaft is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the fixed box, a movable plate is slidably connected to the surface of the positioning shaft, an extension shaft is fixedly installed at the left end of the movable plate, and a one-way air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the left end of the positioning shaft, respectively.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a dust cover is rotatably connected to the right side of the outer shell. The dust cover is located to the right of the positioning sleeve, and the area of ​​the positioning sleeve is smaller than the area of ​​the dust cover.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the left end of the extension shaft extends through and to the left side of the fixing box, and a connecting rod is fixedly installed at the left end of the extension shaft, and the top end of the connecting rod is fixedly installed on the output end of the cylinder.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a one-way component is fixedly installed at the front end of the air outlet pipe. The one-way component includes a support frame, which is fixedly installed in the inner wall of the air outlet pipe. A telescopic shaft and a spring are fixedly installed at the right end of the support frame. A sealing plate is fixedly installed at the right end of the telescopic shaft and the spring. A sealing ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air outlet pipe, and the left end of the sealing ring is in contact with the sealing plate.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom end of the housing is provided with a moving component, the moving component includes a rack, the rack is fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the bottom end of the connecting rod, the bottom end of the housing is rotatably connected to two rotating shafts, the top ends of the two rotating shafts are fixedly installed with gears, the middle and bottom of the two rotating shafts are respectively fixedly installed with a transmission wheel and a locking block, and the surface of the transmission wheel is connected to a transmission belt.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an installation component is placed at the bottom of the outer casing. The installation component includes a mounting bracket, which is fitted to the bottom of the outer casing. A connecting bracket is fixedly installed in the middle of the mounting bracket, and a locking ring is fixedly installed at the right end of the connecting bracket. An annular groove is formed in the middle of the locking ring.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a filter assembly is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the one-way air intake pipe. The filter assembly includes a fixed pipe, which is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the one-way air intake pipe. A placement frame is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the fixed pipe, and a filter screen is placed in the inner cavity of the placement frame. A sealing plate is rotatably connected to the left end of the fixed pipe, and a rubber strip is fixedly installed at the right end of the sealing plate.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the right side of the bottom end of the sealing plate is inclined upward, the rubber strip is attached to the fixing tube, the bottom end of the outer shell is rotatably connected to a threaded rod, and the top and bottom ends of the threaded rod are respectively fixedly installed with a gear and a pressure block.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, quick-installation components are fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the bottom of the outer shell. The quick-installation components include a fixing plate, which is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the outer shell. A telescopic rod and a spring are fixedly installed on one end of the fixing plate away from the center of the outer shell. A locking block is fixedly installed on the other end of the telescopic rod and the spring. A square groove is provided at the top of the mounting bracket.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner cavity of the outer shell is provided with a connecting component, the connecting component including a relief groove and a power cord, the relief groove being opened at the front end of the positioning sleeve, and the power cord being electrically connected to the laser emitter and passing through the relief groove.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Achieving closed-loop self-maintenance ensures the long-term accuracy and reliability of monitoring. This invention combines monitoring drive with mirror cleaning function. Each time the laser emitter completes monitoring and retracts, it is automatically cleaned by a directional, pressurized airflow generated by the same drive source (cylinder). This design ensures that the mirror surface is cleaned promptly after each working cycle, eliminating laser attenuation and signal drift problems caused by dust accumulation. Experiments show that this automatic cleaning mechanism can maintain the laser emitter mirror transmittance above 99% after operation, providing a guarantee for accurate and continuous monitoring of tunnel deformation.

[0015] 2. The system achieves multi-functional integration through purely mechanical linkage, featuring a compact structure, high reliability, and adaptability to underground explosion-proof environments. The core of the entire device lies in its linkage mechanism. Through the reciprocating motion of a single cylinder, via connecting rods, racks, gears, pistons, and other purely mechanical transmissions, it can precisely control the extension / retraction of the laser emitter, the opening and closing of the dust cover, the generation and spraying of clean airflow, the locking / unlocking of the equipment casing, and the pressing / releasing of the filter assembly maintenance door. This design eliminates multiple independent motors, sensors, and controllers, simplifying the structure, reducing costs and failure rates, and fully meeting the stringent explosion-proof requirements for electrical equipment in mines, demonstrating strong environmental adaptability.

[0016] 3. Improved operational safety and convenience, and reduced long-term maintenance costs. This invention transforms the traditionally high-risk, high-frequency manual high-altitude cleaning and maintenance into autonomous equipment operation, eliminating safety hazards for personnel in this process. Simultaneously, its unique linkage logic allows for automatic completion of equipment installation and locking status switching and filter maintenance preparation as natural extensions of monitoring operations. Maintenance personnel do not need to carry special tools; they can quickly disassemble and assemble the outer casing or conveniently replace the filter after one equipment operation cycle, improving individual maintenance efficiency and saving downhole manpower and maintenance costs.

[0017] 4. This invention resolves the contradiction between unmanned operation and high precision requirements for fixed monitoring points. Addressing the harsh environment and difficulty of manual intervention at fixed monitoring points in underground roadways, this invention provides a complete automated solution. Through a closed-loop system of monitoring, cleaning, and protection, and automated preparation of maintenance interfaces, the device can maintain optimal operating conditions for extended periods without frequent human intervention. This effectively resolves the long-standing industry dilemma of requiring frequent maintenance to ensure accuracy versus minimizing manual labor to reduce risk, laying the hardware foundation for truly unmanned and intelligent operation and maintenance of underground monitoring points. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-assembly assembly connection of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the outer shell and fixing box of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the positioning sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the filter assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the air outlet pipe of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Outer shell; 2. Drive assembly; 21. Positioning sleeve; 22. Cylinder; 23. Laser emitter; 24. Dust cover; 3. Cleaning assembly; 31. Fixing box; 32. Positioning shaft; 33. Moving plate; 34. Extension shaft; 35. One-way air inlet pipe; 36. Air outlet pipe; 37. Connecting rod; 4. One-way assembly; 41. Support frame; 42. Telescopic shaft one; 43. Spring one; 44. Sealing plate; 45. Sealing ring; 5. Moving assembly; 51. Rack; 52. Rotating shaft; 53. Gear 54. Drive wheel; 55. Drive belt; 56. Locking block; 6. Mounting assembly; 61. Mounting bracket; 62. Connecting bracket; 63. Locking ring; 7. Filter assembly; 71. Fixing tube; 72. Placement frame; 73. Filter screen; 74. Sealing plate; 75. Rubber strip; 76. Threaded rod; 77. Gear II; 78. Pressure block; 8. Quick-release assembly; 81. Fixing plate; 82. Telescopic rod II; 83. Spring II; 84. Clamping block; 9. Connecting assembly; 91. Leaving groove; 92. Power cord. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, the present invention provides a safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction, including a shell 1, a drive assembly 2 fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the shell 1, and a cleaning assembly 3 fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell 1. The drive assembly 2 includes a positioning sleeve 21, which is fixedly installed on the right end of the inner cavity of the housing 1. A cylinder 22 is fixedly installed on the left end of the positioning sleeve 21. A laser emitter 23 is fixedly installed on the output end of the cylinder 22. A dust cover 24 is rotatably connected to the right side of the housing 1. The dust cover 24 is located on the right side of the positioning sleeve 21. The area of ​​the positioning sleeve 21 is smaller than the area of ​​the dust cover 24. The cleaning component 3 includes a fixed box 31. A positioning shaft 32 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the fixed box 31. A movable plate 33 is slidably connected to the surface of the positioning shaft 32. An extension shaft 34 is fixedly installed at the left end of the movable plate 33. A one-way air inlet pipe 35 and an air outlet pipe 36 are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the left end of the positioning shaft 32, respectively. The left end of the extension shaft 34 passes through and extends to the left side of the fixed box 31. A connecting rod 37 is fixedly installed at the left end of the extension shaft 34. The top end of the connecting rod 37 is fixedly installed on the output end of the cylinder 22.

[0022] The exhaust pipe 36 is fixedly installed with a one-way component 4. The one-way component 4 includes a support frame 41, which is fixedly installed in the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 36. A telescopic shaft 42 and a spring 43 are fixedly installed at the right end of the support frame 41. A sealing plate 44 is fixedly installed at the right end of the telescopic shaft 42 and the spring 43. A sealing ring 45 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 36. The left end of the sealing ring 45 is in contact with the sealing plate 44.

[0023] The inner cavity of the outer casing 1 is provided with a connecting component 9, which includes a relief groove 91 and a power cord 92. The relief groove 91 is opened at the front end of the positioning sleeve 21, and the power cord 92 is electrically connected to the laser emitter 23 and passes through the relief groove 91.

[0024] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: See Figure 4 and Figure 5 During normal operation, rack 51 and gear 53 are separated. The outer shell 1 is installed on the mounting assembly 6, which is installed on one side of the tunnel. The reflective target is installed on the other side of the tunnel, and the angle of the reflective target is adjusted so that the laser can return. During monitoring, cylinder 22 drives laser emitter 23, connecting rod 37 and extension shaft 34 to move to the right. The laser emitter 23 moves to the right, causing it to extend out of positioning sleeve 21 and lift dust cover 24, exposing the laser emitter 23 to the tunnel and ensuring normal laser emission. When the extension shaft 34 moves to the right, it drives the moving plate 33 to move to the right in the inner cavity of the fixed box 31. Since the right side of the top of the fixed box 31 has a through hole, the normal movement of the moving plate 33 can be guaranteed. During the movement, the positioning shaft 32 positions and guides the movement of the moving plate 33. The space on the left side of the fixed box 31 to the left of the moving plate 33 draws the outside air into the filter assembly 7 and the one-way air inlet pipe 35. During this process, the pressure block 78 contacts the sealing plate 74 and presses the sealing plate 74 on the left side of the fixed pipe 71, and enters the fixed box 31 through the one-way air inlet pipe 35. After monitoring is completed, to prevent the laser emitter 23 from being exposed in the tunnel for an extended period, the cylinder 22 will move the laser emitter 23 in the opposite direction and retract it into the positioning sleeve 21. During the leftward movement of the laser emitter 23, the power cable 92 slides within the clearance groove 91. Figure 4 The power cord 92 is suspended and will not affect the movement of the internal structure of the device. When the positioning sleeve 21 is fully retracted into the positioning sleeve 21, the dust cover 24 loses the support of the laser emitter 23 and rotates downward under the action of gravity to cover the right end of the outer shell 1 for dust protection. Furthermore, during the process of the laser emitter 23 being retracted from the outer side into the positioning sleeve 21, the leftward movement of the output end of the cylinder 22 can drive the moving plate 33 to move to the left via the connecting rod 37 and the extension shaft 34. At this time, since the spring 43 provides a rightward elastic force to the sealing plate 44, the sealing plate 44 is sealed. Thus, the gas is first compressed to generate a certain pressure before it can push the sealing plate 44 to the left. When the gas pressure applied to the right side of the sealing plate 44 is greater than the elastic force of the spring 43, the sealing plate 44 can be pushed open, thereby allowing the pressurized gas to enter the exhaust pipe 36 and be sprayed onto the laser emitter 23 in a fan shape. When the end face of the laser emitter 23 is within the range of the exhaust gas of the exhaust pipe 36, the laser emitter 23 can be cleaned. When the positioning sleeve 21 is completely retracted into the positioning sleeve 21, the rack 51 and the gear 77 are still not meshed.

[0025] During one complete working cycle of the cylinder (22), the components are linked in the following sequence: Extended monitoring stage: The piston rod of cylinder (22) extends to the right, simultaneously driving: a) the laser emitter (23) to move to the right and open the dust cover (24); b) the connecting rod (37) drives the moving plate (33) to move to the right through the extension shaft (34), forming a negative pressure in the left cavity of the fixed box (31), drawing in external air after it is filtered through the filter screen (73); c) the connecting rod (37) drives the rack (51) to move to the right, but it only meshes with gear one (53) at the end of this stage.

[0026] Retraction Cleaning and Locking Stage: The piston rod of cylinder (22) retracts to the left, simultaneously driving: a) the laser emitter (23) to move to the left; b) the moving plate (33) to move to the left, compressing the gas in the left chamber. When the pressure exceeds the elastic force of spring one (43), it pushes open the sealing plate (44), and the gas is sprayed out of the exhaust pipe (36) at high speed to clean the mirror surface; c) after the laser emitter (23) is fully retracted, the dust cover (24) automatically closes under gravity; d) at this time, the rack (51) and gear one (53) enter the effective meshing stroke, driving the locking block (56) to rotate 90 degrees, thereby locking the outer shell (1) and the mounting bracket (61).

[0027] Maintenance preparation stage (optional): When maintenance is required, control cylinder (22) retracts laser emitter (23) to the leftmost end. At this time, rack (51) continues to move to the left, which will drive: a) Gear one (53) to continue to rotate, so that locking block (56) rotates 90 degrees to return to the unlocked position; b) The left end of rack (51) meshes with gear two (77), driving threaded rod (76) to rotate and lift pressure block (78), releasing the pressure on the filter assembly sealing plate (74). At this time, quick disassembly of the outer shell or replacement of the filter screen can be performed.

[0028] Example 2: like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction. The bottom end of the outer shell 1 is provided with a moving component 5. The moving component 5 includes a rack 51, which is fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the bottom end of the connecting rod 37. The bottom end of the outer shell 1 is rotatably connected to two rotating shafts 52. The top ends of the two rotating shafts 52 are fixedly installed with gears 53. The middle and bottom of the two rotating shafts 52 are respectively fixedly installed with a transmission wheel 54 and a locking block 56. The surface of the transmission wheel 54 is connected to a transmission belt 55.

[0029] The bottom of the outer casing 1 is provided with an installation component 6, which includes a mounting bracket 61. The mounting bracket 61 is attached to the bottom of the outer casing 1. A connecting bracket 62 is fixedly installed in the middle of the mounting bracket 61. A locking ring 63 is fixedly installed at the right end of the connecting bracket 62. An annular groove is provided in the middle of the locking ring 63.

[0030] The quick-installation assembly 8 is fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the bottom of the outer shell 1. The quick-installation assembly 8 includes a fixing plate 81, which is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the outer shell 1. A telescopic rod 82 and a spring 83 are fixedly installed on one end of the fixing plate 81 away from the center of the outer shell 1. A locking block 84 is fixedly installed on the other end of the telescopic rod 82 and the spring 83. A square groove is opened at the top of the mounting bracket 61.

[0031] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: First, during installation, cylinder 22 pulls laser emitter 23 to the far left. At this time, rack 51 engages with gear 53, and locking block 56 aligns with the top of locking ring 63. (See below) Figure 6 The state of the locking block 56 after rotating 90 degrees, and the quick-release assembly 8 inserted into the square slot; When the locking block 84 contacts the square groove, the inclined surface of the locking block 84 pushes it towards the fixing plate 81, allowing the protruding part of the locking block 84 to enter below the fixing plate 81. At this time, the compressed spring 83, under the action of elastic force, pushes the locking block 84 back and locks it below the top of the mounting bracket 61, thus temporarily fixing the outer shell 1 and the mounting bracket 61. The starting cylinder 22 drives the connecting rod 37 and the rack 51 to move to the right, driving the locking block 56 to rotate, so that the top of the locking block 56 is misaligned with the top of the locking ring 63. Figure 6 As shown in the diagram, the locking block 56 is locked inside the locking ring 63, thus securing the outer casing 1. When the device is damaged or needs to be disassembled for maintenance, the cylinder 22 drives the rack 51 to move to the left. The rack 51 drives the rotating shaft 52 and the locking block 56 to rotate by meshing with the gear 53. Since the transmission belt 55 is used to drive the transmission wheel 54 on the two rotating shafts 52, the two rotating shafts 52 can rotate synchronously. When the locking block 56 is aligned with the top of the locking ring 63, the mounting bracket 61 and the outer shell 1 are unlocked. The locking block 84 is pushed towards the fixing plate 81, so that the fixing plate 81 is misaligned with the square groove on the mounting bracket 61, and the outer shell 1 can be taken out upward.

[0032] Example 3: like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the present invention provides a safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction. A filter assembly 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of a one-way air inlet pipe 35. The filter assembly 7 includes a fixed pipe 71, which is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the one-way air inlet pipe 35. A placement frame 72 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the fixed pipe 71, and a filter screen 73 is placed in the inner cavity of the placement frame 72. A sealing plate 74 is rotatably connected to the left end of the fixed pipe 71, and a rubber strip 75 is fixedly installed at the right end of the sealing plate 74.

[0033] The right side of the bottom end of the sealing plate 74 is inclined upward, the rubber strip 75 is attached to the fixing tube 71, and the bottom end of the outer shell 1 is rotatably connected to the threaded rod 76. The top and bottom ends of the threaded rod 76 are respectively fixedly installed with the gear 77 and the pressure block 78.

[0034] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: When the movable plate 33 moves to the right, the outside air first passes through the filter assembly 7 before entering the one-way air intake pipe 35. During this process, the pressure block 78 presses the sealing plate 74 tightly against the left side of the fixed pipe 71. At this time, the side wall of the fixed pipe 71 is closed, and the air can only enter through the bottom of the fixed pipe 71 and be filtered by the filter screen 73. After the monitoring is completed, the rack 51 drives the gear 2 77 to rotate. Through the meshing of the threaded rod 76 with the outer shell 1, the pressure block 78 moves upward and separates from the sealing plate 74. At this time, the sealing plate 74 is unlocked and can be directly rotated upward to remove and replace the filter screen 73. During the monitoring, because the rack 51 moves to the right, it can drive the pressure block 78 to move downward, so that the pressure block 78 presses on the sealing plate 74.

[0035] Working principle and usage process of this invention: First, the mounting bracket 61 is installed on one side of the tunnel, and then the reflective target is installed on the other side of the tunnel. Then, the housing 1 is placed on top of the mounting bracket 61. When placing it, the cylinder 22 pulls the laser emitter 23 to the far left. At this time, the rack 51 meshes with the gear 53, the locking block 56 is aligned with the top of the locking ring 63, and the quick-release assembly 8 is inserted into the square slot. When the locking block 84 contacts the square groove, the inclined surface of the locking block 84 can push the locking block 84 toward the fixing plate 81, so that the protruding part on the locking block 84 enters the bottom of the fixing plate 81. At this time, the spring 83, which is in a compressed state, pushes the locking block 84 back and locks it under the top of the mounting bracket 61 under the action of the elastic force. Then, the cylinder 22 is activated to move the connecting rod 37 and the rack 51, which in turn drives the locking block 56 to rotate, causing the locking block 56 to be misaligned with the top of the locking ring 63. At this time, the locking block 56 is locked inside the locking ring 63, thus fixing the outer casing 1. In use, cylinder 22 drives laser emitter 23 to move to the right, which in turn drives extension shaft 34 and moving plate 33 to move to the right, drawing outside air into fixed box 31 through filter assembly 7 and one-way air inlet pipe 35, where the air is filtered by filter assembly 7; when laser emitter 23 extends out of positioning sleeve 21, it pushes dust cover 24 upward, thereby opening dust cover 24. At this time, laser emitter 23 is no longer blocked by dust cover 24 and emits laser to monitor whether the tunnel is deformed; After the monitoring is completed, the cylinder 22 drives the laser emitter 23 to move to the left. During this process, the moving plate 33 moves to the left and squeezes the air drawn into the fixed box 31 into the exhaust pipe 36. Since there is a one-way component 4 in the exhaust pipe 36, the gas is compressed first when it is pushed and does not overcome the elastic force of the spring 43. When the gas is under pressure, the air pressure overcomes the elastic force of the spring 43 and pushes the sealing plate 44 to the left to open the sealing ring 45. At this time, the gas is sprayed out through the exhaust pipe 36 onto the retracted laser emitter 23. When the end of the laser emitter 23 is located at the exhaust end of the exhaust pipe 36, the dust on the laser emitter 23 can fall off. When the laser emitter 23 is retracted into the positioning sleeve 21, the dust cover 24 loses the support of the laser emitter 23 and rotates downward under the action of gravity to cover the right side of the outer shell 1, thereby sealing the positioning sleeve 21. During the above process, the connecting rod 37 moves and drives the rack 51 to move to the left, but does not mesh with the first gear 53 and the second gear 77. When gear 1 53 meshes with gear 2 77, it can drive the threaded rod 76 to rotate. Through the meshing of the threaded rod 76 with the outer shell 1, it can drive the pressure block 78 to move upward away from the sealing plate 74. At this time, the sealing plate 74 is unlocked and can be opened directly to take out the filter screen 73 for replacement. During long-term monitoring, cylinder 22 is periodically activated to enable periodic monitoring of roadway deformation; When a system failure occurs in the outer casing 1 or maintenance is required, the cylinder 22 drives the connecting rod 37 to move to the left. During this process, the rack 51 meshes with the gear 53, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 52 and the locking block 56 to rotate, so that the locking block 56 is aligned with the top of the locking ring 63. At this time, the mounting bracket 61 is unlocked from the outer casing 1. After pushing the locking block 84 toward the fixing plate 81, the outer casing 1 can be directly taken out upward.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic maintenance method for a safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction, characterized in that, Achieving multi-functional mechanical linkage through a single drive source includes the following steps: The laser emitter (23) is moved between the protective position and the monitoring position by the drive component (2); During the process of the laser emitter (23) moving from the protective position to the monitoring position, the cleaning component (3) is driven to operate synchronously to store cleaning gas; During the process of the laser emitter (23) returning from the monitoring position to the protective position, the following operations are performed simultaneously: a. Drive the cleaning component (3) to spray the cleaning gas toward the laser emitter (23) for cleaning; b. Drive the dust cover (24) to close to cover the laser emitter (23).

2. A safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction, used to implement the method described in claim 1, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A drive assembly (2) is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the outer shell (1), and a cleaning assembly (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer shell (1). The drive assembly (2) includes a positioning sleeve (21), which is fixedly installed on the right end of the inner cavity of the outer shell (1). A cylinder (22) is fixedly installed on the left end of the positioning sleeve (21), and a laser emitter (23) is fixedly installed on the output end of the cylinder (22). The cleaning component (3) includes a fixed box (31), a positioning shaft (32) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the fixed box (31), a moving plate (33) is slidably connected to the surface of the positioning shaft (32), an extension shaft (34) is fixedly installed at the left end of the moving plate (33), and a one-way air inlet pipe (35) and an air outlet pipe (36) are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the left end of the positioning shaft (32), respectively.

3. The safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A dust cover (24) is rotatably connected to the right side of the outer shell (1). The dust cover (24) is located to the right of the positioning sleeve (21). The area of ​​the positioning sleeve (21) is smaller than the area of ​​the dust cover (24).

4. The safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left end of the extension shaft (34) passes through and extends to the left side of the fixed box (31). A connecting rod (37) is fixedly installed on the left end of the extension shaft (34), and the top end of the connecting rod (37) is fixedly installed on the output end of the cylinder (22).

5. The safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A one-way component (4) is fixedly installed at the front end of the air outlet pipe (36). The one-way component (4) includes a support frame (41). The support frame (41) is fixedly installed in the inner wall of the air outlet pipe (36). A telescopic shaft (42) and a spring (43) are fixedly installed at the right end of the support frame (41). A sealing plate (44) is fixedly installed at the right end of the telescopic shaft (42) and the spring (43). A sealing ring (45) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air outlet pipe (36). The left end of the sealing ring (45) is in contact with the sealing plate (44).

6. The safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the outer casing (1) is provided with a moving component (5), the moving component (5) includes a rack (51), the rack (51) is fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the bottom end of the connecting rod (37), the bottom end of the outer casing (1) is rotatably connected to two rotating shafts (52), the top ends of the two rotating shafts (52) are fixedly installed with gears (53), the middle and bottom of the two rotating shafts (52) are respectively fixedly installed with a transmission wheel (54) and a locking block (56), and the surface of the transmission wheel (54) is connected to a transmission belt (55). An installation component (6) is placed at the bottom of the outer shell (1). The installation component (6) includes a mounting bracket (61). The mounting bracket (61) is attached to the bottom of the outer shell (1). A connecting bracket (62) is fixedly installed in the middle of the mounting bracket (61). A locking ring (63) is fixedly installed at the right end of the connecting bracket (62). An annular groove is provided in the middle of the locking ring (63).

7. The safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A filter assembly (7) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the one-way air intake pipe (35). The filter assembly (7) includes a fixed pipe (71). The fixed pipe (71) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the one-way air intake pipe (35). A placement frame (72) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the fixed pipe (71). A filter screen (73) is placed in the inner cavity of the placement frame (72). A sealing plate (74) is rotatably connected to the left end of the fixed pipe (71). A rubber strip (75) is fixedly installed at the right end of the sealing plate (74).

8. The safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The right side of the bottom end of the sealing plate (74) is inclined upward. The rubber strip (75) is attached to the fixed tube (71). The bottom end of the outer shell (1) is rotatably connected to a threaded rod (76). The top and bottom ends of the threaded rod (76) are respectively fixedly installed with a gear (77) and a pressure block (78).

9. A safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: Quick-installation components (8) are fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the bottom of the outer shell (1). The quick-installation components (8) include a fixing plate (81). The fixing plate (81) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the outer shell (1). A telescopic rod (82) and a spring (83) are fixedly installed on one end of the fixing plate (81) away from the center of the outer shell (1). A locking block (84) is fixedly installed on the other end of the telescopic rod (82) and the spring (83). A square groove is opened at the top of the mounting bracket (61).

10. A safety monitoring device for preventing dynamic disasters during underground roadway construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the outer shell (1) is provided with a connecting component (9), which includes a relief groove (91) and a power cord (92). The relief groove (91) is opened at the front end of the positioning sleeve (21), and the power cord (92) is electrically connected to the laser emitter (23) and passes through the relief groove (91).

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