Blasting vibration signal acquisition device and method and remote blasting equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a blasting vibration signal acquisition device which comprises a box body, a controller, a heat preservation assembly and a vibration monitoring host, the heat preservation assembly is arranged in the box body and used for adjusting the internal temperature of the box body, the heat preservation assembly comprises a temperature sensor and a heating element, and during use, the heat preservation assembly can provide constant-temperature protection for the interior of the box body; it is ensured that core electronic components in the vibration monitoring host can still work normally at severe cold and low temperature, the monitoring data accuracy and operation efficiency of blasting operation are improved under the extreme weather condition, the vibration monitoring host accurately transmits sensed vibration signals to the controller in real time, and the vibration monitoring host is controlled by the controller. The whole process of vibration signals from detonation to attenuation is ensured to be completely and accurately collected, so that the accuracy and the reliability of monitoring data are remarkably improved. The invention further relates to remote blasting equipment and a blasting vibration signal acquisition method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engineering blasting equipment technology, and in particular to a blasting vibration signal acquisition device, method and remote blasting equipment. Background Technology

[0002] High-altitude open-pit mines generally face complex natural conditions such as severe cold, low air pressure, and widespread permafrost. These environmental factors directly affect the stability and safety of blasting operations, while also placing higher demands on the structural reliability and signal acquisition accuracy of blasting monitoring equipment. Traditional blasting vibration acquisition systems often suffer from problems such as large measurement deviations, response delays, and unstable operation due to poor frost resistance, lack of compensation mechanisms, and limited communication methods. Especially in permafrost areas, seasonal changes in the strata cause significant foundation deformation, making it easy for sensor installation positions to become inaccurate, and making it difficult to obtain continuous and reliable monitoring results. At the same time, the working state of electronic devices is limited in low-temperature environments, and the ignition efficiency of explosives decreases, posing higher technical barriers to blasting control.

[0003] Therefore, improving the accuracy of monitoring data and operational efficiency in blasting operations under extreme weather conditions is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a blasting vibration signal acquisition device to improve the accuracy of monitoring data and operational efficiency of blasting operations under extreme weather conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A blasting vibration signal acquisition device includes a housing, a controller, an insulation component, and a vibration monitoring host, wherein: The heat insulation component is disposed inside the box and is used to regulate the internal temperature of the box; The insulation component includes a temperature sensor and a heating element, which are electrically connected to the controller. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the internal temperature of the enclosure. When the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is lower than a preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a heating state; When the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is higher than or equal to a preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a non-heating state; The vibration monitoring host is located inside the enclosure and is electrically connected to the controller. The vibration monitoring host is used to collect vibration signals, and the controller is used to receive the vibration signals.

[0006] Optionally, in the above-mentioned blasting vibration signal acquisition device, the heat insulation component further includes one or more heat insulation layers, the heat insulation layers are attached to the inner wall of the box, the heating element is a constant temperature heating plate, and the constant temperature heating plate is disposed on the side of the heat insulation layer away from the inner wall of the box. And / or, the material of the housing is a polymer composite material.

[0007] The blasting vibration signal acquisition device provided by this invention allows operators to move the housing, which integrates the vibration monitoring host, to a pre-set working position in a high-altitude open-pit mine, significantly improving operational efficiency and reducing labor intensity. The insulation component provides constant temperature protection for the interior of the housing, ensuring that the core electronic components within the vibration monitoring host can still function normally in extremely cold conditions. This fundamentally overcomes the problems of unstable operation, large measurement deviations, and even failures caused by the poor freeze resistance of traditional equipment. The vibration monitoring host accurately and in real-time transmits the sensed vibration signals to the controller, ensuring that the entire process of vibration signal acquisition, from initiation to decay, is completely and accurately collected, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data. Therefore, the blasting vibration signal acquisition device provided by this invention improves the accuracy of monitoring data and operational efficiency in blasting operations under extreme climatic conditions.

[0008] This application embodiment also provides a remote blasting device, including the blasting vibration signal acquisition device as described in any of the above claims, and further including a blasting host, a barrel assembly, a vibration sensor assembly, and a moving assembly, wherein: The blasting host is located inside the housing and is electrically connected to the controller; The barrel assembly is disposed on the blasting working face and connected to the blasting host. The barrel assembly is used for blasting, and the blasting host is used to control the detonation of the barrel assembly. The vibration sensor assembly is installed in a preset area of ​​the blasting face and connected to the vibration monitoring host of the blasting vibration signal acquisition device. The vibration sensor assembly is used to emit vibration signals, and the vibration monitoring host is used to acquire the vibration signals. The moving component includes wheels, which are mounted on the bottom of the housing.

[0009] Optionally, in the above-mentioned remote blasting equipment, the barrel assembly includes a barrel and a detonating wire, one end of the detonating wire is connected to the barrel, and the other end is connected to the blasting host, and the barrel is disposed inside the blast hole of the blasting working face. The blasting vibration signal acquisition device includes at least one set of the gun barrel assembly.

[0010] Optionally, in the above-mentioned remote blasting equipment, the vibration sensor assembly includes a single-axis accelerometer and an explosion-proof data transmission line. One end of the explosion-proof data transmission line is connected to the single-axis accelerometer, and the other end is connected to the vibration monitoring host. The single-axis accelerometer is set in the blasting area of ​​the blasting working face, and the vibration monitoring host is used to collect the vibration signal emitted by the single-axis accelerometer. The blasting vibration signal acquisition device includes at least one set of the vibration sensor components.

[0011] Optionally, in the above-mentioned remote blasting equipment, the blasting host is provided with a first correction component, which is electrically connected to the controller and is used to identify the tilt state of the blasting host and transmit a tilt signal to the controller. And / or, the vibration monitoring host is internally provided with a second correction component, which is electrically connected to the controller and is used to identify the tilt state of the vibration monitoring host and transmit a tilt signal to the controller.

[0012] Optionally, the above-mentioned remote blasting equipment also includes a leveling mechanism, which is electrically connected to the controller. The controller is used to control the leveling mechanism to adjust the horizontal attitude of the box body according to the tilt signal of the first correction member and / or the second correction member. The leveling mechanism includes multiple leveling feet, each leveling foot including a drive motor and a telescopic rod. The drive motor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is used to control the drive motor to drive the telescopic rod in an extended and retracted state. One end of the telescopic rod is connected to the bottom of the housing, and the other end abuts against the placement surface of the blasting vibration signal acquisition device.

[0013] Optionally, in the aforementioned remote blasting equipment, the moving component further includes a stopping mechanism. The stopping mechanism includes at least two rotatable and liftable parking screws. The housing is provided with at least two threaded parts, which are connected to the parking screws one by one. The first end of the parking screw is provided with a handwheel, which is used to adjust the relative position of the threaded part and the parking screw. The second end of the parking screw is provided with a foot pad, and the second end of the parking screw abuts against the placement surface of the blasting vibration signal acquisition device. The vertical displacement of the parking screw is greater than the diameter of the moving wheel.

[0014] The remote blasting equipment provided by this invention allows operators to quickly and effortlessly move the housing, which integrates the blasting host and vibration monitoring host, to a pre-set work position in a high-altitude open-pit mine using the wheels of the mobile component. This significantly improves work efficiency and reduces labor intensity. Upon arrival, the insulation component activates to provide constant temperature protection for the interior of the housing, ensuring that the core electronic components inside the blasting host and vibration monitoring host can still function normally in extremely cold conditions. The blasting barrel assembly is detonated under the control of the blasting host, realizing remote and automated blasting operations. Simultaneously, the vibration sensor assembly, located in a pre-set area of ​​the blasting face, is connected to the vibration monitoring host. The vibration sensor assembly transmits the detected ground vibration signals to the vibration monitoring host in real time, enabling the blasting and monitoring systems to work synchronously and collaboratively. Unified scheduling by the controller ensures that the entire process of vibration signal acquisition, from detonation to decay, is complete and accurate, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data.

[0015] This application also provides a method for acquiring blasting vibration signals, using a remote blasting device as described in any of the above embodiments, including: Step S1: Securely install the vibration monitoring unit inside the enclosure; Step S2: The insulation component adjusts the internal temperature of the box to a preset value; Step S3: The vibration monitoring host collects vibration signals, and the controller receives the vibration signals; Step S2 includes: a temperature sensor monitors the internal temperature of the enclosure and transmits the temperature value to the controller; when the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is lower than a preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a heating state; when the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is higher than or equal to the preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a non-heating state.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-mentioned method for acquiring blasting vibration signals, step S1 further includes: fixing the blasting host inside the housing; Between step S1 and step S2, there is also step S4: moving the blasting vibration signal acquisition device to a preset position using a moving wheel; The steps between step S2 and step S3 include steps S5, S6, S7, and S8, wherein: Step S5: Design blast holes in the blasting face and place the blast tube in the blast tube assembly inside the blast holes. Design installation points in the blasting area of ​​the blasting face and place the single-axis acceleration sensor in the vibration sensor assembly at the installation points. Step S6: The controller debugs the vibration monitoring host, performs sensor sensitivity, sampling frequency, three-dimensional coordinate input and knocking tests on the vibration monitoring host. If the set accuracy does not meet the requirements, it will return to step S5 to redesign the installation point. Step S7: The controller debugs the blasting host, and adjusts the settings of the blasting host such as the amount of explosive, the detonation time and the cycle. If the setting accuracy does not meet the requirements, it will return to step S5 to redesign the blast hole. Step S8: The controller starts the blasting host to detonate the blasting barrel on site, and the single-axis acceleration sensor sends a vibration signal to the vibration monitoring host.

[0017] The blasting vibration signal acquisition method provided by the present invention applies the remote blasting equipment as described in any of the above embodiments and adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments. Therefore, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, incorporated in and forming part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example through the corresponding pictures in the accompanying drawings. These exemplary descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute a limitation on scale.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the remote blasting device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the box provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Barrel; 2. Single-axis accelerometer; 3. Blasting host; 4. Vibration monitoring host; 5. Housing; 6. Detonation wire; 7. Explosion-proof data transmission line; 8. Blasting working face; 9. Handrail; 10. Moving wheel; 11. Wheel brake; 12. Insulation component. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific examples of processes and materials are provided in this application; however, those skilled in the art will recognize the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0023] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relative position or movement of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "front," "back," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a positional flip, orientation change, or change of motion, these directional indications will change accordingly. For instance, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0024] See Figure 2This application provides a blasting vibration signal acquisition device, including a housing 5, a controller, a thermal insulation component 12, and a vibration monitoring host 4. The thermal insulation component 12 is disposed inside the housing 5 and is used to regulate the internal temperature of the housing 5. The thermal insulation component 12 includes a temperature sensor and a heating element. The heating element and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the controller. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the internal temperature of the housing 5. When the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is lower than a preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a heating state. When the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is higher than or equal to the preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a non-heating state. The vibration monitoring host 4 is disposed inside the housing 5 and is electrically connected to the controller. The vibration monitoring host 4 is used to acquire vibration signals, and the controller is used to receive vibration signals.

[0025] Specifically, when the blasting vibration signal acquisition device is deployed in a low-temperature environment, the enclosure 5 physically isolates it from external wind, snow, and most of the cold air. The temperature sensor in the insulation component 12 continuously monitors the internal temperature of the enclosure 5 and feeds this data back to the controller in real time. The controller, acting as a microcomputer, has a preset temperature threshold (e.g., 0℃ or 5℃). When the received temperature data falls below this preset value, the controller immediately sends a command to the heating element to activate heating. The heat generated by the heating element is confined inside the enclosure 5, creating a warm microenvironment. The vibration monitoring host 4 (and the blasting host 3 described below), located in this environment, can then start and operate at normal temperatures, accurately acquiring vibration signals from the outside. These acquired vibration signals are then transmitted back to the controller for recording or further processing. When the temperature sensor detects that the internal temperature has reached or exceeded the preset value, the controller will command the heating element to stop working. This cycle repeats to achieve automatic constant temperature control, completely solving the fundamental problem of electronic equipment failing to start or malfunctioning due to low temperatures. This ensures the continuity and reliability of monitoring tasks under extreme cold conditions. The vibration monitoring host 4 operates in a constant temperature environment, and the performance parameters of its internal circuits, crystal oscillator, and ADC (analog-to-digital converter) are stable, avoiding signal attenuation, distortion, or reference voltage changes caused by temperature drift. This makes the amplitude and frequency information of the acquired vibration signal more realistic and accurate.

[0026] The blasting vibration signal acquisition device provided by this invention allows operators to move the housing 5, which integrates the vibration monitoring host 4, to a pre-set working position in a high-altitude open-pit mine, greatly improving work efficiency and reducing labor intensity. The insulation component 12 provides constant temperature protection for the interior of the housing 5, ensuring that the core electronic components inside the vibration monitoring host 4 can still function normally in extremely cold conditions. This fundamentally overcomes the problems of unstable operation, large measurement deviations, and even failures caused by the poor freeze resistance of traditional equipment. The vibration monitoring host 4 accurately and in real-time transmits the sensed vibration signals to the controller, ensuring that the entire process of the vibration signal from detonation to decay is completely and accurately acquired, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data. Therefore, the blasting vibration signal acquisition device provided by this invention improves the accuracy of monitoring data and work efficiency in blasting operations under extreme climatic conditions.

[0027] There are various forms of heating elements, and operators can select different heating elements according to their needs, such as heat lamps, heating plates, etc. In this application, the preferred heating element is a constant temperature heating plate, and the constant temperature heating plate is set on the inner wall of the insulation layer away from the box 5, so as to uniformly heat the internal space of the box 5.

[0028] Single active heating consumes a lot of energy at extreme low temperatures. In order to optimize the above technical solution, the insulation component 12 also includes one or more insulation layers. The insulation layer is attached to the inner wall of the box 5. The insulation layer can be used to passively insulate the box 5, slow down the rate of heat exchange between the inside and outside of the box, thereby greatly reducing heat loss. This allows the heating element to maintain the internal temperature of the box 5 with a shorter working time and lower power, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the insulation component 12 and improving the insulation efficiency.

[0029] The preferred material for the housing 5 in this application is a polymer composite material (such as PP (polypropylene) or ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) engineering plastic). On the one hand, its low thermal conductivity helps to maintain heat preservation, and on the other hand, its good mechanical strength and low-temperature toughness can ensure the durability and service life of the blasting vibration signal acquisition device in cold and bumpy environments.

[0030] Furthermore, the operator can set an automatic temperature control circuit to control the heating element. The controller can be set to automatically activate the constant temperature protection when the ambient temperature is below -10℃, that is, to turn on the heating element and put it in the heating state. The preset value of the internal temperature of the above-mentioned box 5 can be a fixed value or a range of values. When the preset value is a temperature range, this application prefers that it automatically maintains the temperature within the set range of -5℃ to 25℃.

[0031] See Figure 1This application embodiment also provides a remote blasting device, including a blasting vibration signal acquisition device as described above, and further including a blasting host 3, a barrel assembly, a vibration sensor assembly, and a moving assembly. The blasting host 3 is disposed inside the housing 5 and electrically connected to a controller. The barrel assembly is disposed on the blasting working face 8 and connected to the blasting host 3. The barrel assembly is used for blasting, and the blasting host 3 is used to control the detonation of the barrel assembly. The vibration sensor assembly is disposed in a preset area of ​​the blasting working face 8 and connected to the vibration monitoring host 4 of the blasting vibration signal acquisition device. The vibration sensor assembly is used to emit vibration signals, and the vibration monitoring host 4 is used to acquire vibration signals. The moving assembly includes moving wheels 10, which are installed at the bottom of the housing 5.

[0032] Specifically, the aforementioned blasting vibration signal acquisition device can be used in various blasting scenarios. When applied to remote blasting scenarios, it can be combined with the blasting host 3, the barrel assembly, the vibration sensor assembly, and the moving assembly to form a remote blasting device. This device can be applied to extremely cold blasting conditions.

[0033] Specifically, the blasting host 3 has an explosion-proof shell to protect the internal electronic components. Operators can select the blasting host 3 with functions such as explosive quantity adjustment, detonation time, detonation cycle and detonation control according to their needs.

[0034] Furthermore, a handrail 9 may be provided on the housing 5 to facilitate the movement of the housing 5. The blasting host 3 and the vibration monitoring host 4 can be fixed inside the housing 5 through slots.

[0035] The remote blasting equipment provided by this invention allows operators to quickly and effortlessly move the housing 5, which integrates the blasting host 3 and the vibration monitoring host 4, to a preset working position in a high-altitude open-pit mine using the moving wheels 10 of the mobile component. This greatly improves work efficiency and reduces labor intensity. Upon arrival at the position, the insulation component 12 is activated to provide constant temperature protection for the interior of the housing 5, ensuring that the core electronic components inside the blasting host 3 and the vibration monitoring host 4 can still function normally in extremely cold temperatures. The blasting barrel assembly is detonated under the control of the blasting host 3, realizing remote and automated blasting operations. Simultaneously, the vibration sensor component, arranged in a preset area of ​​the blasting working face 8, is connected to the vibration monitoring host 4. The vibration sensor component transmits the sensed ground vibration signals to the vibration monitoring host 4 in real time, enabling the blasting and monitoring systems to work synchronously and collaboratively. The controller performs unified scheduling, ensuring that the vibration signal is completely and accurately collected from the detonation to the decay process, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data.

[0036] It should be noted that, once preparations are complete, before executing the blasting command, the operator can notify the controller via remote command (or wired connection). The controller should first ensure that the insulation component 12 is functioning properly, and then instruct the blasting host 3 and vibration monitoring host 4 to execute the blasting command. Specifically, the blasting host 3 is instructed to execute the detonation procedure, while the vibration monitoring host 4 is simultaneously instructed to enter high-speed acquisition mode. The vibration waves generated by the blast are sensed by the vibration sensor components and converted into electrical signals, which are transmitted back to the vibration monitoring host 4 in real time for recording and analysis. Because blasting control and vibration acquisition are coordinated by the same controller, it ensures that the starting point of vibration recording is synchronized with the blasting initiation time, providing a precise time reference for subsequent vibration waveform analysis and vibration propagation law research, thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring data and operational efficiency in blasting operations.

[0037] To optimize the above technical solution, the barrel assembly includes a barrel 1 and a detonating wire 6. One end of the detonating wire 6 is connected to the barrel 1, and the other end is connected to the blasting host 3. The barrel 1 is set inside the borehole of the blasting working face 8. The blasting vibration signal acquisition device includes at least one set of barrel assemblies.

[0038] Specifically, the barrel 1 is placed in the drilled borehole and properly sealed. One end of the detonating wire 6 is securely connected to the barrel 1, and the other end is remotely pulled to the housing 5 and connected to the output port of the blasting host 3. After receiving the detonation command from the controller, the blasting host 3 outputs a high-energy pulse electrical signal to the detonating wire 6. This signal is transmitted to the barrel 1 through the detonating wire 6, triggering the barrel 1 to detonate the explosive, thus completing the blast. Multiple barrel assemblies can be connected in parallel or in series and controlled by the same blasting host 3 to achieve simultaneous detonation of multiple boreholes or micro-delay blasting.

[0039] Specifically, the diameter and length of the barrel 1 can be set according to the needs of the site. In this application, the outer diameter is preferably 40~50mm and the length is 2~6m.

[0040] Specifically, the detonator 6 is a double-strand copper core wire for digital tubes.

[0041] To optimize the above technical solution, the vibration sensor assembly includes a single-axis accelerometer 2 and an explosion-proof data transmission line 7. One end of the explosion-proof data transmission line 7 is connected to the single-axis accelerometer 2, and the other end is connected to the vibration monitoring host 4. The single-axis accelerometer 2 is set in the blasting area of ​​the blasting working face 8. The vibration monitoring host 4 is used to collect the vibration signal emitted by the single-axis accelerometer 2. The blasting vibration signal acquisition device includes at least one set of vibration sensor assemblies.

[0042] Specifically, the single-axis accelerometer 2 is securely installed in the pre-designed monitoring point holes (i.e., the installation points below), ensuring that its sensitive axis direction is consistent with the direction of the vibration to be measured. One end of the explosion-proof data transmission line 7 is connected to the single-axis accelerometer 2, and the other end is remotely laid to the housing 5 and connected to the input port of the vibration monitoring host 4. When the blasting vibration is transmitted, the weak voltage signal (i.e., the vibration signal below) generated by the single-axis accelerometer 2 is transmitted through the shielded core wire of the explosion-proof data transmission line 7. The shielding layer can effectively resist interference such as strong electromagnetic radiation generated at the moment of blasting. After the vibration signal reaches the vibration monitoring host 4, it is sampled and digitized after pre-amplification and anti-aliasing filtering, and then recorded. The dedicated explosion-proof data transmission line 7 ensures the accuracy of signal transmission throughout the entire link from the single-axis accelerometer 2 to the vibration monitoring host 4, laying the foundation for subsequent accurate time-frequency analysis. Multiple sets of vibration sensor components enable the remote blasting equipment to have the ability to monitor multiple points simultaneously, thereby analyzing the vibration propagation law, assessing the impact of blasting on different preset areas, and improving the accuracy of monitoring data and operational efficiency of blasting operations.

[0043] Specifically, this application preferably uses a single-axis accelerometer 2 with a frequency acquisition range of 50~5000Hz, an outer diameter of 25~40mm, and a length of 100~200mm.

[0044] Specifically, the explosion-proof data transmission line 7 is equipped with an explosion-proof layer and has a three-core structure.

[0045] In frozen soil or uneven terrain, the vibration signal acquisition direction of the housing 5 may not match the preset direction due to its own tilt, which can easily lead to measurement errors. In order to optimize the above technical solution, the blasting host 3 is equipped with a first correction component, which is electrically connected to the controller and is used to identify the tilt state of the blasting host 3 and transmit the tilt signal to the controller. And / or, the vibration monitoring host 4 is equipped with a second correction component, which is electrically connected to the controller and is used to identify the tilt state of the vibration monitoring host 4 and transmit the tilt signal to the controller.

[0046] Specifically, the first and second calibration components can be six-axis gyroscope sensors, i.e., a three-axis accelerometer + a three-axis gyroscope, which can monitor the spatial attitude of the blasting host 3 and the vibration monitoring host 4 in real time.

[0047] In operation, the first and second calibration components work continuously, measuring the acceleration and angular velocity of their respective main units (blasting host 3 and vibration monitoring host 4) in three axes. This yields real-time pitch, roll, and yaw angle data of the blasting host 3 and vibration monitoring host 4 relative to a horizontal plane or a preset reference. These data, acting as "tilt signals," are continuously sent to the controller, which compares them to a preset "horizontal" attitude. If the tilt angle exceeds the allowable tolerance range, the controller determines that the equipment is in a non-ideal operating state.

[0048] This arrangement allows for precise detection of tilt caused by improper equipment placement or ground subsidence, thus identifying directional deviations in the collected vibration data. If the controller determines that the blasting host 3 and / or the vibration monitoring host 4 are tilted, the operator can manually adjust the housing 5 to a "level" position, ensuring the accuracy of the vibration signal measurement data. Furthermore, without manual leveling, the operator can perform vector decomposition and coordinate transformation on the collected vibration data based on the tilt signal, correcting directional errors during the controller's data processing stage to obtain more accurate vibration information. The installation of a first and second correction element on the blasting host 3 and the vibration monitoring host 4 respectively ensures that both are in a "level" position and that even if one host malfunctions, the tilt signal from the other host remains usable, thereby increasing the reliability of the remote blasting equipment.

[0049] If the operator chooses to adjust the housing 5 manually, it is time-consuming and laborious. To optimize the above technical solution, the remote blasting equipment also includes a leveling mechanism. The leveling mechanism is electrically connected to the controller. The controller is used to control the leveling mechanism to adjust the horizontal attitude of the housing 5 according to the tilt signal of the first and / or second correction components. The leveling mechanism includes multiple leveling feet, each of which includes a drive motor and a telescopic rod. The drive motor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is used to control the drive motor to drive the telescopic rod in the extension and retraction state. One end of the telescopic rod is connected to the bottom of the housing 5, and the other end abuts against the placement surface of the blasting vibration signal acquisition device.

[0050] In operation, after the controller calculates the required angle and direction of adjustment based on the tilt signals from the first and / or second alignment members, it sends a command to the leveling mechanism. The controller then calculates the required extension / retraction amount for each leveling leg. Subsequently, the drive motor (stepper motor or servo motor) receives the command and begins to rotate, driving the telescopic rod to precisely extend or retract via an internal lead screw or gear structure. For example, if the housing 5 tilts to the left, the right leveling leg extends, or the left leveling leg retracts, or both, until the tilt signals from all alignment members (the first and / or second alignment members) indicate that the housing 5 is now level. Once the leveling process is complete, the remote blasting equipment can begin blasting and monitoring operations.

[0051] The above-mentioned leveling process requires no manual intervention and can automatically, quickly, and accurately adjust the housing 5 to a horizontal state, greatly saving manpower and time. It is especially suitable for occasions with frequent movement and uneven ground. By using the above-mentioned leveling mechanism, the measurement coordinate system of the vibration monitoring host 4 is aligned with the geodetic coordinate system, which ensures that the data collected by the single-axis acceleration sensor 2 is accurate in direction. It eliminates measurement errors caused by installation tilt, improves the accuracy of monitoring data and work efficiency of blasting operations, and enables the remote blasting equipment to quickly establish a horizontal and stable working platform even on uneven mine roads, significantly expanding the applicable scope and application conditions of the remote blasting equipment.

[0052] To ensure that the remote blasting equipment can be parked on slopes or soft ground (to prevent the housing 5 from sliding or settling), the moving component also includes a stopping mechanism. The stopping mechanism includes at least two rotatable and liftable parking screws. The housing 5 is provided with at least two threaded parts, which are connected to the parking screws one by one. The first end of the parking screw is provided with a handwheel, which is used to adjust the relative position of the threaded part and the parking screw. The second end of the parking screw is provided with a foot pad, and the second end of the parking screw abuts against the placement surface of the blasting vibration signal acquisition device. The vertical displacement of the parking screw is greater than the diameter of the moving wheel 10.

[0053] Specifically, the movable wheel 10 can be a wheel body with a wheel brake 11, which can serve as a basic braking structure. On this basis, in order to improve the stability of parking, the above-mentioned stopping mechanism can be added. When the equipment is applied to a relatively flat area, the wheel brake 11 can be used for braking. When the equipment is applied to uneven ground, requires long-term monitoring, or is used for precision blasting, the above-mentioned stopping mechanism can be used for parking.

[0054] When using the stopping mechanism, after the remote blasting equipment is moved to the predetermined position via the moving wheels 10, it is initially secured using ordinary wheel brakes 11. The operator then rotates the handwheel at the first end of the parking screw. Because the parking screw engages with the threaded part (i.e., the fixed internal thread) on the housing 5, rotating the handwheel causes the parking screw to screw downwards. The foot pad at the second end of the parking screw then contacts the ground and continues to apply downward pressure, ultimately lifting one end of the entire housing 5, causing the moving wheels 10 to completely leave the ground. After operating all the parking screws in sequence, the weight of the entire equipment is borne by these rigid parking screws, forming a firm contact with the ground. Due to the self-locking property of the screw pair, the parking screw will not retract without rotating the handwheel in the opposite direction, thus achieving absolutely reliable parking.

[0055] This arrangement provides a stable benchmark platform for vibration monitoring of remote blasting equipment, making it particularly suitable for long-term, high-precision monitoring tasks, and further improving the accuracy of monitoring data and operational efficiency in blasting operations.

[0056] This application embodiment also provides a method for acquiring blasting vibration signals, using a remote blasting device as described above, including: Step S1: fixing the vibration monitoring host 4 inside the housing 5; Step S2: adjusting the internal temperature of the housing 5 by the insulation component 12 to a preset value; Step S3: acquiring vibration signals by the vibration monitoring host 4 and receiving the vibration signals by the controller; wherein, Step S2 includes: a temperature sensor monitoring the internal temperature of the housing 5 and transmitting the temperature value to the controller; when the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is lower than the preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a heating state; when the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is higher than or equal to the preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a non-heating state.

[0057] In step S2, the temperature sensor begins monitoring the temperature inside chamber 5 and reports it to the controller. The controller compares the real-time data with preset values, decides on and controls the start and stop of the heating element, and stabilizes the temperature inside chamber 5 within the preset range through a negative feedback closed loop. Only after ensuring that the vibration monitoring host 4 is at its normal operating temperature (step S2 completed) does it proceed to step S3, which executes the core vibration signal acquisition and reception function to ensure the accuracy of monitoring data and operational efficiency of blasting operations under extreme weather conditions.

[0058] To optimize the above technical solution, step S1 further includes: fixing the blasting host 3 inside the housing 5; between step S1 and step S2, step S4 is also included: moving the blasting vibration signal acquisition device to a preset position using the moving wheels 10; between step S2 and step S3, steps S5, S6, S7, and S8 are also included, wherein: step S5: designing blast holes in the blasting working face 8, and placing the blasting tube 1 in the blasting tube assembly inside the blast holes; designing installation points in the blasting area of ​​the blasting working face 8, and placing the single-axis acceleration sensor 2 in the vibration sensor assembly at the installation points; step Step S6: The controller debugs the vibration monitoring host 4, and performs sensor sensitivity, sampling frequency, three-dimensional coordinate input, and impact tests on the vibration monitoring host 4. If the setting accuracy does not meet the requirements, it will return to step S5 to redesign the installation point; Step S7: The controller debugs the blasting host 3, and debugs the settings of explosive quantity, detonation time, and cycle of the blasting host 3. If the setting accuracy does not meet the requirements, it will return to step S5 to redesign the blast hole; Step S8: The controller starts the blasting host 3 to detonate the blasting tube 1 on site, and the single-axis acceleration sensor 2 sends a vibration signal to the vibration monitoring host 4.

[0059] The above steps ensure that the monitoring system (vibration sensor assembly, vibration monitoring host 4, controller) and the blasting scheme (barrel assembly, blasting host 3, controller) are in optimal condition before the formal detonation. Finally, in steps S8 and S3, the detonation is performed and vibration signals are collected synchronously, thereby obtaining high-quality and valuable field data.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, the spacing between the blast holes is not less than 1m, there are not less than 10 blast barrels 1, the distance between the single-axis acceleration sensor 2 and the blasting working face 8 is not less than 10m, and the number of single-axis acceleration sensors 2 is 3 to 4.

[0061] The blasting vibration signal acquisition method provided by the present invention is applied to any of the above-mentioned remote blasting equipment and adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments. Therefore, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0062] It should be noted that the blasting vibration signal acquisition device, method, and remote blasting equipment provided by this invention can be used in the field of engineering blasting equipment technology or other fields. Other fields refer to any field other than the field of engineering blasting equipment technology. The above are merely examples and do not limit the application areas of the blasting vibration signal acquisition device, method, and remote blasting equipment provided by this invention.

[0063] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0064] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0065] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A device for acquiring blasting vibration signals, characterized in that, Includes the enclosure, controller, insulation components, and vibration monitoring unit, among which: The heat insulation component is disposed inside the box and is used to regulate the internal temperature of the box; The insulation component includes a temperature sensor and a heating element, which are electrically connected to the controller. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the internal temperature of the enclosure. When the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is lower than a preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a heating state; When the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is higher than or equal to a preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a non-heating state; The vibration monitoring host is located inside the enclosure and is electrically connected to the controller. The vibration monitoring host is used to collect vibration signals, and the controller is used to receive the vibration signals.

2. The blasting vibration signal acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation component further includes one or more heat insulation layers, which are attached to the inner wall of the box. The heating element is a constant temperature heating element, which is located on the side of the heat insulation layer away from the inner wall of the box. And / or, the material of the housing is a polymer composite material.

3. A remote blasting device, characterized in that, The device includes the blasting vibration signal acquisition device as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, and further includes a blasting main unit, a barrel assembly, a vibration sensor assembly, and a moving assembly, wherein: The blasting host is located inside the housing and is electrically connected to the controller; The barrel assembly is disposed on the blasting working face and connected to the blasting host. The barrel assembly is used for blasting, and the blasting host is used to control the detonation of the barrel assembly. The vibration sensor assembly is installed in a preset area of ​​the blasting face and connected to the vibration monitoring host of the blasting vibration signal acquisition device. The vibration sensor assembly is used to emit vibration signals, and the vibration monitoring host is used to acquire the vibration signals. The moving component includes wheels, which are mounted on the bottom of the housing.

4. The remote blasting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The barrel assembly includes a barrel and a detonating wire. One end of the detonating wire is connected to the barrel, and the other end is connected to the blasting host. The barrel is disposed inside the borehole of the blasting working face. The blasting vibration signal acquisition device includes at least one set of the gun barrel assembly.

5. The remote blasting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vibration sensor assembly includes a single-axis accelerometer and an explosion-proof data transmission line. One end of the explosion-proof data transmission line is connected to the single-axis accelerometer, and the other end is connected to the vibration monitoring host. The single-axis accelerometer is installed in the blasting area of ​​the blasting face, and the vibration monitoring host is used to collect the vibration signal emitted by the single-axis accelerometer. The blasting vibration signal acquisition device includes at least one set of the vibration sensor components.

6. The remote blasting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The blasting host is equipped with a first correction component, which is electrically connected to the controller and is used to identify the tilt state of the blasting host and transmit a tilt signal to the controller. And / or, the vibration monitoring host is internally provided with a second correction component, which is electrically connected to the controller and is used to identify the tilt state of the vibration monitoring host and transmit a tilt signal to the controller.

7. The remote blasting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a leveling mechanism, which is electrically connected to the controller. The controller is used to control the leveling mechanism to adjust the horizontal attitude of the box body according to the tilt signal of the first corrector and / or the second corrector. The leveling mechanism includes multiple leveling feet, each leveling foot including a drive motor and a telescopic rod. The drive motor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is used to control the drive motor to drive the telescopic rod in an extended and retracted state. One end of the telescopic rod is connected to the bottom of the housing, and the other end abuts against the placement surface of the blasting vibration signal acquisition device.

8. The remote blasting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The moving component also includes a stopping mechanism, which includes at least two rotatable and liftable parking screws. The housing is provided with at least two screwed parts, which are connected to the parking screws one by one. The first end of the parking screw is provided with a handwheel, which is used to adjust the relative position of the screwed part and the parking screw. The second end of the parking screw is provided with a foot pad, and the second end of the parking screw abuts against the placement surface of the blasting vibration signal acquisition device. The vertical displacement of the parking screw is greater than the diameter of the moving wheel.

9. A method for acquiring blasting vibration signals, characterized in that, The application of the remote blasting device as described in any one of claims 3 to 8 includes: Step S1: Securely install the vibration monitoring unit inside the enclosure; Step S2: The insulation component adjusts the internal temperature of the box to a preset value; Step S3: The vibration monitoring host collects vibration signals, and the controller receives the vibration signals; Step S2 includes: a temperature sensor monitors the internal temperature of the enclosure and transmits the temperature value to the controller; when the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is lower than a preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a heating state; when the temperature value sent by the temperature sensor to the controller is higher than or equal to the preset value, the controller controls the heating element to be in a non-heating state.

10. The method for acquiring blasting vibration signals according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step S1 further includes: fixing the blasting host inside the housing; Between step S1 and step S2, there is also step S4: moving the blasting vibration signal acquisition device to a preset position using a moving wheel; The steps between step S2 and step S3 include steps S5, S6, S7, and S8, wherein: Step S5: Design blast holes in the blasting face and place the blast tube in the blast tube assembly inside the blast holes. Design installation points in the blasting area of ​​the blasting face and place the single-axis acceleration sensor in the vibration sensor assembly at the installation points. Step S6: The controller debugs the vibration monitoring host, performs sensor sensitivity, sampling frequency, three-dimensional coordinate input and knocking tests on the vibration monitoring host. If the set accuracy does not meet the requirements, it will return to step S5 to redesign the installation point. Step S7: The controller debugs the blasting host, and adjusts the settings of the blasting host such as the amount of explosive, the detonation time and the cycle. If the setting accuracy does not meet the requirements, it will return to step S5 to redesign the blast hole. Step S8: The controller starts the blasting host to detonate the blasting barrel on site, and the single-axis acceleration sensor sends a vibration signal to the vibration monitoring host.

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