Experimental device for simulating surface dirt accumulation and detection of intelligent coal caving camera

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental device for simulating surface dirt accumulation and detection of an intelligent coal caving camera, and relates to the technical field of coal mine engineering, the experimental device comprises an air duct model group, a dust generator, an air draft mechanism, a power supply, a controller, a sensor assembly, a haze meter and a plurality of camera type dust collectors; the air duct model group with the transparent side wall is provided with a simulation air duct for simulating a coal caving space at the rear part of an underground fully mechanized caving face; the air draft opening of the air draft mechanism is connected with the outlet of the simulation air duct and has adjustable power; the sensor assembly comprises a wind speed sensor and at least one concentration sensor; the camera type dust collectors are respectively arranged at different positions of a dust flowing path; the haze meter is used for detecting the haze of each simulation lens for at least three times, the controller is in communication connection with the dust generator, the air draft mechanism, each sensor and the haze meter, and the power supply is used for powering on each component. The system can simulate the coal dust attachment characteristics on the surface of the camera, provides support for the research of reducing the dust attachment of the camera, and improves the precision of a visual system of an underground intelligent coal caving machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine engineering technology, and in particular to an experimental device for simulating and detecting surface contamination in intelligent coal feeding cameras. Background Technology

[0002] Intelligent coal mining is a crucial technological direction for ensuring energy security. The intelligent construction of fully mechanized longwall mining faces heavily relies on sensing systems such as machine vision and sensors. These systems are core to achieving precise mining by coal mining machines and automatic follow-up of hydraulic supports. However, the operation of fully mechanized longwall mining faces generates a large amount of fine coal dust, which forms a gas-solid two-phase flow under the action of mine ventilation airflow. The coal dust continuously adheres to the surface of the camera's optical lens, leading to image quality degradation, reduced system recognition rate, and even interruption of automated production, becoming a technical bottleneck restricting the intelligent operation of the longwall face.

[0003] Currently, although some protective measures are in place, a systematic and quantitative experimental analysis of the key influencing factors of coal dust deposition on the lens surface is lacking. Changes in wind speed at the mine face affect the migration trajectory and settling characteristics of coal dust. Different camera installation locations result in variations in the surrounding airflow field and dust concentration field, leading to different levels of contamination and deposition morphologies. Therefore, an experimental device is urgently needed to simulate surface contamination and detection in intelligent coal mining cameras, clarify the influence of wind speed and installation location on coal dust deposition on the camera surface, and provide a theoretical basis for developing protective technologies for intelligent sensing systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental device for simulating and detecting surface contamination on intelligent coal feeding cameras, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, realize the simulation of coal dust adhesion characteristics on the camera surface, provide technical support for research on reducing dust adhesion on cameras, and improve the accuracy of underground intelligent coal feeding machine vision systems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides an experimental apparatus for simulating surface contamination and detection in intelligent coal mining cameras, comprising a series of air duct models, a dust generator, an exhaust mechanism, a power supply, a controller, a sensor assembly, a haze meter, and multiple camera-type dust collectors. The air duct model group includes a simulated air duct for simulating the coal discharge space at the rear of an underground fully mechanized coal mining face, and the simulated air duct has transparent sidewalls. The output port of the dust generator is connected to the inlet of the simulated air duct. The dust generator provides dust particles. The exhaust port of the exhaust mechanism is connected to the outlet of the simulated air duct, and the power of the exhaust mechanism is adjustable. The sensor assembly includes at least one sensor located within the simulated air duct. The device includes a wind speed sensor and at least one concentration sensor; the camera-type dust collector has a transparent simulated lens located within the simulated air duct; each camera-type dust collector is positioned at a different location along the dust flow path within the simulated air duct; a haze meter is used to perform at least three haze measurements on each simulated lens; the controller is communicatively connected to the dust generator, the exhaust mechanism, the wind speed sensor, the concentration sensor, and the haze meter; and the power supply is electrically connected to the controller, the dust generator, the exhaust mechanism, the wind speed sensor, the concentration sensor, and the haze meter.

[0006] Preferably, the air duct model group includes multiple transparent air duct units; each air duct unit is connected end to end in a straight line; and the internal space of each air duct unit together forms the simulated air duct.

[0007] Preferably, each of the camera-type dust collectors is installed on a different air duct unit.

[0008] Preferably, a concentration sensor is provided on the side wall of each air duct unit with the camera-type dust collector.

[0009] Preferably, a high-speed camera is provided at the position corresponding to each of the camera-type dust collectors. The high-speed camera is located outside the simulated air duct, and the lens of the high-speed camera is aimed at the simulated lens.

[0010] Preferably, a supplementary light is provided at the position of each of the high-speed cameras, and the supplementary light is used to provide illumination for the high-speed cameras.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a serial port recorder, which is communicatively connected to the wind speed sensor, the concentration sensor and the controller, and is powered on by the power supply.

[0012] Preferably, the exhaust mechanism is a power-adjustable exhaust fan, the exhaust port of the exhaust fan is connected to the outlet of the simulated air duct, and the exhaust port of the exhaust fan is connected to the dust collection box.

[0013] Preferably, the exhaust port of the exhaust fan is connected to the outlet of the simulated air duct via an adapter.

[0014] Preferably, the simulated lens is a planar circular thin plate-shaped lens; the camera-type dust collector includes a lens barrel and a retaining ring, a limiting ring surface is provided at one end of the lens barrel, the outer diameter of the simulated lens is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring surface, and the outer diameter of the simulated lens is smaller than the inner diameter of the lens barrel; the lens barrel has an internal thread, and the retaining ring has an external thread that can be threadedly connected to the internal thread.

[0015] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: The experimental device for simulating surface contamination and detection of intelligent coal-fired cameras provided by this invention replicates the airflow channel of the coal-fired space at the rear of the underground fully mechanized coal-fired face through a simulated airflow model group. The transparent sidewalls facilitate observation of dust movement. A dust generator quantitatively releases dust particles into the simulated airflow channel, while an adjustable-power exhaust mechanism precisely controls the wind speed within the channel. The combination of these two elements reproduces the gas-solid two-phase flow environment of coal dust under different wind speeds in the mine, restoring the actual dust and airflow coupling scenario underground. Simulated lenses of multiple camera-type dust collectors are arranged at different positions along the dust flow path within the simulated airflow channel, directly simulating the working state of the cameras at different installation points underground, achieving accurate simulation of the coal dust adhesion characteristics on the camera surface at different locations. Wind speed and concentration sensors within the simulated airflow channel can monitor in real time... By measuring wind speed and dust concentration data, the controller uniformly regulates these data, along with the operating parameters of the dust generator and exhaust mechanism, ensuring precise control of experimental variables. Meanwhile, the haze meter performs at least three haze measurements on each simulated lens, quantitatively reflecting the degree of coal dust pollution at different wind speeds and locations, providing reliable quantitative data for analyzing coal dust deposition patterns. This device not only clarifies the impact of wind speed and installation location on coal dust deposition on camera surfaces but also provides direct experimental data support for research on protective technologies to reduce dust adhesion to cameras. Furthermore, it provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the installation layout of underground cameras and developing self-cleaning technologies for intelligent sensing systems, ultimately effectively improving the coal dust pollution problem of camera lenses and enhancing the image acquisition accuracy and system recognition stability of underground vision machines. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the experimental device for simulating surface contamination and detection of an intelligent coal-fired camera provided by the present invention. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the location of the coal discharge space at the rear of the fully mechanized coal discharge face corresponding to the experimental device for simulating surface contamination and detection of intelligent coal discharge cameras provided by the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the camera-type dust collector in the experimental device for simulating surface contamination and detection of a smart coal-fired camera provided by the present invention. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the air duct unit in the experimental device for simulating surface contamination and detection of an intelligent coal feeding camera provided by the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air duct unit with mounting holes for a camera-type dust collector in the experimental device for simulating surface contamination and detection of a coal feeding camera provided by the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1-Dust generator; 2-Concentration sensor; 3-Wind speed sensor; 4-Camera-type dust collector; 5-Adapter; 6-Exhaust fan; 7-Dust duct model group; 8-Serial port recorder; 9-Experimental platform; 10-Power supply; 11-Dust duct connection device. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental device for simulating and detecting surface contamination in intelligent coal feeding cameras, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, realize the simulation of coal dust adhesion characteristics on the camera surface, provide technical support for research on reducing dust adhesion in cameras, and improve the accuracy of underground intelligent coal feeding machine vision systems.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 This embodiment provides an experimental device for simulating and detecting surface contamination in an intelligent coal-fired camera, such as... Figures 1-5 As shown, the system includes a ventilation duct model group 7, a dust generator 1, an exhaust mechanism, a power supply 10, a controller, sensor components, a haze meter, and multiple camera-type dust collectors 4. The ventilation duct model group 7 has a simulated ventilation duct for simulating the coal discharge space at the rear of the underground fully mechanized longwall face (this area is the main location where dust accumulates on the camera surface). (Other equipment identical to those in the actual scene is also set up in the simulated ventilation duct, including but not limited to scraper conveyors, etc., to make the simulated environment more realistic and closely resemble reality; and the simulated ventilation duct is as close as possible to the actual underground fully mechanized longwall face.) The rear coal discharge space has an internal shape, and the simulated air duct has transparent sidewalls; the output port of dust generator 1 is connected to the inlet of the simulated air duct (the inlet of the simulated air duct is connected to the particle generator, i.e., dust generator 1, via a plastic hose and adapter); dust generator 1 is used to provide dust particles; the exhaust port of the exhaust mechanism is connected to the outlet of the simulated air duct, and the power of the exhaust mechanism is adjustable (used to extract the dust-laden air from the simulated air duct, and the operating power can be adjusted during the experiment); the sensor assembly includes at least one wind speed sensor installed in the simulated air duct. Sensor 3 (for easy wind speed adjustment) and at least one concentration sensor 2 (the specific number and location of wind speed sensor 3 and concentration sensor 2 can be reasonably set according to the actual situation, such as setting the number to 2, respectively at the beginning and end of the wind duct model group 7); the camera-type dust collector 4 has a transparent simulated lens, which is located inside the simulated wind duct; each camera-type dust collector 4 is used to be set at different positions on the dust flow path inside the simulated wind duct; the haze meter is used to perform haze detection on each simulated lens at least three times (it is used to perform haze detection on the simulated lens of the camera-type dust collector 4 to assist the experimenter in performing experimental data analysis; three times and record accurate experimental data, and finally perform experimental data processing and analysis); the controller is communicatively connected to the dust generator 1, the exhaust mechanism, the wind speed sensor 3 (all of them), the concentration sensor 2 (all of them), and the haze meter; the power supply 10 (i.e., DC power supply) is electrically connected to the controller, the dust generator 1, the exhaust mechanism, the wind speed sensor 3 (all of them), the concentration sensor 2 (all of them), and the haze meter.

[0023] The simulated air duct model group 7 replicates the airflow channel of the coal discharge space at the rear of the fully mechanized longwall face underground. The transparent sidewalls facilitate observation of dust movement. The dust generator 1 quantitatively releases dust particles into the simulated air duct, while the power-adjustable exhaust mechanism precisely controls the wind speed within the duct. The combination of these two elements reproduces the gas-solid two-phase flow environment of coal dust under different wind speeds in the mine, restoring the actual dust and airflow coupling scenario underground. Simulated lenses of multiple camera-type dust collectors 4 are positioned at different locations along the dust flow path within the simulated air duct, directly simulating the working state of the cameras at different installation points underground, achieving accurate simulation of the coal dust adhesion characteristics on the camera surfaces at different locations. The wind speed sensor 3 and concentration sensor 2 within the simulated air duct can monitor wind speed and dust concentration data in real time, controlling... The controller uniformly regulates these data and the operating parameters of the dust generator 1 and the ventilation mechanism, ensuring precise control of experimental variables. The haze meter performs at least three haze measurements on each simulated lens, which can quantitatively reflect the degree of coal dust pollution on the simulated lenses under different wind speeds and positions, providing reliable quantitative data for analyzing the coal dust deposition patterns. Through this device, not only can the influence of wind speed and installation position on coal dust deposition on the camera surface be clarified, but it can also provide direct experimental data support for the research on protective technologies to reduce dust adhesion to cameras. This provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the installation layout of underground cameras and developing self-cleaning technology for intelligent sensing systems, ultimately effectively improving the coal dust pollution problem of camera lenses and enhancing the image acquisition accuracy and system recognition stability of underground vision machines.

[0024] The following are the settings instructions for air duct model group 7: Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the air duct model group 7 includes multiple transparent air duct units; each air duct unit is connected end to end in a straight line (each air duct unit is provided with an air duct connection device 11 for interconnection, the air duct connection device 11 is any existing mechanism for connecting two adjacent air duct units, the air duct connection device 11 includes a female connector and a male connector (such as a spring buckle and a locking seat), the female connector and the male connector can be quickly connected, one end of the air duct unit is provided with at least one female connector on each side, and the other end is provided with at least one male connector on each side, so that they can be connected end to end); and the internal space of each air duct unit together forms a simulated air duct (the simulated lens is located on the inclined upper surface of the air duct unit).

[0025] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a concentration sensor 2 is installed on the side wall of each air duct unit with a camera-type dust collector 4.

[0026] The following are the settings instructions for the camera-type dust collector 4: Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, each camera-type dust collector 4 is installed on a different duct unit (the duct unit with the camera-type dust collector 4 is a duct unit with pre-drilled mounting holes for the camera-type dust collector 4; one camera-type dust collector 4 is installed every other duct unit, or one camera-type dust collector 4 is installed on each duct unit; the two modes can be freely switched according to experimental needs). Multiple camera-type dust collectors 4 are installed in the simulated duct, forming a long-distance multiple dust collection setup.

[0027] In the optional solutions of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the simulated lens is a planar circular thin plate-shaped lens; the camera-type dust collector 4 includes a lens barrel and a retaining ring, a limiting ring surface is provided at one end of the lens barrel, the outer diameter of the simulated lens is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring surface, and the outer diameter of the simulated lens is smaller than the inner diameter of the lens barrel; the lens barrel has an internal thread, and the retaining ring has an external thread that can be threadedly connected with the internal thread.

[0028] Specifically, the lens barrel and retaining ring of the camera-type dust collector 4 can be made of lightweight aluminum.

[0029] In the optional solutions of this embodiment, it is more preferred that a high-speed camera (with its lens facing the outside of the simulated lens of the camera-type dust collector 4) is provided at the position corresponding to each camera-type dust collector 4. The high-speed camera is located outside the simulated air duct, and the lens of the high-speed camera is facing the simulated lens.

[0030] In the optional solutions of this embodiment, it is more preferred that a supplementary light is provided at the position of each high-speed camera, and the supplementary light is used to provide illumination for the high-speed camera.

[0031] Specifically, the high-speed camera and supplementary light are used to capture images of the camera-type dust collector 4, and the high-speed camera is connected to a computer for data acquisition.

[0032] Specifically, for visual demonstration purposes, the external of the air duct model group 7 of the experimental device simulating surface contamination and detection of intelligent coal caving cameras provided in this embodiment is also equipped with a model of a hydraulic support for top coal caving that closely matches the actual structure (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, if the internal structure of the top coal caving hydraulic support model interferes with the installation of a high-speed camera, the corresponding interfering structure within the top coal caving hydraulic support model can be removed.

[0033] The following are the instructions regarding the setup of the ventilation system: Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the exhaust port of the extraction fan 6 is connected to the outlet of the simulated air duct through the adapter 5.

[0034] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the exhaust mechanism is a power-adjustable exhaust fan 6. The exhaust port of the exhaust fan 6 is connected to the outlet of the simulated air duct, and the exhaust port of the exhaust fan 6 is connected to the dust collection box (the dust discharged from the exhaust port of the exhaust fan 6 enters the dust collection box through the air duct. There is a filter screen at the tail of the dust collection box. Dust particles cannot pass through the pores of this filter screen, thus achieving both dust collection and normal entry of dust into the dust collection box).

[0035] Regarding other related settings: Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a serial port recorder 8, which is connected to the wind speed sensor 3, the concentration sensor 2 and the controller (the serial port recorder 8 is used to collect data and transmit it to the controller), and the serial port recorder 8 is connected to the power supply 10.

[0036] Specifically, the duct model group 7, adapter 5, exhaust fan 6, power supply 10, serial port recorder 8, etc. are all set on a test bench 9; the haze meter is set on a separate test bench 9.

[0037] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating and detecting surface contamination in an intelligent coal-fired camera, characterized in that: It includes a group of air duct models, a dust generator, an exhaust mechanism, a power supply, a controller, sensor components, a haze meter, and multiple camera-type dust collectors; The ventilation model group has a simulated ventilation duct for simulating the coal release space at the rear of the underground fully mechanized longwall mining face, and the simulated ventilation duct has a transparent sidewall; The output port of the dust generator is connected to the inlet of the simulated air duct; the dust generator is used to provide dust particles; The exhaust port of the exhaust mechanism is used to connect with the outlet of the simulated air duct, and the power of the exhaust mechanism is adjustable. The sensor assembly includes at least one wind speed sensor and at least one concentration sensor disposed within the simulated air duct; The camera-type dust collector has a transparent simulated lens, which is located inside the simulated air duct; each of the camera-type dust collectors is used to be set at a different position on the dust flow path inside the simulated air duct. The haze meter is used to perform at least three haze tests on each of the simulated lenses; The controller is communicatively connected to the dust generator, the exhaust mechanism, the wind speed sensor, the concentration sensor, and the haze meter. The power supply is electrically connected to the controller, the dust generator, the ventilation mechanism, the wind speed sensor, the concentration sensor, and the haze meter.

2. The experimental apparatus for simulating surface contamination and detection of a smart coal-fired camera according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air duct model group includes multiple transparent air duct units; each air duct unit is connected end to end in a straight line; and the internal space of each air duct unit together forms the simulated air duct.

3. The experimental apparatus for simulating surface contamination and detection of a smart coal-fired camera according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned camera-type dust collectors is installed on a different air duct unit.

4. The experimental apparatus for simulating surface contamination and detection of a smart coal feeding camera according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the air duct units equipped with the camera-type dust collector has a concentration sensor installed on its side wall.

5. The experimental apparatus for simulating surface contamination and detection of a smart coal feeding camera according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high-speed camera is installed at the location corresponding to each of the camera-type dust collectors. The high-speed camera is located outside the simulated air duct, and the lens of the high-speed camera is pointed at the simulated lens.

6. The experimental apparatus for simulating surface contamination and detection of a smart coal feeding camera according to claim 5, characterized in that: A supplementary light is provided at the position of each of the high-speed cameras to provide illumination for the high-speed cameras.

7. The experimental apparatus for simulating surface contamination and detection of a smart coal-fired camera according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a serial port recorder, which is communicatively connected to the wind speed sensor, the concentration sensor and the controller, and is powered on by the power supply.

8. The experimental apparatus for simulating surface contamination and detection of a smart coal-fired camera according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust mechanism is a power-adjustable exhaust fan. The exhaust port of the exhaust fan is connected to the outlet of the simulated air duct, and the exhaust port of the exhaust fan is connected to the dust collection box.

9. The experimental apparatus for simulating surface contamination and detection of a smart coal-fired camera according to claim 8, characterized in that: The exhaust port of the extraction fan is connected to the outlet of the simulated air duct via an adapter.

10. The experimental apparatus for simulating surface contamination and detection of a smart coal feeding camera according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated lens is a planar circular thin plate-shaped lens; the camera-type dust collector includes a lens barrel and a retaining ring, a limiting ring surface is provided at one end of the lens barrel, the outer diameter of the simulated lens is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring surface, and the outer diameter of the simulated lens is smaller than the inner diameter of the lens barrel; the lens barrel has an internal thread, and the retaining ring has an external thread that can be threadedly connected to the internal thread.

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