An adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler in an optical module

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of optical module communication technology and discloses an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module. This method solves the problems of slow startup speed, inability to adjust in real time, and limited control dimensions during power-on control of the thermoelectric cooler. The invention provides optimal parameters for different operating conditions using a two-dimensional lookup table and achieves continuous adaptation through interpolation. This allows for the fastest startup under the most common operating conditions of normal temperature and normal temperature difference by calling proactive parameters. Through a combination of real-time operating condition sensing and dynamic parameter adjustment, the current ambient temperature and target temperature difference are sensed in real time as control inputs. During execution, the step parameters are dynamically fine-tuned based on the rate of temperature change, enabling the control behavior to match the actual thermodynamic load in real time. Through a model that jointly decides on ambient temperature and instantaneous temperature difference, different combinations of thermal challenges can be finely distinguished and responded to, overcoming the shortcomings of single temperature difference control or fixed-sequence control in handling complex operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical module communication technology, and in particular to an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler inside an optical module. Background Technology

[0002] Optical modules used for high-speed data communication rely heavily on core laser chips that are extremely temperature-sensitive, typically requiring integrated thermoelectric coolers to maintain a constant temperature. These thermoelectric coolers are high-power, low-impedance loads that present two major problems upon power-up:

[0003] 1. Current surge: If the thermoelectric cooler drive circuit is enabled for a moment, it will draw a huge current from the fragile power rail of the optical module, causing the voltage to drop, affecting the normal operation of key components such as laser and modulator, and even causing the module to fail to start.

[0004] 2. Thermal shock: In extreme high and low temperature environments, applying full power heating or cooling to the laser chip instantaneously will generate mechanical stress due to the violent thermal expansion and contraction, which will reduce the reliability and lifespan of the laser chip in the long run.

[0005] Existing technologies often employ fixed delay circuits or firmware delays to mitigate power-up issues. However, fixed delays require a sufficiently long delay, resulting in unnecessary long wait times and slow startup under the most common operating conditions of room temperature. Furthermore, they lack environmental awareness, the control logic is open-loop, and they cannot dynamically adjust their behavior based on actual thermodynamic challenges. The control dimension is singular, lacking the ability to perceive and make decisions based on multi-dimensional state information. They are also susceptible to component aging; as the optical module ages, its thermal characteristics may change, and the fixed delay parameters may become inapplicable. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of slow start-up speed, inability to adjust in real time, and single control dimension when thermoelectric coolers are powered on, and to provide an adaptive power-on control method for thermoelectric coolers in optical modules.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0008] An adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module includes a preparation phase and an implementation phase, wherein the preparation phase includes:

[0009] Define the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, establish experimental conditions and experimental indicators through the structure, and fill the data of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table through experiments.

[0010] A dynamic parameter adjustment model is established based on the rate of temperature change.

[0011] The implementation phase includes:

[0012] The system can acquire the current ambient temperature and target temperature in real time, calculate the instantaneous temperature difference, and obtain the current operating status of the optical module.

[0013] The reference point is determined in the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table using the current operating condition of the optical module, and the parameter set of the reference point is read.

[0014] The interpolation weights corresponding to the current operating condition of the optical module are calculated using a reference point.

[0015] The parameter set of the reference point is bilinearly interpolated by interpolation weights to obtain the final interpolated parameter set.

[0016] Adaptive soft-start is performed using the final interpolated parameter set to gradually adjust the analog signal output by the digital-to-analog converter;

[0017] During adaptive soft start, the system monitors changes in ambient temperature in real time to switch modes and monitors abnormal states and issues alerts.

[0018] In response to the problem that existing technologies use fixed delays to cope with worst-case scenarios, resulting in slow startup under common normal temperature conditions, this invention abandons the fixed delay strategy and adopts an adaptive parameter generation method based on a control strategy lookup model and bilinear interpolation. The optimal soft-start parameters are dynamically calculated based on the real-time sensed ambient temperature and target temperature difference. This allows for faster startup under normal temperature differences using more aggressive parameters, while automatically activating conservative parameters only under extreme temperature differences. Thus, while ensuring safety, startup time is significantly shortened in most scenarios.

[0019] To address the problem that existing power-on control logic is mostly open-loop, lacking real-time perception and feedback adjustment capabilities for environmental conditions and unable to adaptively respond to different thermodynamic challenges, this invention constructs a closed-loop control architecture of perception-table lookup-interpolation-execution-monitoring. By collecting ambient temperature in real time and calculating instantaneous temperature difference, it uses this as a two-dimensional index to query the pre-calibrated control strategy lookup model. Bilinear interpolation is used to obtain control parameters that accurately adapt to the current operating conditions. Simultaneously, during soft start-up, the temperature change rate is calculated in real time, and the step parameters are fine-tuned online through a dynamic parameter adjustment model. This achieves a leap from open-loop preset to closed-loop adaptive execution, enabling the control behavior to match the actual thermal load in real time.

[0020] To address the problem that existing technologies often rely on a single control dimension, typically depending only on temperature difference or fixed timing, and lack the ability to make joint decisions regarding ambient temperature and instantaneous temperature difference, this invention defines a two-dimensional control strategy lookup table mathematical model indexed by ambient temperature zones and instantaneous temperature difference zones. This model represents the complex power-on control strategy as a continuous function of the ambient temperature zones and instantaneous temperature difference zones. By using bilinear interpolation, the control parameters are ensured to change smoothly and continuously within this two-dimensional space, thereby achieving multi-dimensional and refined coverage and decision-making of the working state space, overcoming the coarseness and limitations of single-variable control strategies.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides optimal parameters for different operating conditions through a two-dimensional lookup table and uses interpolation to achieve continuous adaptation, enabling the fastest start-up by calling positive parameters under the most common operating conditions of normal temperature and normal temperature difference; through the combination of real-time operating condition perception and dynamic parameter adjustment, the current ambient temperature and target temperature difference are perceived in real time as control inputs, and the step parameters are dynamically fine-tuned according to the rate of temperature change during execution, so that the control behavior can match the actual thermodynamic load in real time; through the model of joint decision-making of ambient temperature and instantaneous temperature difference, it can finely distinguish and respond to different combinations of thermal challenges, overcoming the shortcomings of single temperature difference control or fixed timing control in dealing with complex operating conditions.

[0022] Furthermore, an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module, wherein the data for filling the control strategy lookup table mathematical model through experiments includes the following steps:

[0023] Define the structure of the mathematical model for the control strategy lookup table, the structure including the table index and the table content;

[0024] Experimental conditions and experimental indicators are determined based on the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table.

[0025] The experimental conditions are determined based on the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table. The soft-start parameters are tested through the experimental conditions, and the experimental indicators of the soft-start parameters are recorded.

[0026] The specific values ​​of the soft-start parameters are determined through experimental indicators, and the contents of the table are determined based on the specific values ​​of the soft-start parameters.

[0027] The ambient temperature and instantaneous temperature difference of the experimental conditions are divided into multiple intervals, and each interval corresponds to a set of table contents. Data is filled in according to the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table to establish a preliminary mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table.

[0028] The preliminary control strategy lookup table mathematical model was tested on multiple optical module samples to verify its performance under different environmental conditions. Based on the performance test results, the preliminary control strategy lookup table mathematical model was fine-tuned to obtain the control strategy lookup table mathematical model.

[0029] The mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table is written into the non-volatile memory of the optical module for storage.

[0030] In the above-mentioned solution, this invention establishes a lookup parameter acquisition and solidification process based on experiments and structured storage. This solves the problem that existing fixed-delay or simple grading strategies often rely on rough estimates of worst-case scenarios or individual tests of limited samples for parameter setting. These parameters lack systematic experimental calibration and optimization covering all specified operating temperatures and potential temperature differences, resulting in compromised parameter set completeness and optimality. This can lead to poor performance or safety hazards in practical applications. Furthermore, the parameters are stored in a discrete and isolated manner, lacking a precise and continuous mathematical mapping relationship between parameters and operating conditions, thus failing to support precise... To address the technical challenges of adaptive control, this invention starts with data structures, defining a lookup table model of index (operating condition interval) - content (parameter set). Rigorous experimental methods are designed around this framework. The combination matrix of ambient temperature and instantaneous temperature difference to be tested is determined based on the index range. Key indicators are defined as objective criteria for parameter quality, and the optimal solution is selected based on these criteria. This ensures that the parameters ultimately filled into each table cell have undergone experimental verification and optimization. By discretizing continuous operating conditions into intervals and associating them with the optimal parameter set, and writing the complete table structure into non-volatile memory, data that can be directly used for interpolation calculations is generated. This invention transforms the generation of control parameters from estimation relying on local experience to calibration based on global experiments and optimization criteria. Through structured storage, it achieves a precise correlation between parameters and operating conditions, providing a robust, reliable, and directly executable data kernel for subsequent adaptive control. This realizes a leap in control strategy from discrete points configured by experience to continuous fields verified by experiments.

[0031] Furthermore, an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module, wherein the control strategy lookup table mathematical model is formulated as follows:

[0032] ;

[0033] Wherein, LUT stands for Strategy Lookup Table Mathematical Model. For table index, To search, For table content, The initial DAC value, The step size, For step interval, Total soft-boot timeout. The radius of the preheating window for the overall target.

[0034] In the above-described scheme, this invention solves the technical problems of existing thermoelectric refrigerator electrical control methods, such as the lack of rigorous mathematical expression of control rules and the fuzzy, discrete, and discontinuous mapping relationship between parameters and operating conditions, by clearly defining the mathematical model and structured functional relationship of the control strategy lookup table. This invention abstracts the control strategy into a two-dimensional function with clear inputs and outputs. The table index is based on ambient temperature partitions and instantaneous temperature difference partitions. The table content includes five key control parameters: initial DAC value, step size, step interval, total soft-start timeout, and target preheating window radius. This elevates the control strategy from a set of scattered rules to a continuous and computable mathematical function, allowing control parameters at any operating point to be smoothly derived through interpolation algorithms. This achieves continuous and non-abrupt changes in control parameters within the two-dimensional operating space. By defining the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, this invention fundamentally transforms the control strategy from a discrete set of rules to a continuous parameter field, laying a solid theoretical foundation for subsequent high-performance, high-smoothness adaptive soft-start.

[0035] Furthermore, an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module, wherein establishing a dynamic parameter adjustment model based on the temperature change rate includes the following sub-steps:

[0036] The rate of temperature change is calculated in real time based on the sampling temperature and the sampling interval.

[0037] If the temperature change rate does not meet the requirements Then the step size will be dynamically adjusted;

[0038] If the temperature change rate does not meet the requirements Then the step interval will be dynamically adjusted;

[0039] in, Let n be the rate of temperature change at time n. This represents the minimum limit of the rate of temperature change. This represents the maximum limit of the rate of temperature change.

[0040] In the above-described solution, this invention addresses the technical problems of existing thermoelectric cooler control methods, such as fixed control laws, inability to respond to real-time thermal states during startup, and open-loop control processes, by introducing a dynamic parameter adjustment model based on real-time temperature change rate. Existing fixed-sequence or pre-defined lookup table methods result in static control parameters during startup, failing to perceive and respond to actual thermodynamic dynamics. This leads to a dilemma where fixed step sizes and intervals face either excessively rapid temperature changes (thermal shock risk) or excessively slow temperature changes (startup delay) when faced with individual differences (e.g., varying thermal resistance between the chip and heat sink), environmental disturbances (e.g., airflow changes), or device aging. This invention calculates the temperature change rate of the laser chip in real-time and compares it with thresholds characterizing safety and efficiency. When heating / cooling is too rapid, the model automatically reduces the step size and increases the step interval to actively suppress thermal shock risk; when the response is slow, it increases the step size and decreases the step interval to maintain startup efficiency. This invention transforms the static, pre-programmed startup trajectory into a dynamic parameter adjustment model with adaptive capabilities, dynamically shaped by real-time thermal state feedback. In complex real-world application environments, it simultaneously ensures the safety (preventing overshoot and thermal shock) and efficiency (avoiding unnecessary lag) of the startup process, achieving an intelligent upgrade from static program execution to dynamic process interaction.

[0041] Furthermore, an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within a module, wherein the dynamic adjustment of the step amplitude includes the following sub-steps:

[0042] like To reduce the step size, the formula is:

[0043] ;

[0044] in, This is the adjusted step size. To adjust the coefficient, The step size;

[0045] like To increase the step size, the formula is:

[0046] ;

[0047] in, This is for adjusting the coefficient.

[0048] In the above-described solution, this invention addresses the technical problems of rigid control parameter adjustment mechanisms, poor nonlinear response, and susceptibility to oscillations in existing thermoelectric cooler electrical control methods by introducing a continuously adjustable step amplitude dynamic adjustment algorithm based on proportional feedback. Existing technologies typically employ a simple strategy of fixed-proportion reduction when dealing with rapid temperature changes. This not only deviates from the actual degree of exceedance but also easily leads to frequent system switching near the threshold, causing continuous oscillations in parameters and temperature, thus compromising the stability of the startup process. The adjustment algorithm proposed in this invention abandons fixed adjustment coefficients and instead nonlinearly proportionally correlates the adjustment amplitude with the degree of exceedance or underperformance of the temperature change rate. The adjustment coefficient acts as a configurable adjustment knob, precisely calibrating the controller's response sensitivity. This invention makes the step amplitude adjustment a smooth, continuous, and precisely matched closed-loop feedback process, fundamentally avoiding parameter abrupt changes, significantly enhancing stability and robustness in the face of dynamic thermal disturbances, and achieving accurate capture of the dynamic characteristics of the startup process.

[0049] Furthermore, an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module, wherein determining a reference point and reading the parameter set of the reference point includes the following steps:

[0050] The current ambient temperature and instantaneous temperature difference of the optical module are input into the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, and the interval direction is located through a two-dimensional lookup table:

[0051] The reference point is obtained by locating the interval by direction, and the parameter group of the reference point is read respectively.

[0052] In the above solution, this invention solves the technical problems of coarse operating condition matching, single reference point selection, and inability to provide a high-quality data foundation for fine interpolation in the existing power-on control of thermoelectric coolers by designing a precise operating condition positioning and reference point parameter group reading mechanism based on a two-dimensional grid. Existing technologies, when selecting parameters, only match the closest discrete preset parameter point for the current operating condition, losing the specific location information of the current operating condition in the continuous state space. Furthermore, they only provide one reference point, failing to achieve a smooth transition and unable to utilize information from surrounding points for optimization. This invention defines the determination of a reference point as a precise operation involving joint interval positioning of temperature and temperature difference. The continuous current ambient temperature and instantaneous temperature difference are mapped to discrete temperature partition index i and temperature difference partition index j through comparison operations, thereby uniquely determining the cell to which it belongs in a two-dimensional lookup table grid. This automatically extracts the complete parameter set stored at the four corner points of that cell, transforming a simple parameter lookup into a spatial positioning of the operating condition and the acquisition of a set of structured reference data. This provides indispensable, high-quality input data for subsequent bilinear interpolation algorithms. The four reference points not only define the location of the current operating condition but also provide all the boundary conditions required for continuous function fitting in this local area. This invention fundamentally changes the process from selecting a single point to locating an interval and obtaining its boundaries, laying a precise data foundation for generating smooth, continuous, and optimally adapted control parameters for any intermediate operating condition, enabling lookup-based control to possess continuous domain optimization capabilities.

[0053] Furthermore, an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module, wherein calculating the interpolation weights corresponding to the current operating condition of the optical module includes the following sub-steps:

[0054] Calculate the directional weight of ambient temperature using a reference point and the current ambient operating temperature;

[0055] The directional weight of the instantaneous temperature difference is calculated using the reference point and the current instantaneous temperature difference.

[0056] In the above scheme, this invention solves the technical problems of abrupt parameter switching and discontinuous control output in existing lookup-based control methods by introducing continuously computable interpolation weights based on the relative position of the operating condition within the grid. This invention explicitly defines the calculation of weights as a continuous quantization process directly related to the geometric position of the reference point and the current operating condition value. Specifically, the ambient temperature directional weight is the normalized linear position of the current ambient temperature within the interval formed by the temperatures of the left and right reference points. Similarly, the instantaneous temperature difference directional weight is calculated in the same way, accurately representing the continuous scalar of the relative position of the current operating condition within its respective two-dimensional grid cell. This invention transforms a discrete lookup operation into a preparatory step that provides accurate input parameters for the continuous interpolation function. At the mathematical core of the control strategy, it achieves a crucial leap from discrete indexing to continuous measurement, providing a fundamental guarantee for generating smooth, non-jumping control parameters that continuously match the operating condition.

[0057] Furthermore, an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module, wherein performing bilinear interpolation to obtain the final interpolation parameter set includes the following sub-steps:

[0058] Linear interpolation along the instantaneous temperature difference direction is performed on the parameter set of the reference point using the following formula:

[0059] ;

[0060] in, and This is the intermediate interpolation result in the direction of the instantaneous temperature difference. The parameter set for the lower left corner reference point. The parameter set for the top left corner reference point. The parameter set for the lower right corner reference point. The parameter set for the upper right corner reference point. The weighting is based on the direction of the instantaneous temperature difference;

[0061] After performing linear interpolation along the instantaneous temperature difference direction, perform linear interpolation along the ambient temperature direction to obtain the parameter set for the final interpolation. The formula is as follows:

[0062] ;

[0063] in, The parameter set for the final interpolation. The weight is determined by the direction of ambient temperature.

[0064] In the above scheme, this invention synthesizes the final control parameters by performing rigorous bilinear interpolation, solving the technical problems of discretized parameter output and inability to generate continuous and optimal control commands between preset operating points in existing table-based thermoelectric cooler control methods. Existing technologies, when encountering intermediate operating conditions that are not precisely stored, inevitably cause output parameters to jump from one preset value to another. This discontinuity in output leads to abrupt changes in control commands, potentially causing sudden changes in drive signals, resulting in unnecessary current disturbances or temperature fluctuations, and disrupting the smoothness and stability of the startup process. This invention uses weights to perform linear interpolation on the left and right reference parameter sets in the instantaneous temperature difference direction to obtain two intermediate parameter sets. In the ambient temperature direction, weights are used to perform linear interpolation on the intermediate parameter sets to obtain the final parameter set. This invention enables any minute change in operating conditions to cause continuous, minute, and predictable adjustments to the control parameters, completely eliminating parameter jumps and achieving ultimate smoothness in control commands, providing a core guarantee for the stable and precise startup of thermoelectric coolers.

[0065] Furthermore, an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module, wherein the gradual adjustment of the analog signal output by the digital-to-analog converter includes the following sub-steps:

[0066] Adaptive soft start is performed, and the parameters are adjusted through a dynamic parameter adjustment model.

[0067] Determine the operating direction of the thermoelectric cooler;

[0068] The initial DAC value of the thermoelectric cooler is set according to the working direction, and used as the initial digital code value of the digital-to-analog converter;

[0069] The analog signal output by the digital-to-analog converter is gradually adjusted by dynamically adjusting the step size and step interval.

[0070] In the aforementioned schemes, the existing soft-start process is typically an open-loop execution. An initial value is set, and then incremented with fixed step sizes and intervals until a preset time is reached. This process completely ignores real-time thermal feedback, with each control link operating independently and lacking coordination based on the same real-time state, resulting in slow control response and poor adaptability. This invention constructs a tightly coupled closed-loop execution chain: First, in each adjustment cycle, the step parameters are fine-tuned using a dynamic model based on the real-time temperature change rate, making the execution parameters themselves adaptable in real time. The heating or cooling direction of the thermoelectric cooler is determined, and the optimal initial force obtained through interpolation is multiplied by the direction coefficient to obtain a polarized initial DAC code value, ensuring the correct thermal direction is applied from the first step. During the loop, based on the dynamically adjusted step amplitude and interval, combined with the direction coefficient, the output is periodically, closed-loop, and updated with a sign. This invention transforms soft-start from mechanically executing a fixed program into an intelligent process capable of real-time sensing of thermal state, dynamic adjustment of strategy, and precise output of bidirectional control quantities, thereby achieving smooth, fast, and safe start-up under any operating condition.

[0071] Furthermore, an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module, wherein the mode switching during the adaptive soft-start process involves real-time monitoring of ambient temperature changes, includes the following sub-steps:

[0072] The formula for determining whether the current ambient temperature meets the preheating window range is:

[0073] ;

[0074] in, The current target operating temperature, The current ambient operating temperature, The final interpolation result for the preheating window radius of the overall target. This refers to the preheating window range;

[0075] If satisfied, switch to closed-loop control of the controller;

[0076] If the conditions are not met and the total soft boot timeout reaches [a certain threshold], If the temperature reading fails or the temperature sensor malfunctions, switch to the fixed parameter safety mode.

[0077] in, This is the final interpolated result of the total soft-start timeout.

[0078] In the aforementioned solutions, existing technologies often rely solely on simple timeouts or single temperature thresholds to determine startup completion. These switching conditions are fragile and isolated; if sensor noise causes fluctuations near the threshold, or if anomalies such as timeouts occur, the system either switches incorrectly or gets stuck in a deadlock, lacking a clear degradation strategy. The preheating window size determined in this invention is optimized based on sensor accuracy and thermal inertia, ensuring the reliability and adaptability of the switching criteria. If the criteria are met, high-precision controller closed-loop control is initiated, achieving rapid stabilization. Parallel monitoring of timeouts and sensor health status is performed. If a normal timeout occurs or a sensor fault is detected, optimal performance is proactively abandoned, and a seamless switch to a preset, extremely conservative fixed-parameter safety mode is implemented. This invention achieves a comprehensive leap in the reliability, availability, and safety of the startup process in complex real-world environments. Attached Figure Description

[0079] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0080] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0081] Figure 2 A flowchart for defining the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table. Detailed Implementation

[0082] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0083] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or suggesting any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Additionally, the terms "connected," "linked," etc., can refer to a direct connection between elements or an indirect connection via other elements.

[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, an adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module includes a preparation phase and an implementation phase. The preparation phase includes the following steps:

[0085] S1: Define the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, establish experimental conditions and experimental indicators through the structure, and fill the data of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table through experiments.

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown, S11: Define the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, the structure including table index and table content;

[0087] Specifically, S111: An index is established by defining the ambient temperature range and instantaneous temperature difference range, using the following formula:

[0088] ;

[0089] in, The ambient temperature range, For the m-th ambient temperature range, For instantaneous temperature range, This represents the nth instantaneous temperature range.

[0090] S112: Look up the table content using the table index. The table content includes the initial DAC value, step size, step interval, total soft-start timeout, and target warm-up window. The formula is:

[0091] ;

[0092] Wherein, LUT stands for Strategy Lookup Table Mathematical Model. For table index, To search, For table content, The initial DAC value, The step size, For step interval, Total soft-boot timeout. The radius of the preheating window for the overall target.

[0093] S12: Determine experimental conditions and define experimental indicators based on the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table.

[0094] S121: Select a series of ambient temperature points and integrate them as the ambient temperature for experimental conditions;

[0095] S122: At different ambient temperature points, different instantaneous temperatures are obtained by changing the target temperature. The integrated instantaneous temperatures are used as experimental conditions, and the formula is:

[0096] ;

[0097] in, The current instantaneous temperature difference, The current target operating temperature, This refers to the current operating temperature.

[0098] In this embodiment, -40℃, -20℃, 0℃, 25℃, 45℃, 60℃, and 85℃ were selected as the ambient temperatures for the experiments.

[0099] When 25℃ is selected as the current ambient temperature, the target temperature is changed to 25℃, 40℃, 55℃, 65℃, and 95℃ respectively, and the instantaneous temperature difference at different target temperatures is obtained as 0℃, 15℃, 30℃, 50℃, and 70℃.

[0100] S123: Define experimental indicators, including electrical indicators, thermal indicators, and reliability indicators.

[0101] The experimental parameters include the peak surge current and the voltage drop at the moment of power-on.

[0102] The thermal parameters include the rate of temperature change of the laser chip, the time to reach the target temperature, and the overshoot.

[0103] The reliability index is the number of thermal shocks.

[0104] Specifically, adjusting the parameters in the experiment affects the experimental indicators. If the initial DAC value is larger, the step size is larger, the step interval is shorter, the total soft-start timeout is shorter, and the target preheating window is larger, it may lead to a large instantaneous current, that is, a larger surge current peak (generally more than 1.5 times higher than the operating current). The power supply voltage drop value and the temperature change rate and overshoot of the laser chip may exceed the operating limit, and the time to reach the target temperature will also be faster, but it is easy to generate oscillations and increase the number of thermal shocks.

[0105] S13: Determine the experimental conditions based on the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, test the soft-start parameters through the experimental conditions, and record the experimental indicators of the soft-start parameters.

[0106] S131: Under the ambient temperature of each experimental condition, set different instantaneous temperature differences for different experimental conditions, and combine different soft-start parameters;

[0107] Each set of soft-start parameters includes the initial DAC value, step size, and step interval;

[0108] It is important to note that the soft-start parameter combination refers to the parameters that directly affect the temperature change curve during the start-up process of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC), namely the initial DAC value, step size, and step interval, which determine the dynamic characteristics of the start-up process.

[0109] S132: Record the experimental indicators of each set of soft-start parameters during the power-on process.

[0110] S14: Determine the specific values ​​of the soft-start parameters through experimental indicators, and determine the table contents based on the specific values ​​of the soft-start parameters.

[0111] S141: For each experimental condition, under the ambient temperature and instantaneous temperature difference, select the optimal soft-start parameters according to the following principles:

[0112] If the surge current peak value and power supply voltage drop value are both within the safe range, then check the temperature change rate; if not, do not select it.

[0113] If the temperature change rate of the laser chip does not exceed the maximum allowable temperature change value (e.g., 10℃ / s), then check the overshoot; if it does not meet the requirement, then do not select it.

[0114] If the overshoot does not exceed the maximum allowable overshoot value (e.g., 3℃), then check the time to reach the target temperature; if it does not meet the requirement, then do not select it.

[0115] If the time to reach the target temperature is the shortest, then select this set of soft-start parameters as the specific value.

[0116] It is important to note that all experimental parameters should be recorded during the experiment. However, when selecting the soft-start parameters for the optimal group, the number of thermal shocks is not used as an independent screening criterion because the number of thermal shocks is limited by the more stringent prerequisite that the temperature change rate of the laser chip does not exceed the maximum allowable value (e.g., 10℃ / s).

[0117] S142: Determine the total soft-start timeout and total target preheating window radius based on the soft-start parameters of the optimal group.

[0118] S1421: Select the optimal soft-start parameters for the group and conduct a soft-start experiment. Record the actual time t from the start of startup to the first temperature entering the preheating window. Take t×k (e.g., 1.5) as the total soft-start timeout for the group.

[0119] Where k is the safety factor;

[0120] S1422: Determine the radius of the overall target preheating window based on the measurement accuracy of the temperature sensor, using the following formula:

[0121] ;

[0122] in, The radius of the preheating window for the overall target. This represents the standard deviation of the temperature sensor measurements.

[0123] S1423: Adjust the overall target preheating window radius based on thermal inertia:

[0124] If the current experimental conditions have high thermal inertia and slow temperature response, then reduce the radius of the overall target preheating window.

[0125] If the thermal inertia of the current experimental conditions is small and the temperature response is fast, then the radius of the overall target preheating window should be increased.

[0126] It is important to note that reducing the overall target preheating window radius is to prevent premature switching that could hinder the rapid stabilization of the PID controller. Increasing the overall target preheating window radius allows for earlier PID controller switching, thus accelerating the overall startup. Thermal inertia can be determined by the rate of temperature change. Temperature response refers to the characteristic of the laser chip temperature changing over time under the influence of soft-start parameters. During the implementation phase, the values ​​of the total soft-start timeout and preheating window radius are calculated by querying the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table pre-stored in the chip and interpolating it in conjunction with the current operating conditions each time the optical module is powered on. Once calculated, these values ​​remain unchanged during the current soft-start process, becoming fixed constraints that guide the startup.

[0127] S15: Divide the ambient temperature and instantaneous temperature difference of the experimental conditions into multiple intervals. Each interval corresponds to a set of table contents. Fill in the data according to the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table to establish a preliminary mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table.

[0128] In this embodiment, [-40℃, -20℃, 0℃, 25℃, 45℃, 60℃, 85℃] represents the ambient temperature range, and [0℃, 15℃, 30℃, 50℃, 70℃] represents the instantaneous temperature difference range.

[0129] S16: Test the preliminary control strategy lookup table mathematical model on multiple optical module samples to verify its performance under different environmental conditions. Based on the performance test results, fine-tune the preliminary control strategy lookup table mathematical model to obtain the control strategy lookup table mathematical model.

[0130] S17: Write the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table into the non-volatile memory of the optical module for storage.

[0131] In this embodiment, if the search is performed in the 25°C range, the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table is shown in Table 1.

[0132] Table 1: Mathematical Model for Lookup Table of Control Strategies in the 25℃ Normal Temperature Zone;

[0133]

[0134] S2: Establish a dynamic parameter adjustment model based on the rate of temperature change.

[0135] S21: Calculate the temperature change rate in real time based on the sampling temperature and sampling interval. The formula is:

[0136] ;

[0137] in, Let n be the rate of temperature change at time n. The temperature is sampled at time n. This represents the temperature sampled at time n-1. The sampling interval is the time interval.

[0138] It should be noted that the temperature change rate here and the temperature change rate of the laser chip above are the same actual physical quantity, but the temperature change rate of the laser chip above was measured and recorded during the experiment, while the temperature change rate here is calculated in real time during operation.

[0139] S22: If the temperature change rate does not meet the requirements Then the step size will be dynamically adjusted.

[0140] in, This represents the minimum limit of the rate of temperature change. This represents the maximum limit of the rate of temperature change.

[0141] In the embodiments, and Based on experimental determinations of the thermal characteristics of the optical module, the maximum value of the temperature change rate measured in the maximum power step response, multiplied by a safety factor (typically 0.8), is used as... The minimum temperature change rate is measured in the minimum power step response or set according to the sensor noise level. According to the optical model industry , .

[0142] S221: If To reduce the step size, the formula is:

[0143] ;

[0144] in, This is the adjusted step size. This is for adjusting the coefficient.

[0145] It is important to note that This is the adjustment factor, when At this time, the adjustment factor is close to .

[0146] S222: If To increase the step size, the formula is:

[0147] ;

[0148] in, This is for adjusting the coefficient.

[0149] It is important to note that This is the adjustment factor, when At this time, the adjustment factor is .

[0150] In the embodiments, .

[0151] It is important to note that the adjustment step size should not be too large to avoid oscillations. Therefore, upper and lower limits should be set for the adjustment factor, limiting it to within a certain range. between.

[0152] S23: If the temperature change rate does not meet the requirements Then the step interval will be dynamically adjusted.

[0153] S231: If Then increase the step interval, as shown in the formula:

[0154] ;

[0155] in, This is the adjusted step interval.

[0156] S232: If To reduce the step interval, the formula is:

[0157] ;

[0158] It is important to note that at this time , The step size is calculated using the same values ​​as above.

[0159] Specifically, the adjustment strategy for step size and step interval is as follows: when the temperature change rate does not meet the requirements... At the same time, the step size and step interval are dynamically adjusted to ensure the rationality of operation. Then reduce the step size (e.g.) ) and increasing the step interval (e.g. ), Then increase the step size (e.g.) ) and reducing the step interval (e.g. However, in order to make the adjustment step smoother, dynamic adjustment is made based on the parameters based on real-time feedback. Therefore, the temperature change rate can be correlated with the adjustment step to obtain further ideas. When the temperature change rate is high, the step size is reduced and the step interval is increased. When the temperature change rate is too slow, the step size is increased and the step interval is decreased. Therefore, an adjustment coefficient is set to adjust the step size and step interval, forming the formula S221-S222, S231-S232.

[0160] The implementation phase includes the following steps:

[0161] S3: Real-time acquisition of current ambient temperature and target temperature, calculation of instantaneous temperature difference, and acquisition of the current operating status of the optical module;

[0162] Specifically, the current ambient temperature of the optical module is obtained through a temperature sensor, the target operating temperature is read through non-volatile memory, and the instantaneous temperature difference is calculated using the following formula:

[0163] ;

[0164] in, The current instantaneous temperature difference, The current target operating temperature, This refers to the current operating temperature.

[0165] The current operating condition of the optical module is its current ambient temperature and current instantaneous temperature difference.

[0166] S4: Determine the reference point in the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table using the current operating condition of the optical module, and read the parameter group of the reference point.

[0167] It is important to note that obtaining the reference point is for the purpose of achieving smooth and continuous adaptive control and avoiding parameter jumps.

[0168] S41: Input the current ambient temperature and current instantaneous temperature difference of the optical module into the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, and perform interval direction positioning through the two-dimensional lookup table;

[0169] Specifically, the orientation of ambient temperature: finding what satisfies If the index i, Then let index i = 0, if Then let index i = N-2;

[0170] in, Let i be the i-th ambient temperature boundary point. Let N be the (i+1)th ambient temperature boundary point, and N be the total number of grid points in the ambient temperature direction. This is the boundary point of the highest ambient temperature.

[0171] Instantaneous temperature difference direction positioning: finding the satisfying If the index j, Then let index j=0, if Then let index j = M-2;

[0172] in, Let j be the instantaneous temperature difference boundary point. Let M be the (j+1)th instantaneous temperature difference boundary point, and M be the total number of grid points in the instantaneous temperature difference direction. This is the boundary point of the highest instantaneous temperature difference.

[0173] It's important to note that this can be understood as a two-dimensional lookup table, which is a two-dimensional grid. The horizontal axis represents the ambient temperature partition, and the vertical axis represents the instantaneous temperature difference partition. By locating the current temperature using the method described above, the current temperature can be found. Within which grid cell does it fall, i.e., in the direction of ambient temperature, within the half-open / half-closed interval? In the direction of instantaneous temperature difference, in the semi-open / closed interval .

[0174] S42: Obtain the reference point through the directional positioning interval, and read the parameter group of the reference point respectively.

[0175] Specifically, the reference points are the lower left boundary points of the interval. The upper left boundary point of the interval The lower right boundary point of the interval upper right boundary point of the interval .

[0176] The parameter set of the reference point is formulated as follows:

[0177] ;

[0178] in, The parameter set for the lower left corner reference point. In the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, The parameter group stored for the index. The parameter set for the top left corner reference point. In the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, The parameter group stored for the index. The parameter set for the lower right corner reference point. In the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, The parameter group stored for the index. The parameter set for the upper right corner reference point. In the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, The parameter group stored for indexing.

[0179] It should be noted that the ambient temperature zone and instantaneous temperature difference zone are the specific values ​​of the ambient temperature range and instantaneous temperature difference range indexed in the abstract definition table of the control strategy lookup table mathematical model. The parameter group is the specific value of the initial DAC value, step size, step interval, total soft start timeout, and total target preheating window radius in the abstract definition table content of the control strategy lookup table mathematical model.

[0180] S5: Calculate the interpolation weights corresponding to the current operating condition of the optical module using the reference point.

[0181] S51: Calculate the ambient temperature directional weight using a reference point and the current ambient operating temperature, using the following formula:

[0182] ;

[0183] in, Weights are assigned to the direction of ambient temperature. ;

[0184] S52: Calculate the directional weight of the instantaneous temperature difference using the reference point and the current instantaneous temperature difference, using the following formula:

[0185] ;

[0186] in, The instantaneous temperature difference is weighted in the direction of the temperature difference. .

[0187] S6: Perform bilinear interpolation on the parameter set of the reference point using interpolation weights to obtain the final interpolated parameter set.

[0188] S61: Perform linear interpolation along the instantaneous temperature difference direction on the parameter set of the reference point, using the following formula:

[0189] ;

[0190] in, and This is the intermediate interpolation result in the direction of the instantaneous temperature difference;

[0191] S62: After performing linear interpolation in the direction of instantaneous temperature difference, perform linear interpolation in the direction of ambient temperature to obtain the parameter set of the final interpolation. The formula is as follows:

[0192] ;

[0193] in, This is the parameter set for the final interpolation.

[0194] Specifically, the initial DAC value is bilinearly interpolated using the following formula:

[0195] ;

[0196] in, The final interpolation result of the initial DAC values. The initial DAC value in the parameter group of the lower left reference point. The initial DAC value in the parameter group of the top-left reference point. The initial DAC value in the parameter group of the lower right reference point. The initial DAC value is the parameter group of the upper right corner reference point.

[0197] The formula for bilinear interpolation of the step size is:

[0198] ;

[0199] in, This is the final interpolation result for the step size. The step size is the parameter set for the lower left corner reference point. The step size is the parameter set for the top-left reference point. The step size is the parameter set for the lower right corner reference point. The step size is the parameter set for the upper right corner reference point.

[0200] The formula for bilinear interpolation of the step interval is:

[0201] ;

[0202] in, This is the final interpolation result for the step interval. The step interval in the parameter group of the lower left corner reference point. The step interval in the parameter group of the upper left corner reference point. The step interval in the parameter group of the lower right corner reference point. The step interval is the parameter group for the upper right corner reference point.

[0203] The total soft-start timeout is bilinearly interpolated using the following formula:

[0204] ;

[0205] in, This is the final interpolated result of the total soft-start timeout. The total soft-start timeout in the parameter group of the lower left reference point. The total soft-start timeout in the parameter group of the top-left reference point. The total soft-start timeout in the parameter group of the bottom right reference point. This is the total soft-start timeout in the parameter group of the upper right corner reference point.

[0206] The preheating window radius of the total target is calculated using bilinear interpolation, with the following formula:

[0207] ;

[0208] in, The final interpolation result for the preheating window radius of the overall target. The total target preheating window radius in the parameter group of the lower left reference point. The total target preheating window radius in the parameter group of the upper left reference point. The total target preheating window radius is the parameter group of the lower right corner reference point. The radius of the total target preheating window is the reference point in the upper right corner.

[0209] The formula for obtaining the final interpolation parameter set is:

[0210] ;

[0211] in, This is the parameter set for the final interpolation.

[0212] It is important to note that bilinear interpolation ensures that the parameters change continuously at the grid boundaries, when hour, It degenerates into one-dimensional interpolation in the direction of instantaneous temperature difference, when hour, It degenerates into a one-dimensional interpolation in the direction of ambient temperature. At the grid point, the interpolation result is completely consistent with the original value of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table. When the current operating condition exceeds the range of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, the parameter of the nearest grid point is used.

[0213] S7: Perform adaptive soft start by using the final interpolated parameter set to gradually adjust the analog signal output by the digital-to-analog converter.

[0214] S71: Performs adaptive soft start, and the parameters are adjusted through a dynamic parameter adjustment model;

[0215] S72: Determine the operating direction of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC):

[0216] like If direction = +1, the working direction is heating;

[0217] like If direction=-1, the working direction is refrigeration.

[0218] S73: Set the initial DAC value of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) according to the operating direction, as the initial digital code value of the digital-to-analog converter, using the following formula:

[0219] ;

[0220] in, This is the initial DAC value for the thermoelectric cooler (TEC).

[0221] This can be understood as the control value that is finally input to the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) being obtained by multiplying the force parameter by the direction coefficient.

[0222] S74: Gradually adjusts the analog signal output by the digital-to-analog converter by dynamically adjusting the step size and step interval.

[0223] S8: During adaptive soft start, it monitors ambient temperature changes in real time to switch modes and monitors abnormal states in real time and issues alarms.

[0224] S81: Determines whether the current ambient temperature meets the preheating window range, using the following formula:

[0225] ;

[0226] in, This refers to the preheating window range;

[0227] If satisfied, switch to PID closed-loop control.

[0228] If the conditions are not met and the total soft boot timeout reaches [a certain threshold], If the temperature reading fails or the temperature sensor malfunctions, switch to the fixed parameter safety mode.

[0229] It is important to note that the fixed parameter safety mode is a highly conservative, preset degraded operating state that the optical module automatically switches into when it detects a soft-start anomaly or a critical component failure. The purpose is to prioritize preventing hardware damage when optimal performance cannot be guaranteed.

[0230] S82: If a power supply abnormality is detected, the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) drive will be stopped, an alarm will be issued, error handling will be performed synchronously, and the error command will be transmitted to the host computer for prompting for inspection.

[0231] It is important to note that abnormal states are monitored throughout the adaptive soft start process, not after the warm-up window conditions are met.

[0232] It should be noted that the specific methods by which each module performs operations in the system described in the above embodiments have been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0233] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0234] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An adaptive power-on control method for a thermoelectric cooler within an optical module, characterized in that, It includes a preparation phase and an implementation phase, wherein the preparation phase includes: Define the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, establish experimental conditions and experimental indicators through the structure, and fill the data of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table through experiments. A dynamic parameter adjustment model is established based on the rate of temperature change. The implementation phase includes: The system can acquire the current ambient temperature and target temperature in real time, calculate the instantaneous temperature difference, and obtain the current operating status of the optical module. The reference point is determined in the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table using the current operating condition of the optical module, and the parameter set of the reference point is read. The interpolation weights corresponding to the current operating condition of the optical module are calculated using a reference point. The parameter set of the reference point is bilinearly interpolated by interpolation weights to obtain the final interpolated parameter set. Adaptive soft-start is performed using the final interpolated parameter set to gradually adjust the analog signal output by the digital-to-analog converter; During adaptive soft start, the ambient temperature changes are monitored in real time to switch modes, and abnormal states are monitored and alarms are triggered in real time. The mathematical model for the control strategy lookup table is as follows: ； Wherein, LUT stands for Strategy Lookup Table Mathematical Model. For table index, To search, For table content, The initial DAC value, The step size, For step interval, Total soft-boot timeout. The radius of the preheating window for the overall target. The ambient temperature range, For instantaneous temperature range; The process of establishing a dynamic parameter adjustment model based on the rate of temperature change includes the following sub-steps: The rate of temperature change is calculated in real time based on the sampling temperature and the sampling interval. If the temperature change rate does not meet the requirements Then the step size will be dynamically adjusted; If the temperature change rate does not meet the requirements Then the step interval will be dynamically adjusted; in, Let n be the rate of temperature change at time n. This represents the minimum limit of the rate of temperature change. This represents the maximum limit of the rate of temperature change. Determining the reference point and reading its parameter set includes the following steps: The current ambient temperature and instantaneous temperature difference of the optical module are input into the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, and the interval direction is located through a two-dimensional lookup table: The reference point is obtained by locating the interval by direction, and the parameter group of the reference point is read respectively; The current operating condition of the optical module is the current ambient temperature and the current instantaneous temperature difference of the optical module; The reference points are the lower left boundary points of the interval. The upper left boundary point of the interval The lower right boundary point of the interval upper right boundary point of the interval ; in, Let i be the i-th ambient temperature boundary point. This is the (i+1)th ambient temperature boundary point; Let j be the instantaneous temperature difference boundary point. This is the (j+1)th instantaneous temperature difference boundary point; The parameter set of the reference point is formulated as follows: ； in, The parameter set for the lower left corner reference point. In the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, The parameter group stored for the index. The parameter set for the top left corner reference point. In the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, The parameter group stored for the index. The parameter set for the lower right corner reference point. In the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, The parameter group stored for the index. The parameter set for the upper right corner reference point. In the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table, A set of parameters stored for indexing; The calculation of the interpolation weights corresponding to the current operating condition of the optical module includes the following sub-steps: Calculate the directional weight of ambient temperature using a reference point and the current ambient operating temperature; Calculate the directional weight of the instantaneous temperature difference using a reference point and the current instantaneous temperature difference; The step of performing bilinear interpolation to obtain the final interpolation parameter set includes the following sub-steps: Linear interpolation along the instantaneous temperature difference direction is performed on the parameter set of the reference point using the following formula: ； in, and This is the intermediate interpolation result in the direction of the instantaneous temperature difference. The weighting is based on the direction of the instantaneous temperature difference; After performing linear interpolation along the instantaneous temperature difference direction, perform linear interpolation along the ambient temperature direction to obtain the parameter set for the final interpolation. The formula is as follows: ； in, The parameter set for the final interpolation. Weighting for ambient temperature direction; The process of switching modes by real-time monitoring of ambient temperature changes during adaptive soft start includes the following sub-steps: The formula for determining whether the current ambient temperature meets the preheating window range is: ； in, The current target operating temperature, The current ambient operating temperature, The final interpolation result for the preheating window radius of the overall target. This refers to the preheating window range; If satisfied, switch to closed-loop control of the controller; If the conditions are not met and the total soft boot timeout reaches [a certain threshold], If the temperature reading fails or the temperature sensor malfunctions, switch to the fixed parameter safety mode. in, This is the final interpolated result of the total soft-start timeout.

2. The adaptive power-on control method for the thermoelectric cooler within the optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of filling the control strategy lookup table mathematical model with data through experiments includes the following steps: Define the structure of the mathematical model for the control strategy lookup table, the structure including the table index and the table content; Experimental conditions and experimental indicators are determined based on the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table. The experimental conditions are determined based on the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table. The soft-start parameters are tested through the experimental conditions, and the experimental indicators of the soft-start parameters are recorded. The specific values ​​of the soft-start parameters are determined through experimental indicators, and the contents of the table are determined based on the specific values ​​of the soft-start parameters. The ambient temperature and instantaneous temperature difference of the experimental conditions are divided into multiple intervals, and each interval corresponds to a set of table contents. Data is filled in according to the structure of the mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table to establish a preliminary mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table. The preliminary control strategy lookup table mathematical model was tested on multiple optical module samples to verify its performance under different environmental conditions. Based on the performance test results, the preliminary control strategy lookup table mathematical model was fine-tuned to obtain the control strategy lookup table mathematical model. The mathematical model of the control strategy lookup table is written into the non-volatile memory of the optical module for storage.

3. The adaptive power-on control method for the thermoelectric cooler within the optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment of the step size includes the following sub-steps: like To reduce the step size, the formula is: ； in, This is the adjusted step size. To adjust the coefficient, The step size; like To increase the step size, the formula is: ； in, This is for adjusting the coefficient.

4. The adaptive power-on control method for the thermoelectric cooler within the optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepwise adjustment of the analog signal output by the digital-to-analog converter includes the following sub-steps: Adaptive soft start is performed, and the parameters are adjusted through a dynamic parameter adjustment model. Determine the operating direction of the thermoelectric cooler; The initial DAC value of the thermoelectric cooler is set according to the working direction, and used as the initial digital code value of the digital-to-analog converter; The analog signal output by the digital-to-analog converter is gradually adjusted by dynamically adjusting the step size and step interval.

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