3D model simplified 2D simulation analysis method based on PMSM

Abstract

The invention provides a 3D model simplification 2D simulation analysis method based on a PMSM, and relates to the technical field of motors, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining an original 3D parameterized model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the original 3D parameterized model comprises a stator, a rotor and a permanent magnet assembly; based on electromagnetic sensitivity analysis, establishing a geometric feature screening standard, performing geometric feature screening and simplification on the original 3D model to obtain a simplified 3D model, and extracting geometric sections of all components of the motor to obtain a 2D planar model; generating an initial 2D motor model based on the original 3D parameterized model; replacing a stator, a rotor and a permanent magnet in the initial 2D motor model with a corresponding stator, a corresponding rotor and a corresponding permanent magnet in the 2D planar model to obtain a simplified 2D model; and on the basis of electromagnetic distribution characteristics, grid division and parameter setting are carried out on the simplified 2D model, and 2D electromagnetic simulation analysis is executed to obtain performance parameters. According to the method, for the PMSM, the calculation efficiency is greatly improved while the high simulation precision is kept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to a method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis using a 3D model based on PMSM. Background Technology

[0002] Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), with their high efficiency, high power density, wide speed range, and excellent dynamic response performance, have become the "heart" of modern high-end electric drive systems. In the electric vehicle field, PMSMs are key to achieving long range and high power output; in industrial automation, their precise torque control supports the high-speed, precision movements of robot joints and CNC machine tools; in renewable energy fields (such as wind power generation), the low-speed direct-drive characteristics of PMSMs can simplify the transmission chain and improve system reliability. The performance of a motor directly depends on the rationality of its electromagnetic design, and electromagnetic field simulation analysis is a core link connecting theoretical design and engineering implementation in the motor design process. Through simulation, key indicators such as magnetic field distribution, back electromotive force harmonics, cogging torque, iron and copper losses, and temperature rise can be quantitatively analyzed, replacing the traditional "trial and error method" (relying on physical prototype manufacturing and testing), shortening the design cycle by 40%-60%, and reducing R&D costs by more than 50%. Therefore, the accuracy and efficiency of electromagnetic simulation technology are one of the core indicators for measuring the level of motor design.

[0003] Currently, electromagnetic simulation of permanent magnet synchronous motors mainly relies on two technical approaches: two-dimensional (2D) finite element models and three-dimensional (3D) finite element models. These two approaches have significant contradictions in terms of accuracy and efficiency, making it difficult to meet the dual requirements of modern motor design.

[0004] Oversimplification in two-dimensional (2D) simulation models leads to insufficient accuracy. 2D simulations reduce computational complexity significantly (the number of meshes is typically 1 / 100 to 1 / 500 of that in 3D models) by simplifying the motor to a planar model (usually the axial mid-section), ignoring end structures (such as winding ends and permanent magnet end faces), three-dimensional magnetic circuit distribution (such as radial and tangential magnetic flux coupling), and skewed slot / pole effects. However, this simplification directly results in systematic deviations between simulation results and actual conditions, making 2D simulations only suitable for preliminary scheme selection and unable to meet the requirements of high-precision design optimization.

[0005] The trade-off between accuracy and efficiency in 3D simulation models is difficult to reconcile. To compensate for the accuracy deficiencies of 2D models, directly importing a full-size 3D model of the motor (containing complete geometric information of the stator, rotor, windings, and cooling structure) has become the preferred solution for high-precision simulation. 3D models can completely reproduce end effects, 3D magnetic circuits, skewed slots / pole characteristics, and the simulation results can achieve a consistency rate of over 95% with measured data. However, the computational efficiency bottleneck of 3D simulation severely restricts its engineering applications, with problems such as mesh explosion, lengthy computation time, and difficulties in multiphysics coupling.

[0006] The contradiction between existing 2D and 3D simulation technologies has led to a dilemma in motor design. With the continuous improvement of motor design performance requirements, electromagnetic field simulation analysis, as a key link in motor design and optimization, directly affects motor performance evaluation and development cycle in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an electromagnetic simulation analysis method that balances accuracy and efficiency: one that can reduce the amount of computation through reasonable simplification while retaining key three-dimensional structural characteristics to ensure accuracy; one that can support high-frequency parameter iteration (such as completing hundreds of parameter analyses per day) while outputting reliable results comparable to 3D simulation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a 3D model-simplified 2D simulation analysis method based on PMSM, which combines the simulation accuracy of 3D models with the computational efficiency of 2D models, and is compatible with existing mainstream electromagnetic simulation software, facilitating practical applications and providing a more efficient and accurate analysis tool for motor design.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis using a 3D model based on PMSM, comprising: Obtain the original 3D parametric model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, including the stator, rotor, and permanent magnet components; Based on electromagnetic susceptibility analysis, a geometric feature screening standard was established, and the original 3D model was screened and simplified to obtain a simplified 3D model. The simplified 3D model is imported into electromagnetic simulation analysis software, and the geometric cross-sections of each component of the motor are extracted to obtain a 2D planar model. Import the original 3D parametric model into electromagnetic simulation software to generate an initial 2D motor model; The stator, rotor, and permanent magnet in the initial 2D motor model are replaced with the corresponding stator, rotor, and permanent magnet in the 2D planar model to obtain a simplified 2D model; Based on the electromagnetic distribution characteristics, the simplified 2D model is meshed, parameters are set, and 2D electromagnetic simulation analysis is performed to obtain performance parameters.

[0009] As a further improvement to the present invention, a geometric feature screening criterion is established based on electromagnetic susceptibility analysis, including: Set thresholds for chamfer and fillet dimensions, set thresholds for surface area, and set location sensitivity standards.

[0010] As a further improvement to the present invention, the original 3D model is screened, including: When the dimensions of chamfers and fillets are less than a preset threshold, they are considered to have little impact on electromagnetic performance. When the surface area of ​​a geometric feature is less than a preset surface area threshold, it is considered a secondary feature. Sensitive and insensitive locations are selected based on location sensitivity criteria.

[0011] As a further improvement to the present invention, and to simplify the original 3D model, the following is included: By merging coplanar stator laminations, the stator and rotor stacks are integrated into a whole; Remove features and minor features that have little impact on electromagnetic performance; All features of sensitive locations are preserved; Remove the radial edge chamfer of the permanent magnet, but retain the axial edge chamfer; Remove the winding model.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the electromagnetic features of the simplified 3D model include stator tooth profile, rotor magnetic pole profile, permanent magnet shape, and air gap.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a simplified 3D model is imported into electromagnetic simulation analysis software, and the geometric cross-sections of each component of the motor are extracted to obtain a 2D planar model; including: Position the simplified 3D model to ensure that the axial interface is located in the 2D electromagnetic simulation plane. Select the axial sections of the stator, rotor, and permanent magnet, and crop the selected interface to obtain a 2D planar model.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the parameters of the original 3D parametric model are imported into electromagnetic simulation software to generate an initial 2D motor model; including: Input the stator and rotor, permanent magnet, winding slots, permanent magnet slots and winding parameters into the electromagnetic simulation software, including the inner and outer diameters of the stator and rotor; Generate an initial 2D model, including the stator, rotor, permanent magnets, and shaft.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the stator, rotor, and permanent magnet in the initial 2D motor model are replaced with the corresponding stator, rotor, and permanent magnet in the 2D planar model to obtain a simplified 2D model; including: Align and match the 2D planar model with the initial 2D motor model to ensure they are in the same coordinate plane; Delete the stator, rotor, and permanent magnet from the initial 2D motor model, and copy the stator, rotor, and permanent magnet from the 2D planar model to the initial 2D motor model to obtain a simplified 2D model; Define the material properties of each component of the motor, adjust the position of each component, and modify the coordinate axis of each permanent magnet.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the simplified 2D model is meshed, including: A high-density grid is generated for the air gap and permanent magnet in the magnetic field, and a low-density grid is generated for the remaining area.

[0017] As a further improvement to the present invention, a mesh is generated for the entire region based on electromagnetic simulation software; Multiple layers of bonding were added to the magnetic field air gap, and further meshing was performed; An inner domain mesh is added to the rotor's inner domain, and the density of this inner domain mesh is greater than the mesh density generated by the electromagnetic simulation software for the entire region. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention, by preserving key geometric features and accurately extracting the 2D planar model, controls the deviation between the 2D simulation results and the experimental results of the permanent magnet synchronous motor sample to within 3%, far superior to the 18-20% deviation of traditional 2D models. Compared to full 3D model simulation, this method reduces computation time by more than 300%, shortening the single simulation time to the level of several minutes, supporting more frequent design iterations and parameter optimization, and making parametric analysis and optimization design of complex motors possible.

[0018] This invention proposes a 2D simulation analysis method based on PMSM (Polymerization and Simulation Modeling) to simplify the 3D model. By performing electromagnetic susceptibility analysis on the original 3D parametric model of the synchronous motor and removing geometric details that have little impact on the electromagnetic analysis, screenshots of the motor components are obtained and matched and replaced with the initial 2D motor model to obtain a simplified 2D model of the synchronous motor. This method not only preserves the key geometric features of the synchronous motor in electromagnetic simulation but also simplifies the model and reduces its complexity. Ultimately, it significantly improves computational efficiency while maintaining high simulation accuracy.

[0019] In the simulation process, this invention generates a high-density grid in critical areas (such as the magnetic field gap and permanent magnet) and appropriately relaxes the grid requirements in non-critical areas to reduce the simulation calculation pressure and improve the simulation calculation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the original 3D model of PMSM disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a simplified 3D model of PMSM disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the extraction of a 2D planar model from an original PMSM 3D model, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the initial 2D motor model generated by the Rmxprt module of Ansys Maxwell, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a simplified 2D model of the replaced PMSM disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a performance comparison chart of three models disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Stator; 2. Rotor; 3. Winding; 4. Permanent magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis using a 3D model based on PMSM, comprising: S1. Obtain the original 3D parametric model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a stator 1, a rotor 2, and a permanent magnet 4 assembly; in, Export a complete 3D parametric model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor from CAD software (Catia), including components such as stator 1 (core), winding 3, rotor 2 (core), and permanent magnet 4. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the original 3D parametric model contains a large number of engineering details, such as the multi-layer stacking of stator and rotor 2, the positioning openings of the stator and rotor 2 stacking, and the chamfering of the stator 1 surface. These details do not have a significant impact on electromagnetic analysis, but they greatly increase the computational load of the simulation. A geometric check is performed on the model to correct any potential surface stitching problems and topological errors, ensuring the geometric integrity of the model.

[0024] S2. Based on electromagnetic susceptibility analysis, establish geometric feature selection criteria, and simplify the original 3D parametric model by selecting and simplifying its geometric features to obtain a simplified 3D model, such as... Figure 2 As shown; in, Based on electromagnetic susceptibility analysis, geometric feature screening criteria were established to identify and retain key structural features that significantly impact electromagnetic performance. Subsequently, geometric details with minor impact on electromagnetic analysis, such as chamfers smaller than a threshold size, transition fillets, and non-critical assembly features, were systematically removed. This step prepares for the mesh optimization section of S6, employing a feature-preserving mesh simplification algorithm to reduce model complexity while maintaining mesh quality in critical areas.

[0025] Furthermore, Based on electromagnetic susceptibility analysis, a geometric feature screening standard was established, including: Set thresholds for chamfer and fillet dimensions, set thresholds for surface area, and set location sensitivity standards.

[0026] The original 3D parametric models were then screened, including: When the dimensions of chamfers and fillets are less than a preset threshold, they are considered to have little impact on electromagnetic performance. When the surface area of ​​a geometric feature is less than a preset surface area threshold, it is considered a secondary feature. Sensitive and insensitive locations are selected based on location sensitivity criteria.

[0027] The original 3D parametric model is simplified, including: The coplanar stator 1 laminations are merged, and the stator and rotor 2 stacks, which are composed of multiple laminations, are integrated into a whole to reduce the complexity of the model. Remove features and minor features that have little impact on electromagnetic performance; All features of sensitive locations are preserved; Remove the radial edge chamfer of the permanent magnet 4, but retain the axial edge chamfer; Remove winding 3 model.

[0028] Specifically, For example, when the size is less than 1 / 3 of the air gap length of the motor (1.2mm) (i.e. 0.4mm), it is considered a feature with little impact on electromagnetic performance; when the surface area of ​​the feature is less than 5% of the tooth surface area of ​​stator 1, it is considered a minor feature; features near the air gap should be retained as much as possible, such as the shape of the magnetic pole of rotor 2 and the shape of the slot of stator 1, while the standards for features far away from the air gap area can be appropriately relaxed.

[0029] The simplification process is as follows: (1) Merge the coplanar stator 1 laminations and integrate the stator and rotor 2 stacks, which are made up of multiple laminations, into a whole to reduce the complexity of the model. (2) Remove all chamfers and fillets smaller than 0.4mm, including the chamfers on the surface of stator 1 and the locating pins of rotor 2. (3) Remove the radial chamfers of permanent magnet 4 but retain the axial chamfers so that its axial cross-sectional shape remains unchanged and does not interfere with the slots of permanent magnet 4. (4) Remove the winding 3 model that is not needed for 2D electromagnetic simulation.

[0030] The electromagnetic features of the simplified 3D model include the stator 1 tooth profile, the rotor 2 magnetic pole profile, the permanent magnet 4 shape, and the air gap.

[0031] S3. Import the simplified 3D model into the electromagnetic simulation analysis software, extract the geometric cross-sections of each component of the motor, and obtain a 2D planar model, such as... Figure 3 As shown, key structural features that have a significant impact on electromagnetic performance are retained; This includes: Position the simplified 3D model to ensure that the axial interface is located in the 2D electromagnetic simulation plane. Select the axial sections of stator 1, rotor 2 and permanent magnet 4, and crop the selected interface to obtain a 2D planar model.

[0032] S4. Import the parameters of the original 3D parametric model into the electromagnetic simulation software to generate an initial 2D motor model, such as... Figure 4 As shown; The initial 2D motor model was generated using Ansys Maxwell's RMxprt module, which obtained the basic geometry, material definitions, coordinate settings, and boundary conditions of components such as stator and rotor 2, winding 3, and permanent magnet 4.

[0033] Furthermore, including: Input the parameters of stator and rotor 2, permanent magnet 4, winding slot 3, permanent magnet slot 4, and winding 3 into the electromagnetic simulation software, including the inner and outer diameter dimensions of stator 1 and rotor 2; Generate an initial 2D model, including stator 1, rotor 2, permanent magnet 4, and shaft.

[0034] S5. Replace stator 1, rotor 2, and permanent magnet 4 in the initial 2D motor model with the corresponding stator 1, rotor 2, and permanent magnet 4 in the 2D planar model to obtain a simplified 2D model, such as... Figure 5 As shown; in, Align and match the 2D planar model with the initial 2D motor model generated by RMxprt to ensure that they are in the same coordinate plane; Delete stator 1, rotor 2 and permanent magnet 4 from the initial 2D motor model, and copy stator 1, rotor 2 and permanent magnet 4 from the 2D planar model to the initial 2D motor model to obtain a simplified 2D model; Redefine the material properties, coordinate system, and physical boundary conditions of each component of the motor to ensure the accuracy of the motor simulation model; Specifically, Adjust the positions of each component of the motor, modify the coordinate axes of each permanent magnet 4, and fine-tune the inner and outer diameters of the stator 1 and rotor 2 to avoid the inability to start the simulation due to the intersection of the inner and outer domains with the model.

[0035] S6. Based on the electromagnetic distribution characteristics, the simplified 2D model is meshed and parameters are set. Then, 2D electromagnetic simulation analysis is performed to obtain performance parameters.

[0036] in, Based on the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, an adaptive mesh generation strategy is adopted to generate high-density meshes for the magnetic field air gap and permanent magnet 4, and to appropriately relax the mesh requirements in non-critical areas to reduce the simulation calculation pressure.

[0037] After setting reasonable solution parameters, perform 2D electromagnetic field simulation analysis and extract key performance parameters through the post-processing module.

[0038] Furthermore, The entire region is divided into grids based on electromagnetic simulation software; Multiple layers of bonding were added to the magnetic field air gap, and further meshing was performed; Add an inner domain mesh to the inner domain of rotor 2. The density of the inner domain mesh is greater than the density of the mesh generated by the electromagnetic simulation software for the entire region.

[0039] Finally, key performance parameters, including magnetic flux distribution and cogging torque, are extracted through the post-processing module. Example 1:

[0040] like Figure 1-5 As shown, taking an 8-pole, 12-slot internal permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) with a rated power of 800W and a rated speed of 3000rpm as an example, the specific implementation process of the method of the present invention is described in detail. This motor uses neodymium iron boron permanent magnets 4, the stator 1 has an outer diameter of 85mm, an axial length of 52.5mm, and an air gap length of 1.2mm. Through the method of the present invention, the original 3D parametric model is simplified and converted into a high-precision 2D simulation model, achieving the best balance between computational efficiency and simulation accuracy. The specific implementation process includes: Step 1: 3D Model Acquisition and Preprocessing First, export the complete 3D parametric model of the IPMSM from the CAD software (Catia), including components such as stator 1 core, winding 3, rotor 2 core, and permanent magnet 4. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the original 3D parametric model contains numerous engineering details, such as the multi-layered stacking of stator and rotor 2, the positioning openings of the stator and rotor 2 stacking, and the chamfering of the stator 1 surface. These details do not significantly affect the electromagnetic analysis but greatly increase the computational load of the simulation. A geometric check was performed on the model to correct potential surface stitching issues and topological errors, ensuring the geometric integrity of the model. The check results showed that the original model contained approximately 200,000 polygonal faces.

[0041] Step 2, 3D model simplification: Based on the feature sensitivity analysis method proposed in this invention, the 3D model is systematically simplified: First, feature selection criteria are set: (1) Chamfer / fillet size threshold: When the size is less than 1 / 3 of the motor air gap length (1.2mm) (i.e. 0.4mm), it is considered a feature with little impact on electromagnetic performance. (2) Surface area threshold: When the surface area of ​​a feature is less than 5% of the area of ​​the stator 1 tooth surface, it is considered a minor feature. (3) Position sensitivity: Features near the air gap are retained as much as possible, such as the shape of the rotor 2 magnetic pole and the shape of the stator 1 slot, while the criteria for features far from the air gap area can be appropriately relaxed. Then, simplification operations are performed: (1) The coplanar stator 1 laminations are merged, and the stator and rotor 2 stacks composed of multiple laminations are integrated into a whole to reduce the complexity of the model. (2) All chamfers and fillets smaller than 0.4mm are removed, including the chamfers on the surface of stator 1 and the locating pins of rotor 2. (3) Remove the radial chamfer of permanent magnet 4 but retain the axial chamfer to keep its axial cross-sectional shape unchanged and prevent interference with the slot of permanent magnet 4. (4) Remove the winding 3 model that is not needed in the 2D electromagnetic simulation. For example Figure 2 As shown, the simplified 3D model retains key electromagnetic features such as the stator 1 tooth profile, rotor 2 magnetic pole profile, permanent magnet 4 shape, and air gap, while removing details that have little impact on electromagnetic analysis. The simplified model contains approximately 800 polygonal patches, reducing model complexity by about 99.6%.

[0042] Step 3, 2D surface model extraction: Import the simplified 3D model into the electromagnetic simulation software Ansys Maxwell and perform 2D surface extraction: (1) Reposition the motor model to ensure that the axial section is located in the 2D electromagnetic simulation plane (XY plane). (2) Change the selection mode to Faces. Figure 3 As shown, select the axial sections of the stator and rotor 2 and the permanent magnet 4 in sequence. (3) Use the Detach Faces function in the Surface option to extract the selected sections.

[0043] Step 4: Building the RMxprt basic model: In Ansys Maxwell, creating a simulation model using the RMxprt module is much easier and faster than building one from scratch. In RMxprt, input the stator / rotor 2, permanent magnet 4, winding slot 3, permanent magnet slot 4, and winding 3 parameters of the 8-pole 12-slot IPMSM used in this implementation example. Note that the inner and outer diameters of stator / rotor 2 and the winding 3 parameters must be accurate, as the boundary conditions, inner and outer domains, and winding 3 components generated by RMxprt will be directly used in the subsequent simulation analysis. The 2D simulation model generated after the RMxprt analysis is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the model includes a stator and rotor 2, a permanent magnet 4, and a shaft. The model adopts an idealized geometry, with the stator and rotor 2 being a perfect circle. The winding slot 3 and the permanent magnet slot 4 also differ from the actual model, ignoring the subtle features in the actual structure.

[0044] Step 5, Model Replacement and Reconstruction: (1) Delete the stator and rotor 2 and permanent magnet 4 components in the RMxprt generated model, and directly copy the extracted stator and rotor 2 and permanent magnet 4 components into the file.

[0045] (2) Check if the component is located on the XY plane. If not, it needs to be moved to the XY plane using the Move command.

[0046] (3) Define the material properties of each component and modify the coordinate axis of each permanent magnet 4 in turn. RMxprt has automatically generated the corresponding coordinate axis of permanent magnet 4. You only need to modify the coordinate in the property interface of permanent magnet 4.

[0047] (4) Because model replacement may cause the inner and outer domains to intersect with the model, preventing the simulation from starting, the dimensions of the inner and outer domains need to be fine-tuned. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the replaced 2D model incorporates key details of the actual structure on the basis of the simplified model, forming a simulation model that is both accurate and efficient.

[0048] Step 6, Grid Settings: RMxprt has generated a full-area surface approximation mesh, but the air gap in the magnetic field is crucial for electromagnetic analysis. Therefore, multiple bands need to be added to further subdivide the air gap. Furthermore, due to the shape characteristics of the rotor 2's magnetic poles, an air gap exists within the inner domain. Therefore, a higher-precision inner domain mesh is needed to ensure the air gap is uniformly and completely subdivided. Finally, meshes for the permanent magnet 4, winding 3, and stator / rotor 2 components are added as needed to improve computational accuracy.

[0049] Example 2: To verify the effectiveness of the method of the present invention, the three models in this example are compared and analyzed with the actual experimental results of the sample motor: (1) Standard 2D model generated by RMxprt: idealized geometry, no actual structural details.

[0050] (2) Simplified 3D model: complete three-dimensional simulation, large amount of computation.

[0051] (3) The 2D model replaced by the present invention: a 2D model that incorporates actual structural details.

[0052] Specific results Figure 6 As shown: Based on the experimental data of unloaded cogging torque, (1) the torque calculation error of the standard 2D model of RMxprt is 129%; (2) the torque calculation error of the model of this invention is only 22.6%; (3) the calculation error of the simplified 3D model is 12.9%. Based on the experimental data of the output magnetic moment under 100A excitation, (1) the torque calculation error of the standard 2D model of RMxprt is 19.9%, (2) the torque calculation error of the model of this invention is only 1.5%, and (3) the calculation error of the simplified 3D model is 0.8%. From a computational efficiency perspective, even the simplified 3D model takes about 30 times longer to simulate a single time than the 2D model, making it unsuitable for high-frequency computational needs in motor electromagnetic simulation.

[0053] This embodiment fully demonstrates the effectiveness of the method of the present invention: through reasonable model simplification and innovative 2D model construction process, it significantly improves computational efficiency while maintaining high simulation accuracy, providing a practical and efficient electromagnetic analysis tool for PMSM design.

[0054] Advantages of this invention: This invention, by preserving key geometric features and accurately extracting the 2D planar model, controls the deviation between the 2D simulation results and the experimental results of the permanent magnet synchronous motor sample to within 3%, far superior to the 18-20% deviation of traditional 2D models. Compared to full 3D model simulation, this method reduces computation time by more than 300%, shortening the single simulation time to the level of several minutes, supporting more frequent design iterations and parameter optimization, and making parametric analysis and optimization design of complex motors possible.

[0055] This invention proposes a 2D simulation analysis method based on PMSM (Polymerization and Simulation Modeling) to simplify the 3D model. By performing electromagnetic susceptibility analysis on the original 3D parametric model of the synchronous motor and removing geometric details that have little impact on the electromagnetic analysis, screenshots of the motor components are obtained and matched and replaced with the initial 2D motor model to obtain a simplified 2D model of the synchronous motor. This method not only preserves the key geometric features of the synchronous motor in electromagnetic simulation but also simplifies the model and reduces its complexity. Ultimately, it significantly improves computational efficiency while maintaining high simulation accuracy.

[0056] In the simulation process, this invention generates a high-density grid in critical areas (such as the magnetic field gap and permanent magnet) and appropriately relaxes the grid requirements in non-critical areas to reduce the simulation calculation pressure and improve the simulation calculation efficiency.

[0057] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis using a 3D model based on PMSM, characterized in that, include: Obtain the original 3D parametric model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, including the stator, rotor, and permanent magnet components; Based on electromagnetic susceptibility analysis, a geometric feature screening standard was established, and the original 3D model was screened and simplified to obtain a simplified 3D model. The simplified 3D model is imported into electromagnetic simulation analysis software, and the geometric cross-sections of each component of the motor are extracted to obtain a 2D planar model. Input the parameters of the original 3D parametric model into the electromagnetic simulation software to generate an initial 2D motor model; The stator, rotor, and permanent magnet in the initial 2D motor model are replaced with the corresponding stator, rotor, and permanent magnet in the 2D planar model to obtain a simplified 2D model; Based on the electromagnetic distribution characteristics, the simplified 2D model is meshed, parameters are set, and 2D electromagnetic simulation analysis is performed to obtain performance parameters.

2. The method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis based on PMSM 3D models according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on electromagnetic susceptibility analysis, a geometric feature screening standard was established, including: Set thresholds for chamfer and fillet dimensions, set thresholds for surface area, and set location sensitivity standards.

3. The method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis based on PMSM 3D models according to claim 1, characterized in that: The original 3D model is then screened, including: When the dimensions of chamfers and fillets are less than a preset threshold, they are considered to have little impact on electromagnetic performance. When the surface area of ​​a geometric feature is less than a preset surface area threshold, it is considered a secondary feature. Sensitive and insensitive locations are selected based on location sensitivity criteria.

4. The method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis based on PMSM 3D models according to claim 3, characterized in that: The original 3D model is then simplified, including: By merging coplanar stator laminations, the stator and rotor stacks are integrated into a whole; Remove features and minor features that have little impact on electromagnetic performance; All features of sensitive locations are preserved; Remove the radial edge chamfer of the permanent magnet, but retain the axial edge chamfer; Remove the winding model.

5. The method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis based on PMSM 3D models according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic features of the simplified 3D model include the stator tooth profile, rotor magnetic pole profile, permanent magnet shape, and air gap.

6. The method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis based on PMSM 3D models according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simplified 3D model is imported into electromagnetic simulation analysis software, and the geometric cross-sections of each component of the motor are extracted to obtain a 2D planar model; including: Position the simplified 3D model to ensure that the axial interface is located in the 2D electromagnetic simulation plane. Select the axial sections of the stator, rotor, and permanent magnet, and crop the selected interface to obtain a 2D planar model.

7. The method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis based on PMSM 3D models according to claim 1, characterized in that: Import the original 3D parametric model into electromagnetic simulation software to generate an initial 2D motor model; including: Input the stator and rotor, permanent magnet, winding slots, permanent magnet slots and winding parameters into the electromagnetic simulation software, including the inner and outer diameters of the stator and rotor; Generate an initial 2D model, including the stator, rotor, permanent magnets, and shaft.

8. The method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis based on PMSM 3D models according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator, rotor, and permanent magnet in the initial 2D motor model are replaced with the corresponding stator, rotor, and permanent magnet in the 2D planar model to obtain a simplified 2D model; include: Align and match the 2D planar model with the initial 2D motor model to ensure they are in the same coordinate plane; Delete the stator, rotor, and permanent magnet from the initial 2D motor model, and copy the stator, rotor, and permanent magnet from the 2D planar model to the initial 2D motor model to obtain a simplified 2D model; Define the material properties of each component of the motor, adjust the position of each component, and modify the coordinate axis of each permanent magnet.

9. The method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis based on PMSM 3D models according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mesh generation of the simplified 2D model includes: A high-density grid is generated for the air gap and permanent magnet in the magnetic field, and a low-density grid is generated for the remaining area.

10. The method for simplifying 2D simulation analysis based on PMSM 3D models according to claim 9, characterized in that: The entire region is divided into grids based on electromagnetic simulation software; Multiple layers of bonding were added to the magnetic field air gap, and further meshing was performed; An inner domain mesh is added to the rotor's inner domain, and the density of the inner domain mesh is greater than the density of the mesh generated by the electromagnetic simulation software for the entire region.

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