Two-dimensional directional diagram reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna unit and array

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-dimensional directional diagram reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna unit, which is characterized in that a radiation patch layer of an antenna A, a dielectric layer I, a radiation patch layer of an antenna B, a dielectric layer II, a floor, a dielectric layer III and a Wiljin work layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom by taking a Z axis as a reference; the radiation patch layer of the antenna A comprises an x polarized antenna Ax and a y polarized antenna Ay, and the x polarized antenna Ax and the y polarized antenna Ay are diagonally arranged on the radiation patch layer of the antenna B, so that y polarization and x polarization can be independently controlled at the same time, and a 2D directional diagram can be reconfigured. According to the invention, independence of dual polarization is realized, and a two-dimensional directional diagram is reconfigurable. The formed array can perform stable beam scanning in a wide angle range of + / -60 degrees, and is small in gain fluctuation and low in sidelobe level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dual-polarized antenna array technology, specifically relating to a two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element and array. Background Technology

[0002] As 5G and future 6G communication technologies evolve towards higher frequency bands and larger capacities, smart antennas and massive MIMO technology have become core technologies. Dual-polarized antennas can effectively improve spectral efficiency and channel capacity, while beam scanning capability is crucial for achieving accurate coverage and user tracking. Traditional phased arrays achieve scanning through phase shifters, resulting in high cost and power consumption. Pattern-reconfigurable antennas, by changing the antenna's own radiation mode to assist or replace phase scanning, have become a promising low-cost beam control solution. However, applying this concept to dual-polarization and achieving two-dimensional reconfigurability faces significant challenges.

[0003] Existing technical solutions: 1. Multi-port feed switching scheme: Design an antenna structure with multiple feed ports, and switch the excitation of different ports through an RF switch to generate different directional radiation modes. For example, one port excitation generates a side-fire beam, while another port excitation generates an end-fire or conical beam. However, to cover dual polarization, the number of ports required increases exponentially, resulting in an extremely complex feed network (requiring multiple power dividers and combiners), high insertion loss, and design difficulties. More importantly, this structure is difficult to integrate and modularize, making it almost impossible to practically expand into a large-scale area array.

[0004] The paper by Y. Liu and Y. Wang, "Low-Profile Dual-Polarized Pattern-Reconfigurable Antenna With Independent Beam Control Capability in BothPolarizations for Indoor Application," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 1231-1235, April 2024, achieves switching between side-fire and monopole patterns by switching three ports. However, since the monopole modes corresponding to the x and y polarizations are only implemented by exciting one port, the design cannot independently control the radiation patterns of the two polarizations.

[0005] 2. Scheme based on tunable parasitic element 13: Parasitic pattern reconfigurable antennas are mainly used to achieve H-plane pattern reconfiguration, i.e., 1D pattern reconfiguration. A single-polarized antenna requires at least two switches. To achieve a dual-polarized 1D pattern reconfigurable antenna, at least four switches are needed. This results in an exceptionally complex feed network (requiring multiple power dividers and combiners), high insertion loss, and design difficulties. More importantly, this structure is difficult to integrate and modularize, making it almost impossible to practically expand into a large-scale array.

[0006] W. Li, YM Wang, Y. Hei, B. Li and X. Shi, "A Compact Low-Profile Reconfigurable Metasurface Antenna With Polarization and Pattern Diversities," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 20, no. 7, pp. 1170-1174, July 2021. This paper describes how H-plane pattern reconfigurability is achieved by loading a parasitic structure around a dual-polarized antenna and switching the patterns through the parasitic structure. The structure achieves pattern reconfigurability for both polarizations through four switches. Although it has a relatively small number of switches, the patterns of the two polarizations cannot be independently controlled.

[0007] In summary, existing technologies struggle to achieve truly reconfigurable two-dimensional radiation patterns with independent controllable polarizations. The excessive number of switches and auxiliary components leads to high system redundancy. The excessive use of PIN diodes, inductors, and complex multilayer PCB fabrication drives up hardware costs. Complex control lines and feed grids pose significant challenges to large-scale array integration. In array environments, mutual coupling can easily degrade scanning performance (high sidelobes, gate lobes). Summary of the Invention

[0008] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a two-dimensional pattern-reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element and array, realizing independent two-dimensional (E-plane and H-plane) pattern reconfigurability of dual polarization (x-polarization and y-polarization). The array can perform stable beam scanning within a wide angle range of ±60°, with small gain fluctuations and low sidelobe levels.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element, with the Z-axis as the reference, is arranged from top to bottom as follows: radiating patch layer 1 of antenna A, dielectric layer 1, radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B, dielectric layer 2, ground plane 5, dielectric layer 3, and Wilkins power layer 7. The radiating patch layer 1 of antenna A includes an x-polarized antenna Ax8 and a y-polarized antenna Ay9. The x-polarized antenna Ax8 and the y-polarized antenna Ay9 are arranged diagonally in the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B to achieve 2D pattern reconfigurability where y-polarization and x-polarization are independently controllable.

[0010] The center of antenna Ax8, the center of antenna Ay9, and the center of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B are on the same diagonal. The positions of antenna Ax8 and antenna Ay9 to the geometric center of antenna B patch are (dx, -dy) and (-dx, dy), respectively.

[0011] The antenna Ax8 is formed by a rectangular patch slot with a length of pxo and a width of pyi. The length and width of the slot are pxi and pyi, respectively. The center of the slot is connected by a rectangular patch with a length of pxi and a width of 0.5mm. Two PIN diodes are loaded on the rectangular patch, and the distance between the PIN diodes and the center of the antenna Ax8 is 1mm.

[0012] The rectangular patch of antenna Ax8 has a through hole at its center. From antenna Ax8 to Wilkins power layer 7, the circuit is combined with the x-polarization port of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B through Wilkins power layer 7 to port x.

[0013] The antenna Ay9 is formed by a rectangular patch slot with a length of pxo and a width of pyi. The length and width of the slot are pxi and pyi, respectively. The center of the slot is connected by a rectangular patch with a length of pxi and a width of 0.5mm. Two PIN diodes are loaded on the rectangular patch, and the distance between the PIN diodes and the center of the antenna Ax9 is 1mm.

[0014] The rectangular patch of antenna Ay9 has a through hole at its center. From antenna Ay9 to Wilkins power layer 7, the circuit is combined with the y-polarization port of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B through Wilkins power layer 7 to port y. The orientation of antenna Ay9 is obtained by rotating antenna Ax8 by 90°.

[0015] The Wilkinson power divider includes RF port 10, port 11 and port 2 12; the three ports are arranged in a T-shape, and RF energy is fed in through the ports and the RF energy is equally distributed to port 11 and port 2 12. Port 11 is used to connect to the y-polarization port of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B or the x-polarization port of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B. Port 12 is used to connect to the through hole of antenna Ay9 or antenna Ax8.

[0016] The radiating patch layer 3 of the antenna B is a dual-polarized antenna with two excitation ports, corresponding to the x-polarized port and the y-polarized port, respectively. The radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B is located at the center of the coordinate system. Four long slots are etched from the four corners of antenna B towards the center. The four long slots are not connected to each other, so that antenna A and antenna B do not overlap.

[0017] The x-polarized port of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B and the port of antenna Ax8 are combined into one port using a Wilkins power divider to realize the 2D pattern reconfigurability of the x-polarized antenna. The y-polarized port of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B and the port of antenna Ay9 are combined into one port using a Wilkins power splitter, thereby realizing the reconfigurability of the 2D radiation pattern of the y-polarized antenna.

[0018] The dielectric layers are bonded together using Rogers 4450F.

[0019] A parasitic element 13 is loaded at the (-dx,-dy) position at the center of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B. The parasitic element 13 is an n×n metasurface unit. The parasitic element 13 is used to improve the amplitude lobe level of x-polarization scanning in the yoz plane and y-polarization scanning in the xoz plane, that is, to improve the amplitude lobe level of H plane scanning. The parasitic element 13 is located in the same layer as the radiating patch layer 1 of antenna A.

[0020] A two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna array comprises an array of n×n two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna elements; the spacing between each element is 51 mm. The DC feeder in the array is connected to the FPGA control terminal via four horn-shaped connectors.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Dual-unit structure design: The structure with two units arranged diagonally achieves dual-polarization, two-dimensional, independently controllable reconfigurable radiation pattern, which is significantly superior to existing technologies that can only achieve 1D reconfigurability or dual-polarization that cannot be independently controlled.

[0022] 2. Extremely simplified structure and significantly reduced cost: The core active components require only 4 PIN diodes, eliminating the need for any RF choke inductors, and only 2 DC control lines per unit (with clear wiring after expansion). Compared to existing solutions that require 8 or more switches and complex inductor networks, hardware costs, design complexity, and power consumption are all significantly reduced (estimated to be over 50%).

[0023] 3. Excellent array performance: wide scanning range, with continuous scanning within ±60° as measured in actual tests; stable gain, with gain fluctuation of less than 2.5 dB during scanning, avoiding the gain loss problem of wide beam arrays; good sidelobe suppression, with sidelobe level always above 8.75 dB during scanning through parasitic structure optimization, which is better than most similar designs; no grating lobes, with no grating lobes appearing when scanning to ±60° at a 0.65λ spacing, proving the effectiveness of this reconfigurable unit in an array environment.

[0024] 4. Scalability: The unit design is highly modular, and the power supply and control interfaces are unified and simple. When scaling to large-scale arrays, it is only necessary to arrange the units in a regular manner and summarize the control lines. There is no need to redesign the complex power supply network or face the exponentially increasing control complexity, making it very suitable for large-scale MIMO system applications.

[0025] 5. High performance of dual polarization: While achieving reconfigurability, it maintains good port isolation (>20 dB) and cross-polarization isolation (>15 dB), meeting the basic requirements of modern communication systems for dual polarization performance. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 Structure diagram of a dual-polarity reconfigurable cell.

[0027] Figure 2 3D radiation pattern of reconfigurable unit; (a) State 1 (b) State 2; 2D radiation pattern; (c) XOZ plane (d) YOZ plane.

[0028] Figure 3 The unit structure diagram after adding parasitic structures.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the 4×4 array structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the results of the array x-polarization scan. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] This invention discloses a two-dimensional pattern-reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element and array, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element. With the Z-axis as the reference, the antenna element has a total of seven layers from top to bottom, namely three dielectric substrate layers and four metal etching layers. From top to bottom, the antenna A has a radiating patch layer 1, dielectric layer 1, antenna B has a radiating patch layer 3, dielectric layer 2, ground plane 5, dielectric layer 3, and Wilkins power layer 7. The radiating patch layer 1 of antenna A includes an x-polarized antenna Ax8 and a y-polarized antenna Ay9. The x-polarized antenna Ax8 and the y-polarized antenna Ay9 are arranged diagonally in the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B to achieve 2D pattern reconfigurability where y-polarization and x-polarization are independently controllable.

[0033] The center of antenna Ax8, the center of antenna Ay9, and the center of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B are on the same diagonal line. The positions of antenna Ax8 and antenna Ay9 from the center of antenna B are (dx, -dy) and (-dx, dy), respectively.

[0034] The antenna Ax8 is formed by a rectangular patch slot with a length of pxo and a width of pyi. The length and width of the slot are pxi and pyi, respectively. The center of the slot is connected by a rectangular patch with a length of pxi and a width of 0.5mm. Two PIN diodes are loaded on the rectangular patch, and the distance between the PIN diodes and the center of the antenna Ax8 is 1mm.

[0035] The rectangular patch of antenna Ax8 has a through hole at its center. From antenna Ax8 to Wilkins power layer 7, the circuit is combined with the x-polarization port of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B through Wilkins power layer 7 to port x.

[0036] The antenna Ay9 is formed by a rectangular patch slot with a length of pxo and a width of pyi. The length and width of the slot are pxi and pyi, respectively. The center of the slot is connected by a rectangular patch with a length of pxi and a width of 0.5mm. Two PIN diodes are loaded on the rectangular patch, and the distance between the PIN diodes and the center of the antenna Ax9 is 1mm.

[0037] For PIN1, the left side is positive and the right side is negative. For PIN2, the left side is negative and the right side is positive. For PIN3, the top is positive and the bottom is negative. For PIN4, the bottom is negative and the top is positive.

[0038] The rectangular patch of antenna Ay9 has a through hole at its center. From antenna Ay9 to Wilkins power layer 7, the circuit is combined with the y-polarization port of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B through Wilkins power layer 7 to port y. Antennas Ax8 and Ay9 are identical except for their polarization; Dielectric layers 2 and 4 have a dielectric constant of 3.55 and a thickness of 1.524 mm. Dielectric layer 6 has a dielectric constant of 3.55 and a thickness of 0.254 mm. The upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric layers are metal etching layers, and the dielectric layers are bonded together using Rogers 4450F with a thickness of 0.2 mm.

[0039] The four metal etching layers, from top to bottom, are the radiating patch layer 1 of antenna A, the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B, the ground plane 5, and the Wilkins power layer 7. The radiating patch layer 1 of antenna A consists of two antennas: an x-polarized antenna Ax8 and a y-polarized antenna Ay9. Antennas Ax8 and Ay9 have the same structure and dimensions. Two PIN diodes are loaded on their patches to switch between different radiation pattern modes. The centers of antennas Ax8, Ay9, and B are on the same diagonal, and the positions of antennas Ax8 and Ay9 relative to the center of antenna B are (dx, -dy) and (-dx, dy), respectively. Antenna Ax8 has a through hole at its center. From the radiating patch layer 1 of antenna A to the Wilkinson power layer, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the signal is combined with the x-polarization port of antenna B through a Wilkinson power divider to port x. (The function of the Wilkinson power divider: the radio frequency energy is fed in through the port and the radio frequency energy is equally divided to port 1 and port 2.) Antenna Ay9 has the same structure as Ax, the difference being that Ay is formed by rotating the radiating patch layer of antenna Ax8 by 90°.

[0040] The PIN diode is model SMP1340. The only difference between antennas Ax8 and Ay9 is their polarization. Antennas Ax8 and Ay9 are placed diagonally, and their positions from the center of antenna B are (dx, -dy) and (-dx, dy) respectively. The radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B is a dual-polarized antenna with two excitation ports, corresponding to the x-polarized port and the y-polarized port, respectively.

[0041] The radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B is located at the center of the coordinate system. Compared to traditional dual-polarized microstrip antennas, antenna B has four long slots etched at its four corners to reduce its size. This prevents antennas A and B from overlapping, improving performance. Furthermore, etching antenna B beneath the dielectric substrate also prevents overlap between antennas A and B.

[0042] The x-polarized port of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B and the port of antenna Ax8 are combined into one port using a Wilkins power splitter, thereby realizing the reconfigurable 2D radiation pattern of the x-polarized antenna.

[0043] Similarly, the y-polarized port of the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B and the port of antenna Ay9 are combined into one port using a Wilkins power divider to realize the 2D pattern reconfigurability of the y-polarized antenna.

[0044] Floor 5 is located between Wilkins power layer 7 and antenna B. Detailed design parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1 parameter value parameter value parameter value pxo 17 mm pl 7 mm gyi 10 mm pyo 16 mm gxo 14.5 mm L 50 mm pxi 9 mm gyo 17.8 mm t 3 mm pyi 11 mm gxi 6 mm dx / dy 18.5 mm Figure 2 (a) and (b) show the 3D radiation pattern of the Ax-Bx antenna. It can be seen that in state 1, the radiation pattern faces approximately -45° to the azimuth plane and deflects in the elevation plane. In state 2, the radiation pattern faces approximately 135° to the azimuth plane and deflects in the elevation plane. In this case, whether in state 1 or state 2, the 2D radiation pattern of the Ax-Bx antenna has a certain deflection angle in both the xoz and yoz planes. By switching between states 1 and 2, the Ax-Bx antenna achieves switching between R-mode and L-mode in the xoz and yoz planes, respectively. The corresponding reconstructable radiation patterns in the xoz and yoz planes are shown below. Figure 2 As shown in (c) and (d), the Ax-Bx antenna deflects at angles of 18° and -23° in the xoz plane, corresponding to gains of 5.51 dBi and 5.97 dBi, respectively. The 3 dB beamwidths for R-mode and L-mode are 97° and 75°, respectively. Therefore, the beam coverage range for both modes is -60.5° to 66.5°. Furthermore, the cross-polarization isolation is greater than 20 dB in both modes. The radiation pattern in the yoz plane can be reconstructed as follows: Figure 2 As shown in (d), the antenna deflection angles in the yoz plane are 23° and -20°, corresponding to gains of 6.07 dBi and 5.89 dBi, respectively. The 3 dB beamwidths for R-mode and L-mode are 72° and 73°, respectively. Therefore, the beam coverage range for both modes is -60.5° to 57.5°. Furthermore, the cross-polarization isolation is greater than 20 dB in both modes.

[0046] The principle of this invention is as follows: First, a dual-polarized antenna B is designed as a foundation, ensuring that both polarizations have the same operating bandwidth and high isolation. Then, an tunable antenna Ax8 with the same operating frequency band is introduced. The tunable structure is typically implemented through parasitic structures or tunable feed networks. A 1-bit reconfigurable metasurface is chosen as the tunable structure. Antenna Ax8 is a 1-bit radiating phase-tunable metasurface antenna, requiring two switches. Furthermore, due to the difference in their radiating structures, antennas Ax8 and B have a 90° phase difference. By using Wilkinson power splitters to combine and split the ports of antennas Ax8 and B, a single-port pattern reconfigurable antenna design is achieved.

[0047] Then, by adjusting the 1-bit phase of antenna Ax8, the phase difference between antenna Ax8 and antenna B can be switched from 90° to -90°. This achieves two radiation pattern modes: R-mode and L-mode. R-mode and L-mode represent the radiation pattern deflection in the positive and negative directions of the coordinate axes, respectively. By arranging antennas Ax8 and B diagonally, 2D radiation pattern reconfigurability can be achieved. That is, the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B is at the coordinate center, and the position of antenna Ax8 is (dx, -dy). Similarly, the y-polarized antenna Ay9 and the radiating patch layer 3 of antenna B are also arranged diagonally, with the coordinate position of antenna Ay9 being (-dx, dy). Through the above design, 2D radiation pattern reconfigurability with independent control over both y-polarization and x-polarization can be achieved.

[0048] To improve the amplitude lobe level of the array during large-angle scanning in the H-plane, Figure 1 A parasitic unit 13 is loaded at the location (-dx, -dy), such as Figure 3 As shown. Parasitic element 13 is a 5×5 metasurface element. The introduction of parasitic element 13 has a relatively small impact on the antenna; its main purpose is to improve the amplitude lobe level of x-polarization scanning in the yoz plane and y-polarization scanning in the xoz plane, i.e., to improve the amplitude lobe level of the H-plane scanning. Figure 3 To form a 4×4 two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna, such as... Figure 4 As shown. The cell pitch remains 51mm. The array has a total of 16 DC feed lines. It is connected to the FPGA control terminal via four horn-shaped connectors.

[0049] Figure 4 The array x-polarization scan results shown are as follows Figure 4 As shown. It can be seen that, as Figure 5 (a) The scanning range in the xoz plane is ±60°. The maximum gain is 17.60 dBi, the minimum gain is 15.23 dBi, and the gain fluctuation is 2.37 dBi. The amplitude lobe level is greater than 8.75 dBi. Figure 5 (b) With a beam scanning range of ±60° in the yoz plane, the maximum gain is 17.50 dBi, the minimum gain is 15.30 dBi, and the gain fluctuation is 2.2 dBi. The amplitude lobe level is greater than 9.5 dBi. Furthermore, Figure 5 (c) and (d) show the cross-polarization during xoz and yoz plane scans. It can be seen that the cross-polarization levels are all greater than 15 dB.

Claims

1. A two-dimensional pattern-reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element, characterized in that, With the Z-axis as the reference, from top to bottom, the following layers are set up in sequence: radiating patch layer (1) of antenna A, dielectric layer one (2), radiating patch layer (3) of antenna B, dielectric layer two (4), ground plane (5), dielectric layer three (6), and Wilkins power layer (7). The radiating patch layer (1) of the antenna A includes an x-polarized antenna Ax (8) and a y-polarized antenna Ay (9). The x-polarized antenna Ax (8) and the y-polarized antenna Ay (9) are arranged diagonally in the radiating patch layer (3) of the antenna B to achieve 2D pattern reconfigurability where y-polarization and x-polarization are simultaneously independently controllable.

2. The two-dimensional pattern-reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center of antenna Ax (8), the center of antenna Ay (9), and the center of the radiating patch layer (3) of antenna B are on the same diagonal. The positions of antenna Ax (8) and antenna Ay (9) to the geometric center of antenna B patch are (dx, -dy) and (-dx, dy), respectively.

3. A two-dimensional pattern-reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The antenna Ax (8) is formed by a rectangular patch slot with a length of pxo and a width of pyi. The length and width of the slot are pxi and pyi, respectively. The center of the slot is connected by a rectangular patch with a length of pxi. Two PIN diodes are loaded on the rectangular patch. The rectangular patch of the antenna Ax (8) has a through hole at its center. From the antenna Ax8 to the Wilkins power layer (7), the radiation patch layer (3) of the antenna B is combined with the x polarization port of the Wilkins power layer (7) to port x.

4. A two-dimensional pattern-reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The antenna Ay (9) is formed by a rectangular patch slot with a length of pxo and a width of pyi. The length and width of the slot are pxi and pyi, respectively. The center of the slot is connected by a rectangular patch with a length of pxi. Two PIN diodes are loaded on the rectangular patch. The rectangular patch of the antenna Ay (9) has a through hole at its center. From the antenna Ay (9) to the Wilkins power layer (7), the circuit is combined with the y-polarization port of the radiating patch layer (3) of the antenna B through a Wilkins power layer (7) to port y. The orientation of the antenna Ay (9) is obtained by rotating the antenna Ax8 by 90°.

5. A two-dimensional pattern-reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Wilkinson power divider includes an RF port (10), port one (11) and port two (12); the three ports are arranged in a T-shape, and the RF energy is fed in through the ports and the RF energy is equally distributed to port one (11) and port two (12). Port 1 (11) is used to connect the y-polarized port of the radiating patch layer (3) of antenna B or the x-polarized port of the radiating patch layer (3) of antenna B, and port 2 (12) is used to connect the through hole of antenna Ay (9) or antenna Ax (8).

6. A two-dimensional pattern-reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radiating patch layer (3) of the antenna B is a dual-polarized antenna with two excitation ports, corresponding to the x-polarized port and the y-polarized port, respectively; The radiating patch layer (3) of antenna B is located at the center of the coordinate system. Four long slots are etched from the four corners of antenna B towards the center. The four long slots are not connected to each other, so that antenna A and antenna B do not overlap.

7. A two-dimensional pattern-reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The x-polarized port of the radiating patch layer (3) of antenna B and the port of antenna Ax (8) are combined into one port using a Wilkins power divider to realize the reconfigurable 2D radiation pattern of the x-polarized antenna. The y-polarized port of the radiating patch layer (3) of antenna B and the port of antenna Ay (9) are combined into one port using a Wilkins power divider to realize the 2D pattern reconfigurability of the y-polarized antenna.

8. A two-dimensional pattern-reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric layers are bonded together using Rogers 4450F.

9. A two-dimensional pattern-reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, A parasitic unit (13) is loaded at the (-dx,-dy) position at the center of the radiating patch layer (3) of the antenna B. The parasitic unit (13) is an n×n metasurface unit. The parasitic unit (13) is used to improve the amplitude lobe level of x-polarization scanning in the yoz plane and y-polarization scanning in the xoz plane, that is, to improve the amplitude lobe level of H plane scanning. The parasitic unit (13) is located in the same layer as the radiating patch layer (1) of the antenna A.

10. A two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna array, comprising an array of n×n two-dimensional pattern reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna elements as described in any one of claims 1-9; the spacing between each element is 51 mm; The DC feeder in the array is connected to the FPGA control terminal via four horn-shaped connectors.

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