Electric energy meter main control power supply management method and system based on switching characteristic of MOSFET
By designing based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs and employing multiple power supply paths and voltage regulation buffer modules, the problem of poor power supply stability in energy meters is solved, and reliable power supply is achieved in complex environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
Electricity meters have poor power supply stability in complex operating environments and are easily affected by external interference, leading to power outages.
The design adopts a MOSFET-based switching characteristic and outputs a first load power supply signal and a second load power supply signal through a first power switching module and a second power switching module, respectively. Power management is achieved by combining a voltage regulator buffer module and a field-effect transistor to realize stable switching of multiple power supply paths.
It improves the power supply stability of the electricity meter, reduces the impact of external interference on the electricity meter, and ensures reliable power supply of the electricity meter in complex environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN121813595A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of circuits, and in particular to a power management method and system for a power meter main control based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs. Background Technology
[0002] With the development of metering instruments and power systems, the requirements for the reliability, lifespan, and accuracy of electricity meters are becoming increasingly stringent, which places higher demands on the design quality of the power management system for electricity meters. As the most critical component of a power system for recording and controlling electrical energy data, the electricity meter plays a crucial role. However, the operating environment of electricity meters is complex and susceptible to various external interferences, which can easily lead to unexpected power outages, resulting in poor power supply stability. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the technical problem of poor power supply stability in existing energy meters, this application provides an energy meter main control power management method and system based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs. In a first aspect, this application provides a main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs, including a first power switching module and a second power switching module; The first end of the first power switching module is electrically connected to the mains input module, the second end of the first power switching module is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter, the third end of the first power switching module is electrically connected to the first power module, the first end of the second power switching module, the mains input module and the first power module are electrically connected, the second end of the second power switching module is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter, and the third end of the second power switching module is electrically connected to the second power module. The first power switching module is used to receive the mains input signal input by the mains input module and the first power input signal input by the first power module, and output the first load power supply signal to the energy meter load according to the mains input signal and the first power input signal; The second power switching module is used to receive the mains input signal input by the mains input module, the second power input signal input by the second power module, and the first power input signal input by the first power module, and output a second load power supply signal to the energy meter load according to the mains input signal, the second power input signal, and the first power input signal; wherein, the first power input signal is greater than the second power input signal.
[0004] Optionally, after receiving the mains input signal and the first power input signal, the first power switching module performs the following steps: Determine the first voltage input value corresponding to the mains power input signal; If the first voltage input value is not within the preset first voltage range, switch to the first conduction state; in the first conduction state, output the first load power supply signal to the energy meter load according to the first power input signal; When the first voltage input value is within a preset first voltage range, the system switches to a first cutoff state, in which the first load power supply signal is stopped from being output to the energy meter load.
[0005] Optionally, after receiving the mains input signal, the second power input signal, and the first power input signal, the second power switching module may perform the following steps: Determine the first voltage input value corresponding to the mains power input signal and the second voltage input value corresponding to the first power input signal; If the first voltage input value does not fall within a preset first voltage range, determine whether the second voltage input value falls within a preset second voltage range; If the second voltage input value is not within the preset second voltage range, switch to the second conduction state; in the second conduction state, output the second load power supply signal to the energy meter load according to the second power input signal; When the second voltage input value is within the preset second voltage range, the system switches to the second cutoff state, and in the second cutoff state, it stops outputting the second load power supply signal to the energy meter load.
[0006] Optionally, it also includes a voltage regulator buffer module, wherein the first end of the voltage regulator buffer module is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter, and the second end of the voltage regulator buffer module is electrically connected to a reference ground; The voltage regulation and buffer module is used to perform voltage regulation and buffering when the first power switching module and the second power switching state are in progress; and when the third voltage value corresponding to the second power input signal is not within the third voltage range, it outputs a buffered load power supply signal to the energy meter load.
[0007] Optionally, the first power switching module includes a first field-effect transistor, the gate of the first field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the mains input module, the drain of the first field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter, and the source of the first field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the first power module.
[0008] Optionally, the second power switching module includes a second field-effect transistor, the gate of the second field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the mains input module and the first power module, the drain of the second field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter, and the source of the second field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the second power module.
[0009] Optionally, it also includes a first power protection module, wherein a first terminal of the first power protection module is electrically connected to the first power module, a second terminal of the first power protection module is electrically connected to the third terminal of the first power switching module, and the third terminal of the first power protection module is electrically connected to a reference ground.
[0010] Optionally, it may also include a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a first capacitor; The first end of the first diode and the first end of the first resistor are electrically connected to the mains input module. The second end of the first diode is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter. The first end of the second diode is electrically connected to the second end of the first power switching module. The second end of the second diode is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter. The second end of the first resistor, the first end of the first capacitor, the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the third diode, and the first end of the first power switching module are electrically connected. The second end of the first capacitor and the second end of the second resistor are electrically connected to reference ground. The second end of the third diode, the second end of the fourth diode, the first end of the third resistor, and the first end of the second power switching module are electrically connected. The second end of the third resistor is electrically connected to reference ground. The first end of the fourth diode is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth resistor. The second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the first power module. The first end of the fifth diode is electrically connected to the second power module. The second end of the fifth diode is electrically connected to the third end of the second power switching module.
[0011] Optionally, the first power protection module includes a linear regulator, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, and a sixth diode; The first terminal of the linear regulator is electrically connected to the first power switching module, the second terminal of the linear regulator is electrically connected to the first power module, the third terminal of the linear regulator is electrically connected to reference ground, the first terminal of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the linear regulator, the second terminal of the second capacitor is electrically connected to reference ground, the first terminal of the third capacitor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the linear regulator, the second terminal of the third capacitor is electrically connected to reference ground, the first terminal of the sixth diode is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor, and the second terminal of the sixth diode is electrically connected to the reference ground provided by the first power input signal.
[0012] Secondly, this application provides a three-phase meter, including the main control power management circuit of the energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFET as described in any of the first aspects.
[0013] The MOSFET-based main control power management method and system for energy meters provided in this application embodiment outputs a first load power supply signal to the energy meter load through a first power switching module based on the mains input signal and a first power input signal; a second power switching module outputs a second load power supply signal to the energy meter load based on the mains input signal, a second power input signal, and the first power input signal. It can output the first load power supply signal and the second power input signal to power the energy meter load according to different situations, solving the technical problem of poor power supply stability in existing related technologies and effectively improving the power supply stability of energy meters. Attached Figure Description
[0014] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main control power management circuit of an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFET provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 The circuit diagram shows a main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs, which is provided as an embodiment of this application.
[0017] Figure Descriptions: 11. First power switching module; 12. Second power switching module; 13. Mains input module; 14. Energy meter load; 15. Second power module; 16. First power module; 17. Voltage regulation and buffer module; 18. First power protection module; R1. First resistor; R2. Second resistor; R3. Third resistor; R4. Fourth resistor; C1. First capacitor; C2. Second capacitor; C3. Third capacitor; D1. First diode; D2. Second diode; D3. Third diode; D4. Fourth diode; D5. Fifth diode; D6. Sixth diode; LDO. Linear regulator. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main control power management circuit of an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFET, provided as an embodiment of this application.
[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, this application discloses an embodiment that provides a main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs, including a first power switching module 11 and a second power switching module 12. The first end of the first power switching module 11 is electrically connected to the mains input module 13, the second end of the first power switching module 11 is electrically connected to the energy meter load 14, the third end of the first power switching module 11 is electrically connected to the first power module 16, the first end of the second power switching module 12 is electrically connected to the mains input module 13 and the first power module 16, the second end of the second power switching module 12 is electrically connected to the energy meter load 14, and the third end of the second power switching module 12 is electrically connected to the second power module 15. The first power switching module 11 is used to receive the mains input signal input from the mains input module 13 and the first power input signal input from the first power module 16, and output the first load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14 according to the mains input signal and the first power input signal. The second power switching module 12 is used to receive the mains input signal input from the mains input module 13, the second power input signal input from the second power module 15, and the first power input signal input from the first power module 16, and output a second load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14 based on the mains input signal, the second power input signal, and the first power input signal; wherein, the first power input signal is greater than the second power input signal.
[0021] In this embodiment, the electricity meter load 14 can represent the necessary functional circuit loads set in the electricity meter, such as the clock circuit and the power outage wake-up circuit. Of course, different circuit loads can be pre-configured for the electricity meter load 14. The mains input module 13 can represent a module used to process the mains power and output a power supply signal. For example, the mains input module 13 can rectify and step down the mains power to output a suitable power supply voltage for the electricity meter load 14. The first power module 16 and the second power module 15 can represent external power modules, such as batteries and energy storage devices, which are used to output power to power the electricity meter load 14 when the mains input is disconnected.
[0022] In addition, the power supply configured in the first power module 16 can identify that the power supply configured in the second power module 15 is larger or can provide a higher voltage, so that the first power input signal is greater than the second power input signal. For example, the power supply configured in the first power module 16 can be a 6V battery power supply, the power supply configured in the second power module 15 can be a 3.6V battery power supply, and the mains input signal input by the mains input module 13 can be a 4V power supply. Of course, the above is only for illustrative purposes, and this embodiment does not make any specific limitations.
[0023] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the first power switching module 11 outputs a first load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14 based on the mains input signal and the first power input signal; the second power switching module 12 outputs a second load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14 based on the mains input signal, the second power input signal, and the first power input signal. It can output the first load power supply signal and the second load power supply signal to supply power to the energy meter load 14 according to the different situations of the mains input signal, the first power input signal, and the second power input signal currently input to the system, thereby solving the technical problem of poor power supply stability of energy meters in the existing related technologies and effectively improving the power supply stability of energy meters.
[0024] In an optional embodiment of this application, after receiving the mains input signal and the first power input signal, the first power switching module 11 performs the following steps: Determine the first voltage input value corresponding to the mains power input signal; If the first voltage input value is not within the preset first voltage range, switch to the first conduction state; in the first conduction state, output the first load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14 according to the first power input signal; When the first voltage input value is within the preset first voltage range, the system switches to the first cutoff state. In the first cutoff state, the first load power supply signal is stopped from being output to the energy meter load 14.
[0025] In this embodiment, after receiving the mains input signal and the first power input signal, the first power switching module 11 first determines the first voltage input value corresponding to the mains input signal. The first voltage input value represents the voltage value of the mains input signal. Then, it determines whether the first voltage input value belongs to a preset first voltage range, which can represent the normal input voltage range of the mains input signal. If the first voltage input value does not belong to the preset first voltage range, it indicates that there is an abnormality in the current mains output signal, such as a short circuit, open circuit, power outage, etc., resulting in an input voltage that is too low or too high. At this time, the first power switching module 11 can switch to a first conduction state. In the first conduction state, it can output a first load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14 according to the first power input signal. If the first voltage input value belongs to the preset first voltage range, it indicates that the current mains output signal is a normal input. At this time, the first power switching module 11 can switch to a first cutoff state. In the first cutoff state, it stops outputting the first load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14.
[0026] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the electricity meter load 14 is also electrically connected to the mains input module 13. That is, when the mains input module 13 is normally inputting the mains output signal, the electricity meter load 14 can be directly powered by the mains input module 13.
[0027] In an optional embodiment of this application, after receiving the mains input signal, the second power input signal, and the first power input signal, the second power switching module 12 can perform the following steps: Determine the first voltage input value corresponding to the mains power input signal and the second voltage input value corresponding to the first power supply input signal; If the first voltage input value does not fall within the preset first voltage range, determine whether the second voltage input value falls within the preset second voltage range. If the second voltage input value is not within the preset second voltage range, switch to the second conduction state; in the second conduction state, output the second load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14 according to the second power input signal; When the second voltage input value is within the preset second voltage range, the system switches to the second cutoff state. In the second cutoff state, the output of the second load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14 is stopped.
[0028] In this embodiment, after receiving the mains input signal, the second power input signal, and the first power input signal, the second power switching module 12 can first determine the first voltage input value corresponding to the mains input signal and the second voltage input value corresponding to the first power input signal, respectively. Then, it can determine whether the first voltage input value belongs to a preset first voltage range. If the first voltage input value does not belong to the preset first voltage range, it indicates that the current mains output signal is abnormal. Then, it can determine whether the second voltage input value belongs to a preset second voltage range. The preset second voltage range represents the voltage range of the first power input signal when the first power module 16 normally outputs the first power input signal. If the second voltage input value is not within the preset second voltage range, it indicates that the first power module 16 cannot output the first power input signal normally, such as when there is an abnormality like a short circuit, open circuit, or power outage, resulting in an input voltage that is too low or too high. In this case, the second power switching module 12 can switch to the second conduction state. In the second conduction state, it outputs the second load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14 according to the second power input signal. If the second voltage input value is within the preset second voltage range, it indicates that the first power module 16 is outputting the first power input signal normally. In this case, the second power switching module 12 can switch to the second cutoff state. In the second cutoff state, it stops outputting the second load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14.
[0029] It should be noted that when the first voltage input value is within the preset first voltage range, the second power switching module 13 can also perform the step of "switching to the second cutoff state, and stopping the output of the second load power supply signal to the energy meter load in the second cutoff state". That is, when the mains input signal is normally input by the mains input module 13, the second power switching module 13 will be in the second cutoff state for a while. This allows the main control power management circuit of the energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFET to output power step by step according to the priority logic of the mains input module 13, the first power module 16, and the second power module 15. That is, only when the preceding module of each module cannot output the power supply signal normally can the power supply signal be output to the energy meter load 14 in sequence.
[0030] In an optional embodiment of this application, a voltage regulator buffer module 17 is further included. The first end of the voltage regulator buffer module 17 is electrically connected to the electricity meter load 14, and the second end of the voltage regulator buffer module 17 is electrically connected to the reference ground. The voltage regulation and buffer module 17 is used to perform voltage regulation and buffering when the first power switching module 11 and the second power switching state are in progress; and when the third voltage value corresponding to the second power input signal is not within the third voltage range, it outputs a buffered load power supply signal to the energy meter load 14.
[0031] In this embodiment, the voltage regulation and buffer module 17 may include a supercapacitor, so that the voltage regulation and buffer module 17 can perform voltage regulation and buffering when the first power switching module 11 and the second power switching state are in progress; and when the third voltage value corresponding to the second power input signal is not within the third voltage range, the buffer load power supply signal is output to the energy meter load 14.
[0032] In one example, when the mains input signal from the mains input module 13 is normally supplied to the energy meter load 14, the mains input signal can simultaneously charge the supercapacitor of the voltage regulator module 17. When the mains input signal is abnormal, and the first power switching module 11 and the second power switching state are in operation, the supercapacitor will act as a voltage regulator. When the mains input module 13, the first power module 16, and the second power module 15 all fail abnormally, the supercapacitor can still supply power to the energy meter load 14 for a period of time; thus improving the anti-interference and stability of the energy meter main control power management circuit based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs.
[0033] In existing related technologies, the switching control of circuits is usually achieved by using chips, such as power management chips or voltage monitoring chips. Although using chips can control circuit switching, the operating environment of electricity meters is relatively complex and is easily affected by external interference, which can cause chip latch-up or functional failure, i.e., abnormal chip operation, and thus lead to the overall abnormality of the electricity meter.
[0034] like Figure 2 In an optional embodiment of this application, the first power switching module 11 includes a first field-effect transistor, the gate of the first field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the mains input module 13, the drain of the first field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the energy meter load 14, and the source of the first field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the first power module 16.
[0035] like Figure 2 In an optional embodiment of this application, the second power switching module 12 includes a second field-effect transistor. The gate of the second field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the mains input module 13 and the first power module 16. The drain of the second field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the energy meter load 14. The source of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the second power module 15.
[0036] In this embodiment, the first power switching module 11 and the second power switching module 12 are controlled by field-effect transistors, specifically P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, i.e., P-channel MOSFETs; the specific operation is as follows: 1. Normal AC Power Supply Mode: When the system is powered on, the 4V AC power input signal from the AC power input module 13 supplies power to the energy meter load 14. The first and second field-effect transistors do not participate in the power supply circuit because their gates are at a high level (off state). Alternatively, if the second power input signal from the second power module 15 is abnormal or stops (power off), the 4V AC power input signal provides a high level to the gate of the second field-effect transistor, keeping the circuit of the first power module 16 disconnected, resulting in no power consumption.
[0037] 2. Power supply mode of the first power module 16: When the mains input signal input by the mains input module 13 is abnormal or stops (power off), the gate of the first field-effect transistor turns to low level (conduction state). At this time, the first load power supply signal can be output to the energy meter load 14 according to the first power input signal output by the first power module 16.
[0038] 3. Power supply mode of the second power module 15: When the mains input signal input by the system mains input module 13 is abnormal or stops input (power off), and the first power input signal input by the first power module 16 is also abnormal or stops input (power off), the gate of the second field-effect transistor turns to a low level (conduction state). At this time, the second load power supply signal can be output to the energy meter load 14 according to the second power input signal output by the second power module 15.
[0039] In this embodiment, the use of a first field-effect transistor and a second field-effect transistor for power switching has at least the following effects: 1. Two P-channel MOSFETs are used to replace traditional diodes, transistors, and control relying on external triggering and control chips. This reduces costs while effectively avoiding problems such as internal chip failure, interference, or breakdown damage.
[0040] 2. Compared with existing power control schemes, the P-channel MOSFET selected in this scheme has lower drive current, lower power consumption, shorter response delay, higher input impedance than transistors when cut off, and good thermal stability, effectively ensuring the reliability requirements that the meter should meet.
[0041] 3. Based on actual testing, this solution has ±9kV level electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection, good electromagnetic compatibility performance, and can meet the relevant technical specifications of the electricity meter load in aspect 14.
[0042] 4. Under normal power supply conditions, when the mains input signal input to the mains input module 13 is normal, the gates of the first and second field-effect transistors in this scheme are both in a high-level state, which can shut down all battery paths and eliminate voltage difference competition.
[0043] 5. During the power switching process between the first and second field-effect transistors, the voltage fluctuation is extremely low (fluctuation does not exceed 50mV); the switching delay does not exceed 0.1ms, effectively ensuring the stable power supply of the voltage (Vout-MCU) output to the main control chip of the energy meter.
[0044] 6. When any power supply is short-circuited, the first and second field-effect transistors will be in the off state. Together with the anti-reverse current diode in the circuit, it can effectively block the reverse current and avoid cascading failure.
[0045] 7. Under normal mains power supply conditions, the first and second field-effect transistors are in the off state (impedance > 10MΩ, reverse leakage current < 0.1μA). Combined with the low-power LDO (U1 static current is only 1μA), the total current loss of the second power module 15 can be reduced to 1μA, which helps to improve the life of the meter's 3.6V battery.
[0046] like Figure 2 In an optional embodiment of this application, a first power protection module 18 is further included. The first end of the first power protection module 18 is electrically connected to the first power module 16, the second end of the first power protection module 18 is electrically connected to the third end of the first power switching module 11, and the third end of the first power protection module 18 is electrically connected to the reference ground.
[0047] like Figure 2 In an optional embodiment of this application, the first power protection module 18 includes a linear regulator LDO, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a sixth diode D6. The first terminal of the linear regulator LDO is electrically connected to the first power switching module 11, the second terminal of the linear regulator LDO is electrically connected to the first power module 16, the third terminal of the linear regulator LDO is electrically connected to the reference ground, the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the linear regulator LDO, the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the reference ground, the first terminal of the third capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the linear regulator LDO, the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the reference ground provided by the first power input signal.
[0048] As can be seen, in this embodiment, when the mains power is normally supplied, the first power module 16 will flow through the fourth resistor R4 to the fourth diode D4, and then through the third resistor R3 to ground (GND), forming a loop when not in use and generating a certain amount of current consumption. Simultaneously, a linear regulator (LDO) is configured to step down the second power input signal to the first power module 16 to 3.6V, matching the voltage of other power signals in the system. This ensures that the first power module 16 is not completely unused, helping to prevent battery passivation while maintaining battery life and power consumption.
[0049] like Figure 2 In an optional embodiment of this application, the device further includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a first capacitor C1. The first terminal of the first diode D1 and the first terminal of the first resistor R1 are electrically connected to the mains input module 13. The second terminal of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the energy meter load 14. The first terminal of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first power switching module 11. The second terminal of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the energy meter load 14. The second terminal of the first resistor R1, the first terminal of the first capacitor C1, the second terminal of the second resistor R2, the first terminal of the third diode D3, and the first terminal of the first power switching module 11 are electrically connected. The second terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the first terminal of the second resistor R2 are electrically connected to the reference ground. The second terminal of the third diode D3, the second terminal of the fourth diode D4, the first terminal of the third resistor R3, and the first terminal of the second power switching module 12 are electrically connected. The second terminal of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the reference ground. The first terminal of the fourth diode D4 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4. The second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the first power module 16. The first terminal of the fifth diode D5 is electrically connected to the second power module 15. The second terminal of the fifth diode D5 is electrically connected to the third terminal of the second power switching module 12.
[0050] This application also provides a main power management system for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs, which may include the main power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs as described in any of the foregoing embodiments; it may also include an energy meter, wherein the main power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs may be configured inside the energy meter or may be configured to be electrically connected to the energy meter, and the energy meter contains multiple energy meter loads; this embodiment does not specifically limit this.
[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0052] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of the embodiments described in this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.
[0053] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.
Claims
1. A main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs, characterized in that, Includes a first power switching module and a second power switching module; The first end of the first power switching module is electrically connected to the mains input module, the second end of the first power switching module is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter, the third end of the first power switching module is electrically connected to the first power module, the first end of the second power switching module, the mains input module and the first power module are electrically connected, the second end of the second power switching module is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter, and the third end of the second power switching module is electrically connected to the second power module. The first power switching module is used to receive the mains input signal input by the mains input module and the first power input signal input by the first power module, and output the first load power supply signal to the energy meter load according to the mains input signal and the first power input signal; The second power switching module is used to receive the mains input signal input by the mains input module, the second power input signal input by the second power module, and the first power input signal input by the first power module, and output a second load power supply signal to the energy meter load according to the mains input signal, the second power input signal, and the first power input signal; wherein, the first power input signal is greater than the second power input signal.
2. The main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs according to claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the mains input signal and the first power input signal, the first power switching module performs the following steps: Determine the first voltage input value corresponding to the mains power input signal; If the first voltage input value does not fall within the preset first voltage range, switch to the first conduction state; In the first conduction state, the first load power supply signal is output to the energy meter load according to the first power input signal; When the first voltage input value is within a preset first voltage range, the system switches to a first cutoff state, and in the first cutoff state, it stops outputting the first load power supply signal to the energy meter load.
3. The main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs according to claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the mains input signal, the second power input signal, and the first power input signal, the second power switching module can perform the following steps: Determine the first voltage input value corresponding to the mains power input signal and the second voltage input value corresponding to the first power input signal; If the first voltage input value does not fall within a preset first voltage range, determine whether the second voltage input value falls within a preset second voltage range; If the second voltage input value does not fall within the preset second voltage range, switch to the second conduction state; In the second conduction state, the second load power supply signal is output to the energy meter load according to the second power input signal; When the second voltage input value is within the preset second voltage range, the system switches to the second cutoff state, and in the second cutoff state, it stops outputting the second load power supply signal to the energy meter load.
4. The main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage regulator and buffer module, the first end of which is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter, and the second end of which is electrically connected to a reference ground; The voltage regulation and buffer module is used to perform voltage regulation and buffering when the first power switching module and the second power switching state are in progress; and when the third voltage value corresponding to the second power input signal is not within the third voltage range, it outputs a buffered load power supply signal to the energy meter load.
5. The main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first power switching module includes a first field-effect transistor, the gate of the first field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the mains input module, the drain of the first field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the energy meter load, and the source of the first field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the first power module.
6. The main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second power switching module includes a second field-effect transistor. The gate of the second field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the mains input module and the first power module. The drain of the second field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter. The source of the second field-effect transistor is electrically connected to the second power module.
7. The main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first power protection module, the first end of which is electrically connected to the first power module, the second end of which is electrically connected to the third end of the first power switching module, and the third end of which is electrically connected to reference ground.
8. The main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a first capacitor; The first end of the first diode and the first end of the first resistor are electrically connected to the mains input module. The second end of the first diode is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter. The first end of the second diode is electrically connected to the second end of the first power switching module. The second end of the second diode is electrically connected to the load of the energy meter. The second end of the first resistor, the first end of the first capacitor, the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the third diode, and the first end of the first power switching module are electrically connected. The second end of the first capacitor and the second end of the second resistor are electrically connected to reference ground. The second end of the third diode, the second end of the fourth diode, the first end of the third resistor, and the first end of the second power switching module are electrically connected. The second end of the third resistor is electrically connected to reference ground. The first end of the fourth diode is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth resistor. The second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the first power module. The first end of the fifth diode is electrically connected to the second power module. The second end of the fifth diode is electrically connected to the third end of the second power switching module.
9. The main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first power protection module includes a linear regulator, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, and a sixth diode; The first terminal of the linear regulator is electrically connected to the first power switching module, the second terminal of the linear regulator is electrically connected to the first power module, the third terminal of the linear regulator is electrically connected to reference ground, the first terminal of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the linear regulator, the second terminal of the second capacitor is electrically connected to reference ground, the first terminal of the third capacitor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the linear regulator, the second terminal of the third capacitor is electrically connected to reference ground, the first terminal of the sixth diode is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor, and the second terminal of the sixth diode is electrically connected to the reference ground provided by the first power input signal.
10. A main control power management system for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs, characterized in that, The main control power management circuit for an energy meter based on the switching characteristics of MOSFETs, as described in any one of claims 1-9.