SOD (superoxide dismutase) and organic selenium double-enhanced functional rice and probiotic ecological cultivation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and provides SOD (superoxide dismutase) and organic selenium double-enhanced functional rice and a probiotic ecological cultivation method thereof. Comprising the following steps: preparing an SOD (superoxide dismutase) solution, preparing a compound probiotic fermentation solution, preparing an organic selenium mixed solution, soaking seeds, growing seedlings in a greenhouse, managing in a seedling stage of the greenhouse, conditioning before field transplanting, treating seedlings in a transplanting stage, treating in a growing stage of the field, and harvesting rice. The synergistic enrichment of SOD and organic selenium in rice is realized through the absorption promotion of probiotics, the directional induction of an SOD superoxide dismutase solution, the precise application of an organic selenium mixed solution, the whole ecological planting process and the reduction of environmental pollution, and the two indexes are both superior to those of the existing single strengthening technology. The rice still contains SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity, and meets the requirements of green agriculture and sustainable development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crop cultivation technology, specifically to a method for ecological cultivation of SOD superoxide dismutase-enhanced functional rice and its probiotics. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of people's living standards and the enhancement of health awareness, the demand for functional foods with specific nutritional and health benefits is becoming increasingly urgent. As the staple food of more than half of the world's population, rice is an ideal carrier for nutritional fortification.

[0003] Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an important antioxidant enzyme in living organisms that specifically scavenges superoxide anion free radicals, earning it the reputation of a "scavenger of the human body." It plays a vital role in delaying aging, enhancing immunity, and reducing inflammation. However, SOD is a biological macromolecule, and traditional oral administration methods easily lead to its inactivation through digestion and breakdown in the gastrointestinal tract, making it difficult to absorb effectively.

[0004] Selenium is an essential trace element for the human body, possessing functions such as anti-cancer, antioxidant, and immune-boosting properties. Inorganic selenium (such as sodium selenite) is highly toxic and has low bioavailability, while organic selenium formed through biotransformation (such as selenomethionine) is safer and more easily absorbed and utilized by the human body.

[0005] Currently, some selenium-enriched rice exists on the market, but its functions are limited. Rice products that simultaneously achieve dual fortification with SOD and organic selenium are still rare. Existing SOD fortification technologies mostly employ exogenous spraying or genetic engineering methods. The former makes it difficult to stably retain SOD activity inside the rice grain, while the latter faces controversies regarding the safety of genetically modified organisms and regulatory obstacles. In addition, the heavy use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in traditional rice cultivation not only leads to soil compaction and water pollution but also affects the quality and safety of rice.

[0006] Therefore, developing a cultivation method that can stably store highly active SOD in rice grains and simultaneously enrich organic selenium while taking into account ecological and environmental protection is of great significance for increasing the added value of rice and promoting the development of healthy agriculture. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a functional rice with dual fortification of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and organic selenium. The rice after dehulling not only has high SOD activity and rich organic selenium content, but also has SOD that is endogenously absorbed and fixed by the rice grains, exhibiting good stability. Furthermore, the rice cultivated using this method still contains SOD superoxide dismutase activity after being cooked.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide a probiotic ecological cultivation method for the above-mentioned functional rice. This method uses probiotic fermentation technology to prepare bio-fortifiers, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and achieving the goal of ecological, high-yield, and high-quality cultivation.

[0009] The technical solution of this invention is: A functional rice with dual fortification of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and organic selenium, wherein the SOD activity in the hulled rice is not less than 20,000 U / 100g; the organic selenium content is not less than 0.2 mg / kg, and the proportion of organic selenium to total selenium is not less than 85%.

[0010] A method for the ecological cultivation of probiotics in SOD- and organic selenium-enriched functional rice is as follows: a: Soaking seeds; Selected high-quality rice varieties are pre-treated before soaking. After treatment, the seeds are soaked in a solution containing a chemical solution that meets production standards for 12-72 hours. After that, they are taken out and drained for 2-8 hours. Then they are soaked again in a prepared SOD superoxide dismutase solution for 12-72 hours. After that, they are taken out and spread out to air dry naturally for 12-72 hours. b: Seedling cultivation in the greenhouse; Germination and seedling cultivation in a probiotic environment. Before laying the seedbed, first lay the drip irrigation equipment under the film and spray the compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 10-80 times to improve the soil micro-ecological environment. After the adjustment is correct, prepare the seedbed, seedbed soil, and seedling trays. Then put the rice seeds into the bed and spray the seedbed with water for the first time. The spraying should be thorough and the water should soak the seedbed soil. The soil under the greenhouse should be moistened to a thickness of not less than 5cm. c: Greenhouse seedling stage; During the greenhouse seedling stage management period, it is required to continuously apply SOD superoxide dismutase solution by spraying water in combination with drip irrigation under film according to the weather and actual conditions. The application rate of the solution during this stage is 0.05-0.5L / ㎡. During the two critical growth stages, the "two-leaf-one-heart stage" requires artificial spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution at a rate of 0.05-0.5 L / m² once; and during the "early stage of seedling transplanting," the "two-leaf-one-heart stage" requires artificial spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution at a rate of 0.05-0.5 L / m² once. d: Preparation and treatment before transplanting in the field; deep plowing of the land to turn rice straw and tillers into the bottom layer of 20-30cm; breaking up the plow pan to increase soil temperature, activate and aerate the soil; applying compound probiotic fermentation liquid and then covering the soil, flooding the field and letting it stand for 1-5 days, then flooding again, leveling the soil and letting it stand until the seedlings are transplanted; Apply 50-200 kg of rice-specific organic fertilizer per mu; Apply pre-emergence herbicide that meets national standards and has no pesticide residues for weed prevention. Apply once using a drone, diluted 500-2000 times. e: Seedling transplanting period; Before transplanting seedlings, prepare the field soil for rice planting. After the preparation is completed, spray the SOD superoxide dismutase solution + compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture at 50-80L / hectare using drones before transplanting. After spraying, let the field stand for more than 12 hours before transplanting seedlings. f: Field growing season; In terms of pest and disease management during the field growing season of rice, the application of pesticides should be reduced to 2 / 3 of the normal amount, and the application of pesticides and the spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution should not be at the same time, and a minimum of 12 hours of protection period should be maintained. During the rice field growth period, SOD (superoxide dismutase) solution is sprayed using drones. It is mainly sprayed sequentially at the heading stage, mid-grain filling stage, and late-grain filling stage, with an application rate of 50-80 L / hectare of SOD solution. After a 7-day interval between each stage, 50-200 L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone. The application of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture during the rice field growth period is carried out by drone spraying. It is mainly applied in sequence at the stages of "post-transplanting, early tillering, and late tillering" of rice, with an application rate of 50-80 L / hectare of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture. After a 7-day interval between each stage, 50-80 L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble organic fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone. g: Rice harvesting; Rice is harvested manually. After harvesting, the rice is stacked with stalks in the field to air dry naturally, which promotes the return of nutrients from the rice straw to the rice grains, allowing for complete nutrient absorption. After natural drying, the rice is threshed and harvested within 7 days after the first frost. After harvesting, the rice is dried in the drying yard until the moisture content is reduced to 10%-18% before being stored in warehouses. Before the rice is stored in the warehouse, a comprehensive disinfection and rodent, waterproofing, and mold prevention measures must be carried out to ensure the safe storage of the rice.

[0011] Preferably, the compound probiotic fermentation broth is prepared by fermenting 30-50 parts by weight of yeast, 20-35 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 20-35 parts by weight of Streptococcus thermophilus, 15-25 parts by weight of Bacillus subtilis, 35-60 parts by weight of Lactobacillus plantarum, 30-55 parts by weight of Bacillus licheniformis, 15-35 parts by weight of rhizobium, 10-30 parts by weight of Trichoderma, 10-30 parts by weight of actinomycetes, and 10-30 parts by weight of Bacillus megaterium, with a total viable count ≥10^8 CFU / mL, in a culture medium containing molasses, soybean meal, fish meal and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, at 20-35°C for 48-96 hours.

[0012] Preferably, the SOD superoxide dismutase solution is composed of a compound probiotic fermentation broth and a plant extract rich in polysaccharides, with a volume ratio of 100:10-30, and the activation conditions are 6-12 hours at 20-35℃.

[0013] Preferably, the organic selenium mixture is composed of a compound probiotic fermentation broth and a sodium selenite solution in a volume ratio of 100:1-5, and the culture conditions are 20-40℃ in the dark for 12-72 hours.

[0014] Preferably, the compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 50-500 times is used for biological control of pests and diseases.

[0015] Preferably, after the rice is stored at room temperature and away from light for 100 days, its SOD activity retention rate is not less than 80%.

[0016] Preferably, the SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity in the cooked rice is not less than 100 U / g.

[0017] Beneficial Effects: This invention provides a method for the ecological cultivation of SOD superoxide dismutase-enhanced functional rice and its probiotics, which has the following beneficial effects compared with existing technologies: This invention achieves dual fortification of rice with SOD and organic selenium, resulting in rice with strong antioxidant capacity and high selenium utilization rate (conversion rate >80%). It utilizes probiotics to improve soil microecology, enhance nutrient utilization, and strengthen rice's stress resistance. The cultivation process is eco-friendly, reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and is suitable for large-scale production.

[0018] This invention utilizes fully ecological farming methods, and tests have shown no pesticide residues, reducing environmental pollution, lowering the risk of paddy field contamination, and improving rice safety, thus meeting the needs of green agriculture and sustainable development.

[0019] This invention utilizes probiotic metabolites as biological induction signals to stimulate rice to produce and accumulate SOD within the grains, rather than simply adding it from the outside. Through probiotic absorption promotion, targeted induction with SOD superoxide dismutase solution, and precise application of organic selenium mixture, the synergistic enrichment of SOD and organic selenium in rice is achieved, with both indicators being superior to existing single fortification technologies.

[0020] Rice grown using the method of this invention, after being dehulled, still contains SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity when cooked. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0022] This invention provides a technical solution: A method for the ecological cultivation of probiotics in SOD- and organic selenium-fortified functional rice includes the following steps: Preparation of SOD superoxide dismutase solution: Mix the compound probiotic fermentation broth and the polysaccharide-rich plant extract at a volume ratio of 100:10-30, and activate at 20-35℃ for 6-12 hours.

[0023] Preparation of compound probiotic fermentation broth: 30-50 parts by weight of yeast, 20-35 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 20-35 parts by weight of Streptococcus thermophilus, 15-25 parts by weight of Bacillus subtilis, 35-60 parts by weight of Lactobacillus plantarum, 30-55 parts by weight of Bacillus licheniformis, 15-35 parts by weight of rhizobium, 10-30 parts by weight of Trichoderma, 10-30 parts by weight of actinomycetes, and 10-30 parts by weight of Bacillus megaterium, with a total viable count ≥10^8 CFU / mL. Fermentation is carried out at 20-35℃ for 48-96 hours in a culture medium containing molasses, soybean meal, fish meal, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0024] Preparation of organic selenium mixture: Mix compound probiotic fermentation broth with sodium selenite solution at a volume ratio of 100:1-5, and incubate at 20-40℃ in the dark for 12-72 hours.

[0025] a: Soaking seeds; Selected high-quality rice varieties are pre-treated before soaking. After treatment, the seeds are soaked in a solution containing a chemical solution that meets production standards for 12-72 hours. After that, they are taken out and drained for 2-8 hours. Then they are soaked again in a prepared SOD superoxide dismutase solution for 12-72 hours. After that, they are taken out and spread out to air dry naturally for 12-72 hours. b: Seedling cultivation in the greenhouse; Germination and seedling cultivation in a probiotic environment. Before laying the seedbed, first lay the drip irrigation equipment under the film and spray the compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 10-80 times to improve the soil micro-ecological environment. After the adjustment is correct, prepare the seedbed, seedbed soil, and seedling trays. Then put the rice seeds into the bed and spray the seedbed with water for the first time. The spraying should be thorough and the water should soak the seedbed soil. The soil under the greenhouse should be moistened to a thickness of not less than 5cm. c: Greenhouse seedling stage; During the greenhouse seedling stage management period, it is required to continuously apply SOD superoxide dismutase solution by spraying water in combination with drip irrigation under film according to the weather and actual conditions. The application rate of the solution during this stage is 0.05-0.5L / ㎡. During the two critical growth stages, the "two-leaf-one-heart stage" requires artificial spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution at a rate of 0.05-0.5 L / m² once; and during the "early stage of seedling transplanting," the "two-leaf-one-heart stage" requires artificial spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution at a rate of 0.05-0.5 L / m² once. d: Preparation and treatment before transplanting in the field; deep plowing of the land to turn rice straw and tillers into the bottom layer of 20-30cm; breaking up the plow pan to increase soil temperature, activate and aerate the soil; applying compound probiotic fermentation liquid and then covering the soil (the compound probiotic fermentation liquid is mainly used for nutrient soil reduction and decomposition of straw and tillers, promoting efficient straw return to the field); soaking the field with water for 1-5 days and then watering again; leveling the soil and letting it stand until the seedlings are transplanted. Apply 50-200 kg of rice-specific organic fertilizer per mu (1000㎡); Apply pre-emergence herbicide that meets national standards and has no pesticide residues for weed prevention. Apply once using a drone, diluted 500-2000 times. e: Seedling transplanting period; Before transplanting seedlings, prepare the field soil for rice planting. Before transplanting seedlings (before transplanting), use drones to spray 50-80L / hectare of SOD superoxide dismutase solution + compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture (avoid high temperature and strong wind weather during spraying). After spraying, let the field stand for more than 12 hours before transplanting seedlings. f: Field growing season; In terms of pest and disease management during the field growing season of rice, use compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 50-500 times for biological control of pests and diseases. The application of pesticides should be reduced to 2 / 3 of the normal application amount, and the application of pesticides and the spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution should not be at the same time, and a minimum protection period of 12 hours should be maintained. During the rice field growth period, SOD (superoxide dismutase) solution is sprayed using drones. It is mainly sprayed sequentially at the heading stage, mid-grain filling stage, and late-grain filling stage, with an application rate of 50-80 L / hectare of SOD solution. After a 7-day interval between each stage, 50-200 L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone. The application of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture during the rice field growth period is carried out by drone spraying. It is mainly applied in sequence at the stages of "post-transplanting, early tillering, and late tillering" of rice, with an application rate of 50-80 L / hectare of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture. After a 7-day interval between each stage, 50-80 L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble organic fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone. g: Rice harvesting; Rice is harvested manually. After harvesting, the rice is stacked with stalks in the field to air dry naturally, which promotes the return of nutrients from the rice straw to the rice grains, allowing for complete nutrient absorption. After natural drying, the rice is threshed and harvested within 7 days after the first frost. After harvesting, the rice is dried in the drying yard until the moisture content is reduced to 10%-18% before being stored in warehouses. Before the rice is stored in the warehouse, a comprehensive disinfection and rodent, waterproofing, and mold prevention measures must be carried out to ensure the safe storage of the rice.

[0026] The SOD and organic selenium-enhanced functional rice prepared by the above methods has the following characteristics: the SOD superoxide dismutase activity in the hulled rice is not less than 20,000 U / 100g; the organic selenium content in the rice is not less than 0.2 mg / kg, and the proportion of organic selenium to total selenium is not less than 85%; after the rice is cooked at high temperature, it still contains SOD superoxide dismutase activity, and after being stored at room temperature and away from light for 100 days, the SOD activity retention rate is not less than 80%; the SOD superoxide dismutase activity in the cooked rice is not less than 100 U / g.

[0027] Example 1: Preparation of SOD superoxide dismutase solution: The compound probiotic fermentation broth and the plant extract made from mulberry leaves were mixed at a volume ratio of 100:10 after being pulped with distilled water, extracted at 30°C for 2 hours, centrifuged at 10000r / min for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was collected. The mixture was then activated at 20°C for 12 hours.

[0028] Preparation of compound probiotic fermentation broth: 30 parts by weight of yeast, 20-35 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 20 parts by weight of Streptococcus thermophilus, 15 parts by weight of Bacillus subtilis, 35 parts by weight of Lactobacillus plantarum, 30 parts by weight of Bacillus licheniformis, 15 parts by weight of rhizobium, 10 parts by weight of Trichoderma, 10 parts by weight of actinomycetes, and 10 parts by weight of Bacillus megaterium, with a total viable count ≥10^8 CFU / mL, fermented at 35℃ for 48 hours in a culture medium containing molasses, soybean meal, fish meal and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0029] Preparation of organic selenium mixture: Mix the compound probiotic fermentation broth with sodium selenite solution at a volume ratio of 100:1 and incubate at 30°C in the dark for 24 hours.

[0030] a: Seed soaking: Selected high-quality rice varieties are pre-treated before soaking. After treatment, the seeds are soaked in a solution containing a drug that meets production standards for 24 hours. After that, they are taken out and drained for 6 hours. Then they are soaked again in a prepared SOD superoxide dismutase solution for 24 hours. After that, they are taken out and spread out to air dry naturally for 24 hours. b: Seedling cultivation in greenhouse: Germination and seedling cultivation are carried out in a probiotic environment. Before laying the seedbed, drip irrigation equipment under film is laid first, and compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 20 times is sprayed to improve the soil micro-ecological environment. After the adjustment is correct, the seedbed is prepared, the seedbed soil is prepared, the seedling trays are prepared, and then the rice seeds are put into the bed. The seedbed is sprayed with water for the first time. It is required that the spraying is thorough and the water soaks the seedbed soil. The soil under the greenhouse is moistened to a thickness of not less than 5cm. c: Greenhouse seedling stage: During the greenhouse seedling stage management, it is required to continuously apply SOD superoxide dismutase solution by spraying water and drip irrigation under film according to the weather and actual conditions. The application rate of the solution during this stage is 0.5L / ㎡. During the two critical growth stages, the "two-leaf-one-heart stage" requires artificial spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution at a rate of 0.5 L / m² once; and the "early stage before seedling transplanting" requires artificial spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution at a rate of 0.5 L / m² once. d: Preparatory treatment before transplanting in the field: Deeply plow the land to turn the rice straw and tillers into the bottom layer of the soil 20-30cm deep; break up the plow pan to increase soil temperature, activate the soil, and improve aeration; apply compound probiotic fermentation liquid and then cover the soil (the compound probiotic fermentation liquid is mainly used for the nutrient soil reduction and decomposition of straw and tillers, promoting efficient straw return to the field); flood the field and let it stand for 1-5 days; flood the field again; level the soil and let it stand until the seedlings are transplanted. Apply 100 kg of rice-specific organic fertilizer per mu (1000㎡); Spray pre-emergence herbicides that meet national standards and are free of pesticide residues to prevent weeds. Spray once using a drone, diluted 1000 times. e: Seedling transplanting period: Before transplanting seedlings, prepare the field soil for rice planting. Before transplanting seedlings (before transplanting), use drones to spray 80L / hectare of SOD superoxide dismutase solution + compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture (avoid high temperature and strong wind weather during spraying). After spraying, let the field stand for more than 12 hours before transplanting seedlings. f: Field growing season: In terms of pest and disease management during the field growing season of rice, use compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 100 times for biological control of pests and diseases. The application of pesticides should be reduced to 2 / 3 of the normal application amount, and the application of pesticides and the spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution should not be at the same time, and a minimum protection period of 12 hours should be maintained. The application of SOD superoxide dismutase solution during the rice field growth period is carried out by drone spraying. It is mainly sprayed in sequence during the "heading stage, mid-grain filling stage and late grain filling stage", with an application rate of 80L / hectare of SOD superoxide dismutase solution. After a 7-day interval between each stage, 100L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone. The application of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture during the rice field growth period is carried out by drone spraying. It is mainly applied in sequence at the stages of "post-transplanting, early tillering, and late tillering" of rice, with an application rate of 80L / hectare of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture. After a 7-day interval between each stage, 80L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble organic fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone. g: Rice harvesting: Rice is harvested manually. After harvesting, the rice is stacked with stalks in the field to air dry naturally, which promotes the return of nutrients from the rice straw to the rice grains, allowing for complete nutrient absorption. After natural drying, the rice is threshed and harvested within 7 days after the first frost. After harvesting, the rice is dried in the drying yard until the moisture content is reduced to 10%-18% before being stored in warehouses. Example 2: Preparation of SOD superoxide dismutase solution: The compound probiotic fermentation broth and the plant extract made from mulberry leaves were mixed at a volume ratio of 100:20 after being pulped with distilled water, extracted at 30°C for 2 hours, centrifuged at 10000r / min for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was collected. The mixture was then activated at 28°C for 8 hours.

[0031] Preparation of compound probiotic fermentation broth: 40 parts by weight of yeast, 25 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 25 parts by weight of Streptococcus thermophilus, 20 parts by weight of Bacillus subtilis, 40 parts by weight of Lactobacillus plantarum, 40 parts by weight of Bacillus licheniformis, 20 parts by weight of Rhizobium, 20 parts by weight of Trichoderma, 20 parts by weight of actinomycetes, and 15 parts by weight of Bacillus megaterium, with a total viable count ≥10^8 CFU / mL, fermented at 20℃ for 48 hours in a culture medium containing molasses, soybean meal, fish meal and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0032] Preparation of organic selenium mixture: Mix the compound probiotic fermentation broth with sodium selenite solution at a volume ratio of 100:5 and incubate at 30°C in the dark for 24 hours.

[0033] a: Seed soaking: Selected high-quality rice varieties are pre-treated before soaking. After treatment, the seeds are soaked in a solution containing a drug that meets production standards for 24 hours. After that, they are taken out and drained for 6 hours. Then they are soaked again in a prepared SOD superoxide dismutase solution for 24 hours. After that, they are taken out and spread out to air dry naturally for 24 hours. b: Seedling cultivation in greenhouse: Germination and seedling cultivation are carried out in a probiotic environment. Before laying the seedbed, drip irrigation equipment under film is laid first, and compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 50 times is sprayed to improve the soil micro-ecological environment. After the adjustment is correct, the seedbed is prepared, the seedbed soil is prepared, the seedling trays are prepared, and then the rice seeds are put into the bed. The seedbed is sprayed with water for the first time. It is required that the spraying is thorough and the water soaks the seedbed soil. The soil under the greenhouse is moistened to a thickness of not less than 5cm. c: Greenhouse seedling stage: During the greenhouse seedling stage management period, it is required to continuously apply SOD superoxide dismutase solution by spraying water and drip irrigation under film according to the weather and actual conditions. The application rate of solution during this stage is 0.3 / ㎡. During the two critical growth stages, the "two-leaf-one-heart stage" requires artificial spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution at a rate of 0.3 g / m² once; and the "early stage before seedling transplanting" requires artificial spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution at a rate of 0.3 g / m² once. d: Preparatory treatment before transplanting in the field: Deeply plow the land to turn the rice straw and tillers into the bottom layer of the soil 20-30cm deep; break up the plow pan to increase soil temperature, activate the soil, and improve aeration; apply compound probiotic fermentation liquid and then cover the soil (the compound probiotic fermentation liquid is mainly used for the nutrient soil reduction and decomposition of straw and tillers, promoting efficient straw return to the field); flood the field and let it stand for 1-5 days; flood the field again; level the soil and let it stand until the seedlings are transplanted. Apply 100 kg of rice-specific organic fertilizer per mu (1000㎡); Spray pre-emergence herbicides that meet national standards and are free of pesticide residues to prevent weeds. Spray once using a drone, diluted 1000 times. e: Seedling transplanting period: Before transplanting seedlings, prepare the field soil for rice planting. Before transplanting seedlings (before transplanting), use drones to spray 50L / hectare of SOD superoxide dismutase solution + compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture (avoid high temperature and strong wind weather during spraying). After spraying, let the field stand for more than 12 hours before transplanting seedlings. f: Field growing season: In terms of pest and disease management during the field growing season of rice, use compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 100 times for biological control of pests and diseases. The application of pesticides should be reduced to 2 / 3 of the normal application amount, and the application of pesticides and the spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution should not be at the same time, and a minimum protection period of 12 hours should be maintained. The application of SOD superoxide dismutase solution during the rice field growth period is carried out by drone spraying. It is mainly sprayed in sequence during the "heading stage, mid-grain filling stage and late grain filling stage", with an application rate of 50L / hectare of SOD superoxide dismutase solution. After a 7-day interval between each stage, 50L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone. The application of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture during the rice field growth period is carried out by drone spraying. It is mainly applied in sequence at the stages of "post-transplanting, early tillering, and late tillering" of rice, with an application rate of 50L / hectare of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture. After a 7-day interval between each stage, 50L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble organic fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone. g: Rice harvesting: Rice is harvested manually. After harvesting, the rice is stacked with stalks in the field to air dry naturally, which promotes the return of nutrients from the rice straw to the rice grains, allowing for complete nutrient absorption. After natural drying, the rice is threshed and harvested within 7 days after the first frost. After harvesting, the rice is dried in the drying yard until the moisture content is reduced to 10%-18% before being stored in warehouses. Example 3: Preparation of SOD superoxide dismutase solution: The compound probiotic fermentation broth and the plant extract made from mulberry leaves were mixed at a volume ratio of 100:30 after being pulped with distilled water, extracted at 30°C for 2 hours, centrifuged at 10000r / min for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was collected. The mixture was then activated at 35°C for 6 hours.

[0034] Preparation of compound probiotic fermentation broth: 50 parts by weight of yeast, 35 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 35 parts by weight of Streptococcus thermophilus, 25 parts by weight of Bacillus subtilis, 60 parts by weight of Lactobacillus plantarum, 55 parts by weight of Bacillus licheniformis, 35 parts by weight of Rhizobium, 30 parts by weight of Trichoderma, 30 parts by weight of Actinomycetes, and 30 parts by weight of Bacillus megaterium, with a total viable count ≥10^8 CFU / mL, fermented at 25℃ for 48 hours in a culture medium containing molasses, soybean meal, fish meal and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0035] Preparation of organic selenium mixture: Mix the compound probiotic fermentation broth with sodium selenite solution at a volume ratio of 100:3 and incubate at 30°C in the dark for 24 hours.

[0036] a: Seed soaking: Selected high-quality rice varieties are pre-treated before soaking. After treatment, the seeds are soaked in a solution containing a drug that meets production standards for 24 hours. After that, they are taken out and drained for 6 hours. Then they are soaked again in a prepared SOD superoxide dismutase solution for 24 hours. After that, they are taken out and spread out to air dry naturally for 24 hours. b: Seedling cultivation in greenhouse: Germination and seedling cultivation are carried out in a probiotic environment. Before laying the seedbed, drip irrigation equipment under film is laid first, and compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 70 times is sprayed to improve the soil micro-ecological environment. After the adjustment is correct, the seedbed is prepared, the seedbed soil is prepared, the seedling trays are prepared, and then the rice seeds are put into the bed. The seedbed is sprayed with water for the first time. It is required that the spraying is thorough and the water soaks the seedbed soil. The soil under the greenhouse is moistened to a thickness of not less than 5cm. c: Greenhouse seedling stage: During the greenhouse seedling stage management period, it is required to continuously apply SOD superoxide dismutase solution by spraying watering combined with drip irrigation under film according to the weather and actual conditions. The application rate of the solution during this stage is 0.1L / ㎡. During the two critical growth stages, the "two-leaf-one-heart stage" requires artificial spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution at a rate of 0.1 L / m² once; and the "early stage before seedling transplanting" requires artificial spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution at a rate of 0.1 L / m² once. d: Preparatory treatment before transplanting in the field: Deeply plow the land to turn the rice straw and tillers into the bottom layer of the soil 20-30cm deep; break up the plow pan to increase soil temperature, activate the soil, and improve aeration; apply compound probiotic fermentation liquid and then cover the soil (the compound probiotic fermentation liquid is mainly used for the nutrient soil reduction and decomposition of straw and tillers, promoting efficient straw return to the field); flood the field and let it stand for 1-5 days; flood the field again; level the soil and let it stand until the seedlings are transplanted. Apply 100 kg of rice-specific organic fertilizer per mu (1000㎡); Spray pre-emergence herbicides that meet national standards and are free of pesticide residues to prevent weeds. Spray once using a drone, diluted 1000 times. e: Seedling transplanting period: Before transplanting seedlings, prepare the field soil for rice planting. Before transplanting seedlings (before transplanting), use drones to spray 60L / hectare of SOD superoxide dismutase solution + compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture (avoid high temperature and strong wind weather during spraying). After spraying, let the field stand for more than 12 hours before transplanting seedlings. f: Field growing season: In terms of pest and disease management during the field growing season of rice, use compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 100 times for biological control of pests and diseases. The application of pesticides should be reduced to 2 / 3 of the normal application amount, and the application of pesticides and the spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution should not be at the same time, and a minimum protection period of 12 hours should be maintained. The application of SOD superoxide dismutase solution during the rice field growth period is carried out by drone spraying. It is mainly sprayed in sequence during the "heading stage, mid-grain filling stage and late grain filling stage", with an application rate of 60L / hectare of SOD superoxide dismutase solution. After a 7-day interval between each stage, 60L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone. The application of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture during the rice field growth period is carried out by drone spraying. It is mainly applied in sequence at the stages of "post-transplanting, early tillering, and late tillering" of rice, with an application rate of 60L / hectare of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture. After a 7-day interval between each stage, 60L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble organic fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone. g: Rice harvesting: Rice is harvested manually. After harvesting, the rice is stacked with stalks in the field to air dry naturally, which promotes the return of nutrients from the rice straw to the rice grains, allowing for complete nutrient absorption. After natural drying, the rice is threshed and harvested within 7 days after the first frost. After harvesting, the rice is dried in the drying yard until the moisture content is reduced to 10%-18% before being stored in warehouses. Comparative example: a: Soaking: No intervention; b: Seedling cultivation in greenhouse: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) technology under film drip irrigation, no other interventions; c: Greenhouse seedling stage: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) via drip irrigation under film, no other interventions; d: Seedling transplanting period: No intervention; e: Field growing season: During the field growing season of rice, SOD is sprayed by drone. It is mainly sprayed in sequence during the "heading stage, mid-filling stage and late-filling stage" of rice, with an application rate of 60L / hectare of SOD solution. Organic selenium was applied to rice paddies during the field growing season using drones. Application was carried out sequentially at the stages of transplanting, early tillering, and late tillering, with a dosage of 60 L / ha of organic selenium solution. Yields from the above examples and comparative examples were statistically analyzed. The SOD-treated rice and cooked rice from each example and comparative example were tested according to national standards GB / T5009.171-2003 "Determination of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity in Health Foods" and GB5009.93-2017 "National Food Safety Standard - Determination of Selenium in Foods" GB4789.35-2016. The results are shown in the table below.

[0037]

[0038] The above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the present invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered as falling within the scope of patent protection determined by the submitted claims.

Claims

1. A functional rice with dual fortification of SOD superoxide dismutase and organic selenium, wherein the SOD superoxide dismutase activity in the hulled rice is not less than 20000U / 100g; the organic selenium content is not less than 0.2mg / kg, and the proportion of organic selenium to total selenium is not less than 85%.

2. The functional rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rice, after being stored at room temperature and away from light for 100 days, retains no less than 80% of its SOD activity.

3. The functional rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity in cooked rice made from the rice described above is not less than 100 U / g.

4. A method for the ecological cultivation of probiotics in SOD- and organic selenium-enhanced functional rice, the method being: a: Soaking seeds; Selected high-quality rice varieties are pre-treated before soaking. After treatment, the seeds are soaked in a solution containing a chemical solution that meets production standards for 12-72 hours. After that, they are taken out and drained for 2-8 hours. Then they are soaked again in a prepared SOD superoxide dismutase solution for 12-72 hours. After that, they are taken out and spread out to air dry naturally for 12-72 hours. b: Seedling cultivation in the greenhouse; Germination and seedling cultivation in a probiotic environment. Before laying the seedbed, first lay the drip irrigation equipment under the film and spray the compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 10-80 times to improve the soil micro-ecological environment. After the adjustment is correct, prepare the seedbed, seedbed soil, and seedling trays. Then put the rice seeds into the bed and spray the seedbed with water for the first time. The spraying should be thorough and the water should soak the seedbed soil. The soil under the greenhouse should be moistened to a thickness of not less than 5cm. c: Greenhouse seedling stage; During the greenhouse seedling stage management period, it is required to continuously apply SOD superoxide dismutase solution by spraying water in combination with drip irrigation under film according to the weather and actual conditions. The application rate of the solution during this stage is 0.05-0.5L / ㎡. During the two critical growth stages, the "two-leaf-one-heart stage" requires artificial spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution at a rate of 0.05-0.5 L / m² once; and during the "early stage of seedling transplanting," the same application rate of SOD superoxide dismutase solution is required. d: Preparation and treatment before transplanting in the field; deep plowing of the land to turn rice straw and tillers into the bottom layer of 20-30cm; breaking up the plow pan to increase soil temperature, activate and aerate the soil; applying compound probiotic fermentation liquid and then covering the soil, flooding the field and letting it stand for 1-5 days, then flooding again, leveling the soil and letting it stand until the seedlings are transplanted; Apply 50-200 kg of rice-specific organic fertilizer per mu; Apply pre-emergence herbicide that meets national standards and has no pesticide residues for weed prevention. Apply once using a drone, diluted 500-2000 times. e: Seedling transplanting period; Before transplanting seedlings, prepare the field soil for rice planting. After the preparation is completed, spray the SOD superoxide dismutase solution + compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture at 50-80L / hectare using drones before transplanting. After spraying, let the field stand for more than 12 hours before transplanting seedlings. f: Growing season in the field; In terms of pest and disease management during the rice field growth period, the application of pesticides should be reduced to 2 / 3 of the normal amount, and the application of pesticides and the spraying of SOD superoxide dismutase solution should not be carried out at the same time, and a minimum of 12 hours of protection period should be maintained. The application of SOD (superoxide dismutase) solution during the rice field growth period is carried out by drone spraying, mainly at the "heading stage, mid-grain filling stage, and late-grain filling stage" of rice, with an application rate of 50-80 L / hectare of SOD superoxide dismutase solution; after each node stage, 50-200 L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone after a 7-day interval. The application of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture during the rice field growth period is carried out by drone spraying. It is mainly applied in sequence at the stages of "post-transplanting, early tillering, and late tillering" of rice, with an application rate of 50-80 L / hectare of compound probiotic fermentation liquid + organic selenium mixture. After a 7-day interval between each stage, 50-80 L / hectare of pesticide residue-free water-soluble organic fertilizer for rice is sprayed by drone. g: Rice harvesting; Rice is harvested manually. After harvesting, the rice is stacked with stalks in the field to air dry naturally, which promotes the return of nutrients from the rice straw to the rice grains, allowing for complete nutrient absorption. After natural drying, the rice is threshed and harvested within 7 days after the first frost. After harvesting, the rice is dried in the drying yard until the moisture content is reduced to 10%-18% before being stored in warehouses. Before the rice is stored in the warehouse, a comprehensive disinfection and rodent, waterproofing, and mold prevention measures must be carried out to ensure the safe storage of the rice.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The compound probiotic fermentation broth is prepared by fermenting the following components by weight: 30-50 parts yeast, 20-35 parts lactic acid bacteria, 20-35 parts thermophilic streptococci, 15-25 parts Bacillus subtilis, 35-60 parts Lactobacillus plantarum, 30-55 parts Bacillus licheniformis, 15-35 parts rhizobium, 10-30 parts Trichoderma, 10-30 parts actinomycetes, and 10-30 parts Bacillus megaterium, with a total viable count ≥10^8 CFU / mL, in a culture medium containing molasses, soybean meal, fish meal, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate at 20-35℃ for 48-96 hours.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The SOD superoxide dismutase solution is composed of a compound probiotic fermentation broth and a plant extract rich in polysaccharides, with a volume ratio of 100:10-30, and is activated at 20-35℃ for 6-12 hours.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The organic selenium mixture is composed of compound probiotic fermentation broth and sodium selenite solution in a volume ratio of 100:1-5, and the culture conditions are 20-40℃ in the dark for 12-72 hours.

8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Biological control of pests and diseases is carried out using the compound probiotic fermentation liquid diluted 50-500 times.

Images