Feed additive for improving stress resistance of laying hens, application and feed

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of feed, and discloses a feed additive for improving stress resistance of laying hens, which comprises laccase, silybum marianum, catalase, anthocyanin and selenium yeast. Wherein the addition amount of each material in the feed is as follows: laccase is 300-500g / ton; 3-5 kg / ton of silybum marianum; catalase is 0.5 to 1 kg / ton; 30 to 60 mg / ton of anthocyanin; the selenium yeast is 80 to 240 milligrams per ton. The additive disclosed by the invention is based on toxin control, and effectively realizes control on oxidative stress of laying hens from four aspects of improving the oxidation resistance of the organism, reducing the oxidative stress of the organism, protecting the liver and improving the immunity. Meanwhile, the invention further discloses application of the additive.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of feed, and particularly relates to a feed additive for improving the stress resistance of laying hens, an application and a feed. BACKGROUND

[0002] The intensive and high-density breeding mode of laying hens exposes them to various stressors for a long time, including but not limited to environmental stress (such as high temperature, high humidity, flocking, noise), physiological stress (such as high production, immunization), chemical stress (such as mycotoxins, drugs, endotoxins) and nutritional stress. These stress factors work together to cause the body of laying hens to produce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), triggering oxidative stress.

[0003] Oxidative stress is a core threat to the health and production performance of laying hens. Its harm mainly manifests in the following aspects:

[0004] Liver damage: The liver is the metabolic and detoxification center of the body and the main site of oxidative reactions. Continuous oxidative stress directly attacks liver cells, leading to fatty liver, liver enlargement, liver necrosis and even liver rupture, which seriously affects the metabolism of nutrients, the degradation of toxins and the secretion of bile, and further damages the overall health and production performance of laying hens.

[0005] Intestinal barrier disruption: stress can lead to increased intestinal mucosal permeability and impaired intestinal barrier function. This not only affects the digestion and absorption of nutrients, but also makes harmful substances such as endotoxins (LPS, mainly from Gram-negative bacterial cell walls) easily cross the intestinal barrier into the blood circulation, forming enterogenous endotoxemia, further increasing the detoxification burden of the liver and triggering systemic inflammatory response.

[0006] Immune suppression: oxidative stress depletes the body's antioxidant substances and activates inflammatory pathways such as NF-κB, leading to immune cell dysfunction, decreased antibody titers, increased susceptibility to pathogens, and poor vaccine immune effect.

[0007] Decreased production performance: the above pathological changes ultimately manifest as decreased egg production rate, poor eggshell quality (such as sandshell eggs, softshell eggs), increased broken egg rate, shortened egg production peak period, increased dead and culled rate, etc., causing serious economic losses.

[0008] Currently, the breeding industry often adds a single antioxidant (such as vitamin C, vitamin E) or uses mold inhibitors, liver protectants, etc. to cope with the above problems. However, these solutions have obvious limitations: single antioxidant has limited effect: the body's antioxidant system is a complex network that includes enzyme systems (such as SOD, CAT, GSH-Px) and non-enzyme systems (such as vitamins, flavonoids). A single antioxidant is difficult to comprehensively address various free radicals and is easily consumed in the body, with unstable effects.

[0009] Oxidative stress is the core link leading to the above problems, but conventional additives often focus on "detoxification" or "nutrient supplementation", and fail to efficiently and systematically remove excess ROS to block the chain reaction of oxidative damage from the root. Ignoring overall regulation: liver health, intestinal barrier and immune function are interrelated and form a whole.

[0010] Existing solutions usually only target a certain link and lack systematic protection and regulation of the "liver-intestine-immune" axis of the body.

[0011] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art to develop a feed additive that can efficiently and systematically alleviate oxidative stress and simultaneously provide comprehensive protection to the liver, intestine and immune system of laying hens, so as to fundamentally improve the stress resistance of laying hens and ensure their health and high and stable production. SUMMARY

[0012] The purpose of the present application is to provide a feed additive for improving the stress resistance of laying hens. The additive of the present application is based on toxin control and effectively realizes the control of oxidative stress in laying hens from four aspects of improving the antioxidant capacity of the body, reducing oxidative stress of the body, protecting the liver and improving immunity.

[0013] Meanwhile, the application also discloses the application of the additive.

[0014] To achieve the purpose of the present application, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0015] A feed additive for improving the stress resistance of laying hens, characterized in that it comprises laccase, milk thistle, catalase, anthocyanin and yeast selenium.

[0016] The addition amount of each material in the feed is as follows:

[0017] Laccase 300-500 g / t;

[0018] Milk thistle 3-5 kg / t;

[0019] Catalase 0.5-1 kg / t;

[0020] Anthocyanin 30-60 mg / t;

[0021] Yeast selenium 80-240 mg / t.

[0022] In the present application, the functions of each material are as follows:

[0023] Laccase: used for removing toxins from feed raw materials and finished products, laccase belongs to copper-containing oxidase and has broad-spectrum catalytic ability for phenolic and aromatic amine compounds, laccase can degrade mycotoxins such as aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone through catalytic oxidation reaction, and has the characteristics of high efficiency and safe product; therefore, the use of laccase is the basis for ensuring that the remaining materials can play a role;

[0024] Silybum marianum: its effective component silybin (silymarin) has the effects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and stabilizing liver cell membrane, and is often used to assist in improving liver damage caused by alcohol, drugs or environmental toxins;

[0025] Catalase: used for immediate relief and reduction of oxidative stress, the main reason for its rapid relief of oxidative stress is that it can convert hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen through catalytic reaction, eliminate its toxicity, and avoid cell damage, at the same time, the oxygen produced in the decomposition process of hydrogen peroxide can scavenge other free radicals and reduce lipid peroxidation and other chain reactions; in addition, it is also used to maintain cell membrane integrity and prevent cell dysfunction caused by oxidative stress;

[0026] Anthocyanins: used to improve antioxidant capacity;

[0027] Yeast selenium: improves immunity; yeast selenium as an organic selenium supplement has high bioavailability, and selenium is an important material basis for the normal operation of the immune system. Studies have found that selenium helps to scavenge free radicals in the body by participating in the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase, reducing the damage of oxidative stress to immune cells. At the same time, selenium can promote the differentiation and proliferation of immune cells such as T cells and natural killer cells (NK cells), enhance the body's ability to recognize and remove pathogens; by supplementing yeast selenium with high bioavailability, it can not only scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative damage, but also significantly improve the body's immune capacity, which can greatly enhance the effects of anthocyanins and catalase.

[0028] Through the combination of the above substances, the occurrence of oxidative stress in laying hens can be effectively reduced.

[0029] In the above feed additive, the addition amount of each material in the feed is:

[0030] Laccase 350-450 g / t;

[0031] Silybum marianum 3.5-4.5 kg / t;

[0032] Catalase 0.6-0.8 kg / t;

[0033] Anthocyanins 40-50 mg / t;

[0034] Yeast selenium 120-200 mg / t.

[0035] Meanwhile, the application also discloses a use of the additive in the preparation of chicken feed.

[0036] In the use, the additive is used to improve the oxidation stress resistance of the hens.

[0037] In the use, the oxidation stress is caused by exogenous toxins, including non-drug toxins and drug toxins in the air, water source and feed.

[0038] The non-drug toxins are atmospheric pollutants, pesticides, disinfectants, viruses and bacterial metabolites.

[0039] The drug toxins are chemical drugs, traditional Chinese medicines and vaccines fed to the poultry.

[0040] In addition, the application also discloses a feed comprising chicken daily ration and the feed additive.

[0041] The application has the following advantages:

[0042] The application realizes the control of the oxidation stress of the hens from the aspects of improving the oxidation resistance of the hens, reducing the oxidation stress of the hens, protecting the liver and improving the immunity of the hens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the application, but not all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments of the application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0044] Raw material sources:

[0045] Laccase: 10,000 U / g from Ningxia Xiasen Industrial Group Co., Ltd.

[0046] Silybum marianum: 90% content from Handan Morning Light Biological Technology Co., Ltd.

[0047] Catalase: 10,000 U / g from Ningxia Xiasen Industrial Group Co., Ltd.

[0048] Anthocyanidin: 25% from Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., Ltd.

[0049] Yeast selenium: Yinglianpumeixin Technology (Jiangxi) Co., Ltd., 85~95% content.

[0050] The formula and nutritional ingredient table of the day-to-day ration of the laying hens can refer to Table 1;

[0051] Table 1 Day-to-day ration formula table

[0052] Formulation composition Ratio (%) Nutritional index Unit Content Corn 7.0 61.315 Metabolic energy (poultry) correction Kcal / kg 2601 Brans 2.900 Crude protein % 15.78 Soybean meal 43 (crude) 23.900 Crude fiber % 2.46 Stone powder (granules) 10.010 Crude ash % 13.37 Dicalcium phosphate type III 1.008 Crude fat % 2.64 L-methionine 0.110 Total starch % 39.22 Lysine 70% 0.140 Calcium % 4.00 Choline chloride 0.100 Total phosphorus % 0.56 Vitamin C 0.020 Chlorine % 0.23 Sodium chloride 0.300 Sodium chloride % 0.40 Xylanase 0.010 Total lysine % 0.86 Phytase 0.020 Total methionine % 0.42 Beta-mannanase 0.005 Moisture % 11.73 Glucanase 0.005 Sodium bicarbonate 0.150 Canthaxanthin 10% 0.007 Total 100.000

[0053] The additives described in Table 2 are added into the above-mentioned day-to-day ration to form each example and the comparative example, and t in the unit of each substance in Table 2 represents per ton of feed; the specific contents are as follows:

[0054] Table 2 Additive usage amount

[0055] Laccase g / t Jiafeiji kg / t Catalase kg / t Anthocyanins mg / t Yeast selenium mg / t Example 1 400 3 1 30 240 Example 2 400 5 0.5 60 80 Example 3 400 4 0.75 45 150 Comparative example 1 400 4 0.75 45 0 Comparative example 2 0 4 0.75 45 150

[0056] Breeding experiment

[0057] A breeding experiment is carried out in a laying hen farm in Hubei, and the breed of the chickens is Hy-Line Gray, which is divided into 6 groups, 1200 chickens in each group, 6 repetitions in each group, 200 chickens in each repetition; the age is 53 weeks; the breeding period is 15 weeks; and the chickens are normally fed with day-to-day ration and drinking water during the breeding period.

[0058] 5 breeding groups are added to the day-to-day ration shown in Table 1 according to the usage amount in Table 2; in addition, the blank group only uses the day-to-day ration.

[0059] After the breeding ends, 5 chickens are randomly selected from each repetition, and after fasting for 12 hours, blood is collected from the jugular vein, the venous blood is centrifuged to obtain serum, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content tests are carried out;

[0060] Among them, T-AOC can confirm the overall antioxidant reserve of the body on a macroscopic level;

[0061] If the level of MDA significantly increases, it directly proves that serious lipid peroxidation and liver cell damage have occurred.

[0062] The above tests are tested by using commercial kits.

[0063] During the breeding period, the laying rate, egg weight, feed-to-egg ratio, dead and cull rate, broken egg rate, grain consumption per day, and grain consumption per egg are counted.

[0064] The relevant test results are shown in Tables 3 to 10;

[0065] Table 3 Test results

[0066] T-AOC MDA Example 1 0.52 5.99 Example 2 0.53 6.01 Example 3 0.48 6.22 Comparative example 1 0.44 5.46 Comparative example 2 0.40 5.20 Blank group 0.38 5.14

[0067] Table 4 Laying rate statistical results Unit: %

[0068] Week age Blank group Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 53 92.70% 92.00% 92.45% 95.39% 95.57% 93.78% 54 92.40% 91.50% 92.31% 95.21% 95.02% 93.15% 55 92.10% 91.50% 91.66% 93.26% 95.25% 93.33% 56 91.80% 91.00% 91.55% 94.82% 93.36% 91.41% 57 91.50% 91.00% 92.24% 95.99% 94.86% 92.83% 58 91.20% 91.00% 92.17% 95.74% 95.21% 93.11% 59 90.90% 91.00% 91.67% 95.28% 95.58% 93.39% 60 90.60% 90.50% 91.50% 96.04% 95.42% 93.13% 61 90.30% 90.50% 91.56% 95.66% 95.68% 93.25% 62 90.00% 90.00% 91.26% 95.30% 94.49% 92.03% 63 89.70% 90.00% 91.24% 94.87% 95.04% 92.49% 64 89.40% 89.50% 91.12% 94.64% 95.12% 92.44% 65 89.10% 89.50% 90.68% 94.89% 94.48% 91.71% 66 88.80% 89.00% 88.93% 94.69% 89.89% 87.16% 67 88.50% 89.00% 88.12% 91.44% 91.22% 88.28% 68 88.20% 88.50% 87.74% 91.02% 93.62% 90.55% Average value 90.45% 90.34% 91.01% 94.64% 94.36% 92.00% Standard deviation 1.43% 1.03% 1.46% 1.49% 1.64% 1.88%

[0069] Table 5 Egg weight statistics (unit: g)

[0070] Week age Blank group Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 53 61.45 61.1 61.1 62.70 61.3 61.1 54 61.45 61.4 61.0 62.70 61.3 61.3 55 61.45 61.5 60.8 62.80 61.6 61.3 56 61.45 61.3 61.3 62.80 61.7 61.4 57 61.50 61.6 61.5 62.80 61.9 61.7 58 61.55 61.9 61.5 62.80 62.1 61.8 59 61.60 61.9 61.4 62.90 62.3 61.9 60 61.65 62.0 61.4 62.90 62.3 61.9 61 61.68 62.0 61.6 62.90 62.6 62.1 62 61.71 62.0 61.4 62.90 62.7 62.0 63 61.74 61.8 61.2 63.00 62.8 61.9 64 61.77 62.1 61.2 63.00 62.8 62.0 65 61.80 62.2 61.5 63.00 62.9 62.2 66 61.83 62.1 61.5 63.00 62.9 62.2 67 61.86 62.8 61.6 63.10 63.0 62.5 68 61.89 62.9 62.2 63.10 63.1 62.7 Average value 61.65 61.91 61.38 62.90 62.32 61.87 Standard deviation 0.16 0.48 0.31 0.13 0.61 0.43

[0071] Table 6 Statistical Results of Feed Conversion Ratio

[0072] Week age Blank group Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 53 2.00 2.01 2.04 1.96 1.94 1.98 54 2.01 2.02 2.00 1.96 1.92 1.96 55 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.00 1.92 1.98 56 2.02 2.03 2.00 1.99 1.98 1.99 57 2.03 2.03 2.02 1.97 1.96 1.98 58 2.03 2.03 1.98 1.94 1.91 1.94 59 2.04 2.03 1.99 1.89 1.93 1.94 60 2.04 2.04 2.08 1.93 1.87 1.96 61 2.05 2.04 2.00 1.99 1.85 1.95 62 2.05 2.05 1.99 1.94 1.96 1.96 63 2.06 2.05 2.02 1.92 1.94 1.96 64 2.06 2.06 1.94 1.93 1.93 1.93 65 2.07 2.06 1.97 1.92 1.95 1.95 66 2.08 2.07 2.01 1.99 1.98 1.99 67 2.08 2.07 1.95 2.02 1.99 1.99 68 2.09 2.08 2.05 2.03 1.95 2.01 Average value 2.04 2.04 2.00 1.96 1.94 1.97 Standard deviation 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.02

[0073] Table 7. Cumulative Dead Rate Statistics (Unit: %)

[0074] Week age Blank group Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 53 3.22% 2.74% 2.24% 1.93% 2.05% 2.07% 54 3.32% 2.84% 2.42% 1.99% 2.19% 2.20% 55 3.42% 2.94% 2.49% 2.04% 2.22% 2.25% 56 3.52% 3.04% 2.57% 2.11% 2.26% 2.31% 57 3.62% 3.14% 2.66% 2.16% 2.31% 2.38% 58 3.72% 3.24% 2.81% 2.25% 2.34% 2.47% 59 3.82% 3.34% 2.93% 2.32% 2.37% 2.54% 60 3.94% 3.44% 3.02% 2.51% 2.40% 2.65% 61 4.06% 3.54% 3.11% 2.57% 2.53% 2.74% 62 4.18% 3.64% 3.26% 2.65% 2.56% 2.83% 63 4.30% 3.74% 3.37% 2.70% 2.60% 2.89% 64 4.42% 3.84% 3.43% 2.90% 2.64% 2.99% 65 4.54% 3.94% 3.64% 2.95% 2.78% 3.13% 66 4.66% 4.04% 3.68% 3.17% 2.81% 3.22% 67 4.78% 4.14% 3.84% 3.24% 2.98% 3.36% 68 4.90% 4.24% 3.90% 3.30% 3.02% 3.41% Average value 4.03% 3.49% 3.09% 2.55% 2.50% 2.71% Standard deviation 0.54% 0.48% 0.53% 0.46% 0.29% 0.42%

[0075] Table 8. Statistical Results of Egg Breakage Rate (Unit: %)

[0076] Week age Blank group Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 53 0.64% 0.58% 0.50% 0.62% 0.39% 0.51% 54 0.67% 0.66% 0.50% 0.52% 0.46% 0.52% 55 0.66% 0.62% 0.50% 0.58% 0.45% 0.52% 56 0.65% 0.63% 0.50% 0.64% 0.33% 0.51% 57 0.79% 0.78% 0.50% 0.60% 0.32% 0.54% 58 0.75% 0.73% 0.50% 0.63% 0.35% 0.55% 59 0.79% 0.77% 0.50% 0.67% 0.35% 0.57% 60 0.85% 0.83% 0.60% 0.66% 0.32% 0.58% 61 0.11% 0.97% 0.60% 0.73% 0.28% 0.64% 62 0.12% 0.99% 0.60% 0.56% 0.26% 0.58% 63 0.81% 0.71% 0.60% 0.69% 0.30% 0.54% 64 0.95% 0.95% 0.60% 0.84% 0.40% 0.71% 65 1.13% 1.14% 0.80% 0.68% 0.41% 0.72% 66 1.20% 1.10% 0.80% 0.91% 0.29% 0.74% 67 0.97% 0.96% 0.80% 0.71% 0.39% 0.65% 68 0.99% 0.98% 0.80% 0.59% 0.42% 0.63% Average value 0.76% 0.84% 0.61% 0.66% 0.36% 0.59% Standard deviation 0.30% 0.18% 0.12% 0.10% 0.06% 0.08%

[0077] Table 9. Daily feed consumption statistics for each bird (unit: grams / bird / day)

[0078] Week age Blank group Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 53 114 113.4 114.1 116 114.9 114.2 54 114 111.9 113.8 116 113.9 113.2 55 114 112.7 113.5 116 115.7 114.0 56 114 113.5 115.7 116 114.3 114.5 57 114 114.3 116.2 116 116.1 115.5 58 114 112.2 114.0 116 113.8 113.4 59 114 114.4 110.6 116 112.9 112.6 60 114 110.5 113.8 116 116.9 113.8 61 114 109.7 117.2 116 113.9 113.6 62 114 115.0 113.5 116 114.4 114.3 63 114 114.2 111.2 116 116.6 114.0 64 114 114.0 111.7 116 112.2 112.6 65 114 114.7 112.2 116 113.3 113.4 66 114 110.4 116.0 116 115.1 113.8 67 114 114.2 113.5 116 111.7 113.1 68 114 114.6 114.7 116 113.8 114.4 Average value 114.00 113.11 113.86 116.00 114.35 113.77 Standard deviation 0.00 1.69 1.84 0.00 1.49 0.74

[0079] Table 10: Statistical Results of Food Consumption Per Egg (Unit: grams)

[0080] Week age Blank group Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 53 123.0 126.1 124.70 119.61 118.69 120.97 54 123.4 126.8 122.87 119.57 117.79 120.06 55 123.8 126.8 124.74 121.67 118.28 121.54 56 124.2 127.5 123.05 122.01 121.59 122.22 57 124.6 127.5 125.43 121.05 120.47 122.30 58 125.0 127.5 123.12 119.08 117.87 120.00 59 125.4 127.5 123.70 116.04 119.71 119.77 60 125.8 128.2 129.35 118.53 115.83 121.10 61 126.2 128.2 125.20 122.57 114.64 120.74 62 126.7 128.9 124.51 119.10 121.70 121.74 63 127.1 128.9 126.85 117.26 120.14 121.37 64 127.5 129.6 122.07 118.02 119.85 119.96 65 127.9 129.6 124.01 118.28 121.44 121.21 66 128.4 130.3 126.61 122.45 122.80 123.94 67 128.8 130.3 123.16 124.17 125.19 124.17 68 129.3 131.1 129.63 126.01 122.38 125.93 Average value 126.07 128.41 124.94 120.34 119.90 121.69 Standard deviation Week age Blank group Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Average value Standard deviation 1.99 1.47 2.21 2.66 2.69 1.72

[0081] Results analysis:

[0082] The results above show that the stress resistance indicators of Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention are significantly better than those of the comparative example, and the comparative example is better than the blank group. This indicates that laccase and yeast selenium play a crucial role in improving the stress resistance of laying hens. When laccase is deficient, toxins in the feed will continuously burden the liver of laying hens, making it impossible for laying hens in a state of stress to significantly alleviate stress even with the presence of other antioxidant and anti-inflammatory additives. At the same time, due to its rapid absorption and ability to quickly improve the body's immunity, the absence of yeast selenium means that laying hens need a longer time to recover from stress. Ultimately, although the mortality rate is relatively satisfactory, the stress indicators can never reach a satisfactory level.

[0083] Meanwhile, feed conversion ratio, egg production rate, and mortality rate can further reflect the significant impact of sustained stress on growth status.

[0084] Based on this, the additive of the present invention can quickly help laying hens recover from stress, improve growth performance and egg production performance, and significantly reduce mortality rate.

[0085] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed additive for enhancing stress resistance in laying hens, characterized in that, Including laccase, milk thistle, catalase, anthocyanins, and yeast selenium; The amounts of each material added to the feed are as follows: Laccase 300~500 g / ton; Milk thistle 3~5kg / ton; Catalase: 0.5~1 kg / ton; Anthocyanins 30-60 mg / ton; Selenium in yeast is 80-240 mg / ton.

2. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of each material added to the feed is as follows: Laccase 350~450 g / ton; Milk thistle 3.5~4.5 kg / ton; Catalase: 0.6~0.8 kg / ton; Anthocyanins 40-50 mg / ton; Selenium in yeast: 120-200 mg / ton.

3. Use of the additive as described in claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of chicken feed; the additive is used to enhance the stress resistance of laying hens.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that, The additive is used to enhance the antioxidant stress resistance of laying hens.

5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oxidative stress is caused by exogenous toxins; these exogenous toxins include non-drug toxins and drug toxins in the air, water, and feed. The non-pharmaceutical toxins mentioned are atmospheric pollutants, pesticides, disinfectants, viruses, and bacterial metabolites; The drug toxoids mentioned are chemical drugs, traditional Chinese medicines, and vaccines administered to poultry.

6. A feed, characterized in that, This includes chicken diets and feed additives as described in claim 1 or 2.