Food composition for enhancing exercise tolerance as well as preparation method and application of food composition

Abstract

The invention provides a food composition for enhancing exercise tolerance as well as a preparation method and application of the food composition, and relates to the technical field of foods. The invention discloses a food composition. The composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 6 to 16 parts of bovine blood oligopeptide, 10 to 20 parts of collagen, 1 to 3 parts of beta-carotene, 15 to 26 parts of radix codonopsis extract, 13 to 25 parts of pleurotus nebrodensis polysaccharide, 10 to 30 parts of isomaltooligosacharide, 5 to 10 parts of creatine, 4 to 10 parts of taurine, 0.2 to 0.6 part of vitamin B1, 0.2 to 0.6 part of vitamin B6, 5 to 15 parts of guarana extract, 4 to 12 parts of green tea extract and 4 to 12 parts of green coffee extract. 2-5 parts of L-carnitine, 5-12 parts of cordyceps militaris, 5-12 parts of red ginseng and 5-12 parts of lucid ganoderma. The obtained food composition has the effects of resisting fatigue and improving hypoxia tolerance, and is applied to preparation of food with the effects of enhancing exercise tolerance, resisting hypoxia and relieving fatigue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of food technology, specifically relating to a food composition that enhances athletic endurance, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] After prolonged or high-intensity exercise, the body consumes a significant amount of energy. When energy supply cannot be maintained stably, fatigue may occur, reducing athletic performance and capacity, and potentially leading to various diseases. Physical fatigue is a complex physiological process, related not only to energy supply and utilization but also to the accumulation of metabolic waste. For example, excessive production and accumulation of metabolites such as lactic acid and urea nitrogen can lead to muscle exhaustion, while increased levels of related metabolites (such as creatine kinase, ammonia, and urea nitrogen) can cause muscle fatigue and injury. Therefore, to enhance athletic performance and endurance, it is essential to alleviate fatigue and shorten recovery time.

[0003] Studies have shown that fat oxidation is an important source of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for the body. By stimulating fat metabolism and improving fat utilization, exercise endurance can be increased. Supplementing with nutrients or related foods before exercise can increase oxygen intake, stimulate the utilization of fatty acids and glycogen during exercise, and have a positive effect on energy metabolism during exercise and rest, thereby improving energy metabolism and exercise endurance.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN114588207A discloses a composition for improving exercise endurance and promoting post-exercise recovery, and its application. The composition contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 1-3 parts ginseng, 3-6 parts dried plum, and 36 parts white sugar. The composition is said to have the effects of invigorating qi, strengthening the spleen, and promoting stomach function and fluid production. Animal experiments have confirmed that this composition can prolong the time to exhaustion during exercise, enhance the body's antioxidant capacity, reduce oxidative stress damage to muscles, and reduce the production of harmful metabolites. However, the white sugar in this invention is rapidly absorbed after hydrolysis, leading to a sudden rise in blood sugar. After stimulating a large secretion of insulin, it causes a rapid drop in blood sugar, which may more easily lead to hypoglycemia and fatigue in people engaged in prolonged endurance activities, making it difficult to meet the needs of sustained exercise. Furthermore, the composition has a single component and function, failing to improve blood oxygen delivery, delay lactic acid accumulation, or protect muscle protein, making it unsuitable for long-term consumption by athletes.

[0005] Chinese invention patent CN107455625A discloses a kind of plant nutrient beverage with anti-fatigue weight loss function and its preparation process, the plant nutrient beverage is made of the following weight proportion of raw materials, auxiliary materials per 1000ml: 25.5-174.0g of Chinese wolfberry and astragalus anti-fatigue single formula or compound, 0.05-150.0g of sweetening agent, 2.7-3.3g of pH stabilizer, 0.0006-22.2g of nutrient, 0-0.100g of pigment, 0-0.10g of flavoring agent, and the balance is water;The dosage of each component of the Chinese wolfberry and astragalus anti-fatigue single formula or compound is as follows: 20.0-120.0g of fresh Chinese wolfberry fruit, 4.0-20.0g of dried Chinese wolfberry fruit and 6.0-48.0g of astragalus slices.The active ingredients in the plant nutrient beverage include Chinese wolfberry polysaccharide, astragalus polysaccharide, astragalus glycoside, isoflavone, taurine, inositol, hydrochloric acid, L-lysine, L-carnitine, microorganism C, vitamin B6, vitamin B 12 It can improve the fatigue of athletes, people prone to fatigue, manual workers and obese people. However, the anti-fatigue effect of the product is obtained by simply mixing the effective components, and the synergistic effect of the specific components or the effect of improving exercise endurance between the components is not reflected.

[0006] In addition, Chinese invention patent CN103704711A discloses a kind of health granules with anti-fatigue function, which includes ingredients: creatine, beta-hydroxy-beta-methyl butyric acid calcium, fructose, protein powder, panax notoginseng, radix codonopsis, radix puerariae, acanthopanax, radix ginseng and taurine. The product uses at least 5 kinds of Chinese medicine ingredients, which are of various types, and the efficacy of the Chinese medicine ingredients is scattered. Even if the ingredients are compounded, there may be adverse phenomena such as mutual offsetting or antagonism of efficacy, which cannot form a precise endurance improvement pathway, and the endurance improvement effect is not good.

[0007] Therefore, in view of the current food composition for enhancing exercise endurance, there are still many defects such as poor synergy between components, insufficient safety, poor endurance persistence, and the preparation method of polysaccharide extract cannot realize efficient extraction of polysaccharide. It is necessary to develop a food composition with scientific formula, synergistic effect of each component to enhance exercise endurance, relieve physical fatigue, high-efficiency hypoxia tolerance, and adapt to different exercise scenarios. SUMMARY

[0008] This invention addresses the problems existing in the prior art by providing a food composition for enhancing exercise endurance, its preparation method, and its application. Bovine blood oligopeptides, Codonopsis pilosula extract, Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, taurine, guarana extract, L-carnitine, Cordyceps militaris, red ginseng, Ganoderma lucidum, green tea, green coffee, creatine, vitamin B, collagen, and β-carotene are used in a specific weight ratio to obtain a food composition that exhibits excellent effects in enhancing exercise endurance, hypoxia tolerance, and relieving physical fatigue. Furthermore, further research on Codonopsis pilosula extract has shown that while improving the yield and polysaccharide content of the extract, it also significantly enhances the protective effect of the food composition against H9c2 cell hypoxia.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: First, the present invention provides a food composition for enhancing exercise endurance, comprising, by weight, the following components: 6-16 parts bovine blood oligopeptide, 10-20 parts collagen, 1-3 parts β-carotene, 15-26 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 13-25 parts Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, 10-30 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 5-10 parts creatine, 4-10 parts taurine, 0.2-0.6 parts vitamin B1, 0.2-0.6 parts vitamin B6, 5-15 parts guarana extract, 4-12 parts green tea extract, 4-12 parts green coffee extract, 2-5 parts L-carnitine, 5-12 parts Cordyceps militaris, 5-12 parts red ginseng, and 5-12 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

[0010] Preferably, the food composition, by weight, comprises the following components: 8-13 parts bovine blood oligopeptide, 12-18 parts collagen, 1.5-2.5 parts β-carotene, 18-24 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 15-22 parts Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, 15-25 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 7-9 parts creatine, 6-8 parts taurine, 0.3-0.5 parts vitamin B1, 0.3-0.5 parts vitamin B6, 8-12 parts guarana extract, 6-10 parts green tea extract, 6-10 parts green coffee extract, 2.5-4 parts L-carnitine, 7-10 parts Cordyceps militaris, 7-10 parts red ginseng, and 7-10 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

[0011] More preferably, the food composition, by weight, comprises the following components: 10 parts bovine blood oligopeptide, 15 parts collagen, 2 parts β-carotene, 22 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 20 parts Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, 20 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 8 parts creatine, 7 parts taurine, 0.4 parts vitamin B1, 0.4 parts vitamin B6, 10 parts guarana extract, 8 parts green tea extract, 8 parts green coffee extract, 3 parts L-carnitine, 9 parts Cordyceps militaris, 9 parts red ginseng, and 9 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the Codonopsis pilosula extract includes the following steps: (1) After freezing, Codonopsis pilosula is thawed, squeezed, and mixed with water to obtain a mixture; (2) The mixture was enzymatically hydrolyzed with cellulase and β-glucosidase to obtain an enzymatically hydrolyzed mixture; (3) The mixture was enzymatically hydrolyzed and then boiled to obtain a boiled mixture; (4) Add ethanol to the decoction mixture, adjust the volume concentration of ethanol to 10%-25%, reflux for extraction, filter, concentrate the filtrate, and dry to obtain Codonopsis pilosula extract.

[0013] More preferably, in step (1), the melting is natural melting at room temperature.

[0014] More preferably, in step (1), the freezing temperature has no special requirements; it can be frozen until all the water in the Codonopsis pilosula is frozen.

[0015] More preferably, in step (1), the squeezing force is 8-12 MPa; even more preferably, in step (1), the squeezing force is 10 MPa.

[0016] More preferably, in step (1), the solid-liquid ratio of Codonopsis pilosula and water in the mixture is 1g:15-25mL; even more preferably, in step (1), the solid-liquid ratio of Codonopsis pilosula and water in the mixture is 1g:20mL.

[0017] More preferably, in step (2), the amount of cellulase used is 200-400 U / g (the substrate is Codonopsis pilosula); even more preferably, in step (2), the amount of cellulase used is 300 U / g (the substrate is Codonopsis pilosula).

[0018] More preferably, in step (2), the amount of β-glucosidase used is 100-300 U / g (the substrate is Codonopsis pilosula); even more preferably, in step (2), the amount of β-glucosidase used is 200 U / g (the substrate is Codonopsis pilosula).

[0019] More preferably, in step (2), the conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis are: temperature 37-45℃, time 4-8h, and pH 6-7.

[0020] More preferably, in step (2), the conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis are: temperature 42°C, time 6h, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH 6.5.

[0021] More preferably, in step (2), a conventional acidic solvent is used to adjust the pH, not limited to citric acid, acetic acid, or malic acid.

[0022] More preferably, in step (3), the simmering is done over low heat for 0.5-2 hours.

[0023] More preferably, in step (3), the simmering time is 1 hour.

[0024] More preferably, in step (4), the volume concentration of ethanol is adjusted to 20%.

[0025] More preferably, in step (4), the reflux extraction is carried out at a temperature of 50-60℃ for 0.5-2h.

[0026] More preferably, in step (4), the reflux extraction is performed at a temperature of 55°C for 1 hour.

[0027] More preferably, in step (4), the drying is freeze drying.

[0028] In this invention, the polysaccharide from Pleurotus eryngii is a commercially available product or an extract obtained by ethanol extraction or water extraction; all of the above-mentioned polysaccharides from Pleurotus eryngii can achieve the technical effects described in this invention.

[0029] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the polysaccharide of Pleurotus eryngii is obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation, including the following steps: mixing fresh Pleurotus eryngii with 15-25 times its mass of water, grinding into a slurry, and then stirring and extracting at 80-95℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain an extract; after decolorizing the extract, concentrating it to a relative density of 1.05-1.10 (30℃), adding ethanol to make the ethanol content of the mixture 70%-80% (v / v), collecting the precipitate, and obtaining Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide.

[0030] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the extraction method of the polysaccharide from Pleurotus eryngii includes the following steps: mixing fresh Pleurotus eryngii with 20 times its mass of water, grinding into a slurry, and then stirring and extracting at 85°C for 1 hour to obtain an extract; after decolorizing the extract, concentrating it to a relative density of 1.05-1.10 (30°C), adding ethanol to make the ethanol content of the mixture 75% (v / v), collecting the precipitate, and obtaining the polysaccharide from Pleurotus eryngii.

[0031] Then, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned food composition, comprising the steps of: S1. Mix Cordyceps militaris, red ginseng and Ganoderma lucidum, add water to extract, concentrate the extract to obtain an extract mixture; S2. The extract mixture is then mixed with bovine blood oligopeptides, collagen, β-carotene, Codonopsis pilosula extract, Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, isomaltooligosaccharide, creatine, taurine, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, guarana extract, green tea extract, green coffee extract, and L-carnitine to obtain a food composition.

[0032] Preferably, in step S1, the water extraction specifically involves: mixing Cordyceps militaris, red ginseng, and Ganoderma lucidum, pulverizing them into coarse powder, adding 20-30 times the weight of water, and decocting and extracting 2-4 times, each time for 0.5-2 hours; filtering, combining the filtrates to obtain the extract; concentrating the extract, drying it, and obtaining the extract mixture.

[0033] More preferably, in step S1, the water extraction specifically involves: mixing Cordyceps militaris, red ginseng, and Ganoderma lucidum, pulverizing them into coarse powder, adding 25 times the mass of water, and decocting them three times for 1 hour each time; filtering, combining the filtrates to obtain an extract; concentrating the extract, drying it, and obtaining an extract mixture.

[0034] In this invention, the coarse powder is a powder with a particle size of 150-500μm.

[0035] More preferably, in step S1, the drying temperature is ≤60℃ and the drying time is ≤24h. In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the drying temperature is ≤45℃ and the drying time is ≤18h; in one specific embodiment of the present invention, the drying is freeze-drying, and the drying time is 12h.

[0036] Finally, the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned food composition in the preparation of foods that enhance exercise endurance, relieve physical fatigue, improve muscle strength, enhance immunity, and improve hypoxia tolerance.

[0037] Preferably, the food used in the application is not limited to health food or ordinary food.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The food composition of the present invention is obtained by combining specific ingredients and proportions, which can significantly improve the protection against hypoxia in H9c2 cells, with a survival rate of over 85% for hypoxic H9c2 cells, resulting in excellent hypoxia tolerance and exercise endurance; the food composition of the present invention can also increase the swimming time and HG content of mice under load exhaustion, reduce BLA and BUN content, and has excellent anti-fatigue performance.

[0039] The food composition of the present invention provides superior technical effects compared to food compositions obtained by conventional components, conventional proportions, and conventional methods. The food composition of the present invention provides significantly improved technical effects such as enhancing exercise endurance, relieving physical fatigue, increasing muscle strength, enhancing immunity, and improving hypoxia tolerance.

[0040] 2. In the food composition of the present invention, the Codonopsis pilosula extract is processed by a specific freeze-thaw, extrusion pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis, water extraction and low-concentration ethanol extraction method, which improves the yield and polysaccharide content of the Codonopsis pilosula extract; in the food composition, it exerts a better effect on enhancing exercise endurance, hypoxia tolerance and relieving physical fatigue. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following non-limiting embodiments are intended to enable those skilled in the art to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. The following content is merely an exemplary description of the scope of protection claimed by the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention based on the disclosed content, and such changes should also fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0042] When numerical ranges are given in the embodiments, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated in the invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints may be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0043] The present invention will be further described below by way of specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, all chemical reagents used in the embodiments of the present invention are obtained through conventional commercial means. For example, information on some raw materials used in the specific embodiments of the present invention is shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1

[0045] The above components do not have a significant impact on the effect depending on the manufacturer.

[0046] In the following specific embodiments of the present invention, the polysaccharide of Pleurotus eryngii is a self-made raw material, and the extraction method is as follows: fresh Pleurotus eryngii is mixed with 20 times its weight of water, ground into a paste, and then stirred and extracted at 85°C for 1 hour to obtain an extract; after decolorization, the extract is concentrated to a relative density of 1.05-1.10 (30°C), ethanol is added to make the ethanol content of the mixture 75% (v / v), the precipitate is collected, and freeze-dried to obtain the polysaccharide of Pleurotus eryngii.

[0047] Example 1 A food composition for enhancing exercise endurance comprises, by weight: 10 parts bovine blood oligopeptide, 15 parts collagen, 2 parts β-carotene, 22 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 20 parts Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, 20 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 8 parts creatine, 7 parts taurine, 0.4 parts vitamin B1, 0.4 parts vitamin B6, 10 parts guarana extract, 8 parts green tea extract, 8 parts green coffee extract, 3 parts L-carnitine, 9 parts Cordyceps militaris, 9 parts red ginseng, and 9 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

[0048] The preparation method of the Codonopsis pilosula extract is as follows: (1) After freezing, Codonopsis pilosula was thawed naturally and its tissue was destroyed under a pressure of 10 MPa. Then it was mixed with water to obtain a mixture with a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 20 mL. (2) The mixture was enzymatically hydrolyzed with cellulase and β-glucosidase at a temperature of 42°C for 6 hours and a pH of 6.5 (with citric acid used for pH adjustment) to obtain the enzymatically hydrolyzed mixture. The dosage of cellulase was 300 U / g (substrate: Codonopsis pilosula), and the dosage of β-glucosidase was 200 U / g (substrate: Codonopsis pilosula). (3) The enzymatically hydrolyzed mixture was boiled over low heat for 1 hour to obtain the decoction mixture; (4) Add ethanol to the decoction mixture, adjust the volume concentration of ethanol to 20%, reflux at 55°C for 1 hour, filter, concentrate the filtrate, freeze dry to obtain Codonopsis pilosula extract.

[0049] The method for preparing the food composition is as follows: S1. Mix Cordyceps militaris, red ginseng, and Ganoderma lucidum, grind them into coarse powder, add 25 times the weight of water and decoct three times, one hour each time, ensuring that no adverse phenomena such as scorching occur during the decoction process; filter, combine the filtrates to obtain the extract; concentrate the extract and freeze-dry for 12 hours to obtain the extract mixture; S2. The extract mixture is then mixed with bovine blood oligopeptides, collagen, β-carotene, Codonopsis pilosula extract, Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, isomaltooligosaccharide, creatine, taurine, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, guarana extract, green tea extract, green coffee extract, and L-carnitine to obtain a food composition.

[0050] Example 2 A food composition for enhancing exercise endurance comprises, by weight: 8 parts bovine blood oligopeptide, 12 parts collagen, 1.5 parts β-carotene, 18 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 15 parts Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, 15 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 7 parts creatine, 6 parts taurine, 0.3 parts vitamin B1, 0.3 parts vitamin B6, 8 parts guarana extract, 6 parts green tea extract, 6 parts green coffee extract, 2.5 parts L-carnitine, 7 parts Cordyceps militaris, 7 parts red ginseng, and 7 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

[0051] The preparation method of the Codonopsis pilosula extract is as follows: (1) After freezing, Codonopsis pilosula was thawed naturally and its tissue was destroyed under a pressure of 12 MPa. Then it was mixed with water to obtain a mixture with a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 15 mL. (2) The mixture was enzymatically hydrolyzed with cellulase and β-glucosidase at a temperature of 37°C for 8 hours and a pH of 6 (the pH was adjusted with citric acid) to obtain the enzymatically hydrolyzed mixture. The dosage of cellulase was 200 U / g (substrate: Codonopsis pilosula), and the dosage of β-glucosidase was 300 U / g (substrate: Codonopsis pilosula). (3) The enzymatically hydrolyzed mixture was boiled over low heat for 0.5 hours to obtain the decoction mixture; (4) Add ethanol to the decoction mixture, adjust the volume concentration of ethanol to 25%, reflux at 50°C for 2 hours, filter, concentrate the filtrate, freeze dry to obtain Codonopsis pilosula extract.

[0052] The preparation method of the food composition is the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Example 3 A food composition for enhancing exercise endurance comprises, by weight: 13 parts bovine blood oligopeptide, 18 parts collagen, 2.5 parts β-carotene, 24 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 22 parts Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, 25 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 9 parts creatine, 8 parts taurine, 0.5 parts vitamin B1, 0.5 parts vitamin B6, 12 parts guarana extract, 10 parts green tea extract, 10 parts green coffee extract, 4 parts L-carnitine, 10 parts Cordyceps militaris, 10 parts red ginseng, and 10 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

[0054] The preparation method of the Codonopsis pilosula extract is as follows: (1) After freezing, Codonopsis pilosula was thawed naturally and its tissue was destroyed under a pressure of 8 MPa. Then it was mixed with water to obtain a mixture with a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 25 mL. (2) The mixture was enzymatically hydrolyzed with cellulase and β-glucosidase at a temperature of 45°C for 4 hours and a pH of 7 (with citric acid used for pH adjustment) to obtain the enzymatically hydrolyzed mixture. The dosage of cellulase was 400 U / g (substrate: Codonopsis pilosula), and the dosage of β-glucosidase was 100 U / g (substrate: Codonopsis pilosula). (3) The enzymatically hydrolyzed mixture was boiled over low heat for 2 hours to obtain the decoction mixture; (4) Add ethanol to the decoction mixture, adjust the volume concentration of ethanol to 10%, reflux at 60℃ for 0.5h, filter, concentrate the filtrate, freeze dry to obtain Codonopsis pilosula extract.

[0055] The preparation method of the food composition is the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Example 4 A food composition for enhancing exercise endurance comprises, by weight: 6 parts bovine blood oligopeptide, 10 parts collagen, 1 part β-carotene, 15 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 13 parts Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, 10 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 5 parts creatine, 4 parts taurine, 0.2 parts vitamin B1, 0.2 parts vitamin B6, 5 parts guarana extract, 4 parts green tea extract, 4 parts green coffee extract, 2 parts L-carnitine, 5 parts Cordyceps militaris, 5 parts red ginseng, and 5 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

[0057] The preparation method of Codonopsis pilosula extract is the same as in Example 1.

[0058] The method for preparing the food composition is as follows: S1. Mix Cordyceps militaris, red ginseng, and Ganoderma lucidum, grind them into coarse powder, add 20 times the weight of water and decoct four times, each time for 0.5 hours, ensuring that no adverse phenomena such as scorching occur during the decoction process; filter, combine the filtrates to obtain the extract; concentrate the extract and freeze-dry for 12 hours to obtain the extract mixture; S2. The extract mixture is then mixed with bovine blood oligopeptides, collagen, β-carotene, Codonopsis pilosula extract, Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, isomaltooligosaccharide, creatine, taurine, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, guarana extract, green tea extract, green coffee extract, and L-carnitine to obtain a food composition.

[0059] Example 5 A food composition for enhancing exercise endurance comprises, by weight: 16 parts bovine blood oligopeptide, 20 parts collagen, 3 parts β-carotene, 26 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 25 parts Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, 30 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 10 parts creatine, 10 parts taurine, 0.6 parts vitamin B1, 0.6 parts vitamin B6, 15 parts guarana extract, 12 parts green tea extract, 12 parts green coffee extract, 5 parts L-carnitine, 12 parts Cordyceps militaris, 12 parts red ginseng, and 12 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

[0060] The preparation method of Codonopsis pilosula extract is the same as in Example 1.

[0061] The method for preparing the food composition is as follows: S1. Mix Cordyceps militaris, red ginseng, and Ganoderma lucidum, grind them into coarse powder, add 30 times the weight of water and decoct twice for 2 hours each time, ensuring that no adverse phenomena such as scorching occur during the decoction process; filter, combine the filtrates to obtain the extract; concentrate the extract and freeze-dry for 12 hours to obtain the extract mixture; S2. The extract mixture is then mixed with bovine blood oligopeptides, collagen, β-carotene, Codonopsis pilosula extract, Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, isomaltooligosaccharide, creatine, taurine, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, guarana extract, green tea extract, green coffee extract, and L-carnitine to obtain a food composition.

[0062] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that bovine blood oligopeptides were replaced with whey protein peptides. Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that the polysaccharide from Pleurotus eryngii is replaced with polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum. Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0064] The preparation method of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide is the same as that of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide: fresh Lycium barbarum is mixed with 20 times its weight of water, ground into a paste, and then extracted at 85℃ for 1 hour to obtain an extract; after decolorization, the extract is concentrated to a relative density of 1.05-1.10, ethanol is added to make the ethanol content of the mixture 75% (v / v), the precipitate is collected, and freeze-dried to obtain Lycium barbarum polysaccharide.

[0065] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that the polysaccharide from Pleurotus eryngii is replaced with polysaccharide from Matsutake mushrooms. Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0066] The preparation method of matsutake polysaccharide is as follows: fresh matsutake mushrooms are mixed with 20 times their weight of water, ground into a paste, and then extracted at 85℃ for 1 hour to obtain an extract. After decolorization, the extract is concentrated to a relative density of 1.05-1.10, and ethanol is added to make the ethanol content of the mixture 75% (v / v). The precipitate is collected and freeze-dried to obtain matsutake polysaccharide.

[0067] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that 7 parts taurine and 3 parts L-carnitine were replaced entirely with 10 parts glycine. Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0068] Comparative Example 5 Unlike Example 1, the weight ratio of each component in the food composition is different, specifically: A food composition for enhancing exercise endurance comprises, by weight: 10 parts bovine blood oligopeptide, 15 parts collagen, 2 parts β-carotene, 5 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 3 parts Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, 20 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 8 parts creatine, 34 parts taurine, 0.4 parts vitamin B1, 0.4 parts vitamin B6, 30 parts guarana extract, 2 parts green tea extract, 3 parts green coffee extract, 1 part L-carnitine, 9 parts Cordyceps militaris, 9 parts red ginseng, and 9 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

[0069] Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0070] Comparative Example 6 Unlike Example 1, the preparation method of Codonopsis pilosula extract is different; this comparative example did not undergo freeze-thaw treatment, but instead replaced freeze-thaw treatment with pulverization.

[0071] The preparation method of Codonopsis pilosula extract is as follows: Step (1) Codonopsis pilosula is crushed into coarse powder and then mixed with water to obtain a mixture with a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:20mL; Steps (2)-(4) are the same as in Example 1, and Codonopsis pilosula extract is obtained.

[0072] Comparative Example 7 Unlike Example 1, the preparation method of Codonopsis pilosula extract is different. In this comparative example, the decoction in step (3) is replaced with dilute ethanol extraction.

[0073] The preparation method of Codonopsis pilosula extract is as follows: Steps (1)-(2) are the same as in Example 1; Step (3) Add ethanol to the enzymatic hydrolysis mixture, adjust the volume concentration of ethanol to 20%, reflux at 55℃ for 1 hour, filter, concentrate the filtrate, freeze dry, and obtain Codonopsis pilosula extract.

[0074] Comparative Example 8 Unlike Example 1, the preparation method of Codonopsis pilosula extract is different. In this comparative example, ethanol in step (4) is replaced with water.

[0075] The preparation method of Codonopsis pilosula extract is as follows: Steps (1)-(3) are the same as in Example 1; Step (4) Add the same amount of water as the volume of ethanol in Step (4) of Example 1 to the decoction mixture, extract at 55°C for 1 hour, filter, concentrate the filtrate, freeze dry, and obtain Codonopsis pilosula extract.

[0076] Experiment 1: Polysaccharide extraction rate and polysaccharide content The polysaccharide content (%) of the Codonopsis pilosula extracts from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 6-8 was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method; each group had 3 parallel experiments.

[0077] The Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides obtained from each sample were dried to constant weight, the weight was recorded, and the yield (%) of Codonopsis pilosula extract was calculated.

[0078] Codonopsis pilosula extract yield (%) = weight of Codonopsis pilosula extract / weight of raw Codonopsis pilosula × 100%.

[0079] The yield (%) and polysaccharide content (%) of Codonopsis pilosula extract are shown in Table 2.

[0080] Table 2

[0081] A significant difference analysis was performed on the data in each column of Table 2, comparing the comparative group with the Example 1 group. △ This indicates that P < 0.05. △△ P < 0.01 indicates a significant difference.

[0082] As shown in Table 2, the Codonopsis pilosula extract of the present invention, using specific freeze-thaw extrusion treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis followed by decoction, and dilute ethanol extraction, can significantly improve the yield and polysaccharide content of the Codonopsis pilosula extract. This indicates that the preparation method of the present invention results in a higher yield and polysaccharide content of Codonopsis pilosula extract than conventional extraction methods.

[0083] Experiment 2: Protective effect against hypoxia in H9c2 cells Experimental methods: 1. Cell lines and grouping H9c2 cells were revived in DMEM high-glucose medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and cultured to a confluence of 80%-90% before being randomly grouped.

[0084] 2. Establishment of H9c2 cell hypoxia model After resuscitation and culture, H9c2 cells were passaged when the cell density reached 80%. Cells were digested with 0.25% trypsin, and after digestion, the cells were collected. The cells were washed twice with sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS, 0.01 mol / L, pH 7.2-7.3) and centrifuged at 1200 rpm for 3 min. Rat cardiomyocyte complete culture medium was added, and the cells were pipetted to prepare a single-cell suspension. The suspension was passaged at a 1:3 ratio and cultured at 37℃ under 5% CO2 and saturated humidity. H9c2 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were collected, and the cell density was adjusted to 5 × 10⁶ cells / year using culture medium (10% FBS + 1% penicillin-dextrose agar). 4 mL -1 .

[0085] After 24 hours of normal cell culture, the medium was replaced with hypoxic medium (containing 2% FBS). The normal control group continued to be cultured under normoxic conditions, while the hypoxic group was cultured in a tri-gas incubator containing 2% oxygen for 48 hours.

[0086] Experimental groups: normal control group, hypoxia group, Example 1 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), Example 2 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), Example 3 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), Example 4 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), Example 5 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), Comparative Example 1 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), Comparative Example 2 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), Comparative Example 3 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), Comparative Example 4 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), Comparative Example 5 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), Comparative Example 6 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), Comparative Example 7 group (food composition 2 mg / mL), and Comparative Example 8 group (food composition 2 mg / mL).

[0087] The normal control group was cultured under normoxic conditions. The example group and comparative group were pretreated with a food composition at a concentration of 2 mg / mL for 4 hours, then replaced with anoxic medium (containing 2% FBS) and cultured in a tri-gas incubator for 48 hours. The anoxic group was cultured in a tri-gas incubator containing 2% oxygen for 48 hours.

[0088] 3. Cell viability assay After cell treatment, experiments were conducted according to the CCK8 cell proliferation kit instructions. The absorbance (OD450) of each well was measured using an ELISA reader, and the measurement was repeated three times.

[0089] The results of the detection of the survival rate of hypoxic H9c2 cells by each group of food compositions are shown in Table 3.

[0090] Table 3

[0091] Table 3 shows the comparison between each group and the normal control group. ※ This indicates that P < 0.05. ※※ P < 0.01 indicates a significant difference; compared with the hypoxia group, the example group and the comparative group, respectively, ## P < 0.01 indicates a significant difference; compared with Example 1 group, the comparative example group, △ This indicates that P < 0.05. △△ P < 0.01 indicates a significant difference.

[0092] As shown in Table 3, compared with the normal control group, the survival rate of hypoxic H9c2 cells decreased to a certain extent. Compared with the hypoxia group, the survival rate of hypoxic H9c2 cells in each example group and the comparative example group was significantly improved (P<0.01). The cell survival rate in the hypoxia group was significantly reduced, indicating that hypoxia caused certain damage to H9c2 cardiomyocytes, and the model was successfully established.

[0093] The survival rate of H9c2 hypoxic cells in the embodiment group of this invention was 86.3%-89.8%, significantly higher than that in all comparative groups. This indicates that the food composition with specific components and proportions of this invention significantly improves the survival rate of H9c2 hypoxic cells, thereby enhancing hypoxia tolerance, exercise endurance, and immunity.

[0094] Experiment 3 Animal Experiment 1. Experimental grouping and gavage treatment methods Kunming mice (18-22g) were acclimatized in a GLP-compliant animal facility for one week. The mice were then randomly divided into 12 groups: the model group, Example 1-Example 5 groups, and Comparative Example 1-Comparative Example 6 groups, with 10 mice in each group.

[0095] Examples 1-5, Comparative Examples 1-6: Each group was given the food composition prepared in the corresponding group once a day by gavage, 2g / kg each time, for 4 consecutive weeks. The rest of the time, the group had free access to water and food.

[0096] Model group: The same dose of physiological saline was administered by gavage during the corresponding time period, and the rest of the time was spent drinking water and eating freely.

[0097] 2. Exhaustion Swimming Experiment Method Thirty minutes after the last administration of the drug, mice in the model group, Examples 1-5, and Comparative Examples 1-6 were subjected to an exhaustive swimming experiment. Thirty minutes after the last gavage administration of the test substance, each mouse was given a lead wire weighing 5% of its body weight at the base of its tail and swam in a water tank with a water temperature of 25±1℃ and a water depth of 30cm. The exhaustive swimming time was recorded from the start of swimming until the mouse sank to the bottom and could not float for 10 seconds.

[0098] 3. Biochemical index determination After the exhaustive swimming experiment, the mice were taken out and rested for 60 minutes, and blood was collected from their eyeballs. Then, their liver tissue was collected and stored at -80℃. The levels of hepatic glycogen (HG), blood lactic acid (BLA), and serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured according to the kit instructions.

[0099] Experimental data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. One-way ANOVA was used to process the data. P < 0.05 indicates a significant difference, and P < 0.01 indicates a highly significant difference.

[0100] The results of the mice's exhaustive swimming time (s) and biochemical indicators are shown in Table 4.

[0101] Table 4

[0102] In Table 4, the example group and the comparative example group are compared with the model group. # This indicates that P < 0.05. ## P < 0.01 indicates a significant difference; compared with Example 1 group, the comparative example group, △ This indicates that P < 0.05. △△ P < 0.01 indicates a significant difference.

[0103] As shown in Table 4, the food composition of the present invention can significantly increase the swimming time to exhaustion under weight-bearing conditions in mice, increase the HG content in mice after exercise, and decrease the BLA and BUN content in mice after exercise, indicating that it has good anti-fatigue ability. Compared with the comparative example, the food composition of the present invention has higher swimming time to exhaustion under weight-bearing conditions and higher HG content in mice, while the BLA and BUN content are lower. This indicates that the food composition of the present invention with specific components, proportions, and preparation methods provides better anti-fatigue performance than conventional components. The technical solution of the present invention has better fatigue resistance, improves exercise endurance, and relieves physical fatigue.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention do not depart from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A food composition for enhancing athletic endurance, characterized in that, By weight, the ingredients include: 6-16 parts bovine blood oligopeptides, 10-20 parts collagen, 1-3 parts β-carotene, 15-26 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 13-25 parts Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, 10-30 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 5-10 parts creatine, 4-10 parts taurine, 0.2-0.6 parts vitamin B1, 0.2-0.6 parts vitamin B6, 5-15 parts guarana extract, 4-12 parts green tea extract, 4-12 parts green coffee extract, 2-5 parts L-carnitine, 5-12 parts Cordyceps militaris, 5-12 parts red ginseng, and 5-12 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

2. The food composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight, the components include: 8-13 parts bovine blood oligopeptides, 12-18 parts collagen, 1.5-2.5 parts β-carotene, 18-24 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 15-22 parts Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, 15-25 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 7-9 parts creatine, 6-8 parts taurine, 0.3-0.5 parts vitamin B1, 0.3-0.5 parts vitamin B6, 8-12 parts guarana extract, 6-10 parts green tea extract, 6-10 parts green coffee extract, 2.5-4 parts L-carnitine, 7-10 parts Cordyceps militaris, 7-10 parts red ginseng, and 7-10 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

3. The food composition according to claim 2, characterized in that, By weight, the ingredients include: 10 parts bovine blood oligopeptides, 15 parts collagen, 2 parts β-carotene, 22 parts Codonopsis pilosula extract, 20 parts Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, 20 parts isomaltooligosaccharide, 8 parts creatine, 7 parts taurine, 0.4 parts vitamin B1, 0.4 parts vitamin B6, 10 parts guarana extract, 8 parts green tea extract, 8 parts green coffee extract, 3 parts L-carnitine, 9 parts Cordyceps militaris, 9 parts red ginseng, and 9 parts Ganoderma lucidum.

4. The food composition according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The preparation method of the Codonopsis pilosula extract includes the following steps: (1) After freezing, Codonopsis pilosula is thawed, squeezed, and mixed with water to obtain a mixture; (2) The mixture was enzymatically hydrolyzed with cellulase and β-glucosidase to obtain an enzymatically hydrolyzed mixture; (3) The mixture was enzymatically hydrolyzed and then boiled to obtain a boiled mixture; (4) Add ethanol to the decoction mixture, adjust the volume concentration of ethanol to 10%-25%, reflux for extraction, filter, concentrate the filtrate, and dry to obtain Codonopsis pilosula extract.

5. The food composition according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (1), the extrusion force is 8-12 MPa; in step (1), the solid-liquid ratio of Codonopsis pilosula and water in the mixture is 1 g: 15-25 mL.

6. The food composition according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (2), the amount of cellulase used is 200-400 U / g, and the substrate is Codonopsis pilosula; the amount of β-glucosidase used is 100-300 U / g, and the substrate is Codonopsis pilosula. In step (2), the conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis are: temperature 37-45℃, time 4-8h, and pH 6-7.

7. The food composition according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (3), the simmering is done over low heat for 0.5-2 hours. In step (4), the volume concentration of ethanol is adjusted to 20%; in step (4), the reflux extraction is performed at an extraction temperature of 50-60℃ and an extraction time of 0.5-2h.

8. A method for preparing the food composition according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Mix Cordyceps militaris, red ginseng and Ganoderma lucidum, add water to extract, concentrate the extract to obtain an extract mixture; S2. The extract mixture is then mixed with bovine blood oligopeptides, collagen, β-carotene, Codonopsis pilosula extract, Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide, isomaltooligosaccharide, creatine, taurine, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, guarana extract, green tea extract, green coffee extract, and L-carnitine to obtain a food composition.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S1, the water extraction specifically involves: mixing Cordyceps militaris, red ginseng, and Ganoderma lucidum, pulverizing them into coarse powder, adding 20-30 times the weight of water, and decocting and extracting 2-4 times, each time for 0.5-2 hours; filtering, combining the filtrates to obtain the extract; concentrating the extract, drying it, and obtaining the extract mixture.

10. The use of the food composition according to any one of claims 1-7 in the preparation of food with enhanced exercise endurance, relief of physical fatigue, improvement of muscle strength, enhancement of immunity, and tolerance to hypoxia.

Images