Water-free peeling and degumming method and system based on built-in airflow collaborative degumming

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-free peeling and degumming method and system based on built-in airflow collaborative glue discharging. The method comprises the following steps that materials to be peeled and degummed are evenly distributed and conveyed to a plurality of degumming stations respectively; in each degumming station, the materials are treated through a hollow rotating shaft which has a mechanical extrusion function and an internal airflow channel at the same time, the materials are extruded and rubbed through a conveying blade and a flexible degumming rod which are arranged on the hollow rotating shaft, and high-pressure airflow is sprayed out from vent holes in the side wall of the airflow channel in the hollow rotating shaft; high-pressure airflow sprayed out of the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft penetrates through the extruded and conveyed material layer, and carries peel and pectin stripped from the material to jointly penetrate through a screen arranged in a degumming station; and respectively discharging the pericarp pectin penetrating through the screen mesh and the material which is left on the inner side of the screen mesh and is subjected to pericarp pectin removal. According to the invention, high-pressure airflow is built in and cooperates with a mechanical extrusion process, so that efficient degumming and separation of materials under an anhydrous condition can be realized, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural production equipment technology, specifically to a waterless peeling and degumming method and system based on built-in airflow coordinated degumming. Background Technology

[0002] my country has approximately 35,000 mu (about 2,000 hectares) of pepper cultivation area, producing about 40,000 tons of white pepper annually, with a comprehensive output value of about 5 billion yuan, making it a major producer and consumer of white pepper in the world. my country's pepper industry primarily focuses on primary processing, with white pepper and black pepper being the main products. Black pepper production involves two main steps: first, fresh peppercorns are repeatedly rubbed by hand until the peppercorns are completely separated from the stems. This process is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and extremely harmful to the skin and eyes. Finally, the rubbed peppercorns are repeatedly dried to obtain black pepper. White pepper processing uses a traditional hand-made wet method. Freshly harvested peppercorns are bagged and soaked in pools or rivers until the peel and pulp are fully decomposed. Then, the peppercorns are removed and rubbed by hand to remove the stems, peel, and pectin. Finally, they are naturally dried. Overall, my country's pepper processing has long relied on traditional manual processing methods, which have led to numerous problems such as water pollution, low efficiency, food safety issues, and passive pricing. This is extremely inconsistent with the green, healthy, and sustainable development of the pepper industry and seriously restricts the expansion and strengthening of the pepper industry.

[0003] In addition, in the coffee industry, my country's cultivation area exceeds 1.39 million mu (approximately 95,333 hectares), and the total national coffee output in 2021 reached over 100,000 tons, with a comprehensive output value exceeding 10 billion yuan. Currently, over 98% of primary coffee processing both domestically and internationally utilizes the washed method. This method produces coffee beans with good cleanliness, high sweetness, and strong plasticity, making it a widely adopted method. However, its drawbacks include a monotonous flavor, poor smoothness, insufficient body, lack of complexity, and a relatively simple and short finish. Based on different main processes, the washed method is divided into three types: fully washed, semi-washed, and wet-hulled, primarily differing in the degumming method. The fully washed method mainly includes mechanical peeling of fresh fruit, soaking and fermentation of honey beans, manual washing and degumming, drying, and milling. The semi-washed method mainly includes mechanical peeling of fresh fruit, mechanical degumming of honey beans, drying, and milling. The wet-hulled method mainly includes mechanical peeling of fresh fruit, soaking and fermentation of honey beans, mechanical stirring and degumming, drying, and milling. The above analysis shows that the core process of coffee primary processing is degumming. The full washing method uses manual degumming through composting, while the semi-washed and wet planing methods use mechanical degumming combined with water rinsing. In other words, the degumming process requires a large amount of clean water and discharges an equal amount of wastewater. This process not only consumes a large amount of water resources but also causes significant damage to the ecological environment.

[0004] How to completely solve the water pollution problem in the initial processing of pepper and coffee is the primary and most prominent issue currently facing my country's pepper and coffee processing industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waterless peeling and degumming method and system based on built-in airflow coordinated degumming. Through the coordinated work of built-in airflow and extrusion components, fruit peels and pectin are efficiently peeled and discharged in real time under waterless conditions, realizing automated and continuous degumming treatment of materials, while avoiding the water consumption and environmental pollution problems of traditional water washing processes.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides an anhydrous peeling and degumming method based on built-in airflow coordinated glue removal, comprising the following steps: S1. Distribute the materials to be peeled and degummed evenly and convey them to multiple degumming stations; S2. In each of the degumming stations, the material is processed by a hollow rotating shaft that has both mechanical extrusion function and internal airflow channel. The conveying blades and flexible degumming rods on the hollow rotating shaft extrude and rub the material to peel off the fruit peel and pectin on the surface of the material, and high-pressure airflow is ejected from the ventilation holes on the side wall of the internal airflow channel of the hollow rotating shaft. S3. The high-pressure airflow ejected from the side wall of the hollow shaft penetrates the material layer that is being squeezed and conveyed, and carries the fruit peel and pectin peeled off from the material through the screen set in the degumming station. S4. The fruit peel and pectin that have passed through the screen are discharged and collected through the first outlet, and the material that has been de-peeled and remains inside the screen is discharged and collected through the second outlet.

[0007] This invention also provides a waterless peeling and degumming system based on built-in airflow coordinated degumming, including a material distribution device, multiple feeding devices, multiple degumming units, a fan, and a controller. The material distribution device has a feeding port at the top, a material distribution auger inside, and multiple material distribution ports at the bottom corresponding to the material distribution auger. The top of one end of each feeding device is connected to one of the material distribution ports via a receiving port, and the other end has a feeding port. The feeding devices convey the material to the corresponding degumming unit. The degumming unit includes a degumming cylinder, a screen, an outer cylinder, an extrusion conveying component, and a drive system. One side of the bottom of the degumming cylinder is connected to the corresponding feeding port, and a second discharge port is provided near the top. The screen is located in the middle of the degumming cylinder. The screen is nested inside an outer cylinder, with a first discharge port at the bottom of the outer cylinder. The extrusion conveying component is located inside the degumming cylinder. The extrusion conveying component includes a central hollow rotating shaft, conveying blades, and a flexible degumming rod. The conveying blades and the flexible degumming rod are respectively disposed outside the hollow rotating shaft. The sidewall of the hollow rotating shaft is densely covered with ventilation holes, and its bottom end extends below the degumming cylinder and has an airflow inlet. The drive system drives the hollow rotating shaft to rotate. The air outlet of the blower is connected to the airflow inlet of the hollow rotating shaft via a pipe, providing high-pressure airflow into the hollow rotating shaft. The material distribution device, the feeding device, and the drive system are electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a first conveyor belt, with each of the first discharge ports correspondingly positioned above the first conveyor belt.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a second conveyor belt, with each of the second discharge ports being correspondingly positioned above the second conveyor belt via guide grooves.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive system includes a motor and a belt drive mechanism, wherein the motor drives the hollow shaft to rotate via the belt drive mechanism.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The waterless peeling and degumming system based on built-in airflow coordinated degumming is a waterless peeling and degumming device for pepper and coffee. With waterless peeling and degumming as the core, it can completely solve the problems of wastewater discharge and serious damage to the ecological environment faced in the primary processing of coffee and pepper, and realize waterless and environmentally friendly processing of coffee and pepper.

[0012] 2. The waterless peeling and degumming system based on built-in airflow coordinated glue discharge of the present invention, through the matching of related material conveying equipment, realizes the automatic feeding, automatic discharging, automatic peeling and degumming, and automatic glue discharge of the production line, realizing the production line and automation, reducing the labor consumption in the coffee and pepper processing process, and achieving the purpose of improving work efficiency and increasing economic income.

[0013] 3. In the anhydrous degumming and degumming method based on built-in airflow coordinated degumming of the present invention, when degumming and degumming products, the degummed coffee beans or roasted fresh peppercorns are first conveyed to the feeding port. The controller controls the rotation of the distributing auger and distributes the materials to each feeding device. Subsequently, under the action of the controller, the feeding devices convey the materials one by one to the corresponding degumming cylinders. The extrusion and conveying components inside the degumming machine extrude and convey the materials under the action of the drive system; wherein, the extrusion and conveying is achieved by the rotation of the hollow rotating shaft, and the materials are extruded and conveyed. While peeling and degumming are being carried out, the blower blows air into the hollow rotating shaft. The airflow is blown into the degumming cylinder through several ventilation holes densely distributed on the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft, passes through the gaps between the materials, and is discharged through the gaps in the screen. Under the action of this high-pressure airflow, the peels and pectin removed inside the degumming cylinder pass through the screen into the outer cylinder, and is finally discharged to the first conveyor belt through the first discharge port for outward conveying. The materials that have been peeled and degummed are squeezed and conveyed upward by the conveyor components until they are discharged through the second discharge port, thus completing the anhydrous degumming of materials such as coffee and pepper. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the waterless peeling and degumming system based on built-in airflow coordinated glue removal in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the waterless peeling and degumming system based on built-in airflow coordinated glue removal according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Material distribution device; 2. Feeding port; 3. Distributing port; 4. Feeding device; 5. Receiving port; 6. Feeding port; 7. Degumming cylinder; 8. Screen; 9. Outer cylinder; 10. First discharge port; 11. Second discharge port; 12. Controller; 13. Fan; 14. First conveyor belt; 15. Second conveyor belt; 16. Hollow rotating shaft; 17. Conveying blades; 18. Flexible degumming rod. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1 The waterless peeling and degumming method based on built-in airflow coordinated glue removal in this embodiment 1 includes the following steps: S1. Distribute the materials to be peeled and degummed evenly and convey them to multiple degumming stations; S2. In each of the degumming stations, the material is processed by a hollow rotating shaft 16 that has both mechanical extrusion function and internal airflow channel. The conveying blades and flexible degumming rods on the hollow rotating shaft 16 extrude and rub the material to peel off the fruit peel and pectin on the surface of the material, and high-pressure airflow is ejected from the side wall ventilation holes of the internal airflow channel of the hollow rotating shaft 16. S3. The high-pressure airflow ejected from the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft 16 penetrates the material layer that is being squeezed and conveyed, and carries the fruit peel and pectin peeled off from the material through the screen set in the degumming station. S4. The fruit peel and pectin that have passed through the screen are discharged and collected through the first discharge port 10, and the material that has been de-peeled and remains inside the screen is discharged and collected through the second discharge port 11.

[0022] At this time, when the waterless peeling and degumming method based on built-in airflow coordinated degumming in Embodiment 1 is used to peel and degumm the product, the peeled coffee beans or roasted pepper fruits are first transported to the feeding port 2. The controller 12 controls the rotation of the distributing auger and distributes the material to each feeding device 4. Subsequently, under the action of the controller 12, the feeding device 4 conveys the material one by one to the corresponding degumming cylinder 7. The extrusion conveying component in the degumming machine extrudes and conveys the material under the action of the drive system; wherein, the extrusion conveying is achieved by the rotation of the hollow rotating shaft 16, and the material is degummed. While the peels and gums are being removed, the blower 13 blows air into the hollow rotating shaft 16. The airflow is blown into the degumming cylinder 7 through several ventilation holes densely distributed on the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft 16, passes through the gaps between the materials, and is discharged through the gaps in the screen 8. Under the action of this high-pressure airflow, the peels and gums removed inside the degumming cylinder 7 pass through the screen 8 and enter the outer cylinder 9. Finally, they are discharged through the first discharge port 10 and sent to the first conveyor belt 14 for outward conveying. The materials that have been degummed of peels and gums are squeezed and conveyed upward by the conveying components until they are discharged through the second discharge port 11, thus completing the anhydrous degumming of coffee, pepper and other materials.

[0023] Example 2 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the waterless peeling and degumming system based on built-in airflow coordinated degumming in this embodiment 2 includes a material distribution device 1, multiple feeding devices 4, multiple degumming units, a fan 13, and a controller 12. The material distribution device 1 has a feeding port 2 at the top, a material distribution auger inside, and multiple material distribution ports 3 at the bottom corresponding to the material distribution auger. Multiple feeding devices 4 are arranged, and the top of one end of each feeding device 4 is connected to the material distribution port 3 through a receiving port 5, and the other end is provided with a feeding port 6. Multiple degumming cylinders 7 are arranged, each corresponding to one of the feeding devices 4. Each degumming cylinder 7 has a screen 8 in the middle and an outer cylinder 9 nested outside the screen 8. One side of the bottom of the degumming cylinder 7 is connected to the corresponding feeding port 6. The bottom of the outer cylinder 9 has a first discharge port 10, and the side of the degumming cylinder 7 near the top has a second discharge port 11. The degumming cylinder 7 has an extrusion conveying component inside, as well as a drive system for driving the extrusion conveying component. The material distribution device 1, the feeding devices 4, and the drive system are electrically connected to the controller 12.

[0024] In this embodiment, by adopting the above structure, when dehulling and degumming the product, the dehulled coffee beans or ripened fresh peppercorns are first conveyed into the feeding port 2. The controller 12 controls the rotating of the distributing auger and distributes the material to each feeding device 4. Under the action of the controller 12, the feeding device 4 conveys the material one by one to the corresponding degumming cylinder 7. The extrusion conveying component inside the degumming machine extrudes and conveys the material under the action of the drive system. Among them, the material with the peel and gum removed is conveyed upward by the extrusion conveying component until it is discharged through the second discharge port 11, while the peel and gum removed from the material are squeezed out of the degumming cylinder 7 through the screen 8 and discharged outward through the outer cylinder 9 to the first discharge port 10.

[0025] Furthermore, the waterless peeling and degumming system based on built-in airflow coordinated glue discharge in this embodiment 2 also includes a fan 13, the air outlet of which is connected to the bottom of the degumming cylinder 7 through a pipe.

[0026] It also includes a first conveyor belt 14, with each first discharge port 10 corresponding to the area above the first conveyor belt 14; preferably, it also includes a second conveyor belt 15, with the second discharge port 11 corresponding to the area above the second conveyor belt 15 via a guide groove.

[0027] Specifically, the extrusion conveying component includes a hollow rotating shaft 16 that fits in the center of the degumming cylinder 7. The drive system includes a motor and a belt drive mechanism. The top of the hollow rotating shaft 16 is connected to the belt drive mechanism. At this time, the bottom of the hollow rotating shaft 16 extends downwards from the degumming cylinder 7 and is connected to the air outlet of the blower 13. The hollow rotating shaft 16 is provided with conveying blades 17 and flexible degumming rods 18 that fit inside the degumming cylinder 7.

[0028] In this embodiment, the material is peeled and degummed by the complete extrusion and conveying through the rotation of the hollow shaft 16. The blower 13 blows air into the hollow shaft 16, and the airflow is blown into the degumming cylinder 7 through several ventilation holes densely distributed on the side wall of the hollow shaft 16. The airflow passes through the gaps in the material and is discharged through the gaps in the screen 8. During this process, under the action of high-pressure airflow, the fruit peels and pectin removed inside the degumming cylinder 7 enter the outer cylinder 9 through the screen 8 and are finally discharged through the first discharge port 10 to the first conveyor belt 14 for outward conveying, thereby completing the anhydrous degumming of materials such as coffee and pepper.

[0029] The waterless peeling and degumming system based on built-in airflow coordinated degumming in Embodiment 2 changes the traditional processing technology and completely solves the problem of using a large amount of water and discharging wastewater that damages the ecological environment in the initial processing of coffee and pepper. It realizes waterless and environmentally friendly processing of coffee and pepper. In addition, it realizes streamlined and automated processing, which greatly reduces labor intensity and labor, thereby improving work efficiency and increasing economic income.

[0030] In summary, the waterless peeling and degumming system based on built-in airflow coordinated glue removal in Embodiment 2 is a waterless peeling and degumming device for pepper and coffee. With waterless peeling and degumming as its core, and equipped with related material conveying equipment, this system can achieve full automation of the entire process, including automatic feeding, automatic discharging, automatic peeling and degumming, and automatic glue removal. Replacing existing water-added or micro-water peeling and degumming machines with this system can fundamentally solve the wastewater discharge problem in the initial processing of coffee and pepper, avoiding serious damage to the ecological environment. Simultaneously, it enables streamlined processing and production of waterless peeling and degumming for coffee and pepper, significantly reducing labor consumption and improving production efficiency, thereby effectively solving the current environmental pollution problems.

[0031] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-aqueous peeling and degumming method based on built-in air flow and cooperative gum discharge, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1, the material to be peeled and degummed is evenly distributed and transported to multiple degumming stations respectively; S2, in each degumming station, the material is processed by a hollow rotating shaft (16) with mechanical extrusion function and internal airflow channel, the conveying blades and flexible degumming rods arranged on the hollow rotating shaft (16) extrude and rub the material to peel off the peel and pectin on the surface of the material, and high-pressure airflow is sprayed from the side wall vent hole of the internal airflow channel of the hollow rotating shaft (16); S3, the high-pressure airflow sprayed from the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft (16) penetrates the material layer being extruded and conveyed, and carries the peel and pectin peeled off from the material to pass through the screen mesh arranged in the degumming station; S4, the peel and pectin passing through the screen mesh are discharged through the first discharge port (10) and collected, and the material after the peel and pectin are removed and left inside the screen mesh is discharged through the second discharge port (11) and collected.

2. A non-aqueous peeling and degumming system based on built-in air flow and cooperative degumming, characterized in that, It comprises a material distribution device (1), multiple feeding devices (4), multiple degumming units, a fan (13) and a controller (12), the top of the material distribution device (1) is provided with a feeding port (2), the inside is provided with a material distribution dragon, and the bottom is provided with multiple material distribution ports (3) corresponding to the material distribution dragon, one end of each feeding device (4) is communicated with one material distribution port (3) through a material collecting port (5) at the top, and the other end is provided with a feeding port (6), the feeding device (4) conveys the material to the corresponding degumming unit, the degumming unit comprises a degumming cylinder (7), a screen mesh (8), an outer cylinder (9), an extrusion conveying component and a driving system, one side of the bottom of the degumming cylinder (7) is communicated with the corresponding feeding port (6), and the side close to the top is provided with a second discharge port (11), the screen mesh (8) is arranged in the middle of the degumming cylinder (7), the outer cylinder (9) is nested outside the screen mesh (8), the outer cylinder (9) is provided with a first discharge port (10) at the bottom, the extrusion conveying component is arranged inside the degumming cylinder (7), the extrusion conveying component comprises a central hollow rotating shaft (16), conveying blades (17) and flexible degumming rods (18), the conveying blades (17) and the flexible degumming rods (18) are arranged outside the hollow rotating shaft (16) respectively, the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft (16) is densely provided with vent holes, and the bottom end extends to below the degumming cylinder (7) and is provided with an airflow inlet, the driving system is used to drive the hollow rotating shaft (16) to rotate, the air outlet of the fan (13) is communicated with the airflow inlet of the hollow rotating shaft (16) through a pipeline, and is used to provide high-pressure airflow into the hollow rotating shaft (16), and the material distribution device (1), the feeding device (4) and the driving system are electrically connected with the controller (12) respectively.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein, It also comprises a first conveying belt (14), and each first discharge port (10) is arranged above the first conveying belt (14).

4. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, It also comprises a second conveying belt (15), and each second discharge port (11) is arranged above the second conveying belt (15) through a guide groove.

5. The in-built air flow assisted non-aqueous peeling and degumming system based on simultaneous gum removal according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The drive system comprises a motor and a belt drive, by which the motor drives the hollow shaft (16) in rotation.

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