Dairy cow nipple pre-medicated bath liquid adopting lactic acid as main bactericidal component and preparation method of dairy cow nipple pre-medicated bath liquid

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding disinfection, and particularly provides a dairy cow nipple pre-dipping liquid adopting lactic acid as a bactericidal ingredient, the dairy cow nipple pre-dipping liquid comprises the following raw materials: lactic acid, a plant bactericide, a surfactant, a PH buffer agent and deionized water; the preparation method of the dairy cow nipple pre-dipping liquid adopting lactic acid as a main bactericidal component comprises the following steps: S1, mixing and stirring deionized water, lactic acid, a surfactant and a PH buffer agent; s2, adding a mint extract and a thyme extract, and continuously stirring; and S3, finally adjusting the pH value of the mixture system to 3.0-4.5. According to the invention, lactic acid is adopted as a main liquid medicine, and the lactic acid, the plant fungicide and the surfactant are compounded to realize synergistic interaction, so that the prepared finished product has the advantages of high sterilization speed, remarkable synergistic effect, high organic pollution resistance, environmental and skin friendliness, stable formula and convenience in use; the use requirements of large-scale breeding in a pasture can be met. In conclusion, the method has a good application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of disinfection technology in animal husbandry, and in particular to a pre-teeth bath solution for dairy cows using lactic acid as the main bactericidal component and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In dairy farming, the cleaning and disinfection of cow teats are crucial for ensuring milk quality and preventing mastitis. Pre-milking teat baths, as a core disinfection step before milking, directly impact farming efficiency and product safety. Mastitis, a common disease in dairy farming, is primarily caused by pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus, and Bacillus, which invade mammary gland tissue through the teats. It not only leads to decreased milk production but also causes quality problems such as increased white blood cells and off-odors in the milk. In severe cases, it can even lead to the culling of cows, resulting in significant economic losses for farms. Traditional pre-milking teat bath products often use iodine preparations (such as povidone-iodine and povidone-iodine). While these products have some bactericidal effect, their use is increasingly restricted due to rising safety and environmental protection requirements in high-end dairy farms. Specifically, on the one hand, iodine preparations may leave residues on the surface of cows' teats after use. During milking, a small amount of residue may mix into the milk, affecting the purity and taste of high-end milk and failing to meet the production standards for high-end dairy products such as organic milk and green milk. On the other hand, the waste liquid from the use of iodine preparations, when discharged into the environment, may have potential impacts on soil and aquatic ecosystems due to the iodine ions present. Furthermore, long-term use can damage the natural oil protective layer (skin barrier) on the surface of cows' teat skin, leading to dry and cracked teat skin, which in turn increases the risk of bacterial invasion and exacerbates the probability of mastitis.

[0003] To replace iodine preparations, the industry has been exploring the use of natural organic acids such as lactic acid, citric acid, and acetic acid as bactericidal ingredients in the development of medicated bath products. Among these, lactic acid has become a preferred alternative to iodine preparations in high-end ranches due to its unique advantages, including natural origin, environmental friendliness, lack of residue, and gentleness on the skin. However, in practical applications, it has been found that the bactericidal effect of lactic acid alone has significant shortcomings, making it difficult to meet the specific requirements of pre-medicated bath applications. The specific reasons are as follows: First, to ensure milking efficiency during the pre-drinking process, the medicated bath solution only stays on the cow's teat for 10-15 seconds. The bactericidal effect of lactic acid alone relies on the slow penetration of molecular lactic acid into bacterial cell membranes, resulting in a slow bactericidal rate. Within 10-15 seconds, the bactericidal rate against common pathogens is usually less than 90%, failing to effectively block pathogen invasion. Second, in the dairy farming environment, the teat surface is easily contaminated with organic matter such as feces, feed residue, and soil particles. This organic matter combines with lactic acid, reducing its effective concentration and forming a protective film on the bacterial surface, hindering contact between lactic acid and bacteria. This further reduces the bactericidal effect of lactic acid alone in organically polluted environments, with the bactericidal rate potentially dropping below 70%, compromising disinfection reliability. Finally, the surface tension of a lactic acid solution is relatively high, making it difficult to form a uniform coating on the teat surface, easily creating disinfection dead zones and further affecting the disinfection effect. Therefore, developing a pre-drinking solution for dairy cows with lactic acid as the core bactericidal ingredient, which combines rapid bactericidal effect, resistance to organic pollution, and is environmentally friendly and gentle on the cow's teat skin, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in the field of livestock disinfection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing single lactic acid-based medicated bath products, such as slow sterilization speed and poor resistance to organic pollution, this invention provides a pre-teeth medicated bath solution for dairy cows using lactic acid as the main medicated solution. The synergistic effect is achieved through a ternary compound of lactic acid, plant bactericides (peppermint, thyme), and surfactants. The resulting product ensures rapid sterilization within a short residence time, while significantly improving resistance to organic pollution, and possesses good environmental compatibility and mildness.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: A pre-teasing medicated bath solution for dairy cows, using lactic acid as the bactericidal component, comprises lactic acid, plant-based bactericides, surfactants, pH buffers, and deionized water. By weight percentage, the lactic acid content is 4%-5%, the plant-based bactericide is 4.5%-5.5%, the surfactant is 14.5%-15.5%, the pH buffer is 0.4%-0.6%, and the remainder is deionized water. The plant-based bactericide is a combination of peppermint and thyme extracts. The preparation method of the pre-teasing medicated bath solution for dairy cows, using lactic acid as the main bactericidal component, includes the following steps: S1: Adding deionized water to a stirring vessel and stirring at room temperature, then slowly adding lactic acid, surfactants, and... S1: Add pH buffer, stirring for 8-11 minutes after each component is added until completely dissolved; S2: Add peppermint extract and thyme extract, and continue stirring for 12-17 minutes until the system is homogeneous; S3: Finally, adjust the pH of the mixture to 3.0-4.5, and continue stirring for 18-22 minutes to obtain a homogeneous and transparent bath solution for bottling and later use.

[0006] Furthermore, the lactic acid is L-lactic acid of natural origin.

[0007] Furthermore, the plant fungicide contains 2%-3% peppermint extract and 2%-3% thyme extract, and the effective ingredient content of peppermint extract and thyme extract is ≥50%.

[0008] Furthermore, the active ingredients of the peppermint extract are menthol and menthone, and the active ingredients of the thyme extract are thymol and carvacrol.

[0009] Furthermore, the surfactant is composed of amphoteric and nonionic surfactants, specifically cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramide propyl betaine, and alkyl glycosides compounded in a certain mass ratio.

[0010] Furthermore, in the surfactant, cocamidopropyl betaine accounts for 4.5%-5.5%, lauramide propyl betaine accounts for 4.5%-5.5%, and alkyl glycoside accounts for 4.5%-5.5%.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of the alkyl glycoside is between 12 and 14.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention uses lactic acid as the main medicinal solution, and achieves synergistic effects through a ternary compound of lactic acid, plant fungicides (peppermint, thyme), and surfactants. The resulting product has the advantages of rapid sterilization, significant synergistic effect, strong resistance to organic pollution, environmental and skin-friendly properties, stable formula, and convenient use, making it suitable for the needs of large-scale ranching. In summary, this invention has good application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the preparation method of the pre-teeth medicated bath solution for dairy cows, which uses lactic acid as the main bactericidal component according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] A pre-teeth medicated bath solution for dairy cows using lactic acid as a bactericidal ingredient, by weight percentage, Example 1, comprises: 4.5% lactic acid, 5.0% plant-based bactericide, 15.0% surfactant, 0.5% pH buffer, and the balance being deionized water (75%). Example 2, comprises: 4% lactic acid, 5.5% plant-based bactericide, 15% surfactant, 0.5% pH buffer, and the balance being deionized water (75%). Example 3, comprises: 5% lactic acid, 4.5% plant-based bactericide, 14.9% surfactant, 0.6% pH buffer, and the balance being deionized water (75%).

[0016] Lactic acid is naturally sourced L-lactic acid; the plant fungicide is a compound of peppermint extract and thyme extract in a certain mass ratio, for example, peppermint extract accounts for 2%-3% (2.5% in this example) and thyme extract accounts for 2%-3% (2.5% in this example), and the effective ingredient content of peppermint extract and thyme extract is ≥50%, the effective ingredients of peppermint extract are menthol and menthone, and the effective ingredients of thyme extract are thymol and carvacrol. The surfactant is composed of amphoteric surfactants and nonionic surfactants, specifically cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB-35), lauramide propyl betaine (LAB-30) and alkyl glycosides in a certain mass ratio, for example, CAB-35 accounts for 4.5%-5.5% (5.0% in this example), LAB-30 accounts for 4.5%-5.5% (5.0% in this example), and alkyl glycosides account for 4.5%-5.5% (5.0% in this example). The pH value of the medicated bath solution is adjusted to 3.0-4.5 (4 in this embodiment). This pH range was determined through extensive testing and optimization. When the pH value is below 3.0, although the bactericidal activity of lactic acid is slightly improved, the acidic corrosiveness of the medicated bath solution is significantly enhanced. Long-term use may cause slight irritation to the skin of the cow's teats and increase the risk of corrosion to medicated bath equipment (such as spray pipes and bath cups). When the pH value is above 4.5, the degree of dissociation of lactic acid increases, the content of molecular lactic acid decreases, the bactericidal activity decreases significantly, and the cationic properties of the surfactant are weakened, reducing the ability to adsorb bacteria and failing to achieve a synergistic bactericidal effect. By controlling the pH value between 3.0 and 4.5, the bactericidal activity of lactic acid can be maximized (the proportion of molecular lactic acid can reach more than 80%), while ensuring the stability of the surfactant and the synergistic bactericidal effect, and taking into account skin gentleness and equipment compatibility. Alkyl glycosides, with an HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) value between 12 and 14, possess a range that allows for good incorporation into the aqueous phase while effectively reducing the surface tension of the medicated bath solution and enhancing its wetting and spreading ability on the nipple surface. The addition of alkyl glycosides primarily serves three purposes: First, it enhances the cleaning ability of the medicated bath solution. The hydrophobic groups in its molecules can bind to organic contaminants such as oil and fecal residue on the nipple surface, while the hydrophilic groups disperse the contaminants into the water, achieving rapid cleaning. Second, it helps improve resistance to organic contamination. Through its cleaning action, it reduces interference from organic matter with lactic acid, amphoteric surfactants, and plant fungicides, ensuring that the bactericidal components can fully contact the bacteria. Third, it improves the compatibility and stability of the system. Alkyl glycosides have good compatibility with amphoteric surfactants, lactic acid, and plant fungicides, preventing stratification, precipitation, and turbidity. It also enhances the low-temperature stability of the medicated bath solution, maintaining a uniform and transparent state even in the low-temperature environment of winter pastures (0-5℃), without affecting its effectiveness.

[0017] Figure 1As shown, the preparation method of the pre-teeth medicated bath solution of dairy cows using lactic acid as the main bactericidal component includes the following steps: (1) Add deionized water to a stirring vessel and stir at room temperature. Then slowly add lactic acid, CAB-35, LAB-30 and APG-0810 in sequence. Stir for 10 minutes after each component is added until completely dissolved. (2) Then add peppermint extract and thyme extract and continue stirring for 15 minutes until the system is uniform. (3) Finally, adjust the pH value of the mixture system to 3.5 and continue stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform and transparent medicated bath solution for bottling and use.

[0018] The core innovation of this invention lies in the synergistic bactericidal effect of lactic acid, surfactant, and plant fungicides (peppermint and thyme). Specifically, the synergistic bactericidal effect is as follows: 1. The basic bactericidal effect of lactic acid: As an organic acid, lactic acid can lower the pH value of the medicated bath system, disrupt the acid-base balance of pathogenic bacteria cell membranes, weaken cell membrane stability, and create conditions for the penetration of subsequent bactericidal components. Simultaneously, molecular lactic acid can penetrate the cell membrane and enter the bacterial cell, interfering with bacterial metabolic processes and achieving a basic bactericidal effect. 2. Synergistic effect of amphoteric surfactants: CAB-35 and LAB-30 selected in this invention are both betaine-type amphoteric surfactants. Their molecules contain both anionic groups (carboxyl groups) and cationic groups (quaternary ammonium groups), which have unique physicochemical properties and antibacterial mechanisms. (1) Strong environmental adaptability: They are not easily affected by inorganic salts or organic matter in the system. They can stably exert their surface activity in the acidic bath solution system of this invention, ensuring the bactericidal effect in an organic polluted environment. (2) Targeted adsorption and penetration: In acidic solutions, betaine-type amphoteric surfactants can effectively exert their surface activity. The molecular structure of surfactants undergoes a protonation transition, primarily following the antibacterial mechanism of cationic surfactants. The positively charged nitrogen ions in the molecule can be rapidly adsorbed onto the negatively charged bacterial surface via electrostatic attraction (bacterial cell membranes are mainly composed of a phospholipid bilayer, with negatively charged phosphate groups at the phospholipid head). Simultaneously, the hydrophobic long alkane chains in the molecule (CAB-35 is cocoyl, LAB-30 is lauryl, both containing 12-14 carbon atoms) can form hydrophobic adsorption between themselves and the peptidoglycans (mainly composed of polysaccharides and polypeptides) of the bacterial cell wall. Using this dual effect of "electrostatic adsorption + hydrophobic adsorption", the efficiency of surfactant molecules on bacterial surface is significantly improved, and the bactericidal components quickly form a high concentration layer on the bacterial surface. Subsequently, the hydrophobic long chain can gradually penetrate into the lipid bilayer of the bacterial cell membrane, destroy the orderly structure of the cell membrane, resulting in damage to the integrity of the cell membrane and a significant increase in permeability, which in turn leads to the leakage of key substances such as cytoplasm, nucleic acid, and enzymes inside the bacterial body. At the same time, the hydrophilic groups of surfactant molecules can penetrate into the protein structure inside the bacterial body and combine with amino, carboxyl and other groups in the protein molecules, destroying the spatial conformation of the protein, resulting in loss of enzyme activity and protein denaturation, and finally achieving rapid bacterial death. This process can complete the key cell membrane destruction step within 5-8 seconds, laying the foundation for short-time sterilization. (3) Synergistic effect: The surface activity of amphoteric surfactants can reduce the surface tension of the medicated bath liquid, promote the rapid penetration of lactic acid molecules into the bacterial surface and interior, and enhance the bactericidal effect of lactic acid. At the same time, after lactic acid lowers the pH value of the system, it can further enhance the cationic characteristics of amphoteric surfactants and improve their adsorption and sterilization capabilities for bacteria. When combined, the two achieve a synergistic effect of "lactic acid breaking the membrane and amphoteric surfactant penetrating and killing", which significantly improves the sterilization speed and efficiency, ensuring efficient sterilization within a short residence time of 10-15 seconds.3. Synergistic Enhancement Effect of Plant-Based Fungicides: Menthol and menthone in peppermint extract, and thymol and carvacrol in thyme extract all possess natural bactericidal activity. Their bactericidal mechanism is as follows: On the one hand, these phenolic and ketone components can disrupt the lipid structure of bacterial cell membranes, further exacerbating cell membrane permeability damage. This synergizes with the "membrane-breaking" effect of lactic acid and amphoteric surfactants, accelerating the leakage of bacterial contents. On the other hand, they can inhibit the activity of key enzymes (such as respiratory enzymes and transpeptidase) within bacteria, interfering with bacterial energy metabolism and cell wall synthesis processes. This complements the "protein denaturation" effect of amphoteric surfactants, enhancing bactericidal efficiency. Simultaneously, plant-based fungicides can enhance the system's resistance to organic pollution. Their molecules can form weak interactions with organic matter, reducing the encapsulation of lactic acid and amphoteric surfactants by organic matter, ensuring the effective concentration of bactericidal components. Furthermore, menthol in peppermint extract also has a soothing and cooling effect, alleviating the slight irritation of the medicated bath solution to the nipple skin, further improving the product's skin-friendly properties. 4. Synergistic Effect of Ternary Compounds and the Auxiliary Effect of Alkyl Glycosides: Lactic acid lowers the pH of the system, creating conditions for the protonation of amphoteric surfactants and enhancing their bactericidal activity; amphoteric surfactants reduce surface tension, promoting the rapid penetration of lactic acid and plant-derived bactericides into the surface and interior of bacteria; plant-derived bactericides enhance cell membrane disruption and enzyme inhibition effects. These three elements form a synergistic effect of "pH adjustment - rapid penetration - multiple bactericidal action," significantly improving the bactericidal speed and efficiency. Alkyl glycosides, by cleaning organic pollutants and improving system compatibility, ensure the full realization of the synergistic bactericidal effect, while also enhancing the stability of the medicated bath solution.

[0019] The present invention specifically tests the bactericidal performance of the medicated bath solution prepared in the above embodiments; the rapid bactericidal effect test is conducted in accordance with the "Disinfection Technical Specifications" (2002 edition), using a quantitative suspension bactericidal test to test the bactericidal rate of the medicated bath solution on mixed bacterial solutions extracted from pasture bedding in multiple regions after 15 seconds of action. The test temperature is 25℃, and the results are shown in Table 1 below: ; Table 1 The above experimental results show that the bacterial extracts from multiple pasture bedding materials in the examples all exhibited rapid sterilization effects within 15 seconds of contact time, while lactic acid alone could not achieve the desired effect.

[0020] The skin irritation test of this invention: Specifically referring to the repeated skin irritation test method in the "Disinfection Technical Specifications" (2002 edition), 12 healthy New Zealand rabbits (weighing 2.0-2.5kg, half male and half female) were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 6 rabbits in each group. The results are shown below.

[0021] Twenty-four hours before the experiment, the hair on both sides of the spine on the back of the rabbits was trimmed, with each area measuring 3cm × 3cm. The experimental group applied 0.5mL of the medicated bath solution from Example 2 to the trimmed area daily, while the control group applied an equal volume of deionized water. After application, the area was covered and bandaged with sterile gauze for 4 hours, and this process was repeated for 14 consecutive days. Daily observation and recording of skin irritation reactions such as erythema, edema, and erosion were performed according to the skin irritation reaction scoring standard. Results showed that the experimental group rabbits exhibited no irritation reactions such as erythema, edema, or erosion throughout the entire experimental period, with a skin irritation score of 0, indicating no irritation. The control group also showed no abnormal reactions. Furthermore, pathological examination of the rabbit nipple skin tissue after the experiment revealed that the epidermis and dermis of the experimental group were intact, with no inflammatory cell infiltration, indicating that the medicated bath solution of this invention is gentle on cow nipple skin and will not cause damage with long-term use.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the product obtained by the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: (1) Fast sterilization speed and significant synergistic effect: Through the ternary synergistic sterilization effect of lactic acid, surfactant and plant bactericide, pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus, and Streptococcus on the surface of cow teats can be quickly killed within a short residence time of 10-15 seconds, and the sterilization rate can reach more than 99.99%, which fully meets the requirements of rapid disinfection of cow teat pre-drinking; (2) Strong resistance to organic pollution: amphoteric surfactants The amphoteric agent is not easily affected by organic matter, and the plant bactericide can reduce the encapsulation of bactericidal components by organic matter. Combined with the cleaning effect of alkyl glycosides, the three work together to ensure that the bactericidal effect can still be maintained in the actual pollution scenario of cow teats; (3) Environmental and skin friendly: The core bactericidal component is lactic acid, which is environmentally friendly and leaves no residue. It does not pollute the environment after discharge; the formula does not contain irritating ingredients such as iodine preparations, and both amphoteric surfactants and alkyl glycosides have good skin mildness. Long-term use will not damage the skin of cow teats and ensure the health of cow teats; (4) Stable formula and convenient to use: The components have good compatibility and can be stored stably at room temperature for more than 36 months without layering or precipitation; no dilution is required when using, and it can be applied or sprayed directly, which is suitable for the use needs of large-scale farm farming.

[0023] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention, as well as its advantages. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or basic characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

[0024] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in the embodiments can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A pre-tearing medicated bath solution for dairy cows using lactic acid as a bactericidal component, comprising lactic acid, plant-based bactericides, surfactants, pH buffers, and deionized water; characterized in that... By weight percentage, the lactic acid content is 4%-5%, the plant fungicide content is 4.5%-5.5%, the surfactant content is 14.5%-15.5%, the pH buffer content is 0.4%-0.6%, and the balance is deionized water; The plant fungicide is a combination of peppermint and thyme extracts; The preparation method of a pre-teeth medicated bath solution for dairy cows, using lactic acid as the main bactericidal component, includes the following steps: S1: Add deionized water to a stirred tank and stir at room temperature. Slowly add lactic acid, surfactant, and pH buffer in sequence, stirring for 8-11 minutes after each component is added until completely dissolved; S2: Add peppermint extract and thyme extract, and continue stirring for 12-17 minutes until the system is homogeneous; S3: Finally, adjust the pH value of the mixture to 3.0-4.5, and continue stirring for 18-22 minutes to obtain a homogeneous and transparent medicated bath solution, which is then bottled for later use.

2. The pre-tearing medicated bath solution for dairy cows using lactic acid as a bactericidal component according to claim 1, characterized in that, Lactic acid is L-lactic acid of natural origin.

3. The pre-tearing medicated bath solution for dairy cows using lactic acid as a bactericidal component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant fungicide contains 2%-3% peppermint extract and 2%-3% thyme extract, and the effective ingredient content of peppermint extract and thyme extract is ≥50%.

4. The pre-tearing medicated bath solution for dairy cows using lactic acid as a bactericidal component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active ingredients of peppermint extract are menthol and menthone, while the active ingredients of thyme extract are thymol and carvacrol.

5. The pre-tearing medicated bath solution for dairy cows using lactic acid as a bactericidal component according to claim 1, characterized in that, Surfactants are composed of amphoteric and nonionic surfactants, specifically cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramide propyl betaine, and alkyl glycosides in a certain mass ratio.

6. The pre-tearing medicated bath solution for dairy cows using lactic acid as a bactericidal component according to claim 5, characterized in that, Among the surfactants, cocamidopropyl betaine accounts for 4.5%-5.5%, lauramidopropyl betaine accounts for 4.5%-5.5%, and alkyl glycosides account for 4.5%-5.5%.

7. The pre-tearing medicated bath solution for dairy cows using lactic acid as a bactericidal component according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of alkyl glycosides is between 12 and 14.

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