Aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel core aluminum stranded wire and drawing process of aluminum wire drawing machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal machining, and particularly relates to an aluminum wire drawing machine for aluminum-clad steel core aluminum stranded conductor production and a drawing process of the aluminum wire drawing machine, the aluminum wire drawing machine comprises a base and a PLC (programmable logic controller), the upper end of the base is fixedly provided with a wire drawing table, and the aluminum wire drawing machine further comprises a wire drawing die holder, a discharging guide control mechanism, an aluminum wire winding mechanism, a position adjusting mechanism and a wire guide ring. According to the aluminum wire drawing forming device, drawing forming operation of an aluminum wire can be efficiently completed, rapid self-adaptive adjustment can be conducted on the relative position of the receiving barrel based on the real-time winding state of the aluminum wire, the problem that the aluminum wire is broken due to unexpected bending in the winding process is effectively solved, then the continuity and stability of the aluminum wire winding procedure are guaranteed, and the production efficiency is improved. And the wound aluminum wires are ensured to be neat in winding displacement and complete in performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal machining technology, and in particular relates to an aluminum wire drawing machine and its drawing process for producing aluminum-clad steel core aluminum stranded wire. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire is a composite structure power transmission conductor. Its steel core serves as the core bearing layer, providing the main mechanical strength of the conductor; the aluminum stranded wire layer serves as the conductive functional layer, wound around the outside of the steel core in a certain stranding direction and pitch, undertaking the main function of power transmission.

[0003] The aluminum strands in aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire need to be processed using an "aluminum wire drawing machine". The core reason is that aluminum rods (raw materials) cannot be used directly for stranding and must be drawn to meet the requirements of the conductor. Currently, there are good solutions to achieve rapid drawing and forming of aluminum wires. For example, the patent with announcement number CN219378453U proposes an aluminum wire drawing machine for the production of aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire. Through the multi-head winding device, the drawn aluminum wires can be collected quickly, effectively improving the drawing efficiency. However, the following defects still exist: the receiving cylinder used for collecting aluminum wire is in a fixed installation position, which not only causes the aluminum wire to not be evenly wound on the receiving cylinder, but also causes the outer diameter of the receiving cylinder to increase as the amount of aluminum wire wound increases. This causes the part of the aluminum wire on the receiving cylinder to gradually expand outward, which in turn causes the aluminum wire to gradually deviate from the drawing die. This angular deviation not only causes the aluminum wire to no longer pass through the central axis of the drawing die, resulting in unilateral wear of the drawing die, but also causes significant wear on the formed aluminum wire, resulting in substandard aluminum wire quality. Furthermore, the greater the angular deviation, the more likely it is to cause the aluminum wire to wear and break.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, an aluminum wire drawing machine and its drawing process for producing aluminum-clad steel core aluminum stranded wire are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing an aluminum wire drawing machine and its drawing process for producing aluminum-clad steel core aluminum stranded wire.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire, comprising a base and a PLC controller, wherein a wire drawing table is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the base, and further comprising: A wire drawing die holder is fixedly installed at the upper end of the wire drawing table and is used to draw aluminum rods into aluminum wires. The feeding guide control mechanism is fixedly installed on the upper end of the drawing table and located on the front side of the drawing die base. The aluminum rod passes through the feeding guide control mechanism and enters the drawing die base. An aluminum wire winding mechanism is installed on the upper end of the base and located on the rear side of the drawing table. The drawn aluminum wire is wound around the aluminum wire winding mechanism. The position adjustment mechanism is fixedly installed on the upper end of the base and supported on the lower end of the aluminum wire winding mechanism. The PLC controller controls the position adjustment mechanism to adjust the relative placement position of the aluminum wire winding mechanism based on the coil status feedback from the aluminum wire winding mechanism. The wire guide ring is fixedly installed at the upper end of the wire drawing table and located on the rear side of the wire drawing die base. The drawn aluminum wire passes through the wire guide ring and is wound around the aluminum wire winding mechanism.

[0008] In the above-mentioned aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire, the feeding guide control mechanism includes a bottom extrusion wheel fixedly installed on the front side of the upper end of the drawing table. The upper end of the drawing table is also fixedly connected to a U-shaped plate that covers the bottom extrusion wheel. Two electric push rods are fixedly inserted into the horizontal part of the U-shaped plate. The lower moving ends of the two electric push rods are fixedly connected to the same top extrusion wheel located directly above the bottom extrusion wheel. A pressure sensor is fixedly installed between the electric push rods and the top extrusion wheel.

[0009] In the aforementioned aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire, the aluminum wire winding mechanism includes a U-shaped mounting frame. Each side wall of the mounting frame is rotatably connected to a connecting circular plate via a rotating shaft. A take-up cylinder is detachably and fixedly connected between the two connecting circular plates. An encoder is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer wall of the mounting frame, and one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the input end of the encoder. A servo motor is fixedly mounted on the other side of the outer wall of the mounting frame, and the output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft.

[0010] In the aforementioned aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire, the position adjustment mechanism includes multiple symmetrically arranged electric lifting rods. The electric lifting rods are fixedly connected to the base. The top moving ends of the multiple electric lifting rods are fixedly connected to the same U-shaped support plate. A reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to the inner side of the U-shaped support plate. An adjusting motor for driving the reciprocating screw to rotate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the U-shaped support plate. An adjusting seat is threaded onto the rod wall of the reciprocating screw. The adjusting seat is fixedly installed at the lower end of the aluminum wire winding mechanism. Two limiting slide rods are also symmetrically fixedly connected to opposite sides of the U-shaped support plate. The side wall of the adjusting seat has a limiting slide hole that slides with the limiting slide rod.

[0011] In the above-mentioned aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire, a wire drawing oil coating mechanism is also included. The mechanism is fixedly installed on the wire drawing table and located between the feeding guide control mechanism and the wire drawing die base. The wire drawing oil coating mechanism includes a support square tube fixedly installed on the wire drawing table. A coating ring and a scraping ring are fixedly installed in sequence inside the support square tube. The coating ring has a hollow structure and multiple coating heads are evenly fixedly connected to its inner side. An oil supply pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the coating ring. The upper end of the oil supply pipe passes through the upper end of the support square tube. An oil supply pump is installed on the oil supply pipe. The oil supply pump is fixedly installed at the upper end of the support square tube. The PLC controller makes the pulling speed fed back by the aluminum wire winding mechanism positively correlated with the working power of the oil supply pump. A tension monitoring and feedback mechanism for the material feeding end is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the supporting square tube.

[0012] In the above-mentioned aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire, the feeding end tension monitoring and feedback mechanism includes an extension plate fixedly connected to one side of the top of the support square tube. A feeding tension sensor is fixedly installed on the extension plate. The PLC controller makes the feeding end tension level fed back by the feeding tension sensor negatively correlated with the feeding extrusion pressure of the feeding guide control mechanism.

[0013] In the aforementioned aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire, a cooling mechanism is also included, which is fixedly installed on the drawing table and positioned between the drawing die base and the guide ring. The cooling mechanism includes a cooling duct, with multiple cooling air heads uniformly and integrally connected to the inner side of the cooling duct. An air supply pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cooling duct, and a cooling fan is installed on the air supply pipe. The cooling fan is fixedly installed outside the cooling duct. The PLC controller makes the pulling speed fed back by the aluminum wire winding mechanism positively correlated with the working power of the cooling fan.

[0014] In the above-mentioned aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire, a tension monitoring and feedback mechanism for the drawing end is also included. This mechanism is fixedly installed on the side wall of the drawing die base and is located between the drawing die base and the cooling mechanism. The tension monitoring and feedback mechanism for the drawing end includes a horizontal plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the drawing die base. A tension sensor is fixedly installed on the horizontal plate. The PLC controller makes the tension level of the drawing end fed back by the tension sensor negatively correlated with the drawing speed of the aluminum wire winding mechanism.

[0015] A drawing process for an aluminum wire drawing machine used in the production of aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire includes the following steps: S1. The aluminum rod passes through the feeding guide control mechanism to control the feeding speed, and the feeding end tension monitoring feedback mechanism automatically adjusts the extrusion resistance of the feeding guide control mechanism to ensure stable tension at the feeding end; S2. The aluminum rod is evenly coated with drawing oil by the drawing oil coating mechanism to improve the smoothness of subsequent drawing; S3. The aluminum rod is reduced in diameter by the drawing die to form an aluminum wire. The aluminum wire is cooled and dissipated quickly by the cooling mechanism to ensure the quality of the aluminum wire forming. S4. The formed aluminum wire is fixed on the aluminum wire winding mechanism, which provides tension to assist the aluminum rod in quickly drawing the wire into aluminum wire.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. Through the set base, drawing table, drawing die base, aluminum wire winding mechanism, position adjustment mechanism, guide ring and tension monitoring and feedback mechanism at the drawing end, the aluminum wire drawing and forming operation can be completed efficiently. It can also quickly and adaptively adjust the relative position of the take-up cylinder based on the real-time winding state of the aluminum wire, effectively avoiding the breakage problem caused by unexpected bending of the aluminum wire during the winding process. This ensures the continuity and stability of the aluminum wire winding process, and ensures that the wound aluminum wire is neat and has good performance.

[0017] 2. Through the set feeding guide control mechanism and feeding end tension monitoring feedback mechanism, the tension at the feeding end of aluminum wire forming can be monitored in real time, and the feeding resistance can be automatically adjusted according to the tension detection data. This effectively avoids the problem of aluminum rod slack, material accumulation or wire deviation before entering the drawing die due to excessive feeding tension, which can lead to aluminum rod slippage at the die opening and uneven plastic deformation. It can also prevent the aluminum rod from bearing excessive pre-tension before entering the drawing die due to excessive feeding tension, which can lead to premature plastic deformation or even direct breakage.

[0018] 3. Through the set drawing oil coating mechanism, drawing oil can be continuously sprayed onto the aluminum rod during the aluminum wire drawing process. This can simultaneously cool and lubricate the aluminum rod and the drawing die base, while efficiently removing metal debris generated in the die hole and on the surface of the aluminum rod. It can also adaptively and automatically adjust the drawing oil coating power based on the aluminum wire drawing speed, following the control logic of "the faster the drawing speed, the greater the coating power". This ensures that sufficient drawing oil is provided during high-speed drawing, avoiding increased frictional resistance between the aluminum rod and the die hole and the appearance of drawing defects on the aluminum wire surface due to insufficient lubrication.

[0019] 4. The cooling mechanism can efficiently cool the drawn aluminum wire and automatically adjust the cooling power based on the wire drawing speed. This effectively avoids problems such as coarsening of aluminum wire grains, decline in mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation, and decrease in conductivity caused by heat accumulation during plastic deformation in the drawing process. It also prevents quality defects such as loss of wire diameter accuracy and surface scratches caused by surface oxidation and local softening due to excessive temperature rise. At the same time, it follows the control logic of "the faster the drawing speed, the greater the cooling power". It provides sufficient cooling capacity to quickly dissipate heat during high-speed drawing and automatically reduces the cooling power during low-speed drawing to avoid resource waste caused by over-cooling and increased brittleness caused by sudden temperature drop of aluminum wire. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a left-side three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a right-side three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding guide control mechanism of an aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel core aluminum stranded wire, provided by the present invention. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the aluminum wire winding mechanism of an aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel core aluminum stranded wire provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the position adjustment mechanism of an aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel core aluminum stranded wire, provided by the present invention. Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drawing oil coating mechanism and the feeding end tension monitoring and feedback mechanism of an aluminum drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel core aluminum stranded wire provided by the present invention. Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cooling mechanism of an aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel core aluminum stranded wire, provided by the present invention. Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tension monitoring and feedback mechanism at the drawing end of an aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire, provided by the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Drawing table; 3. Drawing die holder; 4. Feeding guide control mechanism; 41. Bottom extrusion roller; 42. U-shaped plate; 43. Electric push rod; 44. Top extrusion roller; 45. Pressure sensor; 5. Aluminum wire winding mechanism; 51. Mounting bracket; 52. Rotary shaft; 53. Connecting circular plate; 54. Take-up cylinder; 55. Encoder; 56. Servo motor; 6. Position adjustment mechanism; 61. Electric lifting rod; 62. U-shaped support plate; 63. Reciprocating lead screw; 64. Adjusting motor; 65. Adjusting seat; 66. 7. Limiting slide bar, 8. Guide ring, 9. Wire drawing oil coating mechanism, 10. Supporting square tube, 11. Coating ring, 12. Scraper ring, 13. Coating head, 14. Oil supply pipe, 15. Oil supply pump, 16. Tension monitoring and feedback mechanism at the discharge end, 17. Extension plate, 18. Discharge tension sensor, 19. Cooling mechanism, 10. Cooling duct, 11. Cooling fan head, 12. Air supply pipe, 13. Cooling fan, 14. Tension monitoring and feedback mechanism at the traction end, 15. Horizontal plate, 16. Tension sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1-8 As shown, an aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire includes a base 1 and a PLC controller. A wire drawing table 2 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the base 1. The machine also includes: The wire drawing die holder 3 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the wire drawing table 2 and is used to draw aluminum rods into aluminum wires; The feeding guide control mechanism 4 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the drawing table 2 and located on the front side of the drawing die base 3. The aluminum rod passes through the feeding guide control mechanism 4 and enters the drawing die base 3. The feeding guide control mechanism 4 includes a bottom extrusion roller 41 fixedly installed on the front side of the upper end of the drawing table 2. The upper end of the drawing table 2 is also fixedly connected to a U-shaped plate 42 that covers the bottom extrusion roller 41. Two electric push rods 43 are fixedly inserted into the horizontal part of the U-shaped plate 42. The lower moving ends of the two electric push rods 43 are fixedly connected to the same top extrusion roller 44 located directly above the bottom extrusion roller 41. A pressure sensor 45 is fixedly installed between the electric push rods 43 and the top extrusion roller 44.

[0024] An aluminum wire winding mechanism 5 is installed on the upper end of the base 1 and located behind the wire drawing table 2. The drawn aluminum wire is wound around the aluminum wire winding mechanism 5. The aluminum wire winding mechanism 5 includes a U-shaped mounting frame 51. Each side wall of the mounting frame 51 is rotatably connected to a connecting circular plate 53 via a rotating shaft 52. A take-up cylinder 54 is detachably and fixedly connected between the two connecting circular plates 53. An encoder 55 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the mounting frame 51. One end of the rotating shaft 52 is fixedly connected to the input end of the encoder 55. A servo motor 56 is fixedly installed on the other side of the outer wall of the mounting frame 51. The output end of the servo motor 56 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 52.

[0025] The position adjustment mechanism 6 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the base 1 and supported on the lower end of the aluminum wire winding mechanism 5. The PLC controller controls the position adjustment mechanism 6 to adjust the relative placement position of the aluminum wire winding mechanism 5 based on the feedback of the coil status of the aluminum wire winding mechanism 5. The position adjustment mechanism 6 includes multiple symmetrically arranged electric lifting rods 61. The electric lifting rods 61 are fixedly connected to the base 1. The top moving ends of the multiple electric lifting rods 61 are fixedly connected to the same U-shaped support plate 62. The inner side of the U-shaped support plate 62 is rotatably connected to a reciprocating screw 63. The outer wall of the U-shaped support plate 62 is fixedly installed with an adjustment motor 64 for driving the reciprocating screw 63 to rotate. The rod wall of the reciprocating screw 63 is threaded with an adjustment seat 65. The adjustment seat 65 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the aluminum wire winding mechanism 5. Two limiting slide rods 66 are also symmetrically fixedly connected to the opposite side of the U-shaped support plate 62. The side wall of the adjustment seat 65 is provided with a limiting slide hole that slides with the limiting slide rod 66.

[0026] The wire guide ring 7 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the wire drawing table 2 and is located on the rear side of the wire drawing die base 3. The drawn aluminum wire passes through the wire guide ring 7 and is wound around the aluminum wire winding mechanism 5.

[0027] It also includes a wire drawing oil coating mechanism 8, which is fixedly installed on the wire drawing table 2 and located between the feeding guide control mechanism 4 and the wire drawing die base 3. The wire drawing oil coating mechanism 8 includes a support square tube 81 fixedly installed on the wire drawing table 2. A coating ring 82 and a scraping ring 83 are fixedly installed in sequence inside the support square tube 81. The coating ring 82 has a hollow structure and multiple coating heads 84 are evenly fixedly connected to its inner side. An oil supply pipe 85 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the coating ring 82. The upper end of the oil supply pipe 85 passes through the upper end of the support square tube 81. An oil supply pump 86 is installed on the oil supply pipe 85. The oil supply pump 86 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support square tube 81. The PLC controller makes the pulling speed fed back by the aluminum wire winding mechanism 5 positively correlated with the working power of the oil supply pump 86. A tension monitoring and feedback mechanism 9 for the material feeding end is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the supporting square tube 81.

[0028] The tension monitoring and feedback mechanism 9 at the discharge end includes an extension plate 91 fixedly connected to one side of the top of the support square tube 81. A discharge tension sensor 92 is fixedly installed on the extension plate 91. The PLC controller makes the tension level at the discharge end fed back by the discharge tension sensor 92 negatively correlated with the discharge extrusion pressure of the discharge guide control mechanism 4.

[0029] It also includes a cooling mechanism 10, which is fixedly installed on the wire drawing table 2 and located between the wire drawing die base 3 and the wire guide ring 7. The cooling mechanism 10 includes a cooling duct 101. Multiple cooling air heads 102 are uniformly and integrally connected to the inner side of the cooling duct 101. An air supply pipe 103 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cooling duct 101. A cooling fan 104 is installed on the air supply pipe 103. The cooling fan 104 is fixedly installed outside the cooling duct 101. The PLC controller makes the pulling speed fed back by the aluminum wire winding mechanism 5 positively correlated with the working power of the cooling fan 104.

[0030] It also includes a tension monitoring and feedback mechanism 11 at the drawing end, which is fixedly installed on the side wall of the drawing die 3 and located between the drawing die 3 and the cooling mechanism 10. The tension monitoring and feedback mechanism 11 at the drawing end includes a horizontal plate 111 fixedly connected to the side wall of the drawing die 3. A tension sensor 112 is fixedly installed on the horizontal plate 111. The PLC controller makes the tension at the drawing end fed back by the tension sensor 112 negatively correlated with the drawing speed of the aluminum wire winding mechanism 5.

[0031] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: The aluminum rod is passed between the bottom extrusion roller 41 and the top extrusion roller 44 in the feeding guide control mechanism 4 to limit and guide the aluminum rod. The electric push rod 43 pushes the top extrusion roller 44 to move toward the bottom extrusion roller 41, so that there is an extrusion resistance between the top extrusion roller 44 and the bottom extrusion roller 41 on the aluminum rod, and the feeding speed of the aluminum rod is controlled. The aluminum rod continues to pass through the drawing die 3, where it is reduced in diameter and transformed into aluminum wire. It then passes through the guide ring 7 and winds around the take-up cylinder 54 on the aluminum wire winding mechanism 5. During the actual drawing process, the servo motor 56 drives the connecting circular plate 53 to rotate the take-up cylinder 54 synchronously, thus providing a pulling force to the aluminum wire. This allows the aluminum rod to continuously pass through the drawing die 3 and be transformed into aluminum wire. The rotation of the take-up cylinder 54 allows the formed aluminum wire to be wound around its outer edge for collection. The encoder 55 records the rotation angle of the take-up cylinder 54 in real time. After the take-up cylinder 54 rotates one revolution, the encoder 55 sends a feedback signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller then controls the adjusting motor 64 in the position adjustment mechanism 6 to rotate. The adjusting motor 64 drives the reciprocating screw 63 to rotate a fixed number of revolutions. The reciprocating screw 63 and the adjusting seat 65 are connected by a threaded connection. The function is to cause the adjusting seat 65 to move the take-up cylinder 54 laterally by a fixed distance, which is the diameter of the aluminum wire. This allows the aluminum wire wrapped around the take-up cylinder 54 to be evenly wound around the take-up cylinder 54. When the length of the take-up cylinder 54 driven by the adjusting motor 64 reaches the maximum distance (i.e., the axial length of the take-up cylinder 54), the take-up cylinder 54 will continue to move back under the action of the reciprocating screw 63. This allows the aluminum wire wrapped around the take-up cylinder 54 to cover the previous layer of aluminum wire. At this time, the PLC controller controls the electric lifting rod 61 to move the take-up cylinder 54 down by a fixed distance, which is also the diameter of the aluminum wire. This can avoid the aluminum wire being relatively bent due to the increase in the outer diameter of the take-up cylinder 54, as well as the high wear problem caused by the continuous winding and collection of aluminum wire in a bent state, and the easy breakage problem caused by the wire drawing die 3 not being located on the same axis. The tension monitoring and feedback mechanism 9 at the feeding end monitors the tension at the aluminum rod in real time. When the monitored tension is lower than the set threshold, it indicates that the aluminum rod is too loose, which can easily lead to wire deviation, resulting in slippage of the aluminum rod die, uneven plastic deformation, and quality defects such as fluctuation in the diameter of the finished aluminum wire and "bamboo marks" on the surface, as well as equipment jamming and production interruption. At this time, the PLC controller adjusts the set threshold of the pressure sensor 45 to increase. In order to reach the threshold set by the pressure sensor 45, the electric push rod 43 needs to apply greater extrusion force to the top extrusion roller 44, making the extrusion resistance of the top extrusion roller 44 and the bottom extrusion roller 41 on the aluminum rod greater, thereby slowing down the feeding speed of the aluminum rod and restoring the tension of the aluminum rod to a normal state. When the monitored tension is higher than the set threshold, it indicates that the feeding force is too tight, which will cause the aluminum rod to bear excessive pre-tension before entering the drawing die 3, resulting in premature plastic deformation or even direct breakage. At this time, the PLC controller adjusts the set threshold of the pressure sensor 45 to reduce the squeezing resistance on the aluminum rod, so that the tension at the aluminum rod is reduced to the normal state. The tension monitoring and feedback mechanism 11 at the pulling end monitors the tension at the aluminum wire in real time. When the tension at the aluminum wire exceeds the set threshold, the speed of the servo motor 56 is slowed down to avoid the problem of aluminum wire breaking due to excessive pulling force. When the tension at the aluminum wire is lower than the set threshold, the speed of the servo motor 56 is relatively increased to avoid the problem of uneven local deformation caused by the aluminum wire slipping in the wire drawing die 3 due to slack. Before the aluminum rod enters the drawing die base 3, it first passes through the drawing oil coating mechanism 8. The oil supply pump 86, in conjunction with the oil supply pipe 85, delivers the drawing oil to the coating ring 82, and then sprays it onto the outside of the aluminum rod through multiple coating heads 84. The scraper ring 83 on the rear side evenly coats the aluminum rod with the drawing oil, ensuring that the outer surface of the aluminum rod has a uniform drawing oil effect. This allows for simultaneous cooling and lubrication of the aluminum rod and the drawing die base 3, while efficiently removing metal debris generated in the die holes and on the surface of the aluminum rod. Furthermore, the PLC controller automatically adjusts the working power of the oil supply pump 86 based on the pulling speed controlled by the servo motor 56. The faster the pulling speed, the greater the working power of the oil supply pump 86, resulting in a higher unit spray volume of drawing oil. This allows for better adaptation to the faster-moving aluminum rod's brushing oil spraying process, ensuring sufficient brushing oil is provided during high-speed brushing. This avoids problems such as increased frictional resistance between the aluminum rod and the die hole due to insufficient lubrication, brushing defects on the aluminum wire surface, and grain coarsening, decreased mechanical and electrical properties caused by excessive temperature rise in the aluminum wire due to untimely cooling. It also prevents resource waste and subsequent cleaning burden caused by excessive brushing oil during low-speed brushing. This ensures the wire diameter accuracy, surface finish, and performance uniformity of the finished aluminum wire, delays the wear of the brushing die holder 3, extends its service life, and balances production efficiency and production costs, comprehensively improving the stability and reliability of the brushing process. After the aluminum rod is transformed into aluminum wire by the drawing die 3, it continues to pass through the cooling mechanism 10. The cooling fan 104, in conjunction with the air supply pipe 103, delivers cold air into the cooling air duct 101. Then, through multiple cooling fans 102, the aluminum wire is further cooled down. This effectively avoids the problems of coarsening of aluminum wire grains, decay of mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation, and decrease in conductivity caused by the heat accumulation generated by plastic deformation during the drawing process. It also prevents the aluminum wire from developing quality defects such as surface oxidation, local softening, loss of wire diameter accuracy, and surface scratches due to excessive temperature rise. At the same time, following the control logic of "the faster the drawing speed, the greater the cooling power", it provides sufficient cooling capacity to quickly dissipate heat during high-speed drawing and automatically reduces cooling power during low-speed drawing to avoid resource waste caused by excessive cooling and increased brittleness caused by a sudden drop in aluminum wire temperature. This achieves a precise match between cooling effect and energy consumption cost.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire, comprising a base (1) and a PLC controller, wherein a wire drawing table (2) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the base (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The wire drawing die (3) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the wire drawing table (2) and is used to draw aluminum rods into aluminum wires; The feeding guide control mechanism (4) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the drawing table (2) and located on the front side of the drawing die base (3). The aluminum rod passes through the feeding guide control mechanism (4) and enters the drawing die base (3). The aluminum wire winding mechanism (5) is installed on the upper end of the base (1) and located on the rear side of the drawing table (2). The drawn aluminum wire is wound around the aluminum wire winding mechanism (5). The position adjustment mechanism (6) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the base (1) and supported on the lower end of the aluminum wire winding mechanism (5). The PLC controller controls the position adjustment mechanism (6) to adjust the relative placement position of the aluminum wire winding mechanism (5) based on the coil status feedback from the aluminum wire winding mechanism (5). The wire guide ring (7) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the wire drawing table (2) and located on the rear side of the wire drawing die (3). The drawn aluminum wire passes through the wire guide ring (7) and is wound around the aluminum wire winding mechanism (5).

2. The aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding guide control mechanism (4) includes a bottom extrusion wheel (41) fixedly installed on the front side of the upper end of the drawing table (2). The upper end of the drawing table (2) is also fixedly connected to a U-shaped plate (42) that covers the bottom extrusion wheel (41). Two electric push rods (43) are fixedly inserted in the horizontal part of the U-shaped plate (42). The lower moving ends of the two electric push rods (43) are fixedly connected to the same top extrusion wheel (44) located directly above the bottom extrusion wheel (41). A pressure sensor (45) is fixedly installed between the electric push rods (43) and the top extrusion wheel (44).

3. The aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aluminum wire winding mechanism (5) includes a U-shaped mounting frame (51). Each side wall of the mounting frame (51) is rotatably connected to a connecting circular plate (53) via a rotating shaft (52). A take-up cylinder (54) is detachably and fixedly connected between the two connecting circular plates (53). An encoder (55) is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer wall of the mounting frame (51). One end of the rotating shaft (52) is fixedly connected to the input end of the encoder (55). A servo motor (56) is fixedly mounted on the other side of the outer wall of the mounting frame (51). The output end of the servo motor (56) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft (52).

4. The aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position adjustment mechanism (6) includes multiple symmetrically arranged electric lifting rods (61). The electric lifting rods (61) are fixedly connected to the base (1). The top moving ends of the multiple electric lifting rods (61) are fixedly connected to the same U-shaped support plate (62). The inner side of the U-shaped support plate (62) is rotatably connected to a reciprocating screw (63). The outer wall of the U-shaped support plate (62) is fixedly equipped with an adjustment motor (64) for driving the reciprocating screw (63) to rotate. The rod wall of the reciprocating screw (63) is threaded with an adjustment seat (65). The adjustment seat (65) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the aluminum wire winding mechanism (5). Two limiting slide rods (66) are also symmetrically fixedly connected to the opposite side of the U-shaped support plate (62). The side wall of the adjustment seat (65) is provided with a limiting slide hole that slides with the limiting slide rod (66).

5. The aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a wire drawing oil coating mechanism (8), which is fixedly installed on the wire drawing table (2) and located between the feeding guide control mechanism (4) and the wire drawing die base (3). The wire drawing oil coating mechanism (8) includes a support square tube (81) fixedly installed on the wire drawing table (2). A coating ring (82) and a scraping ring (83) are fixedly installed inside the support square tube (81) in sequence. The coating ring (82) is a hollow structure and multiple coating heads (84) are evenly fixedly connected to the inner side. An oil supply pipe (85) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the coating ring (82). The upper end of the oil supply pipe (85) passes through the upper end of the support square tube (81). An oil supply pump (86) is installed on the oil supply pipe (85). The oil supply pump (86) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support square tube (81). The PLC controller makes the pulling speed fed back by the aluminum wire winding mechanism (5) positively correlated with the working power of the oil supply pump (86). A tension monitoring and feedback mechanism (9) for the feeding end is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the support tube (81).

6. The aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tension monitoring and feedback mechanism (9) at the discharge end includes an extension plate (91) fixedly connected to one side of the top of the support square tube (81). A discharge tension sensor (92) is fixedly installed on the extension plate (91). The PLC controller makes the tension at the discharge end fed back by the discharge tension sensor (92) negatively correlated with the discharge extrusion pressure of the discharge guide control mechanism (4).

7. The aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cooling mechanism (10), which is fixedly installed on the drawing table (2) and located between the drawing die base (3) and the wire guide ring (7). The cooling mechanism (10) includes a cooling duct (101). Multiple cooling fans (102) are uniformly and integrally connected to the inner side of the cooling duct (101). An air supply pipe (103) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cooling duct (101). A cooling fan (104) is installed on the air supply pipe (103). The cooling fan (104) is fixedly installed outside the cooling duct (101). The PLC controller makes the pulling speed fed back by the aluminum wire winding mechanism (5) positively correlated with the working power of the cooling fan (104).

8. The aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a tension monitoring and feedback mechanism (11) at the drawing end, which is fixedly installed on the side wall of the drawing die (3) and located between the drawing die (3) and the cooling mechanism (10). The tension monitoring and feedback mechanism (11) at the drawing end includes a horizontal plate (111) fixedly connected to the side wall of the drawing die (3). A tension sensor (112) is fixedly installed on the horizontal plate (111). The PLC controller makes the tension at the drawing end fed back by the tension sensor (112) negatively correlated with the drawing speed of the aluminum wire winding mechanism (5).

9. A drawing process for an aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire, which uses the aluminum wire drawing machine for producing aluminum-clad steel-core aluminum stranded wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The aluminum rod passes through the feeding guide control mechanism (4) to control the feeding speed, and the feeding end tension monitoring feedback mechanism (9) automatically adjusts the extrusion resistance of the feeding guide control mechanism (4) to ensure the tension at the feeding end is stable. S2. The aluminum rod is evenly coated with drawing oil by the drawing oil coating mechanism (8) to improve the smoothness of subsequent drawing; S3. The aluminum rod is reduced in diameter by the drawing die (3) to form an aluminum wire. The aluminum wire is cooled and cooled quickly by the cooling mechanism (10) to dissipate the heat caused by the drawing process, ensuring the quality of the aluminum wire forming. S4. The formed aluminum wire is fixed on the aluminum wire winding mechanism (5), which provides tension to assist the aluminum rod in quickly drawing the wire into aluminum wire.

Images