Harmless and reduction treatment device for oil sludge

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil sludge harmless and reduction treatment device, and belongs to the technical field of oil sludge treatment.The oil sludge harmless and reduction treatment device comprises a pretreatment unit, a harmless reaction unit, a separation unit and a reduction unit, a center shaft is coaxially arranged in a reaction kettle, a stirring paddle is arranged on the center shaft, and a feeding port of the reaction kettle communicates with a discharging port of a crushing and stirring tank; the reaction kettle is provided with an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is communicated with a waste gas treatment assembly, a feed port of the roller dryer is communicated with a discharge port of the solid phase area, the roller dryer comprises a barrel, a plurality of shoveling plates are arranged on the inner wall of the barrel in the circumferential direction of the barrel, and a steam drying mechanism is arranged on the circumference of the roller dryer in a sleeving mode. By arranging the roller drying machine, when the roller drying machine rotates, solid residues are raised and pushed forwards through the shoveling plate, heat exchange is conducted on the solid residues and steam generated by the steam drying mechanism, moisture in the solid residues is evaporated, and reduction is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oily sludge treatment technology, and more specifically, to a device for the harmless and volume-reducing treatment of oily sludge. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the oil extraction, refining, and storage industries, the production of oily sludge, a typical hazardous waste, has been increasing year by year. Oily sludge has a complex composition, containing large amounts of crude oil, heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and other toxic and harmful substances. Improper treatment can cause serious environmental problems such as soil pollution, groundwater leakage, and air pollution. Therefore, achieving its harmless and reduced-volume treatment has become an urgent need in the environmental protection field.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies for treating oily sludge mainly include landfilling, incineration, and chemical oxidation, but they generally suffer from the following key drawbacks: (i) When using existing chemical oxidation methods to treat oily sludge, there is often a problem of insufficient material pretreatment. Furthermore, the oily sludge has high viscosity and is prone to clumping (some clumping particles can reach a diameter of over 100mm). Existing crushing devices mostly use a single stirring structure, which cannot effectively break up stubborn clumps, resulting in a limited contact area between the oxidant and the oily sludge.

[0004] (II) The three-phase separation process of existing oily sludge treatment devices mostly adopts simple sedimentation separation method, without precise zoning and guidance of the oil, water and solid phases, and lacks targeted filtration and interception structure, resulting in low separation efficiency. The oil phase is easily mixed and lost with the solid and water phases, and the suspended solids content in the water phase exceeds the standard, making it impossible to directly discharge or reuse. At the same time, the subsequent drying equipment mostly adopts hot air drying or plate drying method, which has low heat exchange efficiency and makes it difficult to reduce the moisture content of the residue, resulting in low volume reduction rate. The volume of the residue after treatment is still large, which increases the subsequent disposal cost.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for the harmless and volume-reducing treatment of oily sludge, so as to solve the technical problems that existing treatment devices cannot effectively break up stubborn clumps and have low volume reduction rates.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A device for the harmless and volume-reduced treatment of oily sludge includes: The pretreatment unit includes a screw conveyor with a feed hopper at the inlet and a crushing and mixing tank connected to the outlet of the screw conveyor. The harmless reaction unit includes a reaction vessel, a central shaft coaxially arranged inside the reaction vessel, a stirring paddle arranged on the central shaft, the feed inlet of the reaction vessel being connected to the discharge outlet of the crushing and mixing tank, and an exhaust port on the reaction vessel being connected to a waste gas treatment component. The separation unit includes a three-phase separator, in which an upper baffle and a lower baffle are arranged along its height. Both the upper and lower baffles are stainless steel filter screens, forming an oil phase zone, an aqueous phase zone, and a solid phase zone from top to bottom. The solid phase zone is connected to the outlet of the reactor through a pipeline. The volume reduction unit includes a downwardly inclined drum dryer. The feed inlet of the drum dryer is connected to the discharge outlet of the solid phase zone. The drum dryer includes a cylinder with multiple lifting plates arranged along its circumference on the inner wall of the cylinder. A steam drying mechanism is circumferentially fitted around the drum dryer.

[0008] Furthermore, the crushing and mixing tank includes a tank body and a top cover. The lower end of the tank body has a conical structure. An agitator shaft is installed inside the tank body. The upper end of the agitator shaft penetrates through the top cover. A cross-shaped crushing blade is installed at the upper end of the agitator shaft. An agitator paddle is installed at the lower end of the agitator shaft. A crushing motor is installed on the top cover. The output shaft of the crushing motor is coaxially connected to the agitator shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, an oxidant storage tank is also provided on the top cover. The oxidant storage tank contains an oxidant, which is a hydrogen peroxide solution. A delivery pump is installed in the oxidant storage tank. The discharge end of the delivery pump extends into the tank through a connecting pipe, which is equipped with a flow meter and a breather valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the oil phase region and the water phase region are respectively connected by an oil drain pipe and a water drain pipe; A spiral conveyor roller is installed throughout the solid phase zone. The spiral conveyor roller is driven by a conveyor motor, and the discharge end of the spiral conveyor roller is connected to the feed inlet of the drum dryer.

[0011] Furthermore, the steam drying mechanism includes a jacket fitted onto the drum dryer, with a steam inlet at the lower end of the jacket and a steam outlet at the upper end of the jacket. The steam outlet is connected to the exhaust gas treatment component, and the jacket is fixed to the ground by a support.

[0012] Furthermore, a heating jacket is provided outside the reactor. The upper and lower ends of the heating jacket are respectively connected to an air inlet pipe and a drain pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to a steam generator, and the drain pipe is connected to a collection tank.

[0013] Furthermore, the exhaust gas treatment component includes an exhaust gas treatment tank, which is filled with activated carbon, molecular sieve and glass fiber wool from top to bottom. The exhaust gas treatment tank is connected to the tank body through a vent pipe, and a check valve is installed on the vent pipe. The exhaust port of the exhaust gas treatment tank is open to the atmosphere.

[0014] Furthermore, gear rings are provided at both ends of the cylinder, and gears are symmetrically meshed on the gear rings. The gears are fixed to the support by gear seats, and any one of the gears is driven by a drive motor.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The crushing and mixing tank, along with its internal cross-shaped crushing blades and stirring paddle, allows the cross-shaped crushing blades to rotate and break down large clumps of oily sludge. The stirring paddle then mixes the oily sludge with the oxidant, increasing the reaction contact area and providing a foundation for subsequent harmless treatment.

[0016] 2. The three-phase separator and its internal upper and lower baffles guide the oily sludge into zones, and the separation is achieved by utilizing the density difference between oil, water and solid residue. The solid residue is intercepted in the solid phase zone by the lower baffle 83, realizing resource recovery and material diversion.

[0017] 3. The drum dryer is designed so that when the drum dryer rotates, the lifting plates lift the solid residue and push it forward, where it exchanges heat with the steam generated by the steam drying mechanism, evaporating the moisture in the solid residue and achieving volume reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sludge harmless and volume-reducing treatment device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing and mixing tank of the sludge harmless and volume-reducing treatment device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the top cover; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the three-phase separator of the sludge harmless and volume-reducing treatment device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the three-phase separator of the sludge harmless and volume-reducing treatment device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder of the sludge harmless and volume-reducing treatment device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Screw conveyor; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Crushing and mixing tank; 4. Oxidant storage tank; 5. Waste gas treatment assembly; 6. Reactor; 7. Heating jacket; 8. Three-phase separator; 9. Drum dryer; 10. Steam drying mechanism; 11. Steam inlet; 12. Steam outlet; 31. Tank body; 32. Top cover; 33. Agitator shaft; 34. Cross-shaped crusher blade; 35. Agitator paddle; 36. Crushing motor; 81. Rectangular box body; 82. Screw conveyor roller; 83. Lower partition; 84. Upper partition; 85. Pipe; 86. Oil drain pipe; 87. Drain pipe; 91. Cylinder; 92. Lifting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] See Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a device for the harmless and volume-reducing treatment of oily sludge includes: a pretreatment unit, a harmless reaction unit, a separation unit, and a volume-reducing unit. The pretreatment unit includes a screw conveyor 1 with a feed hopper 2 at its inlet; the outlet of the screw conveyor 1 is connected to a crushing and mixing tank 3. The harmless reaction unit includes a reaction vessel 6 with a central shaft coaxially arranged inside. A stirring paddle is mounted on the central shaft, which is driven by a variable frequency motor via a reducer. The inlet of the reaction vessel 6 is connected to the outlet of the crushing and mixing tank 3. The reaction vessel 6 has an exhaust port connected to a waste gas treatment component 5. The separation unit includes... The three-phase separator 8 includes a rectangular box 81. Inside the rectangular box 81, an upper partition 84 and a lower partition 83 are arranged along its height. Both the upper partition 84 and the lower partition 83 are stainless steel filter screens. From top to bottom, they form an oil phase zone, an aqueous phase zone, and a solid phase zone. The solid phase zone is connected to the discharge port of the reactor 6 through a pipe 85. The volume reduction unit includes a downwardly inclined drum dryer 9. The inlet of the drum dryer 9 is connected to the discharge port of the solid phase zone. The drum dryer 9 includes a cylinder 91. Multiple lifting plates 92 are arranged along its circumference on the inner wall of the cylinder 91. A steam drying mechanism 10 is circumferentially fitted on the drum dryer 9. The crushing and mixing tank 3 includes a tank body 31 and a top cover 32. The lower end of the tank body 31 has a conical structure. A stirring shaft 33 is installed inside the tank body 31. The upper end of the stirring shaft 33 passes through the top cover 32. A cross-shaped crushing blade 34 is installed at the upper end of the stirring shaft 33. A stirring paddle 35 is installed at the lower end of the stirring shaft 33. A crushing motor 36 is installed on the top cover 32. The output shaft of the crushing motor 36 is coaxially connected to the stirring shaft 33.

[0022] It should be noted that the feed hopper 2 is an inverted cone shape, which uses the inclined side wall to guide the sludge down, avoids the adhesion and accumulation of viscous substances, ensures the continuity of feeding, and under the action of the screw conveyor 1, the viscous sludge is pushed forward by the rotation of the screw blades. At the same time, the squeezing action between the screw blades and the cylinder wall breaks up the slight agglomerates, realizes the stable transportation of sludge and avoids blockage.

[0023] In the above scheme, the crushing and mixing tank 3, along with its internal cross-shaped crushing blades 34 and stirring paddles 35, allows the cross-shaped crushing blades 34 to rotate and break up large clumps of oily sludge. The stirring paddles 35 agitate the oily sludge and oxidant, increasing the reaction contact area and providing a foundation for subsequent harmless reactions. Then, the three-phase separator 8, along with its internal upper and lower baffles 84 and 83, guides the oily sludge into zones, utilizing the density differences between oil, water, and solid residues to achieve separation. The solid residues are intercepted in the solid phase zone by the lower baffle 83, achieving resource recovery and material diversion. Finally, the drum dryer 9, when rotating, lifts the solid residues with the lifting plates 92 and pushes them forward, exchanging heat with the steam generated by the steam drying mechanism 10 to evaporate the moisture in the solid residues, thus reducing the volume.

[0024] See some possible implementations. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an oxidant storage tank 4 is also provided on the top cover 32. The oxidant storage tank 4 stores oxidant, which is a hydrogen peroxide solution. An infusion pump is provided in the oxidant storage tank 4. The discharge end of the infusion pump extends into the tank body 31 through a connecting pipe. A flow meter and a breather valve are installed on the connecting pipe. The flow meter displays the storage volume. The infusion pump realizes the quantitative addition of oxidant to ensure accurate reaction ratio.

[0025] See some possible implementations. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the oil phase zone and the water phase zone are respectively connected by an oil drain pipe 86 and a water drain pipe 87. A spiral conveyor roller 82 is installed through the solid phase zone. The spiral conveyor roller 82 is driven by a conveyor motor. The discharge end of the spiral conveyor roller 82 is connected to the feed port of the drum dryer 9.

[0026] In the above scheme, the density difference between oil, water and solid residue is used to achieve separation. The oil phase floats on the upper layer and is discharged into the oil recovery tank through the oil drain pipe 86. After sedimentation and impurity removal, it can be reused as industrial fuel, realizing resource recovery and reducing treatment costs. The water phase is discharged into the water treatment device through the drain pipe 87 (the water treatment device in this application directly adopts the prior art, and this application does not describe the specific structure of the water treatment device in detail). The water treatment device consists of a filter tank and a disinfection tank connected in series. The filter tank is filled with quartz sand to remove suspended solids in the water, and the disinfection tank is equipped with multiple sets of ultraviolet disinfection lamps to kill bacteria in the water.

[0027] See some possible implementations. Figure 1 As shown, the steam drying mechanism 10 includes a jacket fitted on the drum dryer 9. A steam inlet 11 is provided at the lower end of the jacket, which is connected to a steam generator. A steam outlet 12 is provided at the upper end of the jacket, which is connected to the exhaust gas treatment component 5. The jacket is fixed to the ground by a support.

[0028] In the above scheme, when the drum dryer 9 turns the solid residue over, steam enters the jacket through the steam inlet 11 and exchanges heat with the solid residue in the drum dryer 9 to evaporate the moisture in the solid residue, thereby reducing the volume. The dried solid residue has no odor, and the steam outlet 12 is introduced into the waste gas treatment component 5 for waste gas treatment.

[0029] See some possible implementations. Figure 1 As shown, a heating jacket 7 is provided outside the reactor 6. The upper and lower ends of the heating jacket 7 are respectively connected to an air inlet pipe and a drain pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to a steam generator, and the drain pipe is connected to a collection tank.

[0030] In the above scheme, steam generated by a steam generator is introduced into the heating jacket 7 to heat the sludge in the reactor 6 to 60-80°C. Combined with the stirring of the agitator, the sludge and oxidant react fully. The oxidant decomposes the harmful organic matter (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and kills bacteria and pathogens, thus achieving harmlessness. The reaction time is controlled at 1.5-5 hours. The condensed cooling water is discharged to the collection tank through the drain pipe.

[0031] See some possible implementations. Figure 1 As shown, the exhaust gas treatment component 5 includes an exhaust gas treatment tank, which is filled with activated carbon, molecular sieve and glass fiber wool from top to bottom. The exhaust gas treatment tank is connected to the tank body 31 through a vent pipe, and a check valve is installed on the vent pipe. The exhaust port of the exhaust gas treatment tank is open to the atmosphere.

[0032] In the above scheme, the exhaust gas from tank 31 and the jacket is introduced into the exhaust gas treatment tank, where it passes sequentially through activated carbon, molecular sieves, and fiberglass wool to adsorb the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated by the reaction. S It contains a small amount of acidic gas and filters dust particles in the exhaust gas to avoid secondary pollution.

[0033] See some possible implementations. Figure 1 As shown, gear rings are provided at both ends of the cylinder 91, and gears are symmetrically meshed on the gear rings. The gears are fixed on the support by gear seats, and any one of the gears is driven by a drive motor.

[0034] In the above scheme, when driving the cylinder 91, the drive motor is started. The start of the drive motor drives any gear to rotate through its output shaft. The rotation of the gear meshes with the gear ring, driving the cylinder 91 to rotate. The rotation of the cylinder 91 drives multiple lifting plates 92 to rotate synchronously, flipping the solid residue.

[0035] Working principle 1. The oily sludge to be treated is fed into the feed hopper 2 and conveyed to the crushing and mixing tank 3 by the screw conveyor 1. At the same time, the oxidant storage tank 4 adds oxidant to the crushing and mixing tank 3 in a metered manner through the infusion pump. The cross-shaped crushing blade 34 breaks up the clumps of oily sludge, and the stirring paddle 35 initially mixes the material with the oxidant to form a uniform slurry, which solves the problem of insufficient reaction caused by the viscosity and clumping of oily sludge.

[0036] 2. The mixed slurry enters the reactor 6. Steam is introduced into the heating jacket 7 of the reactor 6 to heat the material to 60-80℃. The stirring paddle continuously stirs the material, so that the harmful organic matter in the sludge and the oxidant can fully undergo oxidation and decomposition reaction. Bacterial pathogens are killed under the action of high temperature and oxidant. The volatile waste gas generated by the reaction enters the waste gas treatment component 5 through the exhaust port. After being purified by adsorption by activated carbon, molecular sieve and glass fiber cotton, it is discharged.

[0037] 3. The mixture after the reaction (containing oil, water, and solid residue) enters the three-phase separator 8, where it naturally separates into layers based on density differences. The oil phase floats on the upper layer and flows into the oil recovery tank for recycling through the oil drain pipe 86. The water phase is located in the middle layer and enters the water treatment device through the drain pipe 87. After being filtered by quartz sand and disinfected by ultraviolet light, it is discharged in compliance with standards. The solid residue is intercepted in the solid phase zone by the lower baffle 83 and discharged through the discharge end.

[0038] 4. The solid residue is fed into the drum dryer 9 via the screw conveyor roller 82. The drum 91 rotates under the drive of the drive motor. The lifting plate 92 lifts the residue and pushes it forward. The steam introduced into the jacket heats and dries the residue, evaporating the moisture. The volume of the dried residue is greatly reduced (reduction rate ≥60%), and finally falls into the residue collection box, becoming harmless solid waste that can be safely disposed of or reused.

[0039] 5. The sludge harmless and volume reduction treatment device is also equipped with a control system (the control system directly adopts existing technology, and this application does not describe the specific structure of the control system in detail). The control system collects parameters such as reaction temperature, pressure, oxidant flow rate, and material level in real time through sensors, and automatically adjusts the speed of each motor and the opening of each valve through the PLC controller to ensure that the parameters of each process are stable within the set range, so as to realize continuous and automated processing and improve the processing efficiency and effect.

[0040] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for the harmless and volume-reduced treatment of oily sludge, characterized in that, include: The pretreatment unit includes a screw conveyor (1), with a feed hopper (2) at the feed inlet of the screw conveyor (1); and a crushing and mixing tank (3) connected to the discharge outlet of the screw conveyor (1). The harmless reaction unit includes a reaction vessel (6), a central shaft is coaxially arranged inside the reaction vessel (6), a stirring paddle is arranged on the central shaft, the feed inlet of the reaction vessel (6) is connected to the discharge outlet of the crushing and stirring tank (3), the reaction vessel (6) has an exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole is connected to the waste gas treatment component (5). The separation unit includes a three-phase separator (8), in which an upper baffle (84) and a lower baffle (83) are arranged along its height direction. The upper baffle (84) and the lower baffle (83) are both stainless steel filter screens, forming an oil phase zone, an aqueous phase zone and a solid phase zone from top to bottom. The solid phase zone is connected to the outlet of the reactor (6) through a pipe (85). The volume reduction unit includes a downwardly inclined drum dryer (9), the feed inlet of which is connected to the discharge outlet of the solid phase zone, the drum dryer (9) includes a cylinder (91), the inner wall of which is provided with a plurality of lifting plates (92) along its circumference, and the drum dryer (9) is circumferentially fitted with a steam drying mechanism (10).

2. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing and mixing tank (3) includes a tank body (31) and a top cover (32). The lower end of the tank body (31) is a conical structure. A stirring shaft (33) is provided inside the tank body (31). The upper end of the stirring shaft (33) passes through the top cover (32). A cross-shaped crushing blade (34) is provided at the upper end of the stirring shaft (33). A stirring paddle (35) is provided at the lower end of the stirring shaft (33). A crushing motor (36) is provided on the top cover (32). The output shaft of the crushing motor (36) is coaxially connected to the stirring shaft (33).

3. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of oily sludge according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top cover (32) is also provided with an oxidant storage tank (4), which stores an oxidant, which is a hydrogen peroxide solution. The oxidant storage tank (4) is provided with a pump, and the discharge end of the pump extends into the tank body (31) through a connecting pipe. A flow meter and a breather valve are installed on the connecting pipe.

4. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil phase zone and the water phase zone are respectively connected by an oil drain pipe (86) and a water drain pipe (87). A spiral conveyor roller (82) is installed through the solid phase zone. The spiral conveyor roller (82) is driven by a conveyor motor. The discharge end of the spiral conveyor roller (82) is connected to the feed port of the drum dryer (9).

5. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of oily sludge according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steam drying mechanism (10) includes a jacket fitted on the drum dryer (9), with a steam inlet (11) at the lower end of the jacket and a steam outlet (12) at the upper end of the jacket. The steam outlet (12) is connected to the exhaust gas treatment component (5), and the jacket is fixed to the ground by a support.

6. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor (6) is provided with a heating jacket (7) outside. The upper and lower ends of the heating jacket (7) are respectively connected to an air inlet pipe and a drain pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to a steam generator, and the drain pipe is connected to a collection tank.

7. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of oily sludge according to claim 3, characterized in that, The waste gas treatment component (5) includes a waste gas treatment tank, which is filled with activated carbon, molecular sieve and glass fiber cotton from top to bottom. The waste gas treatment tank is connected to the tank body (31) through a vent pipe, and a check valve is installed on the vent pipe. The exhaust port of the waste gas treatment tank is open to the atmosphere.

8. The device for harmless and reduced-volume treatment of oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the cylinder (91) are provided with gear rings, and gears are symmetrically meshed on the gear rings. The gears are fixed on the support by gear seats, and any one of the gears is driven by a drive motor.

Images