Wheat grain length gene TaGSW1 as well as encoding protein and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of molecular biology, and discloses a wheat grain length gene TaGSW1 as well as an encoding protein and application thereof. The genome nucleotide sequence of the wheat grain length gene TaGSW1 is as shown in SEQ ID NO.1, and the length of the wheat grain length gene TaGSW1 is 2515 bp; the amino acid sequence of the protein coded by the gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO.4, and the length is 280. Transgenic materials prove that the gene TaGSW1 plays a positive role in regulating and controlling the length of wheat grains. The gene TaGSW1 can be applied to high-yield breeding of wheat; research on the gene is helpful to reveal a molecular mechanism of a wheat grain length development related process, and provides a basis for high-yield breeding of wheat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of genetic engineering technology and relates to a wheat grain length gene. TaGSW1 Its encoded proteins and applications. Background Technology

[0002] wheat( Triticum aestivum L. As one of the world's three major food crops, wheat provides a primary source of calories and protein for approximately one-quarter of the global population. The size and morphology of the grain, the edible part of wheat, directly determine yield and quality, making it a crucial target trait for wheat genetic improvement. Among grain morphological characteristics, grain length is a key indicator of wheat grain size, significantly impacting grain weight and flour quality. Although grain development involves a complex genetic regulatory network, the specific molecular mechanisms controlling this process are not yet fully elucidated.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of transcriptomics and epigenomics technologies, researchers have identified a variety of transcription factors and regulatory networks involved in wheat grain development. For example, NAC100, a member of the NAC transcription factor family, has been found to activate the starch synthesis pathway. TaAGPL-1B and TaISA2-1B and in the gluten synthesis pathway TaHWM-1D Gene expression (Li, J., Xie, L., Tian, ​​X., et al.). TaNAC100 acts as an integrator of seedprotein and starch synthesis exerting pleiotropic effects on agronomictraitsin wheat[J]. The Plant journal (For cell and molecular biology, 2021, 108(3), 829–840.) Transcription factors TaMYB44 It is a key negative regulator of starch synthesis. The mechanism by which the MYB44-WDR1-UGT83A1 module regulates starch synthesis and grain weight was systematically elucidated (Liu, Y., Wang, M., Wang, Y., et al. The transcription factor MYB44 suppresses starch synthesis to negatively regulate grain weight and yield in wheat and rice[J]. Molecular plant , 2025. 18(7),1193–1209.). TabHLH489It not only regulates wheat grain development but also participates in the process of efficient nitrogen use in wheat (Lyu, J., Wang, D., Sun, N., et al. The TaSnRK1-TabHLH489 module integratesbrassinosteroid and sugar signaling to regulate the grain length in breadwheat[J]. Plant biotechnology journal , 2024. 22(7), 1989–2006.). Furthermore, B3 domain transcription factors TaABI3-B1 It has also been shown that it affects wheat yield by regulating grain size and protein content (Li, X., Wan, Y., Wang, D., et al. Spatiotemporal transcriptomics reveals keygene regulation for grain yield and quality in wheat[J]. Genome biology , 2025, 26(1), 93.). These studies provide important clues for understanding the molecular mechanisms of wheat grain development and also provide potential targets for wheat molecular breeding.

[0004] Due to the large genome and complex genetic background of wheat, progress in mining wheat grain length-related genes through forward genetics has been slow. Therefore, the discovery and utilization of wheat grain length genes, the elucidation of their genetic mechanisms at the molecular level, the exploration of regulatory pathways involving grain length genes, and the realization of gene aggregation and utilization are of great significance for high-yield wheat breeding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a wheat grain length gene TaGSW1 The study aims to address the technical problem of the lack of genes related to wheat grain size, and to provide new approaches for high-yield wheat breeding, by studying its encoded proteins and applications.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a wheat grain length gene. TaGSW1 Its genomic nucleotide sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO.1, which is 2515 bp in length and contains 2 exons and 1 intron; TaGSW1 The cDNA nucleotide sequence of the gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.2, and its length is 1602 bp; TaGSW1The CDS nucleotide sequence of the gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.3, which is the deoxyribonucleotide from position 284 to 1126 of the 5' end in sequence SEQ ID NO.2, and encodes the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.4, with 280 amino acids.

[0007] Secondly, the present invention provides amplification of the above-mentioned wheat grain length gene. TaGSW1 The primer pairs include the following primer pairs: TaGSW1 -1F: 5'-CCATACATCACCCCAACCTTCCTTCC-3'; TaGSW1 -1R: 5'-AGAAATGGAAGCAAGAAGAAGTGGGA-3'; TaGSW1 -2F: 5'-ATGGCAATGGAGCCGCTCCCG-3'; TaGSW1 -2R: 5'-TCAATGCAGCCGGTGCCG-3'; Using wheat genomic DNA as a template, TaGSW1 -1F and TaGSW1 The DNA fragment obtained by PCR amplification using primer pairs composed of -1R is the gene. TaGSW1 The genome sequence; Using wheat cDNA as a template, TaGSW1 -1F and TaGSW1 The DNA fragment obtained by PCR amplification using primer pairs composed of -1R is the gene. TaGSW1 cDNA sequence; by TaGSW1 Using the gene's cDNA sequence as a template, TaGSW1 -2F and TaGSW1 Nested PCR amplification using primer pairs composed of -2R yields DNA fragments that are genes. TaGSW1 CDS sequence.

[0008] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a wheat grain length gene comprising the one described in claim 1. TaGSW1 Plant expression vectors. For example, the wheat grain length gene mentioned above... TaGSW1 or TaGSW1 The gene's CDS sequence was inserted into the LGY-OE3 plant overexpression vector. (Using the gene...) TaGSW1 or TaGSW1When constructing a plant expression vector from the CDS sequence of a gene, any enhancing promoter or inducible promoter can be added before its transcription initiation nucleotide (ATG). To facilitate the identification and screening of transgenic plant cells or plants, the vector used can be processed, for example, by adding plant-selective markers (GUS gene, luciferase gene, etc.) or resistant avidin markers (gentamicin, kanamycin, etc.).

[0009] The present invention also provides recombinant bacteria comprising the above-mentioned plant expression vector.

[0010] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a wheat grain length gene. TaGSW1 , TaGSW1 Encoding protein, amplification TaGSW1 Application of primer pairs, plant expression vectors or recombinant bacteria in the breeding of high-yielding wheat varieties / lines.

[0011] Fifthly, the present invention also provides a wheat grain length gene. TaGSW1 , TaGSW1 Encoding protein, amplification TaGSW1 The application of primer pairs, plant expression vectors, or recombinant bacteria in improving wheat yield.

[0012] Sixthly, the present invention also provides a method for increasing wheat yield by overexpressing the aforementioned wheat grain length gene. TaGSW1 The specific operation involves: including the above-mentioned wheat grain length gene... TaGSW1 The plant expression vector was transformed into immature wheat embryos, and transgenic positive lines were obtained by screening.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention identifies a wheat grain length-related gene. TaGSW1 This gene is located on wheat chromosome 1B, and the protein it expresses regulates wheat grain length; Agrobacterium-mediated transformation systems were used to transform wheat grains carrying this gene. TaGSW1 The plant expression vector was transformed into wheat embryos, and compared with wild-type Fielder, the overexpression-positive plants showed a significant increase in grain length, indicating that... TaGSW1 This is a gene for wheat grain length.

[0014] This application TaGSW1 Genes help reveal the molecular genetic basis of wheat grain length, providing important genetic resources for high-yield wheat breeding and offering new avenues for cultivating high-yield, stable-yield, and high-quality wheat varieties. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the kernel lengths of UC 1751110 and PI 610750 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a fine-line localization and identification diagram of TaGSW1 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein... Figure 2 a is the QTL map on chromosome 1B; Figure 2 b represents fine positioning; Figure 2 c represents the localization segment and annotated gene; Figure 2 d shows the expression of the annotated genes in the grain and ear.

[0017] Figure 3 The recombinant expression vector LGY-OE3- in Embodiment 3 of this invention TaGSW1 Plasmid map.

[0018] Figure 4 In Embodiment 3 of the present invention TaGSW1 Plot of relative expression levels in its overexpression lines (OE#2, OE#3 and OE#7) and the control wild-type Fielder (WT).

[0019] Figure 5 Comparison of grain length phenotype, grain length and yield measurements between the overexpression lines (OE#2, OE#3 and OE#7) and the control wild-type Fielder (WT) in Example 5 of this invention.

[0020] Figure 6 Comparison of grain length phenotype, grain length and yield measurements between gene-edited lines (cas#1, cas#2 and cas#3) and wild-type Fielder (WT) in Example 5 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, all instruments and equipment used in the following embodiments are conventional instruments and equipment; all reagents, carriers, and other experimental materials used are commercially available conventional products; and all experimental methods and detection methods used are conventional methods. Quantitative experiments in the following embodiments were performed in triplicate, and the results were averaged. Primer synthesis and sequencing were performed by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

[0023] The wheat material involved in the examples: F1 gene, comprising 187 families, was constructed using UC 1751110 (short-grained) and PI 610750 (long-grained). 10The recombinant inbred line population (UP-RILs) and the F3 population containing 4896 individuals generated by crossing UC 1751110 and PI 610750 were used for fine mapping and validation of the target QTLs. TaGSW1 Allele effect.

[0024] Fielder Materials: Wild-type WT, Three TaGSW1 Overexpression and gene editing of transgenic materials.

[0025] The vector LGY-OE3 has been published in the literature (Niaz M, Zhang L, Lv G, HuH, Yang X, Cheng Y, Zheng Y, Zhang B, Yan X, Htun A, Zhao L, Sun C, Zhang N, Ren Y, Chen F. Identification of TaGL1-B1 gene controlling grain length through regulation of jasmonic acid in common wheat. Plant Biotechnol J. 2023, 21(5): 979-989.), and is also available to the public from Henan Agricultural University. The vector pMETaU6.1 has been published in the literature (Guo, G.H. The wheat NLRpair RXL / Pm5e confers resistance to powdery mildew. Plant Biotechnol J. 23, 1260-1276 (2025)), and is also available to the public from Henan Agricultural University.

[0026] Example 1: Mining wheat grain length genes 1.1 Group planting During the three planting seasons of 2018–2019, 2019–2020, and 2020–2021, an F10 lineage comprising 187 families was established using UC1751110 and PI 610750 as parents. 10 Recombinant inbred lines (UP-RILs) were planted in Yuanyang and Zhengzhou. A secondary F3 population containing 4896 individual plants was generated by crossing UC 1751110 and PI 610750 for fine mapping of the target QTLs. Grain traits were measured using a SeedCounter SC 5000 (Australia) after full maturity.

[0027] 1.2 Wheat grain length gene mining Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in grain length between the parents in the population. Figure 1 Combining the grain phenotype and SSR markers of the UP-RILs population, QTL mapping was performed on the population, and one significant QTL was detected, located on chromosome 1B. Figure 2 a), the location segment has 2.9 Mb ( Figure 2 b). Based on genome resequencing and Sanger sequencing, the parental PI 610750 and UC1751110 genes were sequenced, and 11 gene markers were developed for fine mapping, narrowing the region to 479.35 kb. Figure 2 c). Based on the gene annotations of the Chinese spring genome in the Ensembl Plants database (https: / / plants.ensembl.org / Triticum_aestivum / Info / Index), this segment has a total of 16 annotated genes, with only 2 genes having high confidence ( TraesCS1B02G055500, TraesCS1B02G055600 Gene expression analysis was performed based on the YuNong 268 database. Expression level analysis (https: / / www.csuligroup.com / WheatPro / # / ) showed that... TraesCS1B02G055600 High expression levels were observed in grains and ears. Figure 2 d). Therefore, TraesCS1B02G055600 It was considered a candidate gene and named TaGSW1 .

[0028] Example 2 TaGSW1 Genetic identification Based on the published Chinese spring reference sequence, the wheat PI 610750 was analyzed. TaGSW1 The process involves cloning the open reading frame to obtain a complete one. The specific steps are as follows: (1) DNA extraction: DNA was extracted from PI 610750 seedlings using the SLS method. The specific implementation steps are as follows: 1) Take wheat leaves during the seedling stage and put them into a 2 ml centrifuge tube containing steel balls. Quickly freeze the tube in liquid nitrogen, then grind the leaves with a grinder. Add 800 µL of SLS and shake for 20 min to mix thoroughly. The SLS contains 288 mM NaCl, 200 mM Tris-HCl, 25 mM EDTA, and 0.5% SDS.

[0029] 2) Then add an equal volume of the three-in-one mixture (phenol: chloroform: isoamyl alcohol = 25: 24: 1).

[0030] 3) Shake for 10 minutes to mix thoroughly.

[0031] 4) Centrifuge at 12000 rpm for 15 min, transfer the supernatant to another new 2 mL centrifuge tube, add an equal volume of pre-chilled isopropanol for DNA extraction. Let stand for 10 min.

[0032] 5) Centrifuge at 12000 rpm for 15 min, discard the supernatant, add 0.5 mL of 75% (volume percentage) ethanol aqueous solution, and let stand for 5 min.

[0033] 6) Centrifuge at 12000 rpm for 5 min, discard the supernatant, and obtain the precipitate. After vacuum drying, add 100 µL TE to dissolve the precipitate, which yields wheat leaf genomic DNA.

[0034] (2) Total RNA extraction and reverse transcription: Total RNA was extracted from wheat variety PI 610750 using the TRIZOL method. 2 μL of RNA was electrophoresed on 2% agarose gel to check RNA integrity. The extracted total RNA showed a generally clear 28S and 18S main band. OD was measured using a UV spectrophotometer. 260 / OD 280 The ratio is between 1.80 and 2.00, OD 260 / OD 230 >2.0. Collect total RNA that meets the required quality standards, referring to PrimeScript. TM cDNA was obtained by reverse transcription using the RT Reagent Kit (Perfect Real Time) instruction manual.

[0035] (3) TaGSW1 Gene cloning and sequence analysis Design nested PCR primers, TaGSW1 -1F and TaGSW1 -1R is designed at both ends of the start codon ATG and the stop codon TAG; TaGSW1 -2F and TaGSW1 -2R is designed at the positions of the start codon ATG and the stop codon TAG, as follows: TaGSW1 -1F: 5'-CCATACATCACCCCAACCTTCCTTCC-3'; TaGSW1 -1R: 5'-AGAAATGGAAGCAAGAAGAAGTGGGA-3'; TaGSW1 -2F: 5'-ATGGCAATGGAGCCGCTCCCG-3'; TaGSW1 -2R: 5'-TCAATGCAGCCGGTGCCG-3'.

[0036] Using PI 610750 DNA as a template, TaGSW1 -1F and TaGSW1 PCR amplification was performed using primer pairs consisting of -1R. The PCR amplification system is shown in Table 1, and the PCR amplification program is shown in Table 2.

[0037] Table 1. TaGSW1 -1F and TaGSW1 Primer pairs consisting of -1R TaGSW1 PCR amplification system for genes Table 2. TaGSW1 -1F and TaGSW1 Primer pairs consisting of -1R TaGSW1 Gene PCR amplification program The PCR products were subjected to 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, recovered, and ligated into the pMD-18T vector (Takara), and sent to Shanghai Sangon Biotech for sequencing.

[0038] Using a similar method as described above, and again using PI 610750 cDNA as a template, TaGSW1 -1F and TaGSW1 PCR amplification was performed using primers consisting of -1R primers; the PCR product was used as a template... TaGSW1 -2F and TaGSW1 Nested PCR amplification was performed using primers consisting of -2R primers. After electrophoresis, the amplified primers were recovered and ligated into the pMD-18T vector (Takara), and then sent to Shanghai Sangon Biotech for sequencing. The PCR reaction system was the same as described above. PCR parameters: 95 ℃ for 5 min, 95 ℃ for 30 s, 60 ℃ for 30 s, 72 ℃ for 1.2 min, 35 cycles.

[0039] Sequencing results showed that, using PI 610750 DNA as a template, TaGSW1 -1F and TaGSW1 The DNA fragment obtained by PCR amplification using primer pairs composed of -1R was TaGSW1 The genome sequence of the gene, as shown in SEQ ID NO.1, is 2515 bp in length and contains 2 exons and 1 intron; Using PI 610750 cDNA as a template, TaGSW1 -1F and TaGSW1 The DNA fragment obtained by PCR amplification using primer pairs composed of -1R was TaGSW1 The cDNA sequence of the gene, as shown in SEQ ID NO.2, is 1602 bp in length; by TaGSW1Using the gene's cDNA sequence as a template, TaGSW1 -2F and ​ The DNA fragment obtained by nested PCR amplification using primer pairs composed of -2R was... ​ The CDS sequence of the gene, as shown in SEQ ID NO.3, is 843 bp in length and consists of deoxyribonucleotides from position 284 to 1126 of the 5' end of sequence SEQ ID NO.2. It encodes a protein as shown in SEQ ID NO.4, which has 280 amino acids.

[0040] Example 3 ​ Obtaining transgenic wheat through overexpression 3.1 ​ Construction of plant overexpression vectors According to the clone obtained in Example 2 ​ Protective primers were designed based on the cDNA sequence, and restriction endonuclease was introduced. ​ I and ​ I. Identification site and protective bases, primer sequences are as follows: ​ -3F: 5'-GATGACGATGACAAGGGATCCGCAATGGAGCCGCTCCC-3'; ​ -3R: 5'-ACGAACGAAAGCTCTGAGCTCTCAATGCAGCCGGTGCCGCTT-3'.

[0041] The expression vector chosen is LGY-OE3, which carries the maize ubiquitin promoter. The vector plasmid map is shown below. ​ As shown.

[0042] The 843 bp DNA fragment from Example 1 ( ​ The CDS sequence of the gene was cloned into the restriction enzyme sites of the plant expression vector LGY-OE3. ​ I and ​ Between I, we obtained a substance containing wheat. ​ The recombinant expression vector for the gene was named LGY-OE3- ​ .

[0043] 3.2 ​ Obtaining genetically modified wheat LGY-OE3- ​ Transgenic wheat plants were obtained by transforming the immature embryo callus tissue of wild-type Fielder wheat using Agrobacterium infection, followed by screening, pre-differentiation, and differentiation.

[0044] 3.3 Positive Identification of Overexpression Transgenic Wheat First, positive identification of T1 generation transgenic plants was performed using hygromycin tag primers (Hyg) Hyg-F and Hyg-R. The primer sequences are as follows: Hyg-F: 5'-TCTGCACCATCGTCAACCAC-3'; Hyg-R: 5'-AAACCCACGTCATGCCAGTT-3'.

[0045] A total of 14 transgenic positive plants were obtained. After indoor generation, the T2 generation homozygous overexpression lines OE#2, OE#3 and OE#7 were obtained.

[0046] 3.4 Identification of expression levels in overexpression transgenic lines Using TaGSW1-4F and TaGSW1-4R primers, the sequences are as follows: TaGSW1-4F: 5'-CAGCCCAAAGAGAGCGTGG-3'; TaGSW1-4R: 5'-TGGCGATGCTCTGCTCCTTC-3'.

[0047] Real-time fluorescence quantitative detection ​ Expression levels in T2 generation positive transgenic lines, such as ​ As shown, ​ The expression levels in the leaves of the T2 generation positive transgenic lines OE#2, OE#3 and OE#7 were significantly higher than those in the control recipient wild-type Fielder, at 779 times, 1150 times and 1105 times that of the control, respectively.

[0048] Example 4 ​ Acquisition of gene-edited transgenic wheat 4.1 ​ Construction of gene editing vectors Gene editing gRNA sequences were designed using the CRISPRdirect website (http: / / crispr.dbcls.jp / ). The primer sequences are as follows: TaGSW1-5F: 5'-ccgaggtctcgggcgAGGAGCTGAAGCAGAGCTTGCgtttcagagctatgctggaaac-3'; TaGSW1-5R: 5'-acctcggtctccaaacCTTCTTCGACCCGTCACCTcaagtctgatgcagcaagc-3'.

[0049] Using the intermediate vector pMETaU6.1 as a template, PCR amplification was performed using TaGSW1-5F and TaGSW1-5R, following the same amplification system and procedure as in Example 2, and approximately 800 bp of the target band was recovered. The gene editing backbone vector pLGYE-3 (a vector recovered from Bsa1 single digestion) was digested with Bsa1 (NEB) and the PCR product was cloned into the gene editing backbone vector pLGYE-3 (a vector recovered from Bsa1 single digestion), named cas#tagsw1.

[0050] 4.2 ​ Obtaining genetically modified wheat cas#tagsw1 was transformed into the immature embryo callus of wild-type wheat Fielder using Agrobacterium infection. After screening, pre-differentiation, and differentiation, transgenic wheat plants were obtained.

[0051] 4.3 Positive Identification of Gene-Edited Transgenic Wheat A total of 20 transgenic positive plants were obtained. After indoor generation, T2 homozygous gene-edited lines cas#1, cas#2 and cas#3 were obtained.

[0052] Example 5 ​ Grain length phenotypic identification and yield trait determination of transgenic wheat The T2 generation overexpression transgenic lines (OE#2, OE#3, and OE#7) obtained in Example 3 and the gene-edited transgenic lines (cas#1, cas#2, and cas#3) obtained in Example 4, along with the control wild-type Fielder (WT), were planted in the field. After full maturity, they were harvested, and data such as grain length and yield were measured. ​ As can be seen, compared with the wild-type Fielder (WT), the three overexpression lines showed significantly increased grain length and yield per plant. ​ The results showed that, compared with the recipient control WT, the grain length and yield per plant of the three gene-edited lines were significantly reduced.

[0053] In summary, the wheat grain length gene of this invention... ​ Increased wheat yield can be achieved by increasing grain length. This information can be used for further research. ​ The molecular mechanisms involved in wheat grain development and yield have important application value in high-yield wheat breeding.

[0054] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are only used to explain the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other implementation methods can be easily made by substitution or modification based on the technical content disclosed in this specification. Therefore, all changes and improvements made on the principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheat grain length gene TaGSW1 Its genomic nucleotide sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO.1, its cDNA nucleotide sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO.2, and its CDS nucleotide sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO.

3.

2. The wheat grain length gene of claim 1 TaGSW1 The encoded protein has the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.

4.

3. Amplifying the wheat grain length gene as described in claim 1 TaGSW1 The primer pair is characterized in that, Includes the following primer pairs: TaGSW1 -1F:5’-CCATACATCACCCCAACCTTCCTTCC-3’; TaGSW1 -1R:5'-AGAATGGAAGCAAGAAGAAGTGGGA-3'; TaGSW1 -2F:5’-ATGGCAATGGAGCCGCTCCCG-3’; TaGSW1 -2R:5’-TCAATGCAGCCGGTGCCG-3’; Using wheat genomic DNA as a template, TaGSW1 -1F and TaGSW1 The DNA fragment obtained by PCR amplification using primer pairs composed of -1R is the gene. TaGSW1 The genome sequence; Using wheat cDNA as a template, TaGSW1 -1F and TaGSW1 The DNA fragment obtained by PCR amplification using primer pairs composed of -1R is the gene. TaGSW1 cDNA sequence; by TaGSW1 Using the gene's cDNA sequence as a template, TaGSW1 -2F and TaGSW1 Nested PCR amplification using primer pairs composed of -2R yields DNA fragments that are genes. TaGSW1 CDS sequence.

4. Contains the wheat grain length gene as described in claim 1 TaGSW1 Plant expression vectors.

5. Recombinant bacteria comprising the plant expression vector of claim 4.

6. The wheat grain length gene of claim 1 TaGSW1 The application of the protein of claim 2, the primer pair of claim 3, the plant expression vector of claim 4, or the recombinant bacteria of claim 5 in the breeding of high-yielding wheat varieties / lines.

7. The wheat grain length gene of claim 1 TaGSW1 The application of the protein of claim 2, the primer pair of claim 3, the plant expression vector of claim 4, or the recombinant bacteria of claim 5 in increasing wheat yield.

8. A method for increasing wheat yield, characterized in that, Overexpression of the wheat grain length gene of claim 1 TaGSW1 .

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Will include the wheat grain length gene as described in claim 1 TaGSW1 The plant expression vector was transformed into immature wheat embryos, and transgenic positive lines were obtained by screening.

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